CN103033447B - For measuring tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water of soil water - Google Patents
For measuring tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water of soil water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033447B CN103033447B CN201210554025.7A CN201210554025A CN103033447B CN 103033447 B CN103033447 B CN 103033447B CN 201210554025 A CN201210554025 A CN 201210554025A CN 103033447 B CN103033447 B CN 103033447B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of tensiometer and assemble method thereof of the flow of water for measuring soil water, this tensiometer comprises tensiometer body, described tensiometer body comprises top cover, afterbody cover plate, pressure transducer, and set up the inductive means of hydraulic connection for free surface moisture in this tensiometer, described top cover is provided with the hollow chamber of running through this top cover, the hollow chamber that described pressure transducer is positioned at described top cover is inner, described inductive means is installed on described top cover one end, described afterbody cover plate is installed on the described top cover other end, gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer outside surface forms separate cavities, and this gap is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.Beneficial effect is the existence due to separate cavities, temperature can not rapid contribution to pressure transducer, avoid ambient pressure and temperature to the adverse effect of suction measurement, and by reduce stressed water body volume, employing pressure transducer is measured, and extends the measurement of tensiometer to malleation part.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surveying instrument, particularly relating to tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water for measuring soil water.
Background technology
Tensiometer is a kind of instrument of the flow of water (suction) for measuring soil water, is widely used in agricultural, forestry and Geotechnical Engineering etc.The measurement of suction receives much concern, it is main because suction can not only extrapolate the water percentage (there is nonlinear relationship curve-soil-water characteristic curve with soil moisture content) of the soil body, directly can also reflect the water-intake capacity of root system of plant, especially a kind of state variable of soil deformation.In agricultural and field of forestry, by means of the measurement of suction, and formulate irrigation progress; In Geotechnical Engineering, predict the deflection in soil body drying and watering cycle process according to suction change.
Current common range tensiometer has been widely used in testing laboratory and scene, due to its design feature, there is following technological deficiency:
The performance of conventional tension meter at temperature and external pressure impact is still not clear, and owing to adopting thin PVC water pipe to load stressed water body, temperature and ambient pressure change can directly have an impact to PVC water pipe.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of tensiometer of the flow of water for measuring soil water.
The invention provides a kind of tensiometer of the flow of water for measuring soil water, comprise tensiometer body, described tensiometer body comprises top cover, afterbody cover plate, pressure transducer, and set up the inductive means of hydraulic connection for free surface moisture in this tensiometer, described top cover is provided with the hollow chamber of running through this top cover, the hollow chamber that described pressure transducer is positioned at described top cover is inner, described inductive means is installed on described top cover one end, described afterbody cover plate is installed on the described top cover other end, gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer outside surface forms separate cavities, and this gap is for being greater than 0.1mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the gap between described pressure transducer and described inductive means forms internal cavity, and it is 100mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3to 1000mm
3.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described top cover is provided with first row water hole, described afterbody cover plate is provided with second row water hole, described first row water hole is communicated with for drainage channel with described second row water hole, described drainage channel one end open contacts with described inductive means, and described drainage channel other end opening is by shutoff.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described pressure transducer and described afterbody cover plate are fixedly linked, and described afterbody cover plate and described top cover are that liquid sealing coordinates, and described pressure transducer and described top cover are that liquid sealing coordinates.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described inductive means is pot clay end.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this tensiometer also comprises data collecting instrument, and described data collecting instrument receives the data of pressure transducer transmission by wired or wireless mode.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this tensiometer also comprises the cable data of pressure transducer being transferred to described data collecting instrument, described cable one end is connected with described pressure transducer through described afterbody cover plate, and the described cable other end is connected with described data collecting instrument.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer outside surface is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume is 580mm
3.
The invention also discloses a kind of assemble method of tensiometer, comprise the steps:
A. all parts of tensiometer body are placed in the saturated cylinder of closed vacuum, make all parts of the air free water submergence tensiometer body in the saturated cylinder of vacuum, vacuumize 2 to 3 hours;
B. pressure transducer be mounted to the hollow chamber inside of described top cover in air free water and at top cover two ends, inductive means and afterbody cover plate be installed respectively, then in air free water, drainage channel other end opening bolt is screwed on, complete the assembling of tensiometer body;
C. the tensiometer body assembled is connected with data collecting instrument.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: when there is wall pressure in the external world, due to the existence of this separate cavities, pressure transducer can't be stressed, therefore avoids the impact of wall pressure; When ambient temperature change, due to the existence of separate cavities, temperature can not rapid contribution to pressure transducer, therefore avoid ambient pressure and temperature to the adverse effect of suction measurement; Reduce stressed water body volume, shorten the reaction time of tensiometer; Employing pressure transducer is measured, and extends the measurement of tensiometer to malleation part.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tensiometer cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 test pattern that to be the present invention test the tensiometer after saturated.
