CN103103216B

CN103103216B - Biogas composite material

Info

Publication number: CN103103216B
Application number: CN201310050639.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 滕明佳
Original assignee: 滕明佳
Current assignee: Yingshan long run innovation energy Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2013-02-16
Filing date: 2013-02-16
Publication date: 2014-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-16
Also published as: CN103103216A

Abstract

The invention discloses a biogas composite material, which is characterized by comprising 70-80kg of excrements of livestocks, 10-15kg of mushroom dreg, 10g of biological bacteria and 5kg of biogas residue by mass. The excrements of livestocks comprise 30kg of dried poultry litter, 10-40kg of dried pig litter and 10-40kg of dried cow litter. The biogas residue is a product which obtained by sediments in a biogas digester through drying and crushing. The biogas composite material has the advantages that the aerogenesis duration is long, the biogas production rate is high, the biogas production speed is fast, the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose can be promoted so that the utilization ratio of material can be enhanced, the methane content in biogas is obviously increased, the biogas is convenient for industrialized production and transportation, the usage is convenient for the farmers, the raw materials are easy to be obtained, the rural pollution can be effectively solved, and the waste can be comprehensively used.

Description

Composite material of marsh gas

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of composite material of marsh gas.

Background technology

Biogas be a kind of colourless, have taste, poisonous, have a smelly mixed gas, its composition is not only with the kind of fermentation raw material and relative content is different changes, and because of fermentation condition and fermentation stage each variant.Generally, the main component of biogas is the gases such as methane, carbonic acid gas and a small amount of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia.Biogas only just can be obtained biogas of fine quality, that amount is many meeting under microbial growth condition and methane-generating pit normal running (operation) conditions.Now the fermentation raw material of biogas is mainly cultivate livestock and poultry by peasant household to solve, and raw material ratio is more single and not enough, but the trend cultivating is centralization, mass-producing future development, and the rural area labour that goes out is more in addition, and peasant household's cultivation amount is fewer and feweri.In recent years, country drops into substantial contribution development methane-generating pit for farm household, solve rural energy problem, because cultivation peasant household number is few, fermentation raw material wretched insufficiency, cannot meet the condition of the normal operation of methane-generating pit, many methane-generating pits are idle, even scrap, in addition raw material composition is single, gas production rate is not enough, has affected the development of biogas industry.Therefore, the composite material of marsh gas of research and development scientific formula is the key addressing this problem.

China's patent 200910167968.2 discloses " a kind of composite material of marsh gas and preparation method ", it utilizes feces of livestock and poultry, crop waste straw through stack retting, dry, pulverization process, add biological bacteria, additive, be uniformly mixed and become product, raw material mixes by following weight part: feces of livestock and poultry 70-80%, crop stalk 15-25%, biological bacteria 3-6%, additive 0.001-1%.Biological bacteria used is biogas special bio bacterium, and additive used is urea or activated carbon powder.Solve the technical barrier of stalk as domestic methane tank fermentation raw material, but it is also not ideal to tell on, and is difficult to meet large-area applying.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide, a kind of aerogenesis time length is long, gas production rate high yield gas speed is fast, be conducive to promote Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose to decompose the composite material of marsh gas that improves raw material availability.Its component by quality is:

Feces of livestock and poultry 70-80kg, bacterium slag 10-15kg, biological bacteria 10kg, natural pond slag 5kg.

Said feces of livestock and poultry is dried poultrymanure 30kg, dry pig manure 10-40kg, dry cow dung 10-40kg.

The throw out drying that said natural pond slag is methane-generating pit, the product of pulverizing.

