CN112484698A - Device for rapidly and synchronously measuring bank slope angle and slope height of river channel and using method - Google Patents
Device for rapidly and synchronously measuring bank slope angle and slope height of river channel and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112484698A CN112484698A CN202011302312.XA CN202011302312A CN112484698A CN 112484698 A CN112484698 A CN 112484698A CN 202011302312 A CN202011302312 A CN 202011302312A CN 112484698 A CN112484698 A CN 112484698A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the slope height of a river channel and a using method thereof, wherein the device comprises: the device comprises a telescopic distance measuring rod, a handheld fixing rod, an angle measurer, a laser distance measuring instrument, a first bidirectional clamping ring and a second bidirectional clamping ring; the telescopic distance measuring rod is in threaded connection or separation with the handheld fixed rod, the angle measuring device is buckled and fixed with the handheld fixed rod through a first bidirectional snap ring, and the laser distance measuring device is buckled and fixed with the handheld fixed rod through a second bidirectional snap ring. According to the device, the angle measurer reads the angle, so that the bank slope angle of the river channel can be rapidly measured, the distance from the bank shoulder to the slope toe is measured by combining the laser range finder or the telescopic range finding rod, the bank slope height of the river channel can be rapidly and synchronously obtained, and the problems that the bank slope height of the river channel cannot be measured under unfavorable terrain conditions and the measurement work efficiency is low are effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bank slope surveying and mapping technology, in particular to a device for rapidly and synchronously measuring a bank slope angle and a bank slope height of a river channel and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, the investment of national water conservancy infrastructure is large, the project of river regulation and flood control is more, and in the early stage of survey design, the bank slope angle and the slope height of the river are important indexes for bank slope stability evaluation analysis and bank slope stability classification, so that the two key data need to be found out in time in the bank slope field investigation or geological mapping process. Based on the current engineering geological exploration means, specific terrain conditions of a river channel and the like, the method finds out that the slope angle and the slope height of a river channel bank slope have certain limitations or survey work efficiency is low, for example, when different geologists measure the slope angle and the slope height, the slope angle and the slope height can be greatly entered or exited or cannot be actually measured due to visual angle errors, specific terrain conditions and the like, and particularly when bank slope angle classification is carried out on slope angle intervals of 0-15 degrees, 15-25 degrees, 25 degrees and the like, the deviation from the actual situation is large, misleading is caused to engineering geological stability evaluation analysis of the bank slope, and even an error conclusion is obtained; when measuring bank slope height in the field, geologists generally use a steel tape (or a tape), but have great limitation, for example, in a bank slope zone where shrubs are relatively developed, the steel tape (or the tape) is difficult to extend into a slope toe, another geologists need to go down to the slope toe for auxiliary measurement, the efficiency is low, and the bank slope toe which is just in water has great safety risk or cannot go down to the slope toe; although the bank slope height can be calculated and obtained in an actually measured topographic map, the bank slope height is limited by factors such as specific topographic conditions and the like, particularly in a river section with rapid water level fluctuation, the bank slope height calculated in the measured large-scale topographic map may still have a certain error with the actual bank slope height, and even if an error conclusion is obtained, the designed engineering quantity and the actual quantity have larger difference, and a larger risk is brought to the design work. If two key data of the bank slope angle and the slope height can be quickly checked in time on a field investigation site, a solid foundation is laid for the evaluation of the bank slope stability current situation, the field investigation working efficiency is greatly improved, and meanwhile, inaccurate or even wrong parts in a topographic map can be found in time. The research and development of the device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the slope height of the river channel has great engineering practice significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the bank height of a river channel and a using method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the slope angle and the slope height of a river channel bank slope comprises a telescopic distance measuring rod, a handheld fixed rod, an angle measurer, a laser distance meter, a first bidirectional clamping ring and a second bidirectional clamping ring; the telescopic distance measuring rod is in threaded connection or separation with the handheld fixed rod, the angle measuring device is buckled and fixed with the handheld fixed rod through a first bidirectional snap ring, and the laser distance measuring device is buckled and fixed with the handheld fixed rod through a second bidirectional snap ring.
According to the scheme, the telescopic ranging rod is connected with or separated from the thread on the inner side of the front end of the handheld fixed rod through the thread on the outer side of the tail end.
According to the scheme, the telescopic ranging rod is a hollow rod which is marked with scales and can be extended and shortened, the scales are sequentially increased from the starting end to the tail end, and the measuring range is 10 m.
According to the scheme, the handheld fixing rod is a hollow rod with the length of 50 cm.