Fig. 3 is the test pattern of tensiometer of the present invention vaporization enduring quality.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of tensiometer of the flow of water for measuring soil water, comprise tensiometer body, described tensiometer body comprises top cover 2, afterbody cover plate 6, pressure transducer 5, and set up the inductive means of hydraulic connection for free surface moisture in this tensiometer, described top cover 2 is provided with the hollow chamber of running through this top cover 2, the hollow chamber that described pressure transducer 5 is positioned at described top cover 2 is inner, described inductive means is installed on described top cover 2 one end, described afterbody cover plate 6 is installed on described top cover 2 other end, gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer 5 outside surface forms separate cavities 9, and this gap is for being greater than 0.1mm, certainly the gap between this hollow chamber's inside surface and described pressure transducer 5 outside surface can be 0.1mm to 0.5mm, as optimal way, gap between this hollow chamber's inside surface and described pressure transducer 5 outside surface is 0.2mm.
When there is wall pressure in the external world, due to the existence of this separate cavities 9, pressure transducer 5 can't be stressed, therefore avoids the impact of wall pressure; When ambient temperature change, due to the existence of separate cavities 9, temperature can not rapid contribution to pressure transducer 5, therefore avoid ambient pressure and temperature to the adverse effect of suction measurement; And pressure transducer 5 has temperature compensation, therefore it also avoid temperature and it is had an impact.
Gap between described pressure transducer 5 and described inductive means forms internal cavity, and it is 100mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3to 1000mm
3, as optimal way, it is 580mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3.
Conventional tension meter response speed is relatively slower, and the response speed of tensiometer is determined by resistance and the water yield of balance needed for the flow of water of wall pipe, also depends on the sensitivity of vacuum meter simultaneously.Because the water body of its internal delivery suction is longer through pipeline, therefore reflecting time is also longer, has a strong impact on the accuracy of suction measurement.The volume-diminished of internal cavity of the present invention, reduces stressed water body resistance by wall pipe in measuring process, shortens reflecting time with this.
Conventional tension meter confidence level need test rear checking, and namely conventional tension meter may vaporize at 85kPa, needs to put back in water, observe its back to zero effect, to determine the confidence level of tensiometer reading after therefore measuring.Internal cavity of the present invention reduces greatly, and measurement can reach 100 kPa completely, with a high credibility.
Conventional tension meter stability is not good, and when conventional tension meter is measured for a long time, tensiometer internal water is known from experience in the infiltration soil body, affects measuring accuracy.Chamber portions of the present invention is less, and hollow chamber's madial wall is rigid walls, and inner water body infiltrates to the large degree of the water yield in the soil body and reduces, and decreases the impact that water loss produces.
Described top cover 2 is provided with first row water hole 3, described afterbody cover plate 6 is provided with second row water hole 11, described first row water hole 3 is communicated with described second row water hole 11 for drainage channel, and described drainage channel one end open contacts with described inductive means, and described drainage channel other end opening is by shutoff.
When top cover 2 is installed, to stressed water body generation positive hydraulic pressure to a certain degree, the risk damaging pot clay end 1 can be increased.Because this normal pressure needs the long period to dissipate, if carry out calibration tensiometer too early and be placed in soil measuring, the measurement result after directly affecting.So the present invention is provided with drainage channel, effectively prevent the infringement of installation process to pot clay end 1.
Described inductive means comprises pot clay end 1, but is not limited in pot clay end 1.This pot clay end 1 is the pot clay end of 1bar.
The data acquisition of conventional tension meter must manually gather, and can not realize round-the-clock uninterrupted sampling.The present invention adopts pressure transducer 5, and pressure transducer 5 can measure malleation also can measure negative pressure, and ensures round-the-clock collection.
