CN103097036B - 遮蔽喷涂室的壁的方法和其中使用的部分的套件 - Google Patents
遮蔽喷涂室的壁的方法和其中使用的部分的套件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103097036B CN103097036B CN201180044217.7A CN201180044217A CN103097036B CN 103097036 B CN103097036 B CN 103097036B CN 201180044217 A CN201180044217 A CN 201180044217A CN 103097036 B CN103097036 B CN 103097036B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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Abstract
本专利申请提供了一种遮蔽喷涂室的内表面的方法，所述方法包括：提供遮蔽液，所述遮蔽液包括一种或多种聚合物、碱和pH指示剂，所述一种或多种聚合物被分散或溶解在水中，所述碱的量足以使得所述遮蔽液的pH超过7，所述pH指示剂在所述遮蔽液的pH是有色的；将所述遮蔽液施用至所述喷涂室的至少一部分内表面上；使得施用的所述遮蔽液变干，由此在变干时，所述pH指示剂变为无色或基本无色的，并且获得清晰透明或半透明白色的遮蔽涂层。
Description
背景技术
本发明涉及保护油漆喷涂室的里面和周围的诸如墙壁的内表面、窗口和相邻的地板表面。具体地讲，本发明涉及遮蔽喷涂室的内表面的方法和用于制备所述方法中使用的遮蔽液的部分的套件。
出于美观或保护，许多商品的制造需要施用装饰性涂饰剂。通常在封闭区域或喷涂室的内部执行施用装饰性涂饰剂。一般来讲，喷涂室包含具有洁净空气供应和去除系统的密封腔室。把将要被喷涂的物品放置在喷涂室内，并且通过手工或自动喷涂设备完成油漆的施用。由于最好情况下油漆的传递效率通常为60％，导致大量已喷涂的油漆变成被夹带在室内的气流中，并且最终沉积在喷涂室内部的内表面和设备上。这种未固化的油漆“过喷”弄脏墙壁和地板，并且工人的鞋和设备容易将其带到油漆室的外面。如果任其累积，这种过喷使透过喷涂室中的窗户的能见度受到限制，由于地板格之间的间隙变窄而减少室内的气流，并且由于行走表面和设备变得光滑而使工作条件产生安全隐患。大多数喷涂室包括白色的内表面，以便能够易于进行颜色匹配。
为了保护喷涂室的白色墙壁不受油漆过喷的影响，使用含水液体覆盖喷涂室的内表面。这些涂布液体通常被称为室涂层或遮蔽液，并且它们是半透明白色或清澈透明的，以使得室的内壁保持白色，从而能够易于进行对将被喷涂的基材进行颜色匹配的过程。通常将遮蔽液喷涂至白色墙壁上，然后使得涂层变干。一旦变干，涂层就充当抵挡油漆过喷的屏障。当足够的油漆过喷沉积到墙壁上时，通过使用水冲掉涂层或剥离“被污染的”涂层来去除涂层。
通常，因为已被喷涂的表面和未被喷涂的表面之间缺少对比，所以难以在白色墙壁上施用这种半透明白色或清澈透明的涂层。因此，从业人员面临的挑战是，保证已施用足够的遮蔽液且遮蔽涂层不含缺陷。这样往往会导致过量使用和施用遮蔽液。
发明内容
现在将期望的是，找到用于施用室涂层或遮蔽液的改进方法。具体地讲，这种方法应该适合现有的施用方法和所使用的遮蔽液。另外将期望的是，所述方法性价比高并且/或者基本不增加遮蔽液的成本，尤其是当仅被临时施用并且需要以或低或高的频率更换时。具体将期望的是，所得的遮蔽涂层基本具有与当前使用的遮蔽涂层相同的性能和外观，并且具体地讲，将期望的是颜色匹配能力没有受到损害。
在一个方面，提供了一种遮蔽喷涂室的内表面的方法，所述方法包括：
-提供遮蔽液，所述遮蔽液包括一种或多种聚合物、碱和pH指示剂，所述一种或多种聚合物被分散或溶解在水中，所述碱的量足以使得所述遮蔽液的pH超过7，所述pH指示剂在所述遮蔽液的pH是有色的；
-将所述遮蔽液施用至所述喷涂室的至少一部分内表面上；
-使得施用的所述遮蔽液变干，由此在变干之后，所述pH指示剂变为无色或基本无色的，并且获得清晰透明或半透明白色的遮蔽涂层。
在另一方面，提供了一种部分的套件，所述套件包括分开的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括含有被分散或溶解在水中的一种或多种聚合物的半透明白色或清晰透明的遮蔽液，并且所述第二部分包括碱，并且其中所述第一部分和/或所述第二部分包括pH超过7时有色的pH指示剂，从而在所述第一部分和所述第二部分混合之后，获得所述pH指示剂呈现出颜色时的所述遮蔽液的pH，从而获得有色遮蔽液。
具体实施方式
已经发现的是，该方法能够容易地施用遮蔽液，因为遮蔽液在施用(例如，喷涂)期间带有颜色并且因此与喷涂室内表面的通常白色的表面有足够的对比。在变干时，已经发现的是，出现朝向中性或弱酸性pH的pH转变，从而导致遮蔽液中的pH指示剂从其有色的状态变为无色或基本无色的状态，并且因此在变干之后，遮蔽或室涂层的外观与没有pH指示剂的情况下的外观基本上相同。
为了避免存储期间与遮蔽液的其它组份发生任何显著干扰，通常将优选的是，使碱(base)与遮蔽液保持隔离，并且仅在将施用遮蔽液之前很短的时间内将碱混入遮蔽液中。当在遮蔽液存储的大量时间段期间在遮蔽液中存在使遮蔽液带有颜色通常所必须的一定量碱时，已观察到，指示剂可以逐渐失去其颜色或在一些情形下，在施用遮蔽液和遮蔽液变干之后，可能不再充分完成从有色到无色的转变。例如，可以在施用遮蔽液之前的一个或多个小时，长达例如数天或一周，将所需碱与遮蔽液混合。混合之后且施用之前的实际时间将取决于所使用遮蔽液的具体组份。
因此，在一个特定方面，还提供了所述方法使用的部分的套件，所述套件包括分开的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括含有被分散或溶解在水中的一种或多种聚合物的半透明白色或清澈透明的遮蔽液，并且所述第二部分包括碱，并且其中所述第一部分或/和所述第二部分包括在pH超过7时有色的pH指示剂，由此在混合所述第一部分和第二部分时，获得pH指示剂呈现出颜色时的所述遮蔽液的pH，从而获得有色遮蔽液。
