CN103792336A - Field soil water potential measuring instrument as well as using method thereof - Google Patents
Field soil water potential measuring instrument as well as using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103792336A CN103792336A CN201410021728.2A CN201410021728A CN103792336A CN 103792336 A CN103792336 A CN 103792336A CN 201410021728 A CN201410021728 A CN 201410021728A CN 103792336 A CN103792336 A CN 103792336A
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Abstract
The invention provides a field soil water potential measurement instrument. The field soil water potential measurement instrument comprises a base, an induction sleeve, an outer sleeve and a pressure sensor, wherein the base is provided with a cavity body and a conical base; a