CN103090850A

CN103090850A - Angle self-adaptive gradient measurement instrument

Info

Publication number: CN103090850A
Application number: CN2012105366602A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡云华; 贺秀斌; 张一澜; 鲍玉海; 郭丰; 唐强; 钟荣华
Original assignee: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment IMHE of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment IMHE of CAS
Priority date: 2012-12-13
Filing date: 2012-12-13
Publication date: 2013-05-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope gradient measurement instrument which comprises a fixed rod, a leveling device, a connecting bearing and a measuring cross rod, wherein the connecting bearing is connected with the fixed rod, the leveling device and the measuring cross rod. The instrument is self-adaptive to the gradient of a slope through a mechanical structure, and the gradient value of the slope is obtained according to a vertical datum provided by the leveling device. The slope gradient measurement instrument has the multiple advantages of simplicity and convenience in use, small interference of external disturbance, and the like.

Description

Angle self-adaptation gradient measurer

Technical field

The invention belongs to topographical surveying instrument field, specifically a kind of meter for measuring gradient of inclined plane.

Background technology

The measurement of the gradient is the important means of obtaining topography and geomorphology information, ground inclination is engineering construction, agricultural production, soil erosion assessment and the important parameter of administering, utilize traditional total powerstation, transit that the gradient is measured, although precision is higher, but instrument is heavy, and complex operation is measured efficient lower, and domatic measurement that can only be larger to area, measurement result can't reflect domatic details.Although and utilize carrying of the measurement means instruments such as compass, surveyor's staff more convenient, measuring error is larger, affected by the external environments such as magnetic field, humidity.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiency of traditional slope measuring equipment and method, the invention provides a kind of slope measuring instrument of inclined-plane, that this instrument has is simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, substantially be not subjected to ectocine, can adapt to the advantages such as various environment.

The objective of the invention is to be realized by following design: device mainly comprises fixed bar, level, connection bearing, 4 parts of measurement cross bar, and level is fixed on fixed bar, and connection bearing couples together fixed bar and measurement cross bar.When carrying out field survey, to measure cross bar is adjacent to be measured domatic, after level on the adjustment fixed bar makes fixed bar perpendicular to surface level, with fixed bar place straight line as hypotenuse, measure on cross bar pointer place straight line as the right-angle triangle of right-angle side just and inclined-plane triangle formation similar triangles, according to similar triangle theory, surface slope just equals to measure cross bar place straight line and measures the angle of the pointer place straight line on cross bar, and the size of this angle can directly read out by the angle dial on connection bearing.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) simple in structure, dismounting, easy to carry.

(2) measure convenient and efficient, precision is reliable.Domatic angle self-adaptation, fixed bar is vertical after, the gradient has just shown on index dial, direct reading gets final product, error is less, a people gets final product complete operation.

(3) be subjected to the external conditions such as magnetic field, weather to affect less.

(4) ninor feature can be adapted to, domatic detailed information can be recorded.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of angle self-adaptation gradient measurer

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of fixed bar

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of level

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of connection bearing

Fig. 5 is for measuring the schematic diagram of cross bar

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of angle self-adaptation gradient measurer

In figure: 1 is that fixed bar, 2 is that level, 3 is that connection bearing, 4 is that measurement cross bar, 3a are that reverse protection device, 3b are that angle dial, 4a are that set bolt, 4b are the angle pointer

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:

As shown in Figure 1, angle self-adaptation gradient measurer mainly is comprised of fixed bar (1), level (2), connection bearing (3), (4) four parts of measurement cross bar.

As shown in Figure 2, fixed bar (1) mainly is comprised of cross bar and montant, and cross bar provides to be controlled, and montant guarantees vertical, and the montant lower end is tapered, is convenient to insert soil.

As shown in Figure 3, a spherical level (2) is fixed in fixed bar (1) middle and upper part, and the level plane is vertical with fixed bar, and when bubble was placed in the middle, fixed bar was vertical with level surface, for slope measuring provides benchmark.

As shown in Figure 4; connection bearing (3) is a hollow bushing; the sleeve pipe aperture is slightly larger than fixed bar; make connection bearing can be on fixed bar freely movable; can close proximity to ground guarantee to measure cross bar (4), sleeve pipe one side connects the index dial (3b) of maximum ranging 90 degree, and index dial lower-left side has the high-frequency orientation protector (3a) of a projection; to guarantee in the situation that install reverse, the instrument automatic alarm.

As shown in Figure 5, measuring cross bar (4) is the light aluminum alloy texture material, length 120cm, and the top has a vertical pointer (4b) to be used to indicate reading, and cross bar is connected with connection bearing by bolt (4a).

The principle of angle self-adaptation gradient measurer as shown in Figure 6, when carrying out field survey, to measure cross bar and be adjacent to ground, after being adjusted to fixed bar vertically with level, sounding rod place straight line a is parallel with the normal b of geoid surface, can release ∠ β=∠ γ, ∠ α+∠ β=90 ° again, ∠ θ+∠ γ=90 °, ground inclination angle θ equals the angle α that sounding rod pointer and fixed bar form, and measures the gradient size that angle α both can obtain the inclined-plane.

The use step of angle self-adaptation gradient measurer is: at first connection bearing and the measurement cross bar that links together is placed on will measure domatic, then fixed bar is passed the sleeve pipe of connection bearing, insert domatic, adjust level, make bubble placed in the middle, measure that on cross bar, the indicated index dial number of degrees of pointer are the domatic gradient to be measured this moment.

Claims

1. angle self-adaptation gradient measurer, comprise fixed bar, level, connection bearing, 4 parts of measurement cross bar, it is characterized in that: connection bearing is connected and fixed bar, level and measurement cross bar simultaneously, realizes that by physical construction instrument is to the self-adaptation of the gradient on inclined-plane.

2. angle self-adaptation gradient measurer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fixed bar is comprised of cross bar and montant, and cross bar provides to be controlled, and montant guarantees vertical, and the montant lower end is tapered, is convenient to insert soil.

3. angle self-adaptation gradient measurer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described level is positioned at the middle and upper part of fixed bar, and the level plane is vertical with fixed bar, when bubble is placed in the middle, fixed bar is vertical with level surface, for slope measuring provides benchmark.

4. angle self-adaptation gradient measurer according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described connection bearing is a hollow bushing; the sleeve pipe aperture is slightly larger than fixed bar; make connection bearing can be on fixed bar freely movable; can close proximity to ground guarantee to measure cross bar, sleeve pipe one side connects the index dial of maximum ranging 90 degree, and index dial lower-left side has the high-frequency orientation protector of a projection; to guarantee in the situation that install reverse, the instrument automatic alarm.

5. angle self-adaptation gradient measurer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described measurement cross bar is the light aluminum alloy quality, length 120cm, the top has a vertical pointer to be used to indicate reading, and cross bar is connected with connection bearing by bolt.