术语“有色遮蔽液”表示遮蔽液具有除了白色之外的颜色，通常为与在其有色状态下使用的pH指示剂的颜色类似的颜色。
部分的套件的第一部分和第二部分为分开的部分，并且可以例如将它们保存在诸如瓶子的分开的存储容器中。
用于连接套件的第一部分的半透明白色或清晰透明的遮蔽液可以是任何已知的或者通用的遮蔽液，包括在例如US6232392、US2007/0207269、US2002/0172770、US4548962和EP405341中描述的遮蔽液。遮蔽液包括被溶解或分散在水中的一种或多种聚合物。通常，聚合物为成膜性聚合物，并且是可分散于水中或者可溶于水的。在遮蔽液中可以使用的聚合物的例子包括：多羟基化合物，例如包括各种水解度的聚乙酸乙烯酯的聚乙烯醇；聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)；淀粉；纤维素，包括羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素；褐藻胶；糊精；阿拉伯树胶；藻酸；纤维素胶；丙烯酸类聚合物，例如苯乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物；丙烯酸和聚酯与具有14至30个碳原子的脂肪酸或醇部分的碱溶胀性共聚物，如同丙烯酸酯/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-衣康酸酯共聚物和/或碱溶胀性丙烯酸酯/十六烷基聚氧乙烯醚-衣康酸酯共聚物以及上述任何聚合物的任何组合。通常使用的是PVP聚合物或聚乙烯醇。聚合物通常包括约1％至约50％(遮蔽液的重量百分比)，优选地约3％至约25％，更优选地约5％至约15％或20％，并且最优选地约7％或10％至约12％或15％。
一般来讲，遮蔽液还将包括一种或多种表面活性剂。合适的表面活性剂包括含有硅树脂聚氧化烯共聚物的硅氧烷基表面活性剂、有机硅-聚醚共聚物表面活性剂等。在某些实施例中，优选的硅氧烷基表面活性剂包括表面活性剂，其可得自毕克化学(西德)(BYKChemieGmbH(WestGermany))。在某些实施例中，硅氧烷基表面活性剂包括347。其它可以辨识的硅表面活性剂有例如纽约马塞尔德克尔(MarcelDecker，NewYork)的Hill(希尔)(1999)硅表面活性剂。另外的表面活性剂包括但不限于阴离子表面活性剂(例如，烷基硫酸盐(例如，RHODAPON(TM)、醚硫酸盐(例如，RHODAPEX(TM)、磺酸盐(例如，RHODACAL(TM)、十二烷基苯磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸酯、二苯基氧化二磺酸酯、磷酸酯(例如，RhodafacTM)、羧酸盐(例如，MiranateTM)等)、阳离子表面活性剂(例如，咪唑啉(例如，MiramineTM)、乙氧基化胺(例如，RhodameenTM)等)、非离子表面活性剂(例如，壬基酚乙氧基化物(例如，壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚系列)、辛基酚乙氧基化物(例如辛基苯基醚系列)、非离子酯(例如，AlkamulsTM)、油醇乙氧基化物(例如，RhodasurfTM，乙氧基化硫醇(例如，AlcodetTM)、封端的乙氧基化物(例如，AntaroxTM)、嵌段聚合物等)，以及两性表面活性剂(例如，咪唑啉衍生物(MiranojTM，脂肪胺衍生物(例如，MirataineTM)等)。在某些实施例中，遮蔽组份包括非离子烷基芳基表面活性剂，例如TritonCF-lO和CF-12(美国宾西法尼亚州费城的罗门&哈斯公司(Rohm&Haas，Philadelphia，Pa.，U.S.A.))。另外适用的是TritonX-I00和具有氟化烷基链的表面活性剂，例如3M公司(美国明尼苏达州圣保罗(St.Paul，Minn.，U.S.A.))销售的“Fluorad”产品和杜邦公司(DupontCompany)(美国特拉华州威尔明顿(Wilmington，Del.，U.S.A.))销售的“Zonyl”产品。另外，许多实施例包括聚脂乙氧基加合物或改性的(聚)乙氧基化物，例如，联合碳化物公司(UnionCarbide)(美国康涅狄格州丹但里(Danbury，Conn.，U.S.A.))销售的TritonDF-12和DF-16。其它的表面活性剂包括壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(例如，GAF制造的IGEPALCO-660)、聚氧化烯二元醇(例如梅泽化学公司(MazerChemicals)制造的Macol18和19)、乙炔二醇基表面活性剂(例如，空气化工产品公司(AirProducts)制造的Surfynol104A)等。通常使用量为0.05重量％至高达5重量％的表面活性剂。
在某些实施例中，遮蔽液还可以含有增塑剂，以得到韧性和柔性，并且尤其防止在干燥期间及后续的处理期间膜开裂。合适的增塑剂包括但不限于甘油、山梨醇、糖(例如，葡萄糖、蔗糖、左旋糖、右旋糖等)、尿素、三亚乙基乙二醇、聚乙二醇和其它水溶性增塑剂。可以单独使用这些增塑剂，或者彼此组合地使用这些增塑剂。增塑剂的一种组合是尿素与甘油或例如甘油单硬脂酸酯或甘油一油酸酯的甘油衍生物的组合。另外的具体组合是甘油与山梨醇的组合。
在具体实施例中，第一部分含有pH指示剂。当pH指示剂被包含于第一部分的遮蔽液中时，遮蔽液的pH将通常使得pH处于其无色状态，使得遮蔽液保持半透明白色或清晰透明的。pH指示剂应该在pH大于7例如在pH至少为7.5或至少为8或至少为8.5或至少为9时为有色。当pH低于使指示剂变色的pH时，指示剂应该为无色或基本无色的。在具体实施例中，pH指示剂将在pH为8.5或低于8.5例如为8或低于8或pH为7.5或低于7.5时转变成无色的。在原理上，本发明中可以使用如上所述发生pH转变的任何pH指示剂。具体地适合于结合本发明使用的是酞化合物或酞基指示剂。其实例子包括酚酞、o-甲酚酞、瑞香酚酞、α-萘酚酞、二甲酞酚、四溴苯酚酞、愈创木酚酞、二甲苯酚酞和香芹酚酞。另外合适的酚基指示剂可见于WO06105191中。另外可以使用的指示剂包括乙基-双(2，4-二硝基苯基)-醋酸酯、硝铵、对硝基苯肼、松色素和喹啉蓝。