Can find out from technical scheme of the present invention, because bacterium slag is exactly the tankage of planting the edible mushroomss such as flat mushroom, needle mushroom, bisporous mushroom.Form and stalk cell wall forms its abundant carbohydrate by three kinds of compositions that are mutually closely linked, these three kinds of materials are hemicellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen.Hemicellulose in conjunction with loose, is easy to be decomposed by acid and enzyme in cell tissue, is the carbon source of the most easily utilizing, is mainly distributed in the primary wall of vegetable cell, and less in secondary wall, it is by the short chain composition of Salvia polysaccharide of one or several monose polymerizations.Mierocrystalline cellulose is the main component of vegetable cell secondary wall, is the polymer being made up of more than several thousand to 10,000 dehydration glucofuranoses.Xylogen is natural polymers, is cross-linked and is formed by ehter bond and C-C by phenyl-propane unit.And xylogen and Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose Compound Degree are higher, and cell wall degradation effect is poorer.Stalk quality is loose, and proportion is little, enters easy floating formation fermentation dead band-floating shell after methane-generating pit.Fermentation generally need be through pre-treatment.The cotton seed hulls of plantation edible mushrooms, the Mierocrystalline cellulose in stalk, xylogen more than 50% are decomposed in the growth course of edible mushrooms, and a large amount of hypha of edible fungus also remains in bacterium slag simultaneously, is convenient to be utilized by methanobacteria, produces methane (biogas).Measure through scientific research department, make the dry tankage of raw material production edible mushrooms with cotton seed hulls, its crude protein content is 7.8%.In addition, in bacterium slag, also contain abundant calcium, phosphorus and VITAMIN, provide abundant nutrition and favourable environment to biogas microbial growth.Therefore bacterium slag can directly add in methane-generating pit as the fermentation raw material of biogas, needn't pass through pile fermentation processing again, has reduced production cost, for new approach has been opened up in the bacterium slag utilization producing in Edible Fungi.

Marsh gas fermentation processes is in fact substance metabolism and the conversion process of energy of microorganism.In catabolic process, biogas microorganism obtains energy and material, and to meet self growth and breeding, most of Substance Transformation is methane and carbon dioxide simultaneously.Various like this organic substances are constantly decomposed, and have just formed the important step of nature matter and energy circulation.Thus, fermentation raw material production biogas is to realize by the biochemical reaction of series of complex.

Enter methane-generating pit to producing biogas from organic substance, experienced " hydrolysis-product acid-product methane " three phases.Hydrolysis stage is exactly that solid organic matter is hydrolyzed into Soluble Monosaccharide, amino acid, glycerine, the lipid acid that molecule amount is less.Producing acid phase is exactly that various soluble substances (monose, amino acid, lipid acid) continue to decompose under cellulosic bacteria, protein bacterium, fatty bacterium, the effect of pectin bacterium intracellular enzyme, change into lower-molecular substance, as: the simple organic substance such as butyric acid, propionic acid, acetic acid and alcohol, ketone, aldehyde.Producing methane phase is exactly, by methanogen, simple organics such as producing the acid phase acetic acid that decomposes is out resolved into methane and carbon dioxide, and wherein carbonic acid gas is reduced into methane under the effect of hydrogen.

Natural pond slag generally contains organic 36%-49.9%, detritus acid 10.1%-24.6%, crude protein 5%-9%, also contains nutritive substance and a large amount of biogas microorganisms such as 24 seed amino acids, various trace elements, vitamin B group.Therefore natural pond slag is a kind of efficient raw material of producing biogas.At present, owing to also not having pure methane bacterium to utilize, therefore select the natural pond slag of the big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering of normal gas producing, not only can be biogas microorganism abundant nutritive substance is provided, and owing to containing a large amount of biogas microorganisms, for New-built Methane Tank not only start time fast, and can improve gas production rate 30% left and right.

The present invention compared with prior art, has following effect:

1, the aerogenesis time length is long.By using more single raw material (pig manure is main) contrast with peasant household: in 6 cubic metres of methane-generating pits, add under identical 15kg raw material condition under same environmental conditions, formula material aerogenesis time remaining reaches 45 days, uses many 25 days of more single raw material than peasant household.

