CN102489879A - Life prolonging method for quickly repairing microcracks of pump parts and life prolonging device for quickly repairing microcracks of pump parts - Google Patents
Life prolonging method for quickly repairing microcracks of pump parts and life prolonging device for quickly repairing microcracks of pump parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN102489879A CN102489879A CN2011103672609A CN201110367260A CN102489879A CN 102489879 A CN102489879 A CN 102489879A CN 2011103672609 A CN2011103672609 A CN 2011103672609A CN 201110367260 A CN201110367260 A CN 201110367260A CN 102489879 A CN102489879 A CN 102489879A
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Abstract
A life prolonging method for quickly repairing microcracks of pump parts and a life prolonging device for quickly repairing the microcracks of the pump parts relate to the technical fields of metal surface protection and laser machining and application. The microcracks of pumps, particularly the microcracks of centrifugal pump shells are strengthened in a cold shock manner by the aid of power effects of laser shock waves; and coatings sprayed by the aid of the power effects of the laser shock waves contain 10-60% iron-titanium compound powder or flake zinc powder. Heating cracks are avoided during repair, the microcracks can be effectively repaired, the mechanical properties of the pump parts can be improved, and the problem of difficulty in practically applying the pump parts in acid and alkali liquid environments is solved. After the method and the device are used for repairing the damaged pump parts, the purposes of life prolonging and improvement of reliability and safety of the pump parts are achieved.
Description
Technical field;
The present invention relates to protecting metallic surface technical field and Laser Processing applied technical field, refer in particular to the microcrack of pump type component under a kind of acid-base environment and repair life-prolonging method and device fast.
Background technology
Laser impact intensified (LSP) is that a kind of laser blast wave that utilizes carries out modification to material surface, improves the technology of the performances such as antifatigue, wearing and tearing and stress corrosion of material.Its principle is that shock wave and the material that the high-energy short-pulse laser is induced interacts; Form the plastic deformation layer at metal material surface; Produce crystal such as twin and form superfine little dislocation substructure; Make material surface form very big residual compressive stress, thereby the performances such as fatigue strength, hardness of metal material are improved, especially fatigue life.This technology has obtained extensive use in all trades and professions such as aviation, boats and ships, mechanical engineering, microelectronics, this technology is mainly used in material modification, metal shock peening and shaping at present, and aspect such as Non-Destructive Testing.
Get into 21 century, the environment of preserving our planet, structure recycling economy and maintenance social sustainable development have become the topic of countries in the world common concern.The recycling economy pattern of advocating energetically at present is to pursue large economy benefit more, less resource consumption, a kind of advanced economic model polluted of low environment more.So the reparation problem of product and the most important of problem change that increase the service life.
In production application; The pump shells is in processes such as casting, transportation and operation; Might produce microcrack, even local damage, blade is after operation a period of time; Owing to externally under the effect of stress, also possibly cause the generation of microcrack in pore, sand holes etc. under the long term of moment of torsion or when casting.These microcracks can bring very big threat to safety of products operation, so commute cracks the position and carry out nondestructive flaw detection examination, in time handle defective, to eliminate accident potential very necessary.The method that is used to repair pump type component crackle at present has methods such as argon arc welding, plasma spraying, plasma arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding and laser melting coating.Argon arc welding, plasma spraying, plasma arc welding, these methods of gas tungsten arc welding hot input quantity in repair process are bigger; Fire check very easily appears in the heat affected area; The welding easy deformation; Be easy to generate in the use come off, problems of crack, the contraction distortion that causes in the repair process simultaneously makes the installation accuracy of blade be difficult to guarantee, so the application of these methods has significant limitation.Laser melting coating is the process of supper-fast heating and supper-fast cooling; Have that hot input quantity to base material is few, the heat affected area is little, cladding layer organize tiny, form excellent metallurgical with matrix and combine and advantage such as easily be automated; Adopt the method for laser melting coating to repair pump shells and blade crackle and data by MoM and MEI and have remarkable advantages, but in the process of laser melting coating, be easy to generate internal flaw such as crackle and influenced the quality of cladding layer.All have a common weak point to be to be prone in the repair process crack in the said method, the continuous expansion of crackle has had a strong impact on the normal operation and the service life of pump shells and blade.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency, avoid the heat affected area occurring in the conventional pump type component microcrack repair process and form new crackle, provide a kind of microcrack of pump type component to repair life-prolonging method and device fast to above technology.This method fire check can not occur in repair process, can not only effectively repair microcrack and can improve the mechanical mechanics property of pump type component, has solved the difficult problem of pump type component practical application under the Acidity of Aikalinity liquid environment yet.After adopting the inventive method and device that the damage pump type component is repaired, reached the purpose of lengthening the life, improve its reliability and security.
