CN103119258A - 具有热容纳容器的流体贮存器 - Google Patents

具有热容纳容器的流体贮存器 Download PDF

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CN103119258A
CN103119258A CN2010800032464A CN201080003246A CN103119258A CN 103119258 A CN103119258 A CN 103119258A CN 2010800032464 A CN2010800032464 A CN 2010800032464A CN 201080003246 A CN201080003246 A CN 201080003246A CN 103119258 A CN103119258 A CN 103119258A
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reservoir
reducing agent
container
heating element
fluid
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罗多尔夫·埃玛尔
菲利普·夏弗拉克斯
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Akwel SA
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MGI Coutier SA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K13/00Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
    • B60K13/04Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning exhaust
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67DDISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06Details or accessories
    • B67D7/80Arrangements of heating or cooling devices for liquids to be transferred
    • B67D7/82Heating only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03328Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
    • B60K2015/03427Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling for heating fuel, e.g. to avoiding freezing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1406Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

本发明尤其涉及一种为了控制污染而可用于热机车辆上的脲基还原剂的贮存器,其具有集成的电加热件。提供来融化还原剂(6)的加热件(10)放置在由容器(13)所限定的腔(16)内部,该容器(13)自身位于贮存器(1)内部。容器(13)的腔(16)通过阀(20)与贮存器的内部容积(5)相通。还原剂的吸管(12)浸在容器(13)的腔(16)中,所述吸管的起点(18)位于加热件(10)附近。因而,当车辆处于斜坡或倾斜状况时、以及在冻结情形时,工作得以确保。