According to the scheme, the range of the laser range finder is 50 m.
According to the scheme, the angle measurer comprises a dial, a pointer shaft, a scale needle and a cylindrical fixed shaft; the angle measurer is characterized in that a cylindrical fixed shaft of the angle measurer is buckled and fixed with a handheld fixed rod through a first bidirectional snap ring, the dial is connected with the cylindrical fixed shaft, the pointer shaft is assembled on the dial, and the scale needle is hung on the pointer shaft.
According to the scheme, in the angle measurer, the dial is in a quarter circle shape, the scale ranges from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, the minimum scale ranges from 1 degree, the 0-degree scale direction is perpendicular to the trend of the telescopic distance measuring rod, and the 90-degree scale direction is parallel to the trend of the telescopic distance measuring rod; the pointer shaft is fixed at the intersection of the 0-degree scale and the 90-degree scale extension lines of the angle measurer; the cylindrical fixed shaft is positioned on the outer side of the 90-degree scale side edge of the angle measurer and is buckled with the first bidirectional snap ring.
According to the scheme, the angle measurer further comprises a rubber plug for preventing the scale needle from sliding off and sliding laterally, and the rubber plug is inserted on the pointer shaft.
According to the scheme, the telescopic distance measuring rod is an epoxy resin rod.
According to the scheme, the bidirectional clamp ring and the rubber plug are made of plastic materials.
According to the scheme, the dial, the pointer shaft, the scale needle and the cylindrical fixed shaft are all made of stainless steel.
A use method of a device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the slope height of a river channel comprises the following steps:
1) measuring the slope height by using a laser range finder, rotating the laser range finder to enable the laser range finder to be tightly attached to the bank shoulder through a second bidirectional snap ring, and measuring the distance h from the bank shoulder to the slope toe by using the laser range finder1The reading indicated by the pointer of the scale pointer is the bank slope angle alpha of the river channel, and the bank slope height H is H1×sinα；
2) When the telescopic distance measuring rod is used for measuring the slope height during measurement, the telescopic distance measuring rod can be screwed up and connected with the handheld fixed rod, the telescopic distance measuring rod is gradually extended until the front edge starting point of the telescopic distance measuring rod abuts against the slope foot, the rod body of the telescopic distance measuring rod is attached to the slope surface of the bank slope and leans against the bank shoulder, the rod body is generally perpendicular to the direction of the bank shoulder, the tail end of the rod is empty so as to observe the reading on the dial, the scale needle freely and vertically falls under the action of dead weight, the reading shown by the stable back pointer is the bank slope angle alpha of the river channel, and the scale number of the telescopic distance measuring rod at the bank shoulder position is the bank slope2H is the bank slope height2×sinα。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. but through this device angular surveying ware reading rapid survey river course bank slope angle, effectively solved the unable actual measurement river course bank slope angle of geology personnel under unfavorable terrain condition to and because of artificial visual angle error lead to and there is great discrepancy scheduling problem with actual bank slope angle.
2. The distance from the bank shoulder to the slope toe is measured through the laser range finder or the telescopic range finding rod, the river bank slope height can be rapidly and synchronously obtained according to the measured river bank slope angle and the trigonometric function relation, and the problems that the river bank slope height cannot be measured under adverse terrain conditions and the measuring work efficiency is low are effectively solved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a device for rapidly and synchronously measuring a bank slope angle and a bank height of a river according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the telescopic ranging pole in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an angle measurer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a pointer shaft, a scale needle and a rubber plug in the embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1-a telescopic distance measuring rod; 2-an angle measurer; 21-a dial scale; 22-pointer shaft; 23-a cylindrical stationary shaft; 24-a graduated needle; 25-a rubber plug; 3-a first bidirectional snap ring; 4-holding the fixed rod; 5-laser range finder; 6-second bidirectional clasp.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the slope height of a river channel comprises a telescopic distance measuring rod 1, a handheld fixing rod 4, an angle measurer 2, a laser distance measuring instrument, a first bidirectional clamp ring 3 and a second bidirectional clamp ring 6;
the telescopic distance measuring rod 1 and the handheld fixing rod 4 are screwed or unscrewed through threads at the end parts of the telescopic distance measuring rod 1 and the handheld fixing rod 4, namely the telescopic distance measuring rod 1 is connected with or separated from a thread at the inner side of the front end of the handheld fixing rod 4 through a thread at the outer side of the tail end; as shown in fig. 2, the telescopic distance measuring rod is a hollow rod marked with scales and capable of extending and shortening, the scales are sequentially enlarged from the starting end to the tail end, and the measuring range is 10 m. The hand-held fixing rod is a hollow rod with the length of 50 cm.
