CN103128327B - Hard coating layer plays the excellent resistance to surface-coated cutting tool collapsing cutter - Google Patents
Hard coating layer plays the excellent resistance to surface-coated cutting tool collapsing cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103128327B CN103128327B CN201210500718.8A CN201210500718A CN103128327B CN 103128327 B CN103128327 B CN 103128327B CN 201210500718 A CN201210500718 A CN 201210500718A CN 103128327 B CN103128327 B CN 103128327B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001887 electron backscatter diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PIZYHTQSHRQOBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].O=[N] Chemical compound [C].O=[N] PIZYHTQSHRQOBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003178 Mo2C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102220358403 c.89C>G Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010415 tropism Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of resistance to surface-coated cutting tool collapsing cutter that hard coating layer performance is excellent in high rate intermittent machining.The surface-coated cutting tool of the present invention, it forms the lower layer being made up of Ti compound layer and by Al at tool base Surface coating2O3The upper layer that layer is constituted, wherein, above-mentioned Al2O3Layer is made up of lower area, zone line and these 3 regions of upper area, to each region, utilize field emission type scanning electron microscope and EBSD image device, when the inclination angle number of degrees of the normal obtaining (0001) face in the range of 0～90 degree are distributed, the number of degrees in the range of 80～90 degree of lower area add up to the ratio accounting for more than 60%, and, the number of degrees in the range of 70～80 degree of zone line add up to the ratio accounting for more than 60%, further, the number of degrees in the range of 0～10 degree of upper area add up to the ratio accounting for more than 60%.
Description
Technical field
This invention relates to a kind of raw with high delivery in hot weather, and impact load acts on the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge
In, hard coating layer plays the excellent resistance to surface-coated cutting tool (hereinafter referred to as coating tool) collapsing cutter.
Background technology
Conventionally, there is known generally (following by tungsten carbide (representing with WC below) base cemented carbide or titanium carbonitride
Represent with TiCN) based ceramic metal constitute matrix (below these being generically and collectively referred to as tool base) surface formed by
The coating tool of the hard coating layer that following (a) and (b) is constituted:
A () lower layer is Ti compound layer, the carbide of its Ti formed by equal chemical vapor deposition (uses TiC table below
Show) layer, nitride (following same TiN represent) layer, carbonitride (representing with TiCN below) layer, carbon
In oxide (representing with TiCO below) layer and carbon nitrogen oxide (representing with TiCNO below) layer more than 2 layers
Constitute, and there is the average thickness of total of 3～20 μm；And
B () upper layer is that aluminium oxide (uses Al below2O3Represent) layer, its chemical vapor deposition is formed, and has 1～25 μm
Average thickness.
Further, above-mentioned conventional coating tool wearability is the most excellent, but when using under high rate intermittent machining condition,
Easily produce and collapse the Abnormal damages such as cutter, it is proposed that be related to the various schemes of the structure of hard coating layer.
Such as, as Patent Document 1, propose there is the bottom being made up of at tool base Surface coating Ti compound layer
Layer and by Al2O3In the coated cutting tool of the upper layer that layer is constituted, by forming following Al2O3Layer, improves resistance to collapsing
Cutter: to this Al2O3Layer, measures the inclination angle number of degrees of the normal in (0001) face in the range of measuring angle 45～90
During distribution, the zoning, inclination angle in the range of 83～89 degree exists peak-peak, and shows 83～90
The number of degrees existed in the range of degree add up to and account for 45～the orientation of ratio of 77% that the number of degrees are overall.
Further, as shown in patent documentation 2, propose there is the bottom being made up of at tool base Surface coating Ti compound layer
Layer and by Al2O3The coated cutting tool of the upper layer that layer is constituted, by forming following Al2O3Layer, improves weight at a high speed
The resistance to cutter that collapses in cutting: by Al2O3Layer is set to 2 Rotating fields up and down being made up of lower layer and upper layer, utilizes field
Emission type scanning electron microscope, measures the normal in (0001) face in the range of measuring angle 45～90 degree to lower layer
The distribution of the inclination angle number of degrees, and to upper layer normal in mensuration (0001) face in the range of measuring angle 0～45 degree
The distribution of the inclination angle number of degrees time, the number of degrees existed in the range of 0～15 degree of display upper layer add up to and account for number of degrees entirety
The ratio of more than 50%, and the number of degrees existed in the range of 75～90 degree of lower layer add up to account for that the number of degrees are overall 50%
The orientation of above ratio.
