CN103078526B - Current source type rectifier and grid-connected control method based on virtual resistor - Google Patents

Current source type rectifier and grid-connected control method based on virtual resistor Download PDF

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CN103078526B
CN103078526B CN201310005770.0A CN201310005770A CN103078526B CN 103078526 B CN103078526 B CN 103078526B CN 201310005770 A CN201310005770 A CN 201310005770A CN 103078526 B CN103078526 B CN 103078526B
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current
voltage
virtual resistance
omega
microprocessor
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CN103078526A (en
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张宇
易永仙
匡金华
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Co Ltd
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/074401 priority patent/WO2014107938A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4233—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a current source type PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) rectifier and a grid-connected control method based on a virtual resistor. A grid-connected rectifier consists of commercial power, an alternating-current filtering inductor, an alternating-current filtering capacitor, a three-phase current source type rectifier, a direct-current inductor, a direct-current capacitor and a digital controller. Sampled alternating-current filtering capacitance voltage is transmitted to a microprocessor to perform digital phase locking, and after phase locking is finished, the alternating-current filtering capacitance voltage and phase are transmitted to an alternating-current controller. The alternating-current controller consists of a coordinate converter, a virtual impedance regulator and a divider. The coordinate converter converts the three-phase alternating-current filtering capacitance voltage into the voltage under a two-phase static coordinate system, after the voltage is regulated by the virtual resistance regulator, current passing through a virtual resistor is obtained, control amount of the alternating-current side is obtained through the divider, the control amount is superposed on the control amount on the direct-current side, a driving signal obtained through a PWM generator is transmitted to a driving plate, and after the signal is amplified by the driving plate, the connection and disconnection of a three-phase current source type rectifying bridge switch are controlled. The control effect of the virtual resistance regulator in the alternating-current controller is equivalent to the control effect that a resistor is directly connected in parallel on an alternating-current capacitor, so that oscillation can be effectively damped, loss is not caused, and ultraharmonics in grid-connected current can be effectively inhibited. The rectifier is high in dynamic response speed, stable in dynamic response and high in power factor, the total harmonic distortion rate of the grid-connected current is low, and the method can be applied to an uninterruptible power supply.

Description

Based on current source type rectifier and the grid-connected control method of virtual resistance
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current source type rectifier steady to control and the control method realizing low grid-connected current total harmonic distortion factor, belong to the field of Rectifier.
Background technology
Traditional ups power adopts phase controlled rectifier usually, and DC bus-bar voltage is about 400V.But because its power factor is low, large to electric network pollution, gradually replace by the high-frequency PWM rectifier based on full control device.High-frequency PWM rectifier is divided into voltage-source type and current source type two kinds, DC bus-bar voltage wherein required for current source type PWM rectifier is lower than the peak-to-peak value of AC voltage, therefore when DC bus-bar voltage is about 400V, can under the prerequisite keeping existing DC bus-bar voltage and rear class inverter by current source type PWM converter, complete the upgrading work of UPS with lower cost, and be also good selection for the high power UPS of a new generation.
Because current source type rectifier AC uses inductance capacitor filtering, easily produce resonance at AC, affect the waveform of grid-connected current and may shutdown be caused.Relative to voltage-source type rectifier, the transient model exponent number of current source type rectifier is high, coupling is strong, and has nonlinear feature, and the Direct Current Control and the current indirect control that are usually used in voltage-source type rectifier are difficult to directly apply on current source rectifier.Nonlinear control method solves the problem of the non-linear close coupling of current source type rectifier in theory well, can carry out damping by closed-loop control to AC, but control performance is strong to the dependence of system parameters, responsive to Parameters variation, and realizes complicated.
