CN103108740A - 在保险杠表皮上冲孔及/或焊接的设备 - Google Patents

在保险杠表皮上冲孔及/或焊接的设备 Download PDF

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CN103108740A
CN103108740A CN2011800411130A CN201180041113A CN103108740A CN 103108740 A CN103108740 A CN 103108740A CN 2011800411130 A CN2011800411130 A CN 2011800411130A CN 201180041113 A CN201180041113 A CN 201180041113A CN 103108740 A CN103108740 A CN 103108740A
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epidermis
punching
welding
support
equipment
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CN103108740B (zh
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F·维尔雷泽尔
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Plastic Omnium SE
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/02—Perforating by punching, e.g. with relatively-reciprocating punch and bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7457—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool comprising a perforating tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8324—Joining or pressing tools pivoting around one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843—Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于在汽车车身部件的塑料表皮上冲孔及/或焊接的设备（1），包括用于冲孔及/或焊接的活动工具（35），其中每个活动工具被调节为可实现冲孔及/或焊接操作，并在该冲孔及/或焊接操作过程中从等待位置移动到工作位置；所述冲孔及/或焊接操作分三个阶段完成：a）从远离所述表皮的收起位置，移动到接触或者紧邻所述表皮工作位置；b）进行所述冲孔及/或焊接；然后c）回到收起位置；该设备还包括支架（9），用来在预定位置接纳所述表皮。支架（9）及活动工具（35）被设置为使得表皮一旦在支架（9）上就位后就限定了安全空间，该安全空间的限定可能需要借助保护屏（19，20，21，22，23，24，25，26，58）来完善，活动工具（35）就在该安全空间内运转以完成在表皮上的所述冲孔及/或焊接操作。