Patent documentation 1: No. 4747387 description of Japan Patent
Patent documentation 2: No. 4747324 description of Japan Patent
The high performance of topping machanism in recent years is notable, on the one hand to the saving labourization of machining and energy-saving very
Strong to the requirement of cost degradation, there are machining high speed gradually, the trend of high efficiency with this.Further, according to
Seek the viewpoint prolonging long lifetime of life tools, also require the thick-film of hard coating layer, but present situation is as follows: example
As, seek hard coating layer (such as, the Al of upper layer2O3Layer) thick-film time, in above-mentioned conventional cladding work
In tool, especially use it for the high rate intermittent cutting of the machining condition of harshness, i.e. with the life of high delivery in hot weather, and with extremely short
Spacing repeatedly and time intermittence, impact load act in the high rate intermittent cutting of cutting edge portion, due to upper layer
Al2O3The elevated temperature strength of layer, toughness, adhesiveness can not be said relatively abundant, therefore easily produce in cutting edge portion and collapse cutter,
Because of this reason, reach service life in the short period of time.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present inventor waits from viewpoint described above, in order to seek the hard coating layer of raising coating tool
Resistance to collapse cutter, be conceived to constitute the Al of upper layer2O3The crystal orientation of crystal grain is poor, repeats the result of further investigation,
To following opinion.
It is found that the following fact: in the tool base being made up of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy or base titanium carbonitride
Surface, as lower layer, form Ti compound layer, it has the average thickness of total of 3～20 μm, and by Ti
Carbide (TiC) layer, nitride (TiN) layer, carbonitride (TiCN) layer, oxycarbide (TiCO)
1 layer or more than 2 layers composition in layer and carbon nitrogen oxide (TiCNO) layer, then, evaporation forms the oxygen of upper layer
Change aluminum (Al2O3) layer time, by different with condition in these 3 regions of lower area, zone line and upper area
Mode evaporating Al2O3Layer, is deposited with the most under the following conditions, it is possible to be formed each interregional film of upper layer
The upper layer that the crystal orientation difference in thick direction relaxes gradually: at lower area, improve the normal in (0001) face relative to
The ratio that inclination angle formed by the normal of matrix surface exists in the range of 80～90 degree, at zone line, improves above-mentioned
The ratio existed in the range of 70～80 degree, at upper area, improves the above-mentioned ratio existed in the range of 0～10 degree.
Further, possesses the coated cutting tool of this hard coating layer, for following coated cutting tool: not only its top
Layer is excellent with the adhesiveness of lower layer, and can also suppress to result from the poor embrittlement within upper layer of crystal orientation, and
Even and if carry out thick-film also possess excellence elevated temperature strength, toughness, even if being the most such as used in steel or cast iron etc.
And intermittence raw with high delivery in hot weather, impact load is when acting in the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge, the most not
Cutter can be collapsed with cutting edge portion produces, and play the wearability of excellence by long-term use.