In theory, on ac filter electric capacity, the mode of parallel resistance suppresses the most simple and efficient mode of vibration, but can produce power consumption and cannot practical application due to resistance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, on the basis of current source type rectifier DC side closed-loop control, the a kind of of proposition realizes the active damping control technology of virtual resistance at AC by the FEEDBACK CONTROL of of ac, effectively can suppress the resonance that Inductor capacitive filter occurs, and reduce the total harmonic distortion factor of grid-connected current, and do not affect stability and the dynamic response characteristic of DC side.
Current source type rectifier based on virtual resistance of the present invention is made up of rectifier bridge, microprocessor and rectifier bridge power device driver element, and described rectifier bridge is connected with microprocessor is communicated by rectifier bridge power device driver element; The AC of described rectifier bridge is configured with ac filter inductance, ac filter electric capacity and AC voltage sensor successively; DC inductance, DC voltage-stabilizing electric capacity, direct voltage detecting unit and direct current detection unit is configured with in the DC side of rectifier bridge.
Phase-locked loop, DC voltage controller, AC current control device, adder and space vector PWM pulse generate unit is equipped with successively in described microprocessor.
Coordinate transformation unit, d axle virtual resistance adjuster, q axle virtual resistance adjuster and divider is had in described AC current control device.
Further, described virtual resistance adjuster comprises high pass filter and virtual conductance link.
The current source type rectifying device based on virtual resistance described in utilization realizes suppressing resonance and the control method reducing grid-connected current total harmonic distortion factor is:
The first step: rectifier powers on after start, microprocessor locking pulse, the AC voltage sensor senses ac filter capacitance voltage u of rectifier bridge a, u band u c, after this voltage of microprocessor samples, it is carried out to the phase place of phase-locked acquisition ac filter capacitance voltage;
Second step: the direct voltage detecting unit of rectifier bridge DC side and direct current detection unit inspection DC voltage and electric current, after microprocessor is sampled to this voltage and current, by itself and the given u of direct voltage refas the input of microprocessor internal DC voltage controller, calculate the controlled quentity controlled variable of DC side.The computational methods of controlled quentity controlled variable are as follows:
u err＝u ref-u o(1)
v o = v otemp + ω n 3 L dc C dc 311 T s u err - - - ( 2 )
u dc = v o - 2.2 ω n 2 L dc C dc - 1 311 u o - 1.9 ω n L dc 311 i dc - - - ( 3 )
V in formula oand v otempfor the intermediate variable in computational process, T sfor sample frequency, L dc, C dcbe respectively DC inductance and DC voltage-stabilizing capacitance, ω nfor the undamped oscillation frequency of improved DC side system, general value is more slightly larger than the resonance frequency of DC side inductance capacitance.
3rd step: the coordinate transformation unit in AC current control device by coordinate transform by the ac filter capacitance voltage u under three-phase static coordinate system a, u band u cbe transformed to the voltage u under two-phase rotating coordinate system dand u q, u dand u qaccount form be:
u d u q = 2 3 sin ( ωt ) sin ( ωt - 2 3 π ) sin ( ωt + 2 3 π ) cos ( ωt ) cos ( ωt - 2 3 π ) cos ( ωt + 2 3 π ) u a u b u c - - - ( 4 )
Then by u d, u qrespectively as the input of d axle and q axle virtual impedance adjuster, described d axle and q axle virtual resistance adjuster are all by high pass filter s/ (s+ ω hP) and conductance link 1/R hform, wherein ω hPfor the corner frequency of high pass filter, R hfor need to realize with the virtual resistance of ac filter Capacitance parallel connection, in microprocessor, the digital algorithm of d axle and q axle virtual resistance adjuster realizes being respectively:
I dDamp ( k ) = 2 u d ( k ) - 2 u d ( k - 1 ) + ( 2 - ω HP T s ) I dDamp ( k - 1 ) ( 2 + ω HP T s ) R H - - - ( 5 )
I qDamp ( k ) = 2 u q ( k ) - 2 u q ( k - 1 ) + ( 2 - ω HP T s ) I qDamp ( k - 1 ) ( 2 + ω HP T s ) R H - - - ( 6 )
Wherein u d(k), u qk () is respectively the input of d axle and the current bat of q axle virtual resistance adjuster; dDamp(k), I qDampk () is the output of the current bat of virtual resistance adjuster; u d(k-1), u q(k-1) be an input of clapping on virtual resistance adjuster, initial value is 0; I dDamp(k-1), I qDamp(k-1) be an output of clapping on virtual resistance adjuster, initial value is 0; T sfor sampling interval duration, the output of virtual resistance adjuster just obtains controlled quentity controlled variable through divider divided by after DC bus current.