pH指示剂可以是不易于溶于水的，并且将在这类情形下首先被溶解于水混溶性有机溶剂中。合适的水混溶性有机溶剂具体包括醇例如乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇、甲醇、乙二醇和甘油和二醇醚例如丁基二甘醇和甲氧基丁醇、酮例如丙酮和乙酰丙酮、乙酸乙酯等。指示剂溶解在合适的有机溶剂中之后，可以向其中加水，以得到指示剂的水溶液。水混溶性有机溶剂与水的重量比可以在大范围内变化，并且将取决于所使用的具体指示剂。一般来讲，水混溶性有机溶剂与水的重量比可以在2∶1和1∶10之间。指示剂占指示剂溶液中的量可以在大范围内变化，并且将取决于第一部分和第二部分混合之后的最终混合物中所需的量。一般来讲，当两个部分混合在一起时所需的量在0.001％和0.2％之间，或在0.01％和0.1％之间。
在另一个实施例中，在含有碱的第二部分中包含pH指示剂。在又一个实施例中，在第一部分和第二部分中可以均包含pH指示剂。
各部分的套件的第二部分包含碱，以便当第二部分与第一部分的遮蔽液混合时将遮蔽液的pH调节至碱性pH，在所述碱性pH下，pH指示剂变色。可以用于此目的的合适的碱包括有机碱以及无机碱。例子包括碱和碱土金属氢氧化物，例如氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化镁、氢氧化锶、氢氧化铵、胺例如仲和叔链烷醇胺(包括二乙醇胺和三乙醇胺)、环胺如(例如)吗啉以及碳酸盐例如碳酸氢钾或碳酸氢钠。使用合适量的碱，以获得所需的pH。通常，所得遮蔽液的pH将为至少7.5，例如至少8或至少8.5或至少9。
结合以下实例进一步说明本发明，然而，无意于将本发明限制在这些实例中。除非另外指明，否则所有的份数和百分比均以重量计。
实例
通过将8g酚酞粉末溶解在200.8g异丙醇(IPA)中，制备酚酞的储备溶液。一旦溶解，就用重量相等的去离子水稀释这个酚酞/IPA溶液。所得的这个混合物被称为“酚酞储备溶液”。
将可得自3M公司的销售商标为3MTMBoothCoatingPN06839的市售的透明清澈的遮蔽液与所需量的酚酞储备溶液混合，以产生分别包含0.02％、0.04％和0.06％酚酞的3种不同的混合物。可通过分别将18.7g、37.34g和56.6g酚酞储备溶液与3MTMBoothCoatingPN06839混合，实现产生包含0.02％、0.04％和0.06％酚酞的室涂覆溶液的过程。
将三乙醇胺(TEA)(三乙醇胺标准等级为Univar欧洲标准的85％)添加到由此获得的混合物中，其中TEA与遮蔽液的重量比为3∶100。在添加时，遮蔽液变为粉红色液体。将这种有色的混合物喷涂至带白色油漆的金属板上。在喷涂时，很快就能够主观地目测到涂层的颜色(即，可以容易地看到颜色)，并使用测色仪测量该颜色。在喷涂之前和之后测量金属板的L值，并记录差值“ΔL”(喷涂之后的L读数-喷涂之前的L读数)。另外，还测量干燥之后的L值，并获得干燥之后的ΔL值(干燥之后的L读数-喷涂之前的L值读数)。下表示出了所获得的3种不同混合物的ΔL值。另外，作为参考，也测量了未添加指示剂的3MTMBoothCoatingPN06839的ΔL值。下表中将这个参考的结果表示为“参照例”。
Claims (14)
1.一种遮蔽喷涂室的内表面的方法，所述方法包括：
提供遮蔽液，所述遮蔽液包括一种或多种聚合物、碱和pH指示剂，所述一种或多种聚合物被分散或溶解在水中，所述碱的量足以使得所述遮蔽液的pH超过7，所述pH指示剂在所述遮蔽液的pH下是有色的；
将所述遮蔽液施用至所述喷涂室的至少一部分内表面上；
使得施用的所述遮蔽液变干，由此在变干时，所述pH指示剂变为无色，并且获得清晰透明或半透明白色的遮蔽涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述遮蔽液是通过将半透明白色或清晰透明的遮蔽液与添加剂混合来提供的，所述半透明白色或清晰透明的遮蔽液包含被分散或溶解在水中的一种或多种聚合物，所述添加剂包含所述碱，并且其中在所述半透明白色或清晰透明的遮蔽液和/或所述添加剂中存在所述pH指示剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述pH指示剂被包含在所述遮蔽液中，并且所述遮蔽液具有使得所述pH指示剂为无色的pH。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述pH指示剂在水混溶性有机溶剂的辅助下被溶解在所述遮蔽液或所述添加剂中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中所述水混溶性有机溶剂选自由醇、酮和乙酸乙酯组成的组。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其中所述pH指示剂在pH低于8.5时变成无色。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其中所述pH指示剂为酞类化合物。
8.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其中所述一种或多种聚合物选自聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、淀粉、纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、褐藻胶、糊精和丙烯酸类聚合物。