The device of realizing the inventive method comprises control system, optical system, workpiece clamp system and on-line spray system.Described control system comprises industrial control unit (ICU), digitial controller, laser controller, heating controller.The digitial controller upper end links to each other with laser controller; The lower end links to each other with industrial control unit (ICU); Heating controller links to each other with industrial control unit (ICU); Industrial control unit (ICU) is controlled laser controller, spot size adjusting device and multi-shaft interlocked workbench respectively through digitial controller, laser controller control high power pulsed laser device, heating controller control heating tube.Described optical system comprises high power pulsed laser device, light pipe, 45 ° of total reflective mirrors, impact head and spot size adjusting devices.The spot size adjusting device links to each other with digitial controller between 45 ° of total reflective mirrors and impact head, and 45 ° of total reflective mirrors are above the spot size adjusting device; Impact head is below the spot size adjusting device; Condenser lens is positioned at impact head, and light pipe is together in series laser instrument, 45 ° of total reflective mirrors, spot size adjusting device and impact head, and the one of which end is connecting laser instrument; The other end is facing to workpiece clamp system, and impact head is positioned at above the workpiece clamp system.Described workpiece clamp system comprises multi-shaft interlocked workbench, pump type component and anchor clamps, and the pump type component passes through clamps on multi-shaft interlocked workbench; Described on-line spray system comprises storage tank, high-pressure plunger pump, flow regulator, tube connector, bracing frame, heating tube and spray gun; Storage tank links to each other with high-pressure plunger pump; Flow regulator couples together high-pressure plunger pump and spray gun through tube connector, and heating tube is fixed on bracing frame.
The present invention is characterized in that the coating that is sprayed contains compound special titanium valve of 10-60 ﹪ or zinc flake; Paint thickness is 40-120 μ m; Innovation part on-line spray system uses compound special titanium valve or zinc flake coating promptly to increase the laser stress effect; And the special acid-fast alkali-proof of this coating, solved the pump type component and often be in the Acidity of Aikalinity liquid environment, the corrosion-prone difficult problem of practical application; Its characteristic of the present invention is that also the completion of this method will combine apparatus of the present invention to realize.
The innovation of the present invention's technology; The shock wave that is induced with laser acts on pump type component microcrack place and produces great residual compressive stress; Utilize laser cold-working impulsive force that thereby the closed effect of crackle is repaired pump type component damage location fast, apparatus of the present invention can on-line automatic spraying and heating, drying coating and are carried out laser impact intensified.Behind this method remediation intensification, no fire check produces, and repairing effect is good.Coating in the storage tank flows into flow regulator after the high-pressure plunger pump pressurization; The output flow of flow regulator control coating; Coating sprays pump type component microcrack place through spray gun, and heating tube heating still air makes coating flash baking form dope layer, and the laser emission that the high power pulsed laser device sends is to flexible lamina; The shock wave of induced with laser carries out shock peening to dope layer and pump type component microcrack; Form plastic deformation layer and great residual compressive stress on its surface, improve performances such as its fatigue strength, hardness, residual compressive stress makes microcrack be tending towards closed greatly; Simultaneously greatly residual compressive stress makes dope layer and pump type component matrix bond tight; The difficult generation of dope layer comes off, problems of crack, has prolonged the service life of pump type component, has played and has strengthened the effect of lengthening the life.Multi-shaft interlocked workbench has moving and two rotations of three coordinates, so can realize the reinforcement to the microcrack of optional position on the pump type component.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 pump shells microcrack intensifying device sketch map
Fig. 2 blade microcrack intensifying device part sketch map
Among the figure, 1. industrial control unit (ICU); 2. digitial controller; 3. laser controller; 4. high power pulsed laser device; 5. light pipe; 6. laser beam; 7.45 ° total reflective mirror; 8. spot size adjusting device; 9. storage tank; 10. high-pressure plunger pump; 11. heating controller; 12. bracing frame; 13. heating tube; 14. condenser lens; 15. impact head; 16. tube connector; 17. flow regulator; 18. pump shells; 19 chuck A; 20. anchor clamps A; 21. spray gun; 22. flexible lamina (restraint layer and absorbed layer); 23. dope layer; 24. chuck B; 25. multi-shaft interlocked workbench; 26. straight pin; 27. cylinder thimble; 28. blade; 29. anchor clamps B.