This invention completes according to above-mentioned opinion, and it has a surface-coated cutting tool of following feature:
A kind of surface-coated cutting tool, it is being made up of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy or base titanium carbonitride
The surface of tool base forms the hard coating layer being made up of following (a) lower layer, (b) upper layer and forms:
A () lower layer is Ti compound layer, it has the average thickness of total of 3～20 μm, and by the carbide of Ti
1 layer or more than 2 layers composition in layer, nitride layer, carbonitride layer, oxycarbide layer and carbon nitrogen oxide layer；
And
B () upper layer is alumina layer, it has the average thickness of 2～25 μm, and when chemical vapor deposition
There is the crystalline texture of hexagonal crystal, it is characterised in that
C () above-mentioned alumina layer is respectively 0.5～3 μm, 0.5～3 μm, 1～20 μm by average area thickness
These 3 regions of lower area, zone line and upper area are constituted,
D () each region to above-mentioned alumina layer, utilizes field emission type scanning electron microscope and EBSD
Image device, irradiates electron ray to each crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice existed in the measurement range in surface grinding face,
Measure the normal in (0001) face of the crystal face as described crystal grain relative to inclination angle formed by the normal of matrix surface,
By in described mensuration inclination angle, it is in the inclination angle that measures in the range of 0～90 degree and divides by the spacing of 0.25 degree, and
When making the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph that the number of degrees existed in each zoning are added up to,
The number of degrees total existed in the range of 80～90 degree of above-mentioned lower area accounts for the inclination making this lower area
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in angle number distribution graph,
The number of degrees total existed in the range of 70～80 degree of above-mentioned zone line accounts for the inclination making this zone line
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in angle number distribution graph,
The number of degrees total existed in the range of 0～10 degree of above-mentioned upper area accounts for the inclination angle making this upper area
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in number of degrees distribution graph.
Then, the structure sheaf of the hard coating layer of the coating tool of this invention is specifically described further.
Lower layer (Ti compound layer):
Ti compound layer self has elevated temperature strength, and because of the existence of this Ti compound layer, to make hard coating layer possess high temperature strong
Degree, in addition, moreover it is possible to the most firmly adhere to tool base and the Al as upper layer2O3Layer, therefore has and has
Help improve the hard coating layer effect to the adhesiveness of tool base, but when it adds up to average thickness less than 3 μm,
Described effect can not be given full play to, on the other hand, if its average thickness of total is more than 20 μm, the most especially with height
Easily causing pyroplastic deformation in the cutting of thermogenetic high rate intermittent, become the reason of eccentric wear, therefore it adds up to average layer
Thickness is set to 3～20 μm.
Upper layer (Al2O3Layer):
Constitute the Al of upper layer2O3Layer, typically has high temperature hardness and the thermostability of excellence, and is favorably improved hard
The wearability of clad, but when its average thickness is less than 2 μm, it is impossible to hard coating layer is played the most wear-resisting
Property.On the other hand, according to this invention, prolong long lifetime for life tools, it is possible to its average thickness is carried out thickness
Membranization to 25 μm, if but average thickness becomes blocked up more than 25 μm, then easily produce and collapse cutter, be therefore averaged
Thickness is set to 2～25 μm.
Film thickness direction crystal orientation difference gradually relax by lower area, zone line and these 3 regions of upper area
The Al of the present invention constituted2O3Layer such as can be by the evaporation coating method film forming in 3 stages as follows.
That is, after forming, with common chemical vapor deposition method, the lower layer being made up of Ti compound layer, on this lower layer,
Such as use common chemical evaporation plating device, by the evaporation coating method film forming in 3 stages as follows.
" film forming of lower area "
(capacity %): AlCl is formed at reacting gas3: 5～8%, CO2: 3～8%, HCl:6～10%, TiCl4:
0.1～0.6%, residue: H2；
Reaction atmosphere temperature: 750～900 DEG C；
Reaction atmosphere pressure: 6～10kPa
Under conditions of, until thickness becomes 0.5～3 μm film forming lower areas,
" film forming of zone line "
(capacity %): AlCl is formed at reacting gas3: 1～5%, CO2: 3～8%, HCl:2～5%, TiCl4:
0.4～1.0%, H2S:0.05～0.10%, residue: H2；
Reaction atmosphere temperature: 750～900 DEG C；
Reaction atmosphere pressure: 6～10kPa
Under conditions of, until thickness becomes 0.5～3 μm film forming zone lines,
" film forming of upper area "
(capacity %): AlCl is formed at reacting gas3: 2～5%, CO2: 3～8%, HCl:6～10%, H2S:
0.25～0.6%, residue: H2；
Reaction atmosphere temperature: 960～1020 DEG C；
Reaction atmosphere pressure: 3～10kPa
Under conditions of, until thickness becomes 1～20 μm film forming upper areas.
By 3 above-mentioned stages, film forming Al2O3Layer, the crystal orientation difference that it is possible to be formed film thickness direction is delayed gradually
The Al of the present invention being made up of lower area, zone line and these 3 regions of upper area of sum2O3Layer.