9.一种用于制备有色遮蔽液的套件，所述套件包括分开的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括含有被分散或溶解在水中的一种或多种聚合物的半透明白色或清晰透明的遮蔽液，并且所述第二部分包括碱，并且其中所述第一部分和/或所述第二部分包括pH超过7时有色的pH指示剂，从而在混合所述第一部分和所述第二部分时，获得所述pH指示剂呈现出颜色时的所述遮蔽液的pH，从而获得有色遮蔽液。
10.根据权利要求9所述的套件，其中含有所述pH指示剂的那部分包括水混溶性有机溶剂。
11.根据权利要求10所述的套件，其中所述水混溶性有机溶剂选自由醇、酮和乙酸乙酯组成的组。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的套件，其中所述pH指示剂在pH低于8.5时变成无色。
13.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的套件，其中所述pH指示剂是酞类化合物。
14.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的套件，其中所述一种或多种聚合物选白聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、淀粉、纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、褐藻胶、糊精和丙烯酸类聚合物。
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| GB1015568.7 | 2010-09-17 | ||
| GB1015568.7A GB2483697A (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Colour change masking liquid for spray booth |
| PCT/US2011/049481 WO2012036876A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2011-08-29 | Method of masking walls of a spray booth and kit of parts for use therein |
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| CN103097036B true CN103097036B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
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| US (1) | US20140044864A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2616185A4 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103097036B (zh) |
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| WO2013138570A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Colored masking liquid composition and method of using |
| CN104356907B (zh) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-12-07 | 3M中国有限公司 | 遮蔽液、遮蔽涂层及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN105949885A (zh) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-21 | 3M中国有限公司 | 遮蔽液、遮蔽涂层及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN108940773A (zh) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-07 | 大连虹冠锦江机械设备有限公司 | 热喷涂遮蔽防护涂层的制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048870A (zh) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-01-30 | 亨凯尔公司 | 掩蔽组合物及其使用方法 |
| US6232392B1 (en) * | 1998-06-24 | 2001-05-15 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Temporary water-washable coating for spray booths and vehicles during assembly |
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| US4070510A (en) * | 1976-03-12 | 1978-01-24 | Acme Chemical Company | Aqueous polish composition |
| JPS60170674A (ja) * | 1984-02-15 | 1985-09-04 | Toshiba Corp | 剥離性被膜塗料 |