Description

具有热容纳容器的流体贮存器
本发明涉及一种流体贮存器,更特别地涉及一种适于可能冻结或随温度变化粘性剧烈改变的流体的贮存器,该贮存器装备有集成电加热件以能够至少部分地融化该贮存器中所容纳的流体。本发明尤其可应用于热机车辆上所使用的用于污染控制目的的还原剂贮存器,特别是脲基还原剂。再特别地,本发明涉及提供有流体从其抽吸的热容纳容器的这种贮存器,该流体例如为还原剂、包含在贮存器中并且将被抽吸来使用。
为符合污染标准,机动车辆必须连接有正在日益变得复杂的污染控制装置,污染控制的化学原理要求添加催化剂或氧化剂或还原剂,尤其是在排气管路中,以实现污染控制。
有关柴油机机动车的污染控制,标准中要求制造商在排气系统上配备催化式排气净化器,采用氨来减少氮氧化物。然而,由于氨是一种有毒制品,污染控制通过以诸如33%的比例溶解在水中的脲来实现,脲仅在其被使用时才在排气系统中经热水解转变为氨。这一过程通常被称为“SCR”(选择性催化还原)。
脲的配比必须根据发动机所产生的氮氧化物通风量造成的需求而调整。为此,脲被存放在贮存器中,由泵加压,并由电磁喷射器进行分送,配合发动机的运转,继而配合通过排气管路的氮氧化物通风状况,泵和喷射器对取自贮存器并送至排气管路的氨的量进行配比。
在此类污染控制设施中,必须提供加热装置来解决脲或其他还原剂冻结的问题,这些问题会在对于特定还原剂而言温度一旦低于-11℃时、或者对于其它还原剂而言在低于更低的温度时出现。
为了能不考虑温度条件而将还原剂抽出并分配,已经提出对该还原剂进行加热的多种解决方案。由提供有集成电加热件的还原剂贮存器组成的第一类型解决方案能至少部分地融化该还原剂。
在现有解决方案中,一种解决方案(参见德国专利申请DE10 2005036 430A1)由使用正温度变化系数(PTC)功率热敏电阻的加热件组成,该加热件铸件成型并且放置在贮存器底部。另一种解决方案,在法国专利申请FR 2 918 968 A1中描述,提供了以附在柔性薄膜上或在两个柔性薄膜之间的电阻条形式的加热件,其放置在贮存器内部并且尤其置于贮存器的底部。
需考虑到的另一需求是在斜坡和倾斜状况下保持抽吸系统的工作,甚至在贮存器近乎空的情况下,而不会将该系统排干。
在现有的解决方案中,尤其是在已知的法国专利申请FR 2890341 A1中所描述的,连接泵充满容纳箱,主泵从该容纳箱抽吸流体。容纳箱可以安装在贮存器内部,尤其安装在由在贮存器底部形成的容纳箱的壁所限定的容积中。
所有这些解决方案相当复杂且昂贵,并且当还原剂液位低且车辆处于斜坡或倾斜状况时未必能确保运行。
本发明旨在提供一种前述问题的简单解决方案。
为此,本发明涉及一种为了控制污染而可用在热机车辆上的流体贮存器,例如还原剂贮存器,尤其是脲基还原剂,该贮存器装备有集成的电加热件,能够至少部分地融化贮存器中所容纳的例如还原剂的流体,该贮存器的特征在于加热件放置在由容器限定的腔内部,容器自身放置在贮存器内部,所述腔经由至少一个阀与贮存器的内部容积相通,而用于例如还原剂的流体的吸管浸在由容器所限定的腔中,吸管的起点位于加热件附近。
优选地,电加热件放置容器底部。阀例如为膜片阀,该阀也优选地放置在容器底部。
该容器可以由不锈钢制成,这是出于与通常所使用还原剂的相容性。
在一个实施例中,除还原剂的吸管之外,还提供了一个管,其浸在由容器所限定腔中并且输送加热件的电源线。
用于例如还原剂的流体的吸管,以及用于输送加热件的电源线的管,也优选地由不锈钢制成,这是出于与容器自身相同的原因。
因而,本发明提出了一种简单的解决方案,使用了用于例如还原剂的流体的容纳容器,不需要相关的泵而确保了在斜坡或倾斜状况下的适当工作,还由于加热件而可以在低温下操作,该加热件被仔细地定位在由容器所限定的腔内部。应当注意,具有抑制加热和热防护的温度传感器可以与加热件相关联,因而该温度传感器也位于容器的底部区域中。容器和加热件的结合带来如下的好处:所融化的流体被限制在先前所使用的区域中,流体在该区域中被抽吸,使得只有确实需要的流体数量被融化,从而实现经济、快速和完全可控制的操作。
通过以下参考示出的示意性附图,作为实例描述的具有加热容纳容器的该流体贮存器的一个实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。
图1为根据本发明的具有加热容纳容器的还原剂贮存器的纵剖视图;
图2示出了具有加热件的容器的详细纵剖视放大视图;
图3和4为类似于图2的视图,示出了容器的填充和阀的工作;
图5和6为贮存器的纵剖视图,示出了其在还原剂冻结情况下的工作;
图7示出了在斜坡或倾斜状况下贮存器以及尤其是其容器的工作。
在附图中,附图标记1在全文中指代还原剂贮存器,其包括限定了所述贮存器1的内部容积5的下壁2、上壁3和侧壁4。
贮存器1在使用期间包含一定数量的还原剂6,其液位由附图标记7指示。放置在上壁3上并且通常由塞子9覆盖的填充孔8使得可以将还原剂6引入贮存器1中。
贮存器1在其下部装备有由电导线11供电的电类型的加热件10。加热件10被提供以至少部分地融化还原剂6,以允许该还原剂6即使在低温下也可以被吸管12抽出。吸管12被引向泵(未示出),使用该泵将还原剂6从贮存器1中抽出并且发送到喷射器,喷射器将还原剂分配到相关车辆的排气管中。
贮存器1装备有放置在其内部容积5中的容器13。容器13具有底部14和侧壁15,其限定了腔16,容器13的该底部比贮存器1的下壁2稍微高一点。容器13通过固定装置(未示出)保持在贮存器1的内部容积5的中央区域中。加热件10放置在容器13的底部14中,与加热件10相关联的温度传感器17具有抑制加热和热防护的双重功能。
还原剂6的吸管12浸在容器13的腔16中,该吸管12的起点18位于加热件10附近。
管19也浸在容器13的腔16中,且平行于吸管12。管19用作输送为加热件10供电的电导线11。
在容器13的底部14中的是阀20,尤其是以膜片阀的形式,其能够产生或切断一方面的容器13的腔16、和另一方面的贮存器1的内部容积5之间的连通。
还原剂6为脲基的,考虑到与所述还原剂的相容性,容器13可由不锈钢制成。同样,吸管12和用于输送电导线的管19也可由不锈钢制成。此处也可以考虑与还原剂相容并确保良好的热传递的其它材料。
更具体地参考图3至图6,现在将描述在不同状况下贮存器1的工作。
图3和4示出了当还原剂6没有冻结时抽出该还原剂6的操作。在给定时刻,如果容器13的腔16中的还原剂的液位21低于贮存器1的其它部分中还原剂的液位7,则阀20在流体静压作用下提升,并且还原剂6因而穿过容器13的腔16,如图3中箭头F所指示,直到容器13的内部和外部之间的液位21和7相等;阀20随之关闭(参见图4)。
图5和6示出了在还原剂6冻结情形下,因此是在低温时贮存器1的操作。起初,假定还原剂6完全冻结。
那么,加热件10由电导线11供电,因而导致容器13内部以及围绕容器13的还原剂6部分融化。在图5中,所融化的还原剂的容积以22指示。
当还原剂必须由吸管10抽出时,容器13内部的融化还原剂22首先被抽吸。那么,容器13中融化还原剂22的液位逐渐下降。沿着通过热传导加热的管道10,形成融化还原剂23的圆柱层,从而由于抽吸还原剂使得外部空气可以进入容器13中并重新充满腔24。
随着融化还原剂22的抽吸继续进行,阀20使得位于容器13外部的融化还原剂进入(遵循参考图3和图4的前述操作),这在系统排干之前延长了抽吸系统的工作持续时间。
最后,图7示出了当汽车处于斜坡或倾斜状态,因而贮存器1处于斜坡或倾斜状态,贮存器1中还原剂6的液位7较低(即低于容器13的高度)时的工作情况。由于阀20,还原剂6保持在容器13中,这延长了在这些状况下抽吸系统的工作持续时间。
如所附权利要求书所限定的,以下方面并不超出本发明的范围:
-改变容器的形状,
-用与还原剂性质相容的任意材料制成容器、吸管和用于输送电导线的管,
-容器装备有任意类型的加热件:CTP热敏电阻、陶瓷电阻等,
-使用任意的等效装置,例如用电缆替代用来输送电导线的管,
-增加任意的附件,例如在抽吸管道上游提供抽吸滤器并放置在容器中,
-使用任意装置将容器紧固在贮存器中,
-将本发明应用到如下的各种形状的贮存器:能够容纳任意性质的还原剂、或者可能冻结或其粘性随温度变化剧烈改变的另一种流体,这样的贮存器例如车辆的风挡刮水器的流体贮存器。