Further, in this upper layer, the lower area of upper layer is excellent with the adhesiveness of lower layer, and upper layer possesses
Excellent elevated temperature strength and toughness, and, zone line relaxes lower area and the crystal orientation drastically of upper area
The change of difference, and the Al caused because of the crystal orientation difference drastically between lower area and upper area can be suppressed2O3Layer
Internal embrittlement, therefore, the coating tool possessing upper layer of the present invention plays excellence in high rate intermittent machining
Resistance to collapse cutter, wearability.
Al about the upper layer of film forming in the above described manner2O3Layer, in order to the lower area formed along thickness direction,
Zone line and these 3 respective crystal orientations in region of upper area are investigated, and utilize field emission type scanning electron
Microscope and EBSD image device, exist in the measurement range of pair cross-section abradant surface has hexagoinal lattice
Each crystal grain irradiate electron ray, measure the normal in (0001) face of the crystal face as described crystal grain relative to matrix
Inclination angle formed by normal to a surface, by described mensuration inclination angle, the mensuration inclination angle in the range of 0～90 degree is pressed
The spacing of 0.25 degree divides, and makes the inclination angle number of degrees adding up to the number of degrees existed in each zoning
During distribution graph,
(I) at lower area, the number of degrees total existed in the range of 80～90 degree accounts for the inclination making this lower area
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in angle number distribution graph,
(II) at zone line, the number of degrees existed in the range of 70～80 degree add up to and account for inclining of making this zone line
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in oblique angle number of degrees distribution graph,
(III) at upper area, the number of degrees existed in the range of 0～10 degree add up to and account for inclining of making this upper area
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in oblique angle number of degrees distribution graph.
I.e., it is known that each interregional in upper layer, the crystal orientation difference of film thickness direction relaxes gradually.
Fig. 1 illustrates an example of the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph that inclination angle formed by the normal in mensuration (0001) face obtains.
(a), (b), (c) of Fig. 1 is respectively and is measured lower area, zone line, upper area obtaining
Inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph.
The Al of above-mentioned upper layer2O3In Ceng, lower region thereof, zone line, the respective thickness of upper area less than
When 0.5 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, it is impossible to expect upper layer thick-film life tools of bringing prolong long lifetime,
On the other hand, if the thickness in above-mentioned each region is respectively more than 3 μm, 3 μm, 20 μm, then cutting edge portion is easily produced
Cutter is collapsed in life, and therefore the thickness of the lower area of upper layer is set to 0.5～3 μm, and the thickness of zone line is set to 0.5～3
μm, and the thickness of upper area is set to 1～20 μm.
Further, at above-mentioned lower area, the number of degrees existed in the range of 80～90 degree add up to less than to this lower area
The number of degrees in the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph made overall 60% time, it is impossible to guarantee the sufficient adhesion with lower layer
Property, and, at zone line, the number of degrees existed in the range of 70～80 degree add up to less than making this zone line
Inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph in the number of degrees overall 60% time, it is impossible to seek lower area and upper area fully
Between the mitigation of crystal orientation difference, therefore can not seek to improve the adhesiveness between lower area and upper area, relaxation layer
Interior embrittlement, and at upper area, the number of degrees existed in the range of 0～10 degree add up to less than to this upper area system
The number of degrees in the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph become overall 60% time, it is impossible to play Al fully2O3Layer is possessed
Wearability.
Thus, in the present invention, set the Al in each region of upper layer as follows2O3The orientation ratio of crystal grain: by
Al2O3The number of degrees total existed in the range of 80～90 degree of the lower area of the upper layer that layer is constituted accounts for this lower region
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph that territory is made, and the 70 of zone line～80
The number of degrees existed in the range of degree add up to the number of degrees accounting in the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph making this zone line overall
More than 60% ratio, and in the range of 0～10 degree of upper area exist the number of degrees add up to account for this upper zone
The ratio of more than 60% of the number of degrees entirety in the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph that territory is made.