| US5876791A (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 1999-03-02 | Cal-West Equipment Co., Inc. | Protective coating compositions and methods of use thereof |
| US6773746B1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-08-10 | Baf Industries | Method of temporarily protecting a surface by application of a coating composition having a carboxylic acid-containing polymer film-forming component |
| US20050020722A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2005-01-27 | Cal-West Specialty Coatings, Inc. | Protective masking solutions comprising thixotropic film formers |
| US20050143505A1 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-30 | Rosekelly George S. | Paint with color change additive and method of application and painted substrate |
| US20060008585A1 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2006-01-12 | Cal-West Specialty Coatings, Inc. | Masking solutions comprising siloxane-based surfactants for using in painting operations |
| EP1847573A1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-24 | Roberto Grassellini | Water based coatings and process of preparing them |
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2010
- 2010-09-17 GB GB1015568.7A patent/GB2483697A/en not_active Withdrawn
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2011
- 2011-08-29 CN CN201180044217.7A patent/CN103097036B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-08-29 EP EP11825649.4A patent/EP2616185A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-08-29 WO PCT/US2011/049481 patent/WO2012036876A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-08-29 US US13/823,787 patent/US20140044864A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-08-29 BR BR112013006111A patent/BR112013006111A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048870A (zh) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-01-30 | 亨凯尔公司 | 掩蔽组合物及其使用方法 |
| US6232392B1 (en) * | 1998-06-24 | 2001-05-15 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Temporary water-washable coating for spray booths and vehicles during assembly |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103097036A (zh) | 2013-05-08 |
| BR112013006111A2 (pt) | 2016-05-31 |
| WO2012036876A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
| GB201015568D0 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
| EP2616185A4 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
| US20140044864A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
| EP2616185A1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| GB2483697A (en) | 2012-03-21 |
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