Claims (8)

1.一种为了控制污染而可用于热机车辆上的流体贮存器,例如还原剂贮存器,尤其是脲基还原剂,所述贮存器(1)装备有集成的电加热件(10),该电加热件(10)能够至少部分地融化所述贮存器(1)中所容纳的例如还原剂(6)的流体,其特征在于,所述加热件(10)被放置在由容器(13)所限定的腔(16)内部,该容器(13)自身位于所述贮存器(1)内部,所述腔(16)经由至少一个阀(20)与所述贮存器(1)的内部容积(5)相通,而用于例如还原剂(6)的流体的吸管(12)浸在由所述容器(13)所限定的腔(16)中,所述吸管(12)的起点(18)位于所述加热件(10)附近。
2.根据权利要求1所述的流体贮存器,其特征在于,所述电加热件(10)被放置在所述容器(13)的底部(14)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的流体贮存器,其特征在于,具有抑制加热和热防护功能的温度传感器(17)能够与所述加热件(10)相关联,因此该温度传感器也位于所述容器(13)的底部区域(14)。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的流体贮存器,其特征在于,所述阀(20)为膜片阀。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的流体贮存器,其特征在于,所述阀(20)被放置在所述容器(13)的底部(14)。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的流体贮存器,其特征在于,管(19)被提供且浸在由所述容器(13)所限定的腔(16)中,并输送所述加热件(10)的电源线(11)。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的流体贮存器,其特征在于,所述容器(13)由不锈钢制成。
8.根据权利要求6和7所述的流体贮存器,其特征在于,用于例如还原剂(6)的流体的吸管(12)和用来输送所述加热件(10)的电源线的管(19)也由不锈钢制成。
CN2010800032464A 2010-05-03 2010-09-08 具有热容纳容器的流体贮存器 Pending CN103119258A (zh)

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