CN103033447A - Tension meter for measuring water potential of water in soil and assembly method thereof - Google Patents
Tension meter for measuring water potential of water in soil and assembly method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033447A CN103033447A CN2012105540257A CN201210554025A CN103033447A CN 103033447 A CN103033447 A CN 103033447A CN 2012105540257 A CN2012105540257 A CN 2012105540257A CN 201210554025 A CN201210554025 A CN 201210554025A CN 103033447 A CN103033447 A CN 103033447A
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- tensiometer
- top cover
- pressure transducer
- water
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tension meter for measuring the water potential of water in soil and an assembly method thereof. The tension meter comprises a tension meter body, wherein the tension meter body comprises a top cover, a tail cover plate, a pressure sensor, and a sensing part for establishing hydraulic connection of water inside and outside the tension meter; the top cover is provided with a hollow cavity chamber penetrating through the top cover; the pressure sensor is positioned in the hollow cavity chamber of the top cover; the sensing part is mounted at one end of the top cover; the tail cover plate is mounted at the other end of the tail cover plate; a spacing cavity is formed in a gap between the inner surface of the hollow cavity chamber and the outer surface of the pressure sensor; and the gap ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The tension meter has the benefits as follows: due to the existence of the spacing cavity, the pressure sensor is not quickly influenced by the temperature, the negative influence of the external pressure and temperature on the suction force measurement is avoided, and the measurement range of the tension meter is expanded to measure the positive pressure part by reducing the volume of a stressed water body and adopting the pressure sensor for measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surveying instrument, relate in particular to tensiometer and assemble method thereof for the flow of water of measuring soil water.
Background technology
Tensiometer is a kind of instrument of the flow of water (suction) for measuring soil water, is widely used in agricultural, forestry and Geotechnical Engineering etc.The measurement of suction receives much concern, it is main because suction can not only be extrapolated the water percentage (having nonlinear relationship curve-native water characteristic curve with soil moisture content) of the soil body, the water-intake capacity that can also directly reflect root system of plant, especially a kind of state variable of soil deformation.In agricultural and field of forestry, rely on the measurement of suction, and formulate the irrigation progress; In Geotechnical Engineering, change to predict deflection in the soil body drying and watering cycle process according to suction.
Present common range tensiometer has been widely used in testing laboratory and scene, because there is following technological deficiency in its design feature:
The performance of conventional tension meter under temperature and external pressure impact is still not clear, owing to adopting thin PVC water pipe to load stressed water body, temperature and ambient pressure variation meeting directly exert an influence to the PVC water pipe.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of tensiometer of the flow of water for measuring soil water.
The invention provides a kind of tensiometer of the flow of water for measuring soil water, comprise the tensiometer body, described tensiometer body comprises top cover, the afterbody cover plate, pressure transducer, and the inductive means of setting up hydraulic connection for free surface moisture in this tensiometer, described top cover is provided with the hollow chamber of running through this top cover, described pressure transducer is positioned at the hollow chamber inside of described top cover, described inductive means is installed on described top cover one end, described afterbody cover plate is installed on the described top cover other end, and the gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and the described pressure transducer outside surface forms separate cavities, and this gap is greater than 0.1mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the gap between described pressure transducer and the described inductive means forms internal cavity, and it is 100mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3To 1000mm
3
As a further improvement on the present invention, described top cover is provided with the first row water hole, described afterbody cover plate is provided with the second row water hole, it is drainage channel that described first row water hole is communicated with described second row water hole, described drainage channel one end opening contacts with described inductive means, and described drainage channel other end opening is by shutoff.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described pressure transducer and described afterbody cover plate are fixedly linked, and described afterbody cover plate is that liquid sealing cooperates with described top cover, and described pressure transducer is that liquid sealing cooperates with described top cover.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described inductive means is pot clay end.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this tensiometer also comprises data collecting instrument, and described data collecting instrument receives the data of pressure transducer transmission by wired or wireless mode.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this tensiometer also comprises the data transmission of the pressure transducer cable to described data collecting instrument, described cable one end passes described afterbody cover plate and links to each other with described pressure transducer, and the described cable other end links to each other with described data collecting instrument.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the gap between described hollow chamber's inside surface and the described pressure transducer outside surface is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, can to hold stressed water body volume be 580mm to described internal cavity
3
The invention also discloses a kind of assemble method of tensiometer, comprise the steps:
A. all parts of tensiometer body are placed the saturated cylinder of vacuum of sealing, make all parts of the air free water submergence tensiometer body in the saturated cylinder of vacuum, vacuumize 2 to 3 hours;
B. in air free water, pressure transducer is mounted to the hollow chamber of described top cover inner and inductive means and afterbody cover plate be installed respectively at the top cover two ends, then in air free water, drainage channel other end opening is screwed on bolt, finished the assembling of tensiometer body;
C. the tensiometer body that assembles is connected with data collecting instrument.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: when there was wall pressure in the external world, because the existence of this separate cavities, pressure transducer can't be stressed, therefore avoided the impact of wall pressure; When the ambient temperature variation, because the existence of separate cavities, temperature can not have influence on pressure transducer fast, has therefore avoided ambient pressure and temperature to the adverse effect of suction measurement; Reduce stressed water body volume, shortened the reaction time of tensiometer; Adopts pressure sensor is measured, and has expanded measuring to the malleation part of tensiometer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is tensiometer cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the test pattern that the present invention tests the tensiometer after saturated.
Fig. 3 is the test pattern of tensiometer vaporization enduring quality of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of tensiometer of the flow of water for measuring soil water, comprise the tensiometer body, described tensiometer body comprises top cover 2, afterbody cover plate 6, pressure transducer 5, and the inductive means of setting up hydraulic connection for free surface moisture in this tensiometer, described top cover 2 is provided with the hollow chamber of running through this top cover 2, described pressure transducer 5 is positioned at the hollow chamber inside of described top cover 2, described inductive means is installed on described top cover 2 one ends, described afterbody cover plate 6 is installed on described top cover 2 other ends, gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer 5 outside surfaces forms separate cavities 9, and this gap is greater than 0.1mm, certainly the gap between this hollow chamber's inside surface and described pressure transducer 5 outside surfaces can be 0.1mm to 0.5mm, as optimal way, the gap between this hollow chamber's inside surface and described pressure transducer 5 outside surfaces is 0.2mm.
When there was wall pressure in the external world, because the existence of this separate cavities 9, pressure transducer 5 can't be stressed, therefore avoided the impact of wall pressure; When the ambient temperature variation, because the existence of separate cavities 9, temperature can not have influence on pressure transducer 5 fast, has therefore avoided ambient pressure and temperature to the adverse effect of suction measurement; And pressure transducer 5 has temperature compensation, therefore also avoided temperature that it is exerted an influence.
Gap between described pressure transducer 5 and the described inductive means forms internal cavity, and it is 100mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3To 1000mm
3, as optimal way, it is 580mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3
Conventional tension meter response speed is slower, and the response speed of tensiometer depends on by the resistance of wall pipe and the required water yield of the balance flow of water, also depends on the sensitivity of vacuum meter simultaneously.Because the water body of its internal delivery suction is longer through pipeline, so reflecting time is also longer, has a strong impact on the accuracy of suction measurement.The volume-diminished of internal cavity of the present invention reduces stressed water body is subjected to the wall pipe in measuring process resistance, shortens reflecting time with this.
Conventional tension meter confidence level need be tested rear checking, and the conventional tension meter namely may be vaporized at 85kPa, needs to put back in the water after therefore measuring, and observes its time zero effect, to determine the confidence level of tensiometer reading.Internal cavity of the present invention reduces greatly, and measurement can reach 100 kPa fully, and is with a high credibility.
Conventional tension meter stability is not good, and when the conventional tension meter was measured for a long time, the tensiometer internal water was known from experience in the infiltration soil body, affects measuring accuracy.Internal cavity small volume of the present invention, hollow chamber's madial wall is rigid walls, and the large degree of the water yield that inner water body infiltrates to the soil body reduces, and has reduced the impact that water loss produces.
Described top cover 2 is provided with first row water hole 3, described afterbody cover plate 6 is provided with second row water hole 11, it is drainage channel that described first row water hole 3 is communicated with described second row water hole 11, and described drainage channel one end opening contacts with described inductive means, and described drainage channel other end opening is by shutoff.
When top cover 2 is installed, can to stressed water body generation positive hydraulic pressure to a certain degree, increase the risk of damaging pot clay end 1.Because this normal pressure needs the long period to dissipate, if calibrate too early tensiometer and place soil to measure, the measurement result after can directly affecting.So the present invention is provided with drainage channel, effectively avoided the infringement of installation process to pot clay end 1.