Description

在保险杠表皮上冲孔及/或焊接的设备
本发明涉及在保险杠表皮上焊接及/或冲孔的设备，比如用来在保险杠表皮上固定泊车辅助传感器或大灯冲洗器，又或者格栅或加强件。
为了在保险杠表皮上实现这种操作，已知采用了一种由机座构成的设备，该机座上带有可收起（escamotables）结构，该结构支撑着冲孔及/或焊接工具。可收起结构的移动能够使其远离容纳保险杠表皮的位置的上方，以便于该表皮的操作和定位。一旦保险杠表皮就位，结构被重新移动回到操作位置，工具就可以使用了。工具的工作可能需要启动传动缸，传动缸移动工具以将其带至与表皮相接触。
除了可收起结构外，还设置了移动式及/或固定式保护装置（非实物形式，红外光幕型），其作用是防止操作人员与移动中的工具相接触；由于在上述传动缸的作用下移动，这些工具是很危险的。保护装置是大尺寸屏板，位于操作人员和表皮之间，还可能与可收起结构相连。
EP1798019公开了一种这样的屏板，呈安全光幕状及/或格栅状。
本发明试图解决的问题之一就是这种装置的尺寸过大。这种大尺寸在空间上，在循环时长上（移动的跨度越大，移动所需时间就越长）、在维护上都是有成本的。另一个问题就是保护系统本身的直接投资成本。
本发明的对象是一种用于在汽车车身部件的塑料表皮上冲孔及/或焊接的设备，其包括用于冲孔及/或焊接的活动工具，其中每个活动工具被调节为可实现冲孔及/或焊接操作，而所述冲孔及/或焊接操作分三个阶段完成：
a）从远离表皮的收起位置，移动到接触或者紧邻所述表皮的工作位置；
b）进行冲孔及/或焊接，然后；
c）回到收起位置；
该设备还包括支架，用来在预定位置接纳表皮，
所述设备的特征在于，所述支架及所述活动工具被设置为使得表皮一旦在支架上就位后，该表皮（可能还需由保护屏加以完善）就限定（délimite）了安全空间，所述活动工具就在该安全空间内运转以完成在所述表皮上的所述冲孔及/或焊接操作。
在本发明中，工具的活动特性源于其在冲孔及/或焊接操作中工具实现了（幅度通常较小的）运动。将工具挪开以便安放表皮过程中工具的收起及其经历更大幅度的移动不算本发明中所称的工具的活动性，因为它并不是冲孔及/或焊接操作中的活动性。
“接触或者紧邻所述表皮”就是指距离表皮零到数百微米的距离，即准备好在表皮上实施预设的冲孔及/或焊接操作了。
本发明的一个优势在于，由于利用表皮来限定安全空间，以供活动工具在其中完成细微运动来实现冲孔及/或焊接，则将安全空间限制在所需的最低程度，从而避免了现有技术中可收起结构的不便。
根据本发明，补全保险杠表皮而一同限定安全空间的保护屏可以是固定式的，也可是移动式的，可以是实物形式，也可是非实物形式。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，该设备还包括至少一个带有至少一部分工具的可收起结构，该可收起结构可以处于收起位置和操作位置，在所述收起位置该结构腾出所述支架对面的空间以便将保险杠表皮放置在该支架上，在所述操作位置该结构将工具维持在与放置在支架上的保险杠表皮相面对的工作位置。
本发明可用于汽车车身部件的各种塑料件，尤其是保险杠表皮、翼板表皮、裙板表皮，裙板指从车辆前后保险杠向下延伸的壁。
当本发明用于包括侧向返边（也称“弯曲段”）的表皮时（所述侧向返边使表皮呈凹形并在表皮的凹形中限定了一个内部空间）可预见两种实施方式。在第一种实施方式中，支架设置为接纳朝向为其侧向返边朝向下方的表皮。在第二种实施方式中，支架设置为接纳朝向为其侧向返边朝向上方的表皮。
如果设备只完成焊接，不进行冲孔，那么按照本发明，支架设置为接纳朝向为其侧向返边朝向上方的表皮将更有利。
如果设备要完成冲孔，可能要需要进行焊接，那么按照本发明，支架设置为接纳朝向为其侧向返边朝向下方的表皮将更有利。
为了更好地理解本发明，下面将参考附图描述仅作举例之用的具体实施方式，附图中：
-图1是按照本发明的第一种实施方式的焊接设备的透视图；
-图2是按照本发明的第二种实施方式的冲孔及焊接设备的剖面示意图，其中设备所处位置可实施冲孔及/或焊接操作；
-图3是图2的IV-IV剖面图，其中的设备处于冲孔及/或焊接操作的起始预备位置。
在图1中，附图标记所表示的部件如下：
1表示设备整体。
3表示设备的机座。
5为控制显示屏。
7为工作台。
9为安装在工作台7上的支架。支架9又分成了分开的几块：9a、9b、9c、9d、9e、9f、9g和9h，但它们共同内接于由虚线示意地表示的体积内，该体积的底面11是平的并位于工作台7上，而其上表面13与保险杠表皮的凸肚形状相吻合。
14总体表示控制按钮、传感器、连接器以及其他装置，它们与本发明没有直接联系，这里不给出它们的细节。
15和17是平行六面体结构，由位于其棱边的金属条18构成。由于每个结构都铰接在水平上棱边15a、17a的铰链上，所以是可收起的；每个结构在水平上表面、前竖向面及两侧边竖向面上有透明保护屏19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26。处于收起位置时，可收起结构15、17就腾出了支架9上方的位置，从而可以将保险杠表皮（未画出）放置在支架9上，而不会将其划伤。
可收起结构15和17两者连作一体，通过共用的手柄29来操作，该手柄是横跨着连在两个结构的上棱边上的。
保护屏19、21、22、23、25和26被切割成合适形状，与放置在支架9上的保险杠表皮（未画出）的形成相叠合。所以，每个前方屏22、26跟保险杠表皮的凸肚形相吻合，而每个内外侧向屏21、25与19、23跟保险杠表皮的横断面相吻合。
当可收起结构15和17折回到操作位置时（如图1所示），屏板和保险杠表皮（未画出）共同限定了一个封闭空间（或者是近乎封闭的，大约相差游隙的距离并符合人机工程学规范和相关安全要求）。
在此封闭空间内，活动焊接工具35由结构15和17带着。每个活动焊接工具实际上是半个焊接组件，组件包括一个活动工具35和一个固定工具33，两者应分别置于保险杠表皮的两侧以进行焊接。在图1的情况下，结构15、17带着的活动工具35是活动的超声波焊头（sonotrode），它可以在传动缸的作用下从离表皮较远的等候位置变换到靠在表皮上的工作位置；固定工具33则是整合在支架9的9a和9f块上的砧子。当结构15、17收起时，活动工具35就处于收起位置，这时这些活动工具就远离支架，不会影响到保险杠表皮在支架9上安放操作。当结构15、17处于操作位置时，活动工具35相对于保险杠表皮方便地处于等候位置，以对保险杠表皮进行所需的焊接操作。在等候位置，活动工具几乎就与表皮相接触。如果需要的话，活动工具35可以移动细小距离以与保险杠表皮相接触（为此工具包括传动缸），不过这种移动只能限于屏板19、21、23、25、27、29、31和保险杠表皮所限定的较小安全空间内。