4th step: AC controlled quentity controlled variable is added with DC side controlled quentity controlled variable by adder, space vector PWM pulse is produced through space vector PWM pulse generate unit after obtaining master control amount, pulse blocking removed by microprocessor, the pwm pulse that microprocessor exports controls the break-make of each pipe of rectifier bridge after rectifier bridge power device driver element amplifies, along with the slowly rising of given voltage, rectifying device smooth starting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention do not increase hardware cost, do not waste energy prerequisite under, propose current source type rectifier and suppress resonance and the control method reducing grid-connected current total harmonic distortion factor, by above-mentioned digital control algorithm, be equivalent to a resistance in parallel on AC electric capacity, thus effectively can suppress the resonance of Inductor electric capacity, and reduce the total harmonic distortion factor of grid-connected current, and do not affect stability and the dynamic response characteristic of DC side, it is convenient to control, successful.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the current source type rectifying device simplified electrical circuit diagram based on virtual resistance;
Fig. 2 is current source type rectifying device main circuit part;
Fig. 3 is the control block diagram using virtual resistance to carry out active damping;
Fig. 4 uses the whole device schematic diagram of the current source type of passive damping;
Fig. 5 is the whole device schematic diagram of current source type using virtual resistance;
In figure: 1, rectifier bridge; 2, ac filter electric capacity; 3, AC voltage sensor; 4, ac filter inductance; 5, utility grid; 6, DC inductance; 7, direct current detection unit; 8, DC voltage-stabilizing electric capacity; 9, direct voltage detecting unit; 10, load; 11, microprocessor; 12, rectifier bridge power device driver element; 13, DC voltage controller; 14, phase-locked loop; 15, AC current control device; 16, adder; 17, space vector PWM pulse generate unit; 18, coordinate converter; 19, d axle virtual resistance adjuster; 20, q axle virtual resistance adjuster; 21, divider.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, current source type rectifier based on virtual resistance of the present invention is: be made up of rectifier bridge 1, microprocessor 11 and rectifier bridge power device driver element 12, and described rectifier bridge 1 is connected with microprocessor 11 by rectifier bridge power device driver element 12 and communicates; Configure ac filter electric capacity 2, AC voltage sensor 3 and ac filter inductance 4 successively at the AC of rectifier bridge 1, ac filter inductance 4 is connected with utility grid 5; Be configured with DC inductance 6, direct current detection unit 7, DC voltage-stabilizing electric capacity 8 and direct voltage detecting unit 9 in the DC side of rectifier bridge 1, after DC voltage-stabilizing electric capacity 8, connect load 10.This current source type rectifying device main circuit part as shown in Figure 2.
DC voltage controller 13, phase-locked loop 14, AC current control device 15, adder 16 and space vector PWM pulse generate unit 17 is had in described microprocessor 11.
Coordinate converter 18, d axle virtual resistance adjuster 19, q axle virtual resistance adjuster 20 and divider 21 is had in described alternating-current controller 15.