The specific embodiment
Specify method and concrete details and the working condition of installing that the present invention proposes below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2, a kind of microcrack of pump type component is repaired device for prolonging fast and is comprised industrial control unit (ICU) 1, digitial controller 2, laser controller 3, high power pulsed laser device 4, light pipe 5; 45 ° of total reflective mirrors 7, spot size adjusting device 8, storage tank 9, high-pressure plunger pump 10, heating controller 11, bracing frame 12; Heating tube 13, condenser lens 14, impact head 15, tube connector 16, flow regulator 17, pump shells 18; Chuck A19, anchor clamps A20, spray gun 21, flexible lamina (restraint layer and absorbed layer) 22, dope layer 23, chuck B24; Multi-shaft interlocked workbench 25, straight pin 26, cylinder thimble 27, blade 28, anchor clamps B29.
Earlier the damage pump type component is carried out surface degreasing processing of rust removing and blasting treatment, make cleaning surfaces, free from admixture and have certain roughness, satisfy the requirement of normal Coating Pretreatment.Be fixed on together on the multi-shaft interlocked workbench 25 after with grip device the damage pump type component being clamped again.Start high-pressure plunger pump 10; Industrial control unit (ICU) 1 sends instruction; Flow regulator 17 is regulated the coating output flows, and coating sprays to through tube connector 16 and spray gun 21 on the microcrack of pump type component and forms dope layer 23,13 pairs of still airs heating of heating tube 10min; The heating-up temperature scope is 160 ℃ ~ 200 ℃, makes dope layer 23 flash bakings.After treating that dope layer 23 solidifies; Industrial control unit (ICU) 1 sends instruction and regulates high power pulsed laser device 4 through digitial controller 2 control laser controllers 3; High power pulsed laser device 4 sends through the laser beam of optimizing 6, the microcrack surface that condenser lens 14 in 5,45 ° of total reflective mirrors 7 of laser beam 6 process light pipes, spot size adjusting device 8, the impact head 15 and dope layer 23 shine the pump type component.Laser energy and pulse width that laser controller 3 is regulated laser, control spot size adjusting device 8 changes spot diameter, makes each parameter satisfy test requirements document.The shock wave of induced with laser acts on dope layer 23 and pump type component; Form plastic deformation layer and great residual compressive stress on pump type component surface; Make its microcrack be tending towards the purpose that closure reaches reparation; Regulate digitial controller 2 then multi-shaft interlocked workbench 25 is moved by certain track, because multi-shaft interlocked workbench 25 has moving and two rotations of three coordinates, so can realize reinforcement the microcrack of optional position on the pump type component.
Embodiment one
The pump shells.Earlier the damage pump shells is carried out surface degreasing processing of rust removing and blasting treatment, be fixed on together on the multi-shaft interlocked workbench after with anchor clamps the damage pump shells being clamped then.Start high-pressure plunger pump, coating sprays the formation dope layer through tube connector and spray gun to the microcrack of pump shells, and thickness is 40-100 μ m, heats about 180 ℃ with heating tube then and dries 10min.Regulate high power pulsed laser device parameter and spot size adjusting device parameter, laser energy is 12.1J, and pulse width is 30ns, and spot diameter is 4 mm, is that restraint layer carries out laser-impact with water.
Embodiment two
Pump housing blade.Earlier damaged blade is carried out surface degreasing processing of rust removing and blasting treatment, be fixed on together on the multi-shaft interlocked workbench after with anchor clamps damaged blade being clamped then.Start high-pressure plunger pump, coating sprays the formation dope layer through tube connector and spray gun to the microcrack of blade, and thickness is 40-100 μ m, heats about 180 ℃ with heating tube then and dries 10min.Regulate high power pulsed laser device parameter and spot size adjusting device parameter, laser energy is 12.1J, and pulse width is 30ns, and spot diameter is 4 mm, is that restraint layer carries out laser-impact with water.
