CN103090850A - Angle self-adaptive gradient measurement instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring instrument for slope slope, which comprises four parts: a fixed rod, a level, a connecting bearing, and a measuring cross bar. The connecting bearing is simultaneously connected with the fixing rod, the level, and the measuring cross bar. The self-adaptation of the slope, using the vertical datum provided by the level, obtains the slope value of the slope. It has many advantages such as easy operation and little external interference.

Description

Angle Adaptive Inclinometer

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of topographic measuring instruments, in particular to a slope measuring instrument.

Background technique

Slope measurement is an important means of obtaining topographic and geomorphic information. Ground slope is an important parameter for engineering construction, agricultural production, and soil erosion assessment and control. The traditional total station and theodolite are used to measure the slope. Although the accuracy is high, the instrument It is cumbersome, cumbersome to operate, and the measurement efficiency is low, and it can only measure large slopes, and the measurement results cannot reflect the details of the slope. However, although the use of compass, spirit level and other measurement methods is more convenient to carry, the measurement error is relatively large, and it is also easily affected by the external environment such as magnetic field and humidity.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional slope measurement equipment and methods, the present invention provides a slope measurement tool for slopes. The tool has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, basically no external influence, and adaptability to various environments.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following design: the device mainly includes four parts: a fixed rod, a level, a connecting bearing, and a measuring cross bar. The level is fixed on the fixing rod, and the connecting bearing connects the fixed rod and the measuring cross bar. . When conducting field measurements, put the measuring bar close to the slope to be measured, adjust the level on the fixed bar so that the fixed bar is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, take the straight line where the fixed bar is located as the hypotenuse, and measure the straight line where the pointer on the bar is located as The right-angled triangle with the right-angled side forms a similar triangle with the inclined plane triangle. According to the principle of similar triangles, the slope of the inclined plane is equal to the angle between the straight line where the measuring crossbar is located and the straight line where the pointer on the measuring crossbar is located. The size of the included angle can be determined by connecting the bearing The angle dial is directly read out.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) Simple structure, easy to disassemble and carry.

(2) The measurement is convenient and efficient, and the accuracy is reliable. The slope angle is self-adaptive. After the fixed pole is vertical, the slope will be displayed on the dial. It can be read directly, and the error is small, and the operation can be completed by one person.

(3) It is less affected by external conditions such as magnetic field and weather.

(4) It can adapt to small terrain and can measure the detailed information of the slope.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an angle-adaptive slope measuring instrument

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the fixed rod

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the level

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connecting bearing

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the measuring bar

Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the angle adaptive slope measuring instrument

In the figure: 1 is the fixed rod, 2 is the level, 3 is the connecting bearing, 4 is the measuring bar, 3a is the reverse protection device, 3b is the angle dial, 4a is the fixing bolt, 4b is the angle indicator needle

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Figure 1, the angle adaptive slope measuring instrument is mainly composed of four parts: a fixed rod (1), a level (2), a connecting bearing (3), and a measuring cross bar (4).

As shown in Figure 2, the fixed rod (1) is mainly composed of a horizontal rod and a vertical rod, the horizontal rod provides control, the vertical rod ensures verticality, and the lower end of the vertical rod is tapered to facilitate insertion into the soil.

As shown in Figure 3, a spherical vial (2) is fixed on the middle and upper part of the fixed rod (1), and the plane of the level is perpendicular to the fixed rod.

As shown in Figure 4, the connecting bearing (3) is a hollow sleeve, and the bore diameter of the sleeve is slightly larger than that of the fixed rod, so that the connecting bearing can move freely on the fixed rod, so as to ensure that the measuring crossbar (4) can be close to the ground. One side of the tube is connected to a dial (3b) with a maximum measurement range of 90 degrees, and there is a raised direction protection device (3a) on the lower left side of the dial to ensure that the instrument will automatically alarm when the installation is reversed.

As shown in Figure 5, the measuring crossbar (4) is made of light aluminum alloy material, with a length of 120cm. There is a vertical indicator needle (4b) at the top for indicating the reading, and the crossbar is connected with the connecting bearing through bolts (4a).

The principle of the angle-adaptive slope measuring instrument is shown in Figure 6. During field measurement, the measuring cross bar is placed close to the ground, and the fixed bar is adjusted to be vertical with a level. Line b is parallel, then it can be deduced that ∠β=∠γ, and ∠α+∠β=90°, ∠θ+∠γ=90°, then the ground slope angle θ is equal to the angle α formed by the pointer of the measuring rod and the fixed rod, The slope of the slope can be obtained by measuring the angle α.

The steps of using the angle-adaptive slope measuring instrument are as follows: first, place the connecting bearing and measuring bar connected together on the slope to be measured, then pass the fixed rod through the bushing of the connecting bearing, insert it into the slope, and adjust the level Make the bubble of the level in the center. At this time, the dial degree indicated by the indicator needle on the measuring cross bar is the slope of the slope to be measured.

Claims (5)

1. Angle adaptive slope measuring instrument, including four parts: fixed rod, level, connecting bearing, and measuring cross bar. Adaptive to the slope of the slope. 2. The angle adaptive slope measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed rod is composed of a horizontal rod and a vertical rod, the horizontal rod provides control, the vertical rod is guaranteed to be vertical, and the lower end of the vertical rod is tapered, Easy to insert into the soil. 3. The angle adaptive gradient measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the level is located at the middle and upper part of the fixed rod, the plane of the level is perpendicular to the fixed rod, and when the bubble of the level is in the middle, the fixed rod and the fixed rod The horizontal plane is vertical and provides the reference for slope measurements. 4. The angle self-adaptive slope measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting bearing is a hollow sleeve, and the aperture of the sleeve is slightly larger than the fixed rod, so that the connecting bearing can move freely on the fixed rod, To ensure that the measuring crossbar can be close to the ground, a dial with a maximum measuring range of 90 degrees is connected to one side of the casing. There is a raised direction protection device on the lower left side of the dial to ensure that the instrument automatically Call the police. 5. The angle self-adaptive slope measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the measuring crossbar is made of light aluminum alloy, with a length of 120cm, and a vertical indicator pin on the top for indicating the reading, and the crossbar Connected to the connecting bearing by bolts.

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