The method utilizing the current source type rectifier based on virtual resistance of the present invention to realize network control is: rectifier powers on after start, and AC voltage sensor 3, direct current detection unit 7 and direct voltage detecting unit 9 start to detect ac filter capacitance voltage u respectively a, u b, u cand DC bus current and DC bus-bar voltage.The signal that microprocessor 11 pairs of detecting units detect is sampled, and obtains the digital quantity of each signal in microprocessor.Use phase-locked loop 14 couples of ac filter capacitance voltage u a, u band u ccarry out phase-locked, obtain the phase theta of ac filter capacitance voltage.By given to DC bus current, DC bus-bar voltage and direct voltage u refas the input of DC voltage controller 13, calculate the controlled quentity controlled variable of DC side.The computational methods of DC side controlled quentity controlled variable are as shown in (1), (2) and (3) formula.By ac filter capacitance voltage u a, u b, u cwith the input of phase theta as alternating-current controller 15, calculate the controlled quentity controlled variable of AC.DC side controlled quentity controlled variable obtains master control amount with AC controlled quentity controlled variable after adder 16 is added, and using the input of master control amount as space vector PWM pulse generate unit 17, obtains pwm pulse after modulation.Microprocessor 11 starts to export pwm pulse after removing pulse blocking, and pwm pulse controls the break-make of each pipe of rectifier bridge 1 after rectifier bridge power device driver element 12 amplifies, and rectifier is started working.Along with the slowly rising of given voltage, flow directing device smooth starting.
The detailed process that wherein alternating-current controller realizes is: by coordinate converter 18 by the ac filter capacitance voltage u under three-phase static coordinate system a, u band u cbe transformed to the voltage u under two-phase rotating coordinate system dand u q.
By u d, u qrespectively as the input of d axle virtual resistance adjuster 19 and q axle virtual resistance adjuster 20.Use virtual resistance to carry out the control principle block diagram of active damping as shown in Figure 3, the virtual resistance adjuster in figure in dotted line frame is by high pass filter s/ (s+ ω hP) and conductance link 1/R hform, wherein ω hPfor the corner frequency of high pass filter, R hfor need realize with ac filter Capacitance parallel connection virtual resistance.The digital algorithm of virtual resistance adjuster in microprocessor realizes as shown in formula (5) and (6), and its effect to be equivalent on ac filter electric capacity limit an also resistance, as shown in Figure 4.
U in formula d(k), u qk () is the input of the current bat of virtual resistance adjuster; I dDamp(k), I qDampk () is the output of the current bat of virtual resistance adjuster; u d(k-1), u q(k-1) be an input of clapping on virtual resistance adjuster, initial value is 0; I dDamp(k-1), I qDamp(k-1) be an output of clapping on virtual resistance adjuster, initial value is 0; T sfor sampling interval duration.The output of virtual resistance adjuster through divider 21 divided by the controlled quentity controlled variable just obtaining AC after DC bus current.Ac modulation amount controls rectifier bridge switching tube break-make, and brachium pontis flows through additional electric current I kDampk (), as shown in Figure 5, achieves the introducing of virtual resistance.
Scheme of the present invention is on the basis of rectifying device DC side closed-loop control, opened loop control based on active damping is carried out to AC, achieve the suppression of wave filter on AC side resonance and the reduction of grid-connected current total harmonic distortion factor, and do not affect steady-state characteristic and the dynamic response of DC side.