After this method processing reparation, on inspection, corrosion, cracking and obscission do not appear in the dope layer surface behind the salt spray test 1000h; The life-span of pump shells and blade prolongs about 1.5 times; Detect its mechanics of surface performance, and contrast with processing is preceding, the cycle-index when finding crack initiation obviously increases; Thereby greatly improved fatigue life, played invigoration effect.Guaranteed pump shells and the blade operate as normal under water, Acidity of Aikalinity liquid environment simultaneously.Result of study shows; Pump shells and blade hardness and intensity significantly improve behind this remediation intensification; Its surface becomes compressive stress state by residual stress state by tension; Thereby performances such as its fatigue life and wearability are significantly improved, and this combination property to pump shells and blade is significant.This method and apparatus is not only applicable to the reinforcement of pump type component microcrack, is applicable to that also other are similar to the reinforcement of pump type component microcrack.
Claims (2)
1. the microcrack of a pump type component is repaired life-prolonging method fast, it is characterized in that, utilizes the stress effect of laser blast wave that pump shells microcrack is carried out the cold shock reinforcement; Realize that the coating that the laser blast wave stress effect is sprayed contains compound special titanium valve of 10-60 ﹪ or zinc flake, paint thickness is 40-120 μ m; The laser pulse width that high power pulsed laser is sent is that 5ns～20ns is adjustable; Energy is adjustable at 1J～100J; Percussion power 2.8-3.6GW/cm
2Adjustable; The spot diameter of spot size adjusting device is 1mm～10mm.
2. the microcrack of implementing the described a kind of pump type component of claim 1 is repaired device for prolonging fast, and its device characteristic is, comprises control system, optical system, workpiece clamp system and on-line spray system; Described control system comprises industrial control unit (ICU) (1), digitial controller (2), laser controller (3), heating controller (11); Digitial controller (2) upper end links to each other with laser controller (3); The lower end links to each other with industrial control unit (ICU) (1), and heating controller (11) links to each other with industrial control unit (ICU) (1); Described optical system comprises high power pulsed laser device (4), light pipe (5), 45 ° of total reflective mirrors (7), spot size adjusting device (8), impact head (15) and condenser lens (14); Spot size adjusting device (8) is positioned between 45 ° of total reflective mirrors (7) and the impact head (15) and links to each other with digitial controller (2); 45 ° of total reflective mirrors (7) are in spot size adjusting device (8) top; Impact head (15) is in spot size adjusting device (8) below; Condenser lens (14) is positioned at impact head (15); Light pipe is together in series high power pulsed laser device (4), 45 ° of total reflective mirrors (7), spot size adjusting device (8) and impact head (15); The one of which end is connecting high power pulsed laser device (4), and the other end is facing to workpiece clamp system, and impact head (15) is positioned at above the workpiece clamp system;
Described workpiece clamp system comprises multi-shaft interlocked workbench (25), pump type component and anchor clamps; The pump type component passes through clamps on multi-shaft interlocked workbench (25); Described on-line spray system comprises storage tank (9), high-pressure plunger pump (10), flow regulator (17), tube connector (16), bracing frame (12), heating tube (13) and spray gun (21); Storage tank (9) links to each other with high-pressure plunger pump (10); Flow regulator (17) couples together high-pressure plunger pump (10) and spray gun (21) through tube connector (16), and heating tube (13) is fixed on bracing frame (12).
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103264225A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-28 | 江苏大学 | Laser butt welding process parameter optimization method and device |
| CN103882188A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-06-25 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Laser shock strengthening device of blisk |
| CN104889567A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | 大典五金制品（惠州）有限公司 | Laser welding manufacturing process of compressor reservoir |
| CN106244791A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 东南大学 | A kind of surface reinforcing method reducing the laser gain material part porosity |
| CN106475732A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-08 | 东南大学 | The method and apparatus that a kind of underwater facility laser gain material is repaired |
| CN109338357A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-15 | 西安航天发动机有限公司 | A kind of Laser Melting Deposition restorative procedure of metal casting rejected region |
| CN111555150A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Distribution box |
| CN115070061A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-20 | 西安空天机电智能制造有限公司 | Laser repairing method for undercarriage cracks |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106475732A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-08 | 东南大学 | The method and apparatus that a kind of underwater facility laser gain material is repaired |
| CN109338357A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-15 | 西安航天发动机有限公司 | A kind of Laser Melting Deposition restorative procedure of metal casting rejected region |
| CN111555150A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Distribution box |
| CN111555150B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2022-01-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Distribution box |
| CN115070061A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-20 | 西安空天机电智能制造有限公司 | Laser repairing method for undercarriage cracks |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |