CN103048958A - Fundamental framework of integrated system of virtual electronic measuring instrument - Google Patents
Fundamental framework of integrated system of virtual electronic measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN103048958A CN103048958A CN2012103654944A CN201210365494A CN103048958A CN 103048958 A CN103048958 A CN 103048958A CN 2012103654944 A CN2012103654944 A CN 2012103654944A CN 201210365494 A CN201210365494 A CN 201210365494A CN 103048958 A CN103048958 A CN 103048958A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated system of a virtual electronic measuring instrument for a virtual instrument technical solution which realizes physical integration and measuring function integration of serial modular electronic measuring instruments. In order to realize the scheme, the invention provides a fundamental framework for constructing the system, also called a fundamental platform. The fundamental framework comprises a system bus, a system controller and related mechanical and electric standards. The system bus VIIS-EM is designed special for integrating demand of modular instruments, and the system controller is responsible for parsing commands and transmitting data as well as controlling function modules to work coordinately. The integrated system of the virtual electronic measuring instrument breaks through concept of a single instrument and a closed loop measuring system from multisource excitation to multidomain and multifunctional test. The fundamental framework is a brand-new mode for realizing integration of serial electronic measuring instruments, lays a foundation to construct a large scale electronic measuring comprehensive teaching laboratory, and is in particular suitable for using demands of electronic measuring teaching experiments in institution of higher learning.
Description
Technical field
The present technique invention belongs to virtual instrument technique, instrument bus technology, electronic measuring technology field, specifically, is the organic integration of the serial virtual electronic surveying instrument of a kind of realization, and makes up a kind of architecture of the electronic measurement system of a powerful closed loop.A kind of ' " integrated system of virtual electronic surveying instrument " be can form and make up based on the present invention, system bus, system controller specifically comprised.
Background technology
(1) virtual instrument technique refers to the surveying instrument building technology take computing machine as core, and virtual instrument technique utilizes high performance modularized hardware take computing machine as hardware platform, finishes various tests, measurement task in conjunction with the software of high efficient and flexible.Virtual instrument is a kind of modular instrument system that is handled by computing machine, and except the input and output of signal, the functions such as the operation of instrument and measurement, control, conversion, analysis, demonstration realize by software.
(2) electronic measurement technique refers to technology that various electric parameters in the electronic technology are measured, and its content mainly comprises the measurement of energy, the measurement of circuit parameter, the measurement of characteristics of signals, the measurement of electronic equipment performance, measurement of circuit characteristic curve etc.; Electronic measuring instrument refers to all kinds of devices and the instrument that design for carrying out these measurements.
(3) the virtual electronic surveying instrument refers to adopt the electronic measuring instrument of virtual instrument technique conceptual design, the important breakthrough to conditional electronic surveying instrument concept, such as virtual signal generator, virtual oscilloscope, Virtual Frequency Spectrum Analyzer, FVLA, virtual LCR tester, virtual integrated circuit tester etc.
(4) bussing technique plays a very important role in virtual instrument system, it is the tie that connects controller and programmable instrument, the ability of bus directly affects the overall performance of system, and the continuous renewal of bussing technique is regenerated and promoted the raising of virtual instrument technique level.For the bus of instrument or Design of Automatic Test System is called instrument bus, usually all provide synchronously, the dedicated signal lines such as triggering and high precision clock, such as standardised generic instrument bus such as GPIB, VXI, PXI, LXI.Specially be called the instrumentation bus for setting up the bus that certain measuring system defines.
Summary of the invention
1. technical matters and purpose of the present invention
(1) the conditional electronic surveying instrument is take hardware configuration as core, each quasi-instrument independent design of time domain, frequency field, data field, and structure sealing, dirigibility by force, do not have the integration testing ability, and data management and signal disposal and analysis are limited in one's ability.
(2) in electronic surveying work, when need to carry out multifrequency nature, the multiple parameters of electronic product comprehensively, during systematic survey, just need all kinds of electronic measuring instrument matching coordinative work of signal source and time domain, frequency field, numeric field, simultaneously the electronic measuring technology field instrumental function constantly is tending towards complicated, objectively satisfies the problem of complete testing requirement with regard to the integrated a plurality of measuring equipments of needs having occurred.Set up an electronic measurement system comprehensive, closed loop and that have signal analysis and a data-handling capacity for this reason and become very necessary, therefore all kinds of electronic measuring instruments and function thereof are integrated on the unified platform, and extend testing and analyzing and processing ability, be electronic surveying work demand and development trend that an one-stop solution is provided is electronic measuring instrument.
(3) traditional conventional electrical surveying instrument, such as oscillograph, spectrum analyzer, logic analyser, signal generator etc., because it is the technical scheme of Hardware, so be difficult to set up integrated test system or electronic surveying platform, because these instruments only can the several amounts of independent measurement certain or certain, function is relatively single, and can not communicate by letter each other, can not realize information sharing, thereby can not finish analysis-by-synthesis, assessment to system under test (SUT), and then draw accurate judgement.
(4) virtual instrument technique is an integrated software and hardware concept in essence, and along with the development of virtual instrument technique, the virtual electronic surveying instrument becomes the optimal technical scheme of electronic measuring instrument gradually.And the technical advantage of the virtual electronic surveying instrument that makes up based on single data collecting card and not very abundant and obvious, can not realize the effective integration of serial virtual electronic surveying instrument and organically blend, the virtual instrument bus is all I/O equipment connections and the integrated interface that standard is provided, and can easily a plurality of measuring equipments be integrated into the system of system ten.To adopt virtual instrument bussing technique structure " virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system " to become the most effective at present for this reason, a kind of technical solution of optimization.
(5) all kinds of buses that adopt the standardised generic instrument bus to make up virtual instrument and Auto-Test System have the cost height and control the problems such as complicated, typical VXI, PXI are mainly used in sets up big or middle technical scale data acquisition and automatic measurement application system, be suitable for speed, the higher large-scale high-precision integrated system occasion of accuracy requirement, and R﹠D costs and cost are too high, for promoting on a large scale, especially the popularization at institution of higher education's electronic measurement technique school duty room has brought larger difficulty.The LXI bus is not yet ripe, and exploitation has certain difficulty and risk based on the test macro of LXI bus.For triggering and the synchronizing function of surveying instrument, it is very not difficult to make up the virtual electronic measuring system for the PC bus.Need to define one for this reason and can collect all advantages, cut the garment according to the figure, reach an optimal balance point aspect function and the cost, reaching the instrumentation system bus of perfect function with minimum price, can make up the electronic measurement system of a powerful closed loop based on this instrument bus.So " the virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system " architecture of thought definition based on the virtual instrument bussing technique is a kind of natural current demand.
2. particular content of the present invention
For realizing the purpose of foregoing invention, content of the present invention is: defined an architecture that satisfies serial virtual electronic surveying instrument module integration demand, also claim basic platform or system architecture, specifically design relates to the hardware configuration of system and the software configuration of system.
" virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system " Connotation Definition and technical characterictic
" virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system " is also referred to as the virtual electronic measuring system.Be the convenient technical scheme of the present invention of setting forth, at first need System Connotation and technical characterictic done and define clearly.
(1) virtual: what refer to that the present invention adopts is the virtual instrument technique solution, is different from the technical solution of simulation electronic surveying instrument, digital and electronic surveying instrument and smart electronics surveying instrument.
(2) integrated: the logic that comprises the physical integration of module instrument and measurement function is integrated.The physical integration of module instrument refers to that multiple domain or many instruments can be integrated on the unified architecture of the present invention easily.For meeting and pressing close to the operator to operating habit and the thinking inertia of conditional electronic surveying instrument, has certain relative independentability between each module instrument.For satisfying the demand of electronic measurement technique development, architecture of the present invention has unlimited opening, be module surveying instrument newly developed, as long as follow the determined technical manual of the present invention, just seamless being integrated on the present architecture easily.The logic of measurement function is integrated to be referred to based on the technical program, and each quasi-instrument of same area can be realized measuring and the effective of analytic function and highly fusion easily.
(3) system: refer to based on architecture set forth in the present invention, break through and surmounted the concept of traditional single instrument, the upgrading and realized the series electronic surveying instrument by independent design, independent operating to consisting of a unification, organic whole, consist of an electronic measurement system that is activated to the closed loop of multiple domain, multifunctional testing by multi-source.
System is not simple, the machinery combination of modular instrument, but the closed-loop system that is consisted of by multiple exciting signal source, each domain test instrument, digital signal processing, measurement data management, networking communication etc.
" territory " described here refers to time domain, frequency field, data field, modulation domain, impedance territory etc.
" source " described here refers to simulation signal generator, derived digital signal, random waveform signal source, function signal source, modulation waveform signal source etc.
Virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system architecture as shown in Figure 1.Its modularization series electronic surveying instrument all has separately technical characteristic, separately statement such as the technical solution of the oscillograph of time domain, the spectrum analyzer of frequency field, the logic analyser of data field etc.
" virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system " architecture technical scheme
Virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system comprises architecture and modular instrument.The present invention's definition has also made up a kind of architecture for this system of establishment, specifically, comprises the system bus, system controller and the related specifications thereof that make up whole measuring system.
(1) the present invention has defined a system bus specially, be called VIIS-EM (Virtual Instrument Integration System for Electronic Measuring) bus, bus is to design for virtual electronic surveying instrument module integration demand specially.The VIIS-EM bus is engraved on the System Backplane, and structure is simplified compactness, and efficient is high, is convenient to integration realization;
(2) system controller among the present invention is responsible for parsing and the data transfer of order, controls each functional module co-ordination.System controller is communicated by letter by USB2.0 Interface realization and computing machine.Computing machine obtains needed data by the control of USB realization to each instrument module, data is processed again, and realizes the test function of appointment.
(3) mechanical specification of system architecture of the present invention is: the VIIS-EM core bus is fixed on the cabinet, the 3U chi of cabinet employing standard, very little, backboard is provided with 9 groove positions, wherein leftmost is 0 groove, be used for placing the system controller with USB interface, series of modular electronic measuring instrument integrated circuit board is placed in other 8 groove positions, and system controller connects and the work of control module instrument through core bus.Be furnished with the direct supply for modular instrument in the cabinet, power supply connects core bus, is core bus and controller and modular instrument power supply;
3. beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention is the demand that develops for the electronic surveying task specially, is the integrated a kind of architecture that is applicable to make up the virtual electronic measuring system that proposes and define with system of multiple domain electronic measuring instrument.
(1) the present invention is a basic platform that satisfies the organic integration of series of modular virtual electronic surveying instrument, be the 4th generation electronic measuring instrument a kind of architecture.Can realize multiple domain, series control journey electronic measuring instrument with the exploitation of virtual instrument technique thought based on this architecture, the realization electronic measuring instrument is that core is to the fundamental shifts take software as core from traditional hardware.Each virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated circuit board can be integrated on this total linearize platform easily, and this just provides an one-stop solution for electronic surveying work, has formed a kind of new establishment pattern of electronic measuring instrument.
(2) the present invention is an architecture that is suitable for making up the virtual electronic measuring system, based on architecture set forth in the present invention can realize the series electronic surveying instrument by independent design to consisting of a unification, organic whole, namely the invention provides an integrated solution, so that independent instrument upgrades to measuring system.When carrying out electronic surveying work, the user can be for the test purpose of self, and the different exciting signal source of selecting system to provide carries out different acquisition to the signal of being concerned about and measures, and the data of the line correlation of going forward side by side are processed, thereby obtain needed measurement result.
(3) virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system architecture of the present invention is an open architecture may, and module surveying instrument newly developed is as long as follow the determined technical manual of this platform, just seamless being integrated on this system easily.
(4) the present invention lays a good foundation for setting up extensive electronic surveying synthetic instruction laboratory.The virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system that makes up on architecture of the present invention has the technical advantage that is easy to set up extensive electronic surveying synthetic instruction laboratory, can realize the effect of " cover system substitutes many surveying instruments ", be particularly useful for the user demand of institution of higher education's electronic surveying education experiment.Have high performance-price ratio, the commercial advantage of low development cost has solved that existing electronic measuring instrument is of a great variety, expensive, the problem in the electronic surveying laboratory that is difficult to the Large scale construction complete function.
(5) trigger and be synchronously the feature that instrument bus is different from other buses such as PC bus, the defined system bus of the present invention has and triggers and synchronizing function, be to realize integrated crucial of modular instrument and ensure, and be the foundation of software control module instrument.Utilize synchronously with Trigger Bus realization instrument between co-ordination, based on can be the according to demand convenient, flexible corresponding modular instrument of selection of this structure, be configured by software, form corresponding measuring system, thereby improved system flexibility.
VIIS-EM aims at the modular instrument platform that the electronic surveying task is customized as a kind of, in have high-end timing and Trigger Bus, be equipped with all kinds of modular I/O hardware and develop software with corresponding thermometrically, just can set up complete self-defining electronic surveying solution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system architecture
Fig. 2 system bus VIIS-EM structural representation
The definition of Fig. 9 core bus signal
Fig. 3 system controller hardware configuration and functional block diagram
Fig. 4 USB2.0 system controller integrated circuit board pictorial diagram
Fig. 5 dual port RAM is realized the communication of multiprocessor
Fig. 6 dual port RAM storage space function is distributed
Fig. 7 data flow architecture
The classification of Fig. 8 order
Embodiment
1. the definition of system bus VIIS-EM
(1) among the present invention, various command, data, address and other message are all by the bus transmission.Bus is printed on the System Backplane, comprises power bus, common bus, data transmission bus, interrupt request bus, Trigger Bus.
(2) power bus provides direct supply for modular instrument, is divided into analog power and digital power, is provided by a Switching Power Supply.Analog power has ± 5V and ± 12V, for the analog device in the circuit, such as amplifier, data converter etc.Digital power+5V is for processor and logical device.
(3) common bus provides system clock and the functions such as system initialization and fault detect, for all modules are used jointly.
SYS_CLK is the system clock line, and providing a dutycycle by system controller is that 50% frequency is the clock signal of 16MHz, as the time reference of system's operation.
SYS_RST is systematic reset signal, is also sent by system controller, is used for to the CPU on the module reset (high level resets).When module initialization or communication are broken down, need to carry out reset operation to it.
#P_FAIL is the power fail line, and a power supply supervisory circuit is arranged on each functional module, is used for function element on the fender, when certain modular power source breaks down, just drives the #P_FAIL output low level.#P_FAIL is the output of OC door on the module, and the #P FAIL output of all modules is received together.Since the OC door have line and function, the power supply of any one module Shi Douhui that breaks down drives #P_FAIL step-down level, system controller is found the processing of reporting to the police immediately behind the #P_FAIL step-down.
(4) data transmission bus is used for the communication between realization system controller and the modular instrument, adopts the LVTTL level of 3.3V, comprises data line, address wire, control line.
16 of data lines, when carrying out 8 bus data communication, the least-significant byte of usage data line, most-significant byte is invalid.
20 of address wires can realize the addressing space of maximum 1M word.When system controller and module are carried out multiprocessor communication, low 10 address wires as dual port RAM of address wire.
Control signal has chip selection signal and read-write.#CCS is the chip selection signal of command unit, the sheet of dual port RAM choosing during as multiprocessor communication; #MCS is the internal storage location chip selection signal, when being used for the DMA transmission, the data memory device is carried out the sheet choosing.#CCS on the whenever same module and #MCS can not the whiles effective (low level).#RD, #WR are read-write, and the clock of data read-write operation is provided.
(5) interrupt request bus is used for modular instrument to system controller application interrupt request.Each module only has an interrupt request line, and separate each other.
(6) Trigger Bus is for the triggering between the control module instrument and synchronous function.Comprise that a triggering synchronous clock and 8 VLTTL trigger line.
2 system bus protocol standards
(1) multiprocessor communication, each modular instrument all needs to communicate with system controller in the virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system, finishes the functions such as configuration register initialization, data access, instrument command analysis.The present invention adopts the method that adds dual port RAM between multiprocessor to realize communication.Dual port RAM can directly adopt integrated chip IDT7130 to realize, also can realize by FPGA, and the present invention adopts FPGA to realize dual port RAM.
(2) bus communication protocol, bus system communication protocol are based upon on the modular instrument configuration space basis.With the configuration space standardization, be conducive to realize the plug and play of module.The block configuration space realizes that in the dual port RAM of 1KB the RAM storage space of 1KB is divided into communication register district, configuration register district, retaining space and data buffer 4 parts.
3. system controller
(1) USB of system controller adopts the USB2.0 interface of the realization of CY7C68013-128 chip and computing machine, main frame sends any message and data to USB controller (or module), all be to send a message to first in the end points buffer zone of USB, by embedded enhancement mode 8051 processors of USB message resolved, data is transmitted again.
The CY7C68013-128 chip resets and enumerates after system powers on, and enters the poll subscriber equipment, and the analytical equipment solicited status waits for that the upper strata instrument drivers sends request data package.
(2) instrument drivers (DLL) is by importing external dynamic chained library function xternal_CheckSendDeviceCommandShort (), reaches and the communicating by letter of USB controller, and comes thus the control module instrument.
(3) all detecting units of system are controlled by the processor among the CY7C68013; Bus processing unit, clock generation unit, interruption processing unit, synchronously/the logical circuit parts such as trigger element, address decoding unit realize in a slice FPGA.Carry out sheet in the periphery by the 3-8 code translator and translate code selectively.Because EP1C3T144C8 output load capacity is limited, externally by bus driver chip 74HC245 bus signals is driven in addition.
4. key modules circuit
(1) fault monitoring circuit, each modular instrument have a power fail output signal #P_FAIL, receive together by the mode of OC door, and system controller judges by detecting the #P_FAIL signal whether system power supply breaks down.
(2) module status observation circuit, system controller scans the identification register of each groove position, judges whether module is arranged on the corresponding groove position, by one 8 register record.Each of eight bit register is corresponding with the groove position of modular instrument.The eight bit register data communication device is crossed a data latch 74HC573 and is latched output, send 8 LED to show.
(3) address decoding unit circuit forms one 16 by 2 3-8 code translator 74HC138 and selects one MUX, guarantees that each only has one to be output as low level (gating signal) constantly.The input of 74HC138 is by 4 I/O pin PE[3..0 of USB] control; Output minutes two groups, M_CS[7..0] control respectively the gating of the internal storage location of each module, C_CS[7..0] control respectively the gating of the command unit (dual port RAM) of each module.
(4) clock generation unit, adopt the active crystal oscillator of 20M as the clock input of FPGA, phaselocked loop by EP1C3T144C8 inside to 160MHz, as the clock of 32 bit accumulators, changes frequency control word ctl_word[31..0 with clock multiplier] can realize the clock output of optional frequency.
Parsing and the processing of 5 orders
(1) data flow architecture is divided into three layers with data, and the superiors are PCs, and the middle layer is the USB controller, and lowermost layer is modular instrument.The data of the superiors' PC (or order) are distributed to data (or order) by middle layer USB controller the modular instrument of appointment.The present invention's regulation: all do not relate to the operation of modular instrument, all ask to realize by manufacturer, namely receive order (or data) by EP0, and by EP1 IN uploading data, the maximum amount of data of each transmission is 64B; All relate to the operation of modular instrument, all at first command word (and parameter) is sent to EP1 OUT, judge it is input command or output command by processor, the data that by EP2 OUT PC sent again download to the storage space (command unit or internal storage location) of modular instrument or by EP6 IN with the data upload of modular instrument storage space to PC, the maximum amount of data of each transmission is 512B.
(2) order and form, system command is divided into control order and device command.Control order is responsible for the essential information of the system that obtains.Device command is responsible for and the communicating by letter of equipment, and will order and data send to the data of equipment or fetch equipment.During the transmit control device order, main frame sends to the EP0 end points with command word and command parameter with the form that manufacturer asks, if there are data to return, then by the EP1IN return data.During the transmitting apparatus order, if write data, then main frame is first write data to EP2 OUT, again command word and command parameter is sent to EP1 OUT, by the USB controller with the Data dissemination of EP2OUT to module; If read data, then main frame sends to EP1 OUT with command word and command parameter first, and the USB controller can read the data in the module among the EP6IN as requested, is read by main frame.
Claims (6)
1. defined the concept of " virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system ", its intension and technical characterictic have been made clearly defined.
2. definition and made up a kind of architecture for setting up " virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system " comprises system bus, system controller and related specifications thereof etc.
3. on the basis that existing all kinds of bus Auto-Test Systems are furtherd investigate, propose and defined a kind of the powerful of this system that be applicable to make up for these real needs of virtual electronic surveying instrument integrated system, flexible practical instrument bus, be called the VIIS-EM bus, its technical characterictic is that this bus is the integrated crucial and guarantee of modular instrument hardware system, is the basis of software control module instrument.
4. stipulated the system bus protocol standard, employing adds communicating by letter between each modular instrument and system controller in the method realization system of dual port RAM between multiprocessor, its dual port RAM adopts FPGA to realize that bus system communication protocol is based upon on the modular instrument configuration space basis.
5. on bus structure claimed in claim 3, designed system bus controller, this bus controller is finished message exchange between each bus module and the host computer by USB interface, be responsible for parsing and the data transfer of order, bus controller adopts FPGA to add the MCU structure, by interrupt mechanism and synchronous, triggering management function, finish information interpretation and message exchange.
6. stipulated data flow architecture and order and form, data are divided into three layers, and the superiors are PCs, and the middle layer is the USB controller, and lowermost layer is modular instrument: system command is divided into control order and device command.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104345716A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-02-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for realizing satellite power control and modularized plug-and-play of distribution unit |
| CN105045748A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-11-11 | 四川拓普测控科技有限公司 | PVIB special virtual apparatus bus |
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- 2012-09-28 CN CN2012103654944A patent/CN103048958A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104345716A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-02-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for realizing satellite power control and modularized plug-and-play of distribution unit |
| CN105045748A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-11-11 | 四川拓普测控科技有限公司 | PVIB special virtual apparatus bus |
| CN105045748B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2018-02-13 | 四川拓普测控科技有限公司 | A kind of PVIB specialties virtual instrument bus |
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Application publication date: 20130417 |