As hard coating layer, evaporation forms the lower layer being made up of Ti compound layer and by Al2O3The top that layer is constituted
The coating tool of this invention of layer is following coating tool: the Al of upper layer2O3Layer by lower area, zone line,
These 3 regions of upper area are formed, and make the Al in each region2O3The orientation of crystal grain is slowly varying, at lower area,
It is improved with the adhesiveness of lower layer, at upper area, possesses the elevated temperature strength of excellence, high temperature hardness, toughness,
Further, the crystal orientation difference change between zone line, lower area and upper area is relaxed, thus, pass through
Embrittlement in adhesiveness, and inhibition layer in raising layer, even if thus raw with high delivery in hot weather, and intermittence, impact
Property load act on cutting edge portion high rate intermittent cutting in use time, do not produce Abnormal damages such as collapsing cutter, make through for a long time
With and play excellence wearability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Al of the upper layer about the hard coating layer constituting coating tool 1 of the present invention2O3(0001) of layer
The inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph of the normal in face, (a) is the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph measuring lower area,
B () is the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph to middle area test, (c) is the inclination measuring upper area
Angle number distribution graph.
Detailed description of the invention
Then, the coating tool of this invention is illustrated according to embodiment.
[embodiment]
Prepare be respectively provided with the WC powder of mean diameter of 1～3 μm, TiC powder, ZrC powder, TaC powder,
NbC powder, Cr3C2These material powders, as material powder, are coordinated by powder, TiN powder and Co powder
Become the cooperation composition shown in table 1, add wax ball milling in acetone and mix 24 hours, and after carrying out drying under reduced pressure,
With the pressed compact that the pressure punch forming of 98MPa is regulation shape, by this pressed compact in the vacuum of 5Pa, with
Set point of temperature in the range of 1370～1470 DEG C keep 1 hour under conditions of vacuum-sintering, after sintering, to cutting
Blade implements the cutting edge reconditioning processing of R:0.07mm, produces the most respectively and has ISO CNMG120408
WC base cemented carbide tool base A of the blade shapes of middle regulation～D.
It addition, prepare to be respectively provided with the TiCN (mass ratio is TiC/TiN=50/50) of the mean diameter of 0.5～2 μm
Powder, Mo2C powder, ZrC powder, NbC powder, TaC powder, WC powder, Co powder and Ni powder
These material powders, as material powder, are fitted in the cooperation composition shown in table 2, mix by ball mill wet type by end
Close 24 hours and dried, with the pressure punch forming of 98MPa as pressed compact, by this pressed compact at the nitrogen of 1.3kPa
In atmosphere, at a temperature of with 1540 DEG C, keep the condition sintering of 1 hour, after sintering, cutting edge portion is implemented width
Degree R:0.07mm cutting edge reconditioning processing, is consequently formed the blade shapes with iso standard CNMG120412
TiCN based ceramic metal tool base a～d.
Then, common chemical evaporation plating device is utilized, at these tool base A～D and tool base a～d
Surface, with the condition shown in table 3, and is deposited with formation Ti compound layer with the combination shown in table 5 and target thickness,
Lower layer as hard coating layer.
Subsequently, with the condition shown in table 4, and it is deposited with formation as upper layer using the target thickness shown in table 6
Al2O3Layer, produces coating tool 1～13 of the present invention the most respectively.
Further, as omparison purpose, with the condition shown in table 3, and with the combination shown in table 5 and target thickness
Evaporation forms the Ti compound layer identical with coating tool 1～13 of the present invention, as the lower layer of hard coating layer.
Subsequently, under the conditions shown in Table 4, and using the target thickness shown in table 7 it is deposited with and is formed as upper layer
Al2O3Layer, produces comparative example coating tool 1～13 the most respectively.
Then, the top to the hard coating layer constituting above-mentioned coating tool of the present invention and comparative example coating tool
The Al of layer2O3Layer, utilizes field emission type scanning electron microscope and EBSD image device, makes respectively
Become inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph.