2, gas production rate is high.In 6 cubic metres of methane-generating pits, add identical 15kg raw material, under 25 DEG C of identical aerogenesis conditions, formula material gas production rate every day is up to 1.6 cubic metres, peasant household is used the more single raw material of tradition (pig manure is main) gas production rate every day to be only 0.8 cubic metre, 0.8 cubic metre, the more traditional single raw material of formula material (pig manure is main) fecund every day gas, gas production rate improves 50%.

3, aerogenesis speed is fast.Demonstrate by simultaneous test, under 25 DEG C of identical methane-generating pit volumes and aerogenesis condition, add identical 15kg raw material, the 5th day detection formula material factor of created gase of formula material reaches 85%, the 10 day factor of created gase and reaches 100%.Peasant household is used the more single raw material of tradition (pig manure is main) the 5th day to detect factor of created gase to reach 65%, the 10 day factor of created gase and reach 78%, the 15 day factor of created gase and reach 100%.

4, promote Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose to decompose, improve raw material availability.By simultaneous test, formula material has improved the difficult Mierocrystalline cellulose, the hemicellulose that utilize of decomposing in methane-generating pit, is converted into the small organic molecule such as amino acid, polysaccharide, further decomposes generation methane thereby be conducive to methanobacteria, increases biogas output.Peasant household is used the more single raw material of tradition, in methane-generating pit, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose decompose slow, methanobacteria is difficult to further utilization, cause methane-generating pit top crust (due to Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose) gas production rate obviously to decline, so peasant household is used after half a year in new pond, often feel within original one day, to boil 3 times meal, can only boil afterwards 2 times or 1 meal, not even aerogenesis.

5, methane content of bilogas obviously improves.Detect by methane detector, 6 cubic metres of methane-generating pits add after 15kg same materials under same environmental conditions, the 10th day time, detect, add formula material methane-generating pit methane content average out to 78.8%, and add traditional single raw material (pig manure is main) methane-generating pit methane content average out to 65.7%.Formula material methane content improves 13.1 percentage points, thereby has improved the fuel value of biogas.

6, be convenient to batch production and produce, transport, peasant household is easy to use.

7, raw materials for production are easy to get.The raw materials such as chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung, bacterium slag (or sweet potato waste), active sludge can be collected nearby, produce.

8, effectively solve rural pollution.Big-and-middle-sized plant is because ight soil generation is large, and periphery cannot utilize and often cause environmental pollution.

9, comprehensive utilization of waste materials.Formula material not only takes full advantage of agricultural wastes, turns waste into wealth, and provides raw material for lacking raw material biogas peasant household, has improved methane-generating pit utilization ratio, and economic benefit and ecological benefits are remarkable.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: a kind of composite material of marsh gas.Its component by quality is:

Dried poultrymanure 30kg, dry pig manure 40kg, bacterium slag 15kg biological bacteria 10kg, natural pond slag 5kg.

Embodiment 2: a kind of composite material of marsh gas.Its component by quality is:

Dried poultrymanure 30kg, dry cow dung 40kg, bacterium slag 10kg biological bacteria 10kg, natural pond slag 5kg.

Embodiment 3: a kind of composite material of marsh gas.Its component by quality is:

Dried poultrymanure 30kg, dry pig manure 30kg, dry cow dung 10kg, bacterium slag 15kg biological bacteria 10kg, natural pond slag 5kg.

Embodiment 4: a kind of composite material of marsh gas.Its component by quality is:

Dried poultrymanure 30kg, dry pig manure 20kg, dry cow dung 20kg, bacterium slag 15kg, biological bacteria 10kg, natural pond slag 5kg.

Claims

1. a composite material of marsh gas, is characterized in that: its component by quality is:

Feces of livestock and poultry 70-80kg, bacterium slag 10-15kg, biological bacteria 10kg, natural pond slag 5kg, said feces of livestock and poultry is dried poultrymanure 30kg, dry pig manure 10-40kg, dry cow dung 10-40kg, the throw out drying of the big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering that described natural pond slag is normal gas producing, the product of pulverizing.