CN103073806A - 一种复合膨胀型阻燃剂阻燃通用聚苯乙烯及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种复合膨胀型阻燃剂阻燃通用聚苯乙烯及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及利用酸化4A分子筛协同膨胀型阻燃剂，经过复合阻燃通用聚苯乙烯的制备及应用。依据本发明所制备的复合膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其所需要的特征物质及其质量份数如下：通用聚苯乙烯100份、聚磷酸铵20-30、偶联剂0.1-3份、季戊四醇5-10份、三聚氰胺3-5份、抗氧剂1-3份、阻燃协效剂1-6份。本发明所提供的复合阻燃剂，成本低、环保无毒，应用在通用聚苯乙烯中具有良好的阻燃效果，锥形量热测试热释放速率100kW/m2以内，有效降低燃烧生烟量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及利用膨胀型阻燃剂协同其他化合物，制备成复合阻燃剂，然后应用在通用聚苯乙烯上，使其获得了较好的阻燃性能。
背景技术
传统的通用聚苯乙烯阻燃剂主要分为无机氢氧化物和有机卤代烃两大类，然而无机氢氧化物阻燃剂用量大，损害聚苯乙烯材料的机械性能；有机卤代烃阻燃剂添加量少，但燃烧后生成有毒挥发气体，污染环境，因此在聚苯乙烯中使用绿色膨胀型阻燃剂是本发明的亮点之一。
其次，膨胀型阻燃剂的添加量需要达到一定量才能发挥相应的阻燃作用，为了降低膨胀型阻燃剂用量，提高聚苯乙烯材料机械性能，并降低成本，提高利用率，将改性4A分子筛作为膨胀型阻燃剂的协效剂应用到聚苯乙烯基体中是本发明的亮点之二。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于将4A分子筛经过酸化处理后，协同膨胀型阻燃剂应用在聚苯乙烯中取得了较好的阻燃效果。
本发明所提共的膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯所需要的特征物质组分及其质量份数如下：
通用聚苯乙烯100份、膨胀阻燃体系及协效剂0-30份、偶联剂0-3份、抗氧化剂0-3份。
本发明所提供的膨胀阻燃体系及协效剂特征物质组分及质量份数为：聚磷酸铵0-20份，季戊四醇0-10份，三聚氰胺0-5份，酸化4A分子筛0-6份。
本发明所提供的偶联剂包括硅烷偶联剂（KH550），苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）或以上两种混合物。
本发明所提供的复合膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯制备方法如下：
（1）4A分子筛经干燥，研磨细化至20-50μm后，将4A分子筛与质量分数为10-40%铵盐溶剂按质量比1：10混合，于20-70℃搅拌1-6h，然后干燥，并200-900℃高温煅烧1-5h以备应用；
（2）将通用聚苯乙烯以及抗氧化剂，膨胀阻燃体系及协效剂，偶联剂于高速搅拌机中混合均匀，经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，经烘干即得膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯粒料，其中挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明所提供的膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，成本低廉，无毒环保，制备工艺简单，锥形量热测试热释放速率100kW/m2以内，有效降低燃烧生烟量。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中所指的份数均指质量份数。
4A分子筛的酸化处理：先干燥的4A分子筛粉碎至20-50μm，再将氯化铵溶液（25%）与4A分子筛按质量比1：10混合后于70℃搅拌1-6h，然后干燥并于700℃煅烧4h，密封备用。
范例1：
将通用聚苯乙烯100份、聚磷酸铵20份、季戊四醇5份、酸化4A分子筛3份、SMA1份、抗氧化剂1份，于高速搅拌机中混合均匀，经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，粒料经烘干即得膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其中挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
范例2：
将通用聚苯乙烯100份、聚磷酸铵15份、季戊四醇5份、三聚氰胺5份、酸化4A分子筛2份、SMA1份、抗氧化剂1份于高速搅拌机中混合均匀，经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，粒料经烘干即得膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其中挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
范例3：
将通用聚苯乙烯100份、聚磷酸铵15份、季戊四醇5份、三聚氰胺5份、酸化4A分子筛2份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 1份、抗氧化剂1份于高速搅拌机中混合均匀，经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，粒料经烘干即得膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其中挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
范例4：
将通用聚苯乙烯100份、聚磷酸铵20份、季戊四醇5份、三聚氰胺3份、酸化4A分子筛3份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 1份、SMA1份、抗氧化剂1份于高速搅拌机中混合均匀，经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，粒料经烘干即得膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其中挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
范例5：
将通用聚苯乙烯100份、聚磷酸铵20份、季戊四醇5份、三聚氰胺2份、酸化4A分子筛4份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 1份、SMA1份、抗氧化剂1份于高速搅拌机中混合均匀，经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，粒料经烘干即得膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其中挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
Claims (5)
1.一种膨胀型阻燃剂协同其他化合物复合阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其特征在于包括以下化学物质及其质量份数为：通用聚苯乙烯100份、聚磷酸铵20-30、偶联剂0.1-3份、季戊四醇5-10份、三聚氰胺3-5份、抗氧剂1-3份、阻燃协效剂1-6份。
2.根据权利要求1的复合膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其特征在于，还加入复合膨胀阻燃剂：聚磷酸铵0-20份，季戊四醇0-10份，三聚氰胺0-5份，酸化4A分子筛0-6份。
3.根据权利要求1的复合膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯，其特征在于，硅烷偶联剂（KH550），苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）或以上两种混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述复合膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）4A分子筛经干燥，研磨细化至20-50μm后，将4A分子筛与质量分数为10-40%铵盐溶剂按质量比1：10混合，于20-70℃搅拌1-6h，然后干燥，并200-900℃高温煅烧1-5h以备应用；
（2）将通用聚苯乙烯以及抗氧化剂，膨胀阻燃体系及协效剂，偶联剂于高速搅拌机中混合均匀，经双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，经烘干即得膨胀型阻燃通用聚苯乙烯粒料，其中挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
5.根据权利要求4的加工条件为：挤出温度170-200℃，螺杆转速25-40r/min。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105111677A (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-02 | 杭州方圆塑机股份有限公司 | 一种聚苯乙烯/三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂复合泡沫塑料及其制备方法 |
| CN105462072A (zh) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 北京化工大学 | 含Ho元素的阻燃协效剂的制备方法及其阻燃改性通用塑料的应用 |
| CN111518355A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-11 | 南京工业大学 | 一种阻燃性高抗冲聚苯乙烯复合材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN101037515A (zh) * | 2007-03-27 | 2007-09-19 | 上海工程技术大学 | 含4a分子筛的核/壳膨胀阻燃橡胶及其制备方法 |
| CN101062992A (zh) * | 2007-05-25 | 2007-10-31 | 北京理工大学 | 一种无卤阻燃高抗冲聚苯乙烯组合物及其制备方法 |
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| CN105462072A (zh) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 北京化工大学 | 含Ho元素的阻燃协效剂的制备方法及其阻燃改性通用塑料的应用 |
| CN111518355A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-11 | 南京工业大学 | 一种阻燃性高抗冲聚苯乙烯复合材料及其制备方法 |
| WO2021238146A1 (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-02 | 南京工业大学 | 阻燃性高抗冲聚苯乙烯复合材料及其制备方法 |
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