First, could be made by inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph: by the Al of upper layer2O3Layer longitudinal section (under
Region, portion, zone line, any longitudinal section of upper area) as under the state of abradant surface, it is placed on Flied emission
In the lens barrel of type scanning electron microscope, to described abradant surface, the incident angle with 70 degree and the irradiation with 1nA
The each crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice existed in the measurement range of described longitudinal section abradant surface is irradiated 15kV by electric current
The electron ray of accelerating potential, utilize EBSD image device, to the region of 30 × 50 μm with
The interval of 0.1 μm/step, to the normal in (0001) face of the crystal face as described crystal grain relative to instrument base
Inclination angle formed by the normal of body is measured, based on this measurement result, by being in described mensuration inclination angle
The inclination angle that measures in the range of 0～90 degree divides with the spacing of 0.25 degree, and in each zoning
The number of degrees of interior existence add up to.
And, to Al2O3The lower area of layer, zone line, each region of upper area carry out said determination.
It addition, about comparative example coating tool, due to Al2O3Layer is single region, is formed without above-mentioned each district
Territory, therefore by Al2O3The thickness of layer carries out 8 deciles along thickness direction, is set to the 1st district from tool base side
Territory, the 2nd region, the 3rd region, the 4th region, the 5th region, the 6th region, the 7th region, the 8th district
Territory, is set to the region corresponding with the lower area of the present invention by the 1st region, is set to and the present invention in the 2nd region
Region corresponding to zone line, the 3rd～the 8th region is set to the region corresponding with the upper area of the present invention,
It is respectively prepared the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph in each region.
Table 6, table 7 are shown in the above-mentioned inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph tried to achieve, and account for the 80～90 of number of degrees entirety
Inclining in the range of degree (lower area), 70～80 degree (zone lines) and 0～10 degree (upper area)
The number of degrees ratio existed in zoning, oblique angle.
As an example, the inclination angle shown in (a)～(c) of Fig. 1, coating tool 1 of the present invention made
Number of degrees distribution graph.
As table 6, table 7 are shown respectively, the Al of coating tool of the present invention2O3Layer is shown in lower area 80～90
The number of degrees ratio of degree is higher, higher in the number of degrees ratio of zone line 70～80 degree, and at upper area 0～
The number of degrees ratio of 10 degree is higher.
To this, in comparative example coating tool, it is shown that the number of degrees ratio in each region is less than 60%, and in district
Incline structure is not become between territory.
It addition, utilize scanning electron microscope measure respectively (measuring longitudinal section equally) coating tool 1 of the present invention～
The thickness of the lower layer of 13, the thickness in each region of upper layer and the bottom of comparative example coating tool 1～13
The thickness of layer, the thickness of upper layer, all illustrate actually identical with target thickness average thickness and (measure 5
The meansigma methods of point).
[table 1]
[table 2]
[table 3]
[table 4]
[table 5]
[table 6]
[table 7]
Then, in the state of the leading section that all with stationary fixture, above-mentioned various coating tools are fastened on instrument steel lathe tool
Under, to coating tool of the present invention 1～13 and comparative example coating tool 1～13, carry out following cutting test, and
All cutting tests all determine the wear of the tool flank width of cutting edge:
Workpiece: JIS S30C along its length be configured with at equal intervals 4 pods pole,
Cutting speed: 360m/min,
Cutting-in amount: 1.3mm,
Feed speed: 0.2mm/rev,
Cutting time: 5 minutes
Condition (machining condition A) under the wet type high rate intermittent cutting test of carbon steel (common cutting speed is
200m/min)；
Workpiece: JIS SCM415 along its length be configured with at equal intervals 4 pods pole,
Cutting speed: 350m/min,
Cutting-in amount: 2.0mm,
Feed speed: 0.32mm/rev,
Cutting time: 5 minutes
Condition (machining condition B) under wet type high rate intermittent height feeding cutting test (the common cutting speed of steel alloy
For 200m/min)；And
Workpiece: JIS FCD450 along its length be configured with at equal intervals 4 pods pole,
Cutting speed: 400m/min,
Cutting-in amount: 2.4mm,
Feed speed: 0.32mm/rev,
Cutting time: 5 minutes
Condition (machining condition C) under spheroidal graphite cast-iron dry type high rate intermittent height feeding cutting test (common cutting speed
Degree is 180m/min).
This measurement result is shown in Table 8.