Described inductive means comprises pot clay end 1, but is not limited in pot clay end 1.This pot clay end 1 is the pot clay end of 1bar.
The data acquisition of conventional tension meter must manually gather, and can not realize round-the-clock uninterrupted collection.Adopts pressure sensor 5 of the present invention, pressure transducer 5 can be measured malleation also can measure negative pressure, and guarantees round-the-clock collection.
Described pressure transducer 5 is fixedly linked with described afterbody cover plate 6, and described afterbody cover plate 6 and described top cover 2 are for liquid sealing cooperates, and described pressure transducer 5 cooperates for liquid sealing with described top cover 2.
This tensiometer body also comprises an O RunddichtringO 4 and the 2nd O RunddichtringO 10, a described O RunddichtringO 4 is set in described pressure transducer 5 outside surfaces and is positioned at described pressure transducer 5 ends, and a described O RunddichtringO 4 fits tightly with described top cover 2 inside surfaces; Described the 2nd O RunddichtringO 10 is set in described pressure transducer 5 outside surfaces and is positioned at described pressure transducer 5 roots, described pressure transducer 5 roots link to each other with described afterbody cover plate 6 end faces, described afterbody cover plate 6 end faces and described top cover 2 end faces fit tightly, and described the 2nd O RunddichtringO 10 fits tightly with described top cover 2 inside surfaces.
First row water hole 3 diameters are 1mm, have effectively avoided the infringement of installation process to pot clay end 1.
This tensiometer also comprises data collecting instrument 8, and described data collecting instrument 8 receives the data of pressure transducer 5 transmission by wired or wireless mode.
This tensiometer comprises that also described cable 7 one ends pass described afterbody cover plate 6 and link to each other with described pressure transducer 5 with the data transmission of pressure transducer 5 cable 7 to described data collecting instrument 8, and described cable 7 other ends link to each other with described data collecting instrument 8.
The invention also discloses a kind of assemble method of tensiometer, comprise the steps:
The first step: all parts of tensiometer body are placed the saturated cylinder of vacuum of sealing, make all parts of the air free water submergence tensiometer body in the saturated cylinder of vacuum, vacuumize 2 to 3 hours;
Second step: in air free water, pressure transducer 5 is mounted to the hollow chamber inside of described top cover 2 and at top cover 2 two ends inductive means and afterbody cover plate 6 is installed respectively, then in air free water, drainage channel other end opening is screwed on bolt, finished the assembling of tensiometer body;
The 3rd step: the tensiometer body that assembles is connected with data collecting instrument 8.
In the first step, specifically comprise step W1 to step W4, in step W1, all parts of tensiometer body are placed the saturated cylinder of vacuum; In step W2, add air free water to the saturated cylinder of vacuum and all parts of submergence tensiometer body; In step W3, cover the lid of the saturated cylinder of vacuum; In step W4, vacuumize 2 to 3 hours.
In second step, specifically comprise the steps: in air free water, will install an O RunddichtringO 4 and the 2nd O RunddichtringO 10, pressure transducer 5 is put into top cover 2 inside, then cover afterbody cover plate 6 and connect.
Conventional tension meter saturation history is complicated, and is said by its instructions, and saturated conventional tension timing needs the operations such as artificial discharge bubble, these complex operations, and length consuming time requires high to professional knowledge.Tensiometer body of the present invention is to assemble in air free water, guarantee internal cavity without bubble, and saturation process is simple, requires lower to professional knowledge.
Testing experiment:
Immediately the tensiometer after saturated is tested, at first tested zero effect of returning of tensiometer.With tensiometer wipe surfaces free water at room temperature, it is freely evaporated.When pressure is elevated to a certain degree, put back in the water immediately.As shown in Figure 2, reading can very quick return to original state, and the speed of slaking process is obviously faster than free evaporation process.