Described pressure transducer 5 and described afterbody cover plate 6 are fixedly linked, described afterbody cover plate 6 with described top cover 2 for liquid sealing coordinates, described pressure transducer 5 with described top cover 2 for liquid sealing coordinates.
This tensiometer body also comprises an O RunddichtringO 4 and the 2nd O RunddichtringO 10, a described O RunddichtringO 4 is set in described pressure transducer 5 outside surface and is positioned at described pressure transducer 5 end, and a described O RunddichtringO 4 fits tightly with described top cover 2 inside surface; Described 2nd O RunddichtringO 10 is set in described pressure transducer 5 outside surface and is positioned at described pressure transducer 5 root, described pressure transducer 5 root is connected with described afterbody cover plate 6 end face, described afterbody cover plate 6 end face and described top cover 2 end face fit tightly, and described 2nd O RunddichtringO 10 fits tightly with described top cover 2 inside surface.
First row water hole 3 diameter is 1mm, effectively prevent the infringement of installation process to pot clay end 1.
This tensiometer also comprises data collecting instrument 8, and described data collecting instrument 8 receives the data of pressure transducer 5 transmission by wired or wireless mode.
This tensiometer also comprises the cable 7 data of pressure transducer 5 being transferred to described data collecting instrument 8, and described cable 7 one end is connected with described pressure transducer 5 through described afterbody cover plate 6, and described cable 7 other end is connected with described data collecting instrument 8.
The invention also discloses a kind of assemble method of tensiometer, comprise the steps:
The first step: all parts of tensiometer body are placed in the saturated cylinder of closed vacuum, makes all parts of the air free water submergence tensiometer body in the saturated cylinder of vacuum, vacuumizes 2 to 3 hours;
Second step: pressure transducer 5 be mounted to the hollow chamber inside of described top cover 2 in air free water and install inductive means and afterbody cover plate 6 respectively at top cover 2 two ends, then in air free water, drainage channel other end opening bolt is screwed on, complete the assembling of tensiometer body;
3rd step: the tensiometer body assembled is connected with data collecting instrument 8.
Specifically comprise step W1 in a first step to step W4, in step W1, all parts of tensiometer body are placed in the saturated cylinder of vacuum; In step W2, to add in air free water to the saturated cylinder of vacuum and all parts of submergence tensiometer body; In step W3, cover the lid of the saturated cylinder of vacuum; In step W4, vacuumize 2 to 3 hours.
Specifically to comprise the steps: installation the one O RunddichtringO 4 and the 2nd O RunddichtringO 10 in air free water in second step, pressure transducer 5 is put into top cover 2 inner, then cover afterbody cover plate 6 and connect.
Conventional tension meter saturation history is complicated, said by its instructions, and saturated conventional tension timing needs the operations such as artificial discharge bubble, and these complex operations, length consuming time, requires high to professional knowledge.Tensiometer body of the present invention assembles in air free water, ensures internal cavity bubble-free, and saturation process is simple, requires lower to professional knowledge.
Testing experiment:
Immediately the tensiometer after saturated is tested, first test the back to zero effect of tensiometer.By tensiometer at room temperature wipe surfaces free water, it is made freely to evaporate.When pressure is elevated to a certain degree, put back in water immediately.As shown in Figure 2, reading can very quick return to original state, and the speed of slaking process is obviously faster than free evaporation process.
And then test its vaporization enduring quality, as shown in Figure 3, when surface is freely evaporated, the suction value of tensiometer rose to 100kPa in 30 minutes, and the rising of reading continuation afterwards reaches 110kPa.Reading all can continue about 140 minutes at peak value place, there will be fluctuation-type subsequently and floats, and float numerical value between 100-110kPa, last tensiometer, 700 minutes time, is vaporized completely, and reading reduces to 0 kPa.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind for measuring the tensiometer of the flow of water of soil water, it is characterized in that: comprise tensiometer body, described tensiometer body comprises top cover (2), afterbody cover plate (6), pressure transducer (5), and set up the inductive means of hydraulic connection for free surface moisture in this tensiometer, described top cover (2) is provided with the hollow chamber of running through this top cover (2), the hollow chamber that described pressure transducer (5) is positioned at described top cover (2) is inner, described inductive means is installed on described top cover (2) one end, described afterbody cover plate (6) is installed on described top cover (2) other end, gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer (5) outside surface forms separate cavities (9), and this gap is for being greater than 0.1mm.
2. tensiometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gap between described pressure transducer (5) and described inductive means forms internal cavity, and it is 100mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3to 1000mm
3.
3. tensiometer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described top cover (2) is provided with first row water hole (3), described afterbody cover plate (6) is provided with second row water hole (11), described first row water hole (3) is communicated with for drainage channel with described second row water hole (11), described drainage channel one end open contacts with described inductive means, and described drainage channel other end opening is by shutoff.
4. tensiometer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described pressure transducer (5) and described afterbody cover plate (6) are fixedly linked, described afterbody cover plate (6) with described top cover (2) for liquid sealing coordinates, described pressure transducer (5) with described top cover (2) for liquid sealing coordinates.
5. tensiometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inductive means is pot clay end (1).
6. tensiometer according to claim 4, is characterized in that: this tensiometer also comprises data collecting instrument (8), and described data collecting instrument (8) receives by wired or wireless mode the data that pressure transducer (5) transmits.
7. tensiometer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: this tensiometer also comprises the cable (7) data of pressure transducer (5) being transferred to described data collecting instrument (8), described cable (7) one end is connected with described pressure transducer (5) through described afterbody cover plate (6), and described cable (7) other end is connected with described data collecting instrument (8).
8. tensiometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gap between described hollow chamber inside surface and described pressure transducer (5) outside surface is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.
9. tensiometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: it is 580mm that described internal cavity can hold stressed water body volume
3.
10. an assemble method for tensiometer described in claim 3,4,6,7, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. all parts of tensiometer body are placed in the saturated cylinder of closed vacuum, make all parts of the air free water submergence tensiometer body in the saturated cylinder of vacuum, vacuumize 2 to 3 hours;
B. pressure transducer (5) be mounted to the hollow chamber inside of described top cover (2) in air free water and at top cover (2) two ends, inductive means and afterbody cover plate (6) be installed respectively, then in air free water, drainage channel other end opening bolt is screwed on, complete the assembling of tensiometer body;
C. the tensiometer body assembled is connected with data collecting instrument (8).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210554025.7A CN103033447B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | For measuring tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water of soil water |
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| CN201210554025.7A CN103033447B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | For measuring tensiometer and the assemble method thereof of the flow of water of soil water |
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| CN103792336B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-03-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument and using method thereof |
| CN103884830A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Automatic temperature compensation type soil water tension meter system and determination method |
| CN105123447B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-02-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of irrigation decision system based on water consumpation equilibrium relation |
| CN109540680B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2022-08-05 | 长安大学 | Quick saturator of miniature tensiometer |
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| CN2677898Y (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-02-09 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Dynamic pore water-pressure measuring sensor |
| WO2009055900A1 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Hortau Inc. | Porous medium sensor |
| CN102183434B (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Soil water potential quick-test instrument and test method thereof |
| CN102226729B (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2013-02-13 | 广厦建设集团有限责任公司 | Earth pressure balance (EPB) shield residual soil pressure control model test apparatus |
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Owner name: CHINESE INST. OF WATER CONSERVANCY +. HYDRO-ELECTR Effective date: 20150703 Owner name: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SHENZHEN GRADUATE S Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHEN RUI Effective date: 20150703 |
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Inventor after: Chen Rui Inventor after: Liu Jian Inventor after: Deng Gang Inventor after: Qiao Jie Inventor after: Chen Xici Inventor before: Chen Rui Inventor before: Liu Jian Inventor before: Qiao Jie Inventor before: Han Xici |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: CHEN RUI LIU JIAN QIAO JIE HAN XICI TO: CHEN RUI LIU JIAN DENG GANG QIAO JIE CHEN XICI |
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Effective date of registration: 20150703 Address after: 518000 Guangdong city in Shenzhen Province, Nanshan District City Xili campus of Harbin Institute of Shenzhen University Applicant after: Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School Applicant after: China Institute of water resources and Hydropower Research Address before: 518000 building C, Innovation Research Institute, Nanshan District hi tech Zone, Guangdong, Shenzhen 1-6 Applicant before: Chen Rui |
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Correction item: Inventor Correct: Han Xici False: Chen Xici Number: 35 Volume: 31 |
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Correction item: Inventor Correct: Han Xici False: Chen Xici Number: 35 Page: The title page Volume: 31 |
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