The angle measuring device 2 is buckled with the handheld fixed rod 4 through the first bidirectional clamping ring 3, and the laser range finder is buckled with the handheld fixed rod 4 through the second bidirectional clamping ring 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the goniometer 2 includes a dial 21, a pointer shaft 22, a cylindrical fixed shaft 23, a dial needle 24, and a rubber plug 25.
The cylindrical fixed shaft of the angle measurer is buckled and fixed with the handheld fixed rod through the first bidirectional snap ring, the dial is connected with the cylindrical fixed shaft, the pointer shaft is assembled on the dial, the scale needle is hung on the pointer shaft, and the rubber plug is inserted in the pointer shaft and used for preventing the scale needle from sliding off laterally, as shown in fig. 4.
In the angle measurer, a dial is in a quarter circle shape, scales are from 0 degree to 90 degrees, the minimum scale is 1 degree, the scale direction of 0 degree is vertical to the trend of the telescopic distance measuring rod, and the scale direction of 90 degree is parallel to the trend of the telescopic distance measuring rod; the pointer shaft is fixed at the intersection of the 0-degree scale and the 90-degree scale extension lines of the angle measurer; the cylindrical fixed shaft is positioned outside the 90-degree scale side edge of the angle measurer and is buckled with the bidirectional snap ring.
The flexible range finding pole is the epoxy material, and it is lighter to measure the in-process and carry, and just indeformable deformation, can contract portable when not using. The bidirectional snap ring and the rubber plug are made of plastic materials. The dial, the pointer shaft, the scale needle and the cylindrical fixed shaft are all made of stainless steel.
The use method of the device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the slope height of the river channel comprises the following steps:
during open-air geological survey, arrange scale needle 24 in pointer axle 22 earlier, then arrange in pointer axle 22 with plug 25 on, can not sidesway the landing when guaranteeing that scale needle 24 can freely dangle, detain mutually and be fixed in the end of handheld dead lever 4 with angle measurement ware 2 with two-way snap ring 3, detain mutually and be fixed in the front end of handheld dead lever 4 with handheld dead lever 4 and laser range finder 5 with two-way snap ring 6.
In general, the slope height can be measured by using the laser range finder 5, the laser range finder 5 is rotated by the bidirectional snap ring 6 to be closely attached to the bank shoulder, when the laser range finder 5 measures the distance H from the bank shoulder to the slope toe, the reading indicated by the pointer of the scale pointer 24 is the river bank slope angle α, and the bank slope height H is H × sin α.
When the telescopic distance measuring rod 1 is used for measuring the slope height, the telescopic distance measuring rod can be screwed up and connected with the handheld fixing rod, the telescopic distance measuring rod 1 is gradually extended until the starting point of the front edge abuts against the slope foot, the rod body of the telescopic distance measuring rod 1 is attached to the slope surface of a bank slope and leans against the bank shoulder, the rod body is generally perpendicular to the direction of the bank shoulder, the tail end of the rod is empty so as to observe the reading on the dial plate 21, the scale needle 24 freely and vertically falls under the action of self weight, and the reading shown by the stable back pointer is the slope angle alpha of the bank slope of the river channel. The scale number of the telescopic distance measuring rod 1 at the bank shoulder position is the bank slope distance H, and the bank slope height H is H multiplied by sin alpha.
The device can rapidly and synchronously measure the slope angle and the slope height of the river bank slope through the reading of the angle measurer, the laser range finder or the telescopic distance measuring rod in the field geological mapping work of the river bank slope, and effectively solves the problems of inconvenient measurement of the slope angle of the river bank slope by geological workers under adverse terrain conditions, large artificial error, high difficulty in measuring the slope height, low working efficiency and the like.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the slope angle and the slope height of a river channel bank slope is characterized by comprising a telescopic distance measuring rod, a handheld fixed rod, an angle measurer, a laser distance measuring instrument, a first bidirectional clamping ring and a second bidirectional clamping ring; the telescopic distance measuring rod is in threaded connection or separation with the handheld fixed rod, the angle measuring device is buckled and fixed with the handheld fixed rod through a first bidirectional snap ring, and the laser distance measuring device is buckled and fixed with the handheld fixed rod through a second bidirectional snap ring.
2. The device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the bank slope height of the river channel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the telescopic distance measuring rod is connected with or separated from the thread on the inner side of the front end of the hand-held fixed rod through the thread on the outer side of the tail end.