[table 8]
The cutting test result of comparative example coating tool represents that the cutting time reached because cutter is collapsed in generation till the life-span (divides
Clock)
Knowable to the result shown in table 6～8, coating tool 1～13 of the present invention is following coating tool: the Al of upper layer2O3
Layer is formed by lower area, zone line, these 3 regions of upper area, and is made the Al in each region2O3Taking of crystal grain
Tropism is slowly varying, at lower area, improves the adhesiveness with lower layer, at upper area, possesses the high temperature of excellence
Intensity, high temperature hardness, toughness, and at zone line, relax the crystal orientation between lower area and upper area poor
Change, therefore by brittle in adhesiveness, and inhibition layer in raising layer, even if thus raw with high delivery in hot weather, and
And intermittence, impact load act on when using in the high rate intermittent cutting of cutting edge portion, the most do not produce that to collapse cutter etc. different
Often damage, plays the wearability of excellence by long-term use.
In contrast, about comparative example coating tool 1～13, all in high rate intermittent machining, hard coating layer produces
Cutter is collapsed in life, reaches service life in the short period of time.
Industrial applicability
As it has been described above, the continuous cutting at typical condition such as the most various steel or cast iron or interrupted cut, especially companion
There is high delivery in hot weather raw, and intermittence, impact load act on when using in the high rate intermittent cutting of cutting edge portion, this
Bright coating tool displays that the resistance to of excellence collapses cutter, plays the wearability of excellence by long-term use, therefore, it is possible to very
Tackle the high performance of topping machanism and the saving labourization of machining and energy-saving even cost degradation satisfactorily.
Claims (1)
1. a surface-coated cutting tool, it is being made up of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy or base titanium carbonitride
The surface of tool base form the hard coating layer that is made up of following (a) lower layer and (b) upper layer and form:
A () lower layer is Ti compound layer, it has the average thickness of total of 3～20 μm, by the carbide lamella of Ti,
1 layer or more than 2 layers composition in nitride layer, carbonitride layer, oxycarbide layer and carbon nitrogen oxide layer；And
B () upper layer is alumina layer, it has the average thickness of 2～25 μm, and when chemical vapor deposition
There is the crystalline texture of hexagonal crystal,
This surface-coated cutting tool is characterised by,
C () described alumina layer is respectively 0.5～3 μm, 0.5～3 μm and 1～20 μm by average area thickness
These 3 regions of lower area, zone line and upper area constitute,
D () each region to described alumina layer, utilizes field emission type scanning electron microscope and EBSD
Image device, irradiates electron ray to each crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice existed in the measurement range in surface grinding face,
Measure the normal in (0001) face of the crystal face as described crystal grain relative to inclination angle formed by the normal of matrix surface,
By in described mensuration inclination angle, it is in the inclination angle that measures in the range of 0～90 degree and divides by the spacing of 0.25 degree, and
When making the inclination angle number of degrees distribution graph that the number of degrees existed in each zoning are added up to,
The number of degrees total existed in the range of 80～90 degree of described lower area accounts for the inclination making this lower area
The ratio of more than 60% of the whole number of degrees in angle number distribution graph,
The number of degrees total existed in the range of 70～80 degree of described zone line accounts for the inclination making this zone line
The ratio of more than 60% of the whole number of degrees in angle number distribution graph,
The number of degrees total existed in the range of 0～10 degree of described upper area accounts for the inclination angle making this upper area
The ratio of more than 60% of the whole number of degrees in number of degrees distribution graph.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011261779A JP5854321B2 (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | A surface-coated cutting tool that exhibits excellent chipping resistance with a hard coating layer in high-speed intermittent cutting |
| JP2011-261779 | 2011-11-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103128327A CN103128327A (en) | 2013-06-05 |
| CN103128327B true CN103128327B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1660531A (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-08-31 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Coated cement cutting tool with a chipping resistant, hard coating layer |
| CN102398049A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-04-04 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Surface coating cutting tool for fracture-resistant cutter |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1660531A (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-08-31 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Coated cement cutting tool with a chipping resistant, hard coating layer |
| CN102398049A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-04-04 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Surface coating cutting tool for fracture-resistant cutter |
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