And then test its vaporization enduring quality, and as shown in Figure 3, in the situation that freely evaporate on the surface, the suction value of tensiometer rose to 100kPa in 30 minutes, and afterwards reading continuation is risen and is reached 110kPa.Reading all can continue approximately 140 minutes at the peak value place, can float by the emersion wave dynamic formula subsequently, floats numerical value between 100-110kPa, and last tensiometer was vaporized in the time of 700 minutes fully, and reading is reduced to 0 kPa.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. tensiometer of be used for measuring the flow of water of soil water, it is characterized in that: comprise the tensiometer body, described tensiometer body comprises top cover (2), afterbody cover plate (6), pressure transducer (5), and the inductive means of setting up hydraulic connection for free surface moisture in this tensiometer, described top cover (2) is provided with the hollow chamber of running through this top cover (2), described pressure transducer (5) is positioned at the hollow chamber inside of described top cover (2), described inductive means is installed on described top cover (2) one ends, described afterbody cover plate (6) is installed on described top cover (2) other end, and the gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer (5) outside surface forms separate cavities (9), and this gap is greater than 0.1mm.
2. tensiometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gap between described pressure transducer (5) and the described inductive means forms internal cavity, and it is 100mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3To 1000mm
3
3. tensiometer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described top cover (2) is provided with first row water hole (3), described afterbody cover plate (6) is provided with second row water hole (11), it is drainage channel that described first row water hole (3) is communicated with described second row water hole (11), described drainage channel one end opening contacts with described inductive means, and described drainage channel other end opening is by shutoff.
4. tensiometer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described pressure transducer (5) is fixedly linked with described afterbody cover plate (6), described afterbody cover plate (6) and described top cover (2) are for liquid sealing cooperates, and described pressure transducer (5) cooperates for liquid sealing with described top cover (2).
5. tensiometer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described inductive means is pot clay end (1).
6. tensiometer according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: this tensiometer also comprises data collecting instrument (8), described data collecting instrument (8) receives the data of pressure transducer (5) transmission by wired or wireless mode.
7. tensiometer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: this tensiometer also comprises the data transmission of pressure transducer (5) cable (7) to described data collecting instrument (8), described cable (7) one ends pass described afterbody cover plate (6) and link to each other with described pressure transducer (5), and described cable (7) other end links to each other with described data collecting instrument (8).
8. tensiometer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer (5) outside surface is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.
9. tensiometer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: it is 580mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3
10. the assemble method of each described tensiometer of claim 1 to 9 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. all parts of tensiometer body are placed the saturated cylinder of vacuum of sealing, make all parts of the air free water submergence tensiometer body in the saturated cylinder of vacuum, vacuumize 2 to 3 hours;
B. in air free water, pressure transducer (5) is mounted to the hollow chamber inside of described top cover (2) and at top cover (2) two ends inductive means and afterbody cover plate (6) is installed respectively, then in air free water, drainage channel other end opening is screwed on bolt, finished the assembling of tensiometer body;
C. the tensiometer body that assembles is connected with data collecting instrument (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210554025.7A CN103033447B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | For measuring tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water of soil water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210554025.7A CN103033447B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | For measuring tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water of soil water |
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| CN103033447A true CN103033447A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| CN103033447B CN103033447B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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| CN201210554025.7A Active CN103033447B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | For measuring tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water of soil water |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103792336A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Field soil water potential measuring instrument as well as using method thereof |
| CN103884830A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Automatic temperature compensation type soil water tension meter system and determination method |
| CN105123447A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-12-09 | 西安理工大学 | Irrigation decision-making system based on water balance relation of field |
| CN109540680A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 长安大学 | A kind of Miniature tension meter is rapidly saturated device |
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| CN105123447A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-12-09 | 西安理工大学 | Irrigation decision-making system based on water balance relation of field |
| CN109540680A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 长安大学 | A kind of Miniature tension meter is rapidly saturated device |
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Owner name: CHINESE INST. OF WATER CONSERVANCY +. HYDRO-ELECTR Effective date: 20150703 Owner name: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SHENZHEN GRADUATE S Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHEN RUI Effective date: 20150703 |
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Effective date of registration: 20150703 Address after: 518000 Guangdong city in Shenzhen Province, Nanshan District City Xili campus of Harbin Institute of Shenzhen University Applicant after: Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School Applicant after: China Institute of water resources and Hydropower Research Address before: 518000 building C, Innovation Research Institute, Nanshan District hi tech Zone, Guangdong, Shenzhen 1-6 Applicant before: Chen Rui |
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Correction item: Inventor Correct: Han Xici False: Chen Xici Number: 35 Volume: 31 |
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Correction item: Inventor Correct: Han Xici False: Chen Xici Number: 35 Page: The title page Volume: 31 |
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