3. The device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the slope height of the river channel according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic distance measuring rod is a hollow rod which is marked with scales and can be extended and shortened, the scales are sequentially increased from a starting end to a tail end, and the measuring range is 10 m.
4. The device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the bank slope height of the river channel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hand-held fixing rod is a hollow rod with a length of 50 cm.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the range of the laser range finder is 50 m.
6. The device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the bank slope height of the river channel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle measurer comprises a dial, a pointer shaft, a scale needle and a cylindrical fixed shaft; the angle measurer is characterized in that a cylindrical fixed shaft of the angle measurer is buckled and fixed with a handheld fixed rod through a first bidirectional snap ring, the dial is connected with the cylindrical fixed shaft, the pointer shaft is assembled on the dial, and the scale needle is hung on the pointer shaft.
7. The device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the bank slope height of the river channel as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the angle measuring device, the dial is a quarter circle, the scale is from 0 ° to 90 °, the minimum scale is 1 °, the scale direction of 0 ° is perpendicular to the trend of the telescopic distance measuring rod, and the scale direction of 90 ° is parallel to the trend of the telescopic distance measuring rod; the pointer shaft is fixed at the intersection of the 0-degree scale and the 90-degree scale extension lines of the angle measurer; the cylindrical fixed shaft is positioned on the outer side of the 90-degree scale side edge of the angle measurer and is buckled with the first bidirectional snap ring.
8. The device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the slope angle and the slope height of the river bank slope according to claim 1, wherein the angle measurer further comprises a rubber plug for preventing the scale needle from sliding off and shifting, and the rubber plug is inserted on the pointer shaft.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the telescopic distance measuring rod is an epoxy rod.
10. The use method of the device for rapidly and synchronously measuring the bank slope angle and the bank height of the river channel according to claim 7 comprises the following steps:
1) measuring the slope height by using a laser range finder, rotating the laser range finder to enable the laser range finder to be tightly attached to the bank shoulder through a second bidirectional snap ring, and measuring the distance h from the bank shoulder to the slope toe by using the laser range finder1The reading indicated by the pointer of the scale pointer is the bank slope angle alpha of the river channel, and the bank slope height H is H1×sinα；
2) When the telescopic distance measuring rod is used for measuring the slope height during measurement, the telescopic distance measuring rod can be screwed up and connected with the handheld fixed rod, the telescopic distance measuring rod is gradually extended until the front edge starting point of the telescopic distance measuring rod abuts against the slope foot, the rod body of the telescopic distance measuring rod is attached to the slope surface of the bank slope and leans against the bank shoulder, the rod body is generally perpendicular to the direction of the bank shoulder, the tail end of the rod is empty so as to observe the reading on the dial, the scale needle freely and vertically falls under the action of dead weight, the reading shown by the stable back pointer is the bank slope angle alpha of the river channel, and the scale number of the telescopic distance measuring rod at the bank shoulder position is the bank slope2H is the bank slope height2×sinα。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011302312.XA CN112484698A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Device for rapidly and synchronously measuring bank slope angle and slope height of river channel and using method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011302312.XA CN112484698A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Device for rapidly and synchronously measuring bank slope angle and slope height of river channel and using method |
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| CN112484698A true CN112484698A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011302312.XA Pending CN112484698A (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Device for rapidly and synchronously measuring bank slope angle and slope height of river channel and using method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103090850A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-05-08 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Angle self-adaptive gradient measurement instrument |
| CN209763951U (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-12-10 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Portable corn ear position and plant height character measuring device |
| CN209764101U (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-12-10 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Multifunctional field survey tool |
| CN211904120U (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-11-10 | 南京林业大学 | Slope measuring instrument suitable for field investigation of soil and water conservation |
| CN214039903U (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-08-24 | 长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司（武汉） | Device for rapidly and synchronously measuring bank slope angle and slope height of river channel |
-
2020
- 2020-11-19 CN CN202011302312.XA patent/CN112484698A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103090850A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-05-08 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Angle self-adaptive gradient measurement instrument |
| CN209763951U (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-12-10 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Portable corn ear position and plant height character measuring device |
| CN209764101U (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-12-10 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Multifunctional field survey tool |
| CN211904120U (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-11-10 | 南京林业大学 | Slope measuring instrument suitable for field investigation of soil and water conservation |
| CN214039903U (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-08-24 | 长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司（武汉） | Device for rapidly and synchronously measuring bank slope angle and slope height of river channel |
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Application publication date: 20210312 |
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