Claims (1)

1. based on the current source type rectifier of virtual resistance, be made up of rectifier bridge, microprocessor and rectifier bridge power device driver element, described rectifier bridge is connected with microprocessor is communicated by rectifier bridge power device driver element; The AC of described rectifier bridge is configured with ac filter inductance, ac filter electric capacity and AC voltage sensor successively; DC inductance, DC voltage-stabilizing electric capacity, direct voltage detecting unit and direct current detection unit is configured with in the DC side of rectifier bridge; Ac filter electric capacity is parallel with virtual resistance;
Phase-locked loop, DC voltage controller, AC current control device, adder and space vector PWM pulse generate unit is equipped with successively in described microprocessor;
Coordinate transformation unit, d axle virtual resistance adjuster, q axle virtual resistance adjuster and divider is had in described AC current control device;
Described virtual resistance adjuster comprises high pass filter and virtual conductance link; It is characterized in that:
Current source type rectifier based on virtual resistance realizes suppressing resonance and the control method reducing grid-connected current total harmonic distortion factor is:
The first step: rectifier powers on after start, microprocessor locking pulse, the AC voltage sensor senses ac filter capacitance voltage u of rectifier bridge a, u band u c, after this voltage of microprocessor samples, it is carried out to the phase place of phase-locked acquisition ac filter capacitance voltage;
Second step: the direct voltage detecting unit of rectifier bridge DC side and direct current detection unit inspection DC voltage u oand current i dc, after microprocessor is sampled to this voltage and current, by itself and the given u of direct voltage refas the input of microprocessor internal DC voltage controller, calculate the controlled quentity controlled variable u of DC side dc, the computational methods of controlled quentity controlled variable are as follows:
u err＝u ref-u o
v o = v otemp + ω n 3 L dc C dc 311 T s u err
u dc = v o - 2.2 ω n 2 L dc C dc - 1 311 u o - 1.9 ω n L dc 311 i dc
V in formula oand v otempfor the intermediate variable in computational process, T sfor sample frequency, L dc, C dcbe respectively DC inductance and DC voltage-stabilizing capacitance, ω nfor the undamped oscillation frequency of improved DC side system, general value is more slightly larger than the resonance frequency of DC side LC;
3rd step: the coordinate transformation unit in AC current control device by coordinate transform by the ac filter capacitance voltage u under three-phase static coordinate system a, u band u cbe transformed to the voltage u under two-phase rotating coordinate system dand u q, u dand u qaccount form be:
u d u q = 2 3 sin ( ωt ) sin ( ωt - 2 3 π ) sin ( ωt + 2 3 π ) cos ( ωt ) cos ( ωt - 2 3 π ) cos ( ωt + 2 3 π ) u a u b u c
Then by u d, u qrespectively as the input of d axle and q axle virtual impedance adjuster, described d axle and q axle virtual resistance adjuster are all by high pass filter s/ (s+ ω hP) and conductance link 1/R hform, wherein ω hPfor the corner frequency of high pass filter, R hfor need to realize with the virtual resistance of ac filter Capacitance parallel connection, in microprocessor, the digital algorithm of d axle and q axle virtual resistance adjuster realizes being respectively:
I dDamp ( k ) = 2 u d ( k ) - 2 u d ( k - 1 ) + ( 2 - ω HP T s ) I dDamp ( k - 1 ) ( 2 + ω HP T s ) R H
I qDamp ( k ) = 2 u q ( k ) - 2 u q ( k - 1 ) + ( 2 - ω HP T s ) I qDamp ( k - 1 ) ( 2 + ω HP T s ) R H
Wherein u d(k), u qk () is respectively the input of d axle and the current bat of q axle virtual resistance adjuster;
I dDamp(k), I qDampk () is the output of the current bat of virtual resistance adjuster; u d(k-1), u q(k-1) be an input of clapping on virtual resistance adjuster, initial value is 0; I dDamp(k-1), I qDamp(k-1) be an output of clapping on virtual resistance adjuster, initial value is 0; T sfor sampling interval duration, the output of virtual resistance adjuster just obtains controlled quentity controlled variable through divider divided by after DC bus current;
4th step: AC controlled quentity controlled variable is added with DC side controlled quentity controlled variable by adder, space vector PWM pulse is produced through space vector PWM pulse generate unit after obtaining master control amount, pulse blocking removed by microprocessor, the pwm pulse that microprocessor exports controls the break-make of each pipe of rectifier bridge after rectifier bridge power device driver element amplifies, along with the slowly rising of given voltage, rectifying device smooth starting;
Wherein: L dcfor DC inductance, C dcfor DC voltage-stabilizing electric capacity, R hfor virtual resistance, u ofor VD, i dcfor DC inductance electric current.
CN201310005770.0A 2013-01-08 2013-01-08 Current source type rectifier and grid-connected control method based on virtual resistor Active CN103078526B (en)

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