在焊接操作过程中，活动工具可能会有细微的移动，以便能完成真正的焊接。
活动工具就在屏板和保险杠表皮所共同构成的安全空间内运转。在所述例子中，工具35既是活动的，又是可收起的；不过，它们的活动性来自于焊接操作中的细微移动，而非结构15和17的动作。
在图2和图3的实施例中，绘出了用于将泊车辅助超声波传感器支架42安装在保险杠表皮44上的设备40的示意图。这种支架42利用专用成套工具安装就位，该工具在仅一次操作中不但实现了冲孔，还完成了插入和最终的固定焊接。如上文所述，设备40包括可收起结构46，由操作人员48操作其在收起位置和操作位置之间进行切换。
与图1所示例子不同的是，该可收起结构46不包括保护屏板，并且通过合适的支架，使保险杠表皮44弯曲段朝下地放置，在图3剖面上可以看到该支架的几个局部58。
每个专用成套工具由两个活动工具组成，即固定在支架上的第一活动工具50，和由可收起结构46带着的第二活动工具52。第一活动工具50由一个凹模（它提供冲孔的反作用力）和一个支架/超声波焊头组成，可以先后完成：对表皮44的冲孔操作，夹持泊车辅助传感器支架42，以及将该传感器支架焊接在表皮上。这些操作需要活动工具50相对于等候位置的移动。第二活动工具52由一个冲子/退料板和一个砧子组成（它提供焊接的反作用力）；冲子/退料板由传动缸（未画出）驱动，传动缸将冲子/退料板从收起位置（远离表皮44）移动到工作位置，但是该移动不是在冲孔和焊接操作过程中实现的。在所述的冲孔和焊接操作过程中，活动工具52产生细小的移动，不过是朝向表皮的内部，从而从工作位置（即接触或者紧邻表皮）出发，变换为其他位置，在这些位置中工具52上对操作员有潜在危险的部位刺入表皮或者穿透表皮以进入表皮的内部空间。
在设备40上，支架58设置为使得保险杠表皮44的侧向返边部分（弯曲段）朝向下方，以与支架的部分58（充当了屏板的作用）共同在表皮的凹形中限定一个内部空间56。该空间56就形成了一个安全空间，在冲孔和焊接操作中，活动工具50就在此安全空间内运转。
从上述例子中可以看出，由于支架以及活动工具的布置，保险杠表皮起到了全部或部分保护屏的作用，确保了操作人员在操作设备时的安全。
当然，上述的实施方式并不是限制性的，可以按需要加以改动，但依然没有超出本发明的范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于在汽车车身部件的塑料表皮（44）上冲孔及/或焊接的设备（1，40），包括用于冲孔及/或焊接的活动工具（35，50），其中每个活动工具被调节为可实现冲孔及/或焊接操作，而所述冲孔及/或焊接操作分三个阶段完成：
a）从远离所述表皮（44）的收起位置，移动到接触或者紧邻所述表皮工作位置；
b）进行所述冲孔及/或焊接；然后，
c）回到所述收起位置；
该设备还包括支架（9，58），用来在预定位置接纳所述表皮（44），
所述设备的特征在于，所述支架（9，58）及所述活动工具（35，50）被设置为使得所述表皮一旦在所述支架（9，58）上就位后就限定了安全空间（56），该安全空间的限定可能需要借助保护屏（19，20，21，22，23，24，25，26，58）来完善，所述活动工具（35，50）就在所述安全空间内运转以完成在所述表皮上的所述冲孔及/或焊接操作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，还包括至少一个带有所述活动工具（35）的可收起结构（15，17），该可收起结构可以处于收起位置和操作位置：在所述收起位置，该结构腾出所述支架（9）对面的空间以便将表皮放置在所述支架上；在所述操作位置，该结构将所述工具（35）维持在与放置在所述支架上的表皮相面对的工作位置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，适用于包括侧向返边（54）的表皮（44），所述侧向返边使所述表皮呈凹形并在所述表皮的凹形中限定了一个内部空间（56）。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于焊接而不冲孔的设备，其中，所述支架（9）被设置为接纳朝向为其侧向返边朝向上方的表皮。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用于冲孔及可能情况下焊接的设备，其中，所述支架（58）被设置为接纳朝向为其侧向返边（54）朝向下方的表皮（44）。
CN201180041113.0A 2010-08-26 2011-08-25 在保险杠表皮上冲孔及/或焊接的设备 Expired - Fee Related CN103108740B (zh)

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CN109795127A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2019-05-24 余姚泰速自动化科技有限公司 一种机器人自动冲焊快换设备及加工方法

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CN108025505A (zh) * 2015-08-03 2018-05-11 詹诺普蒂克自动化技术有限公司 装配设备
CN108025505B (zh) * 2015-08-03 2020-04-17 詹诺普蒂克自动化技术有限公司 装配设备
CN109795127A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2019-05-24 余姚泰速自动化科技有限公司 一种机器人自动冲焊快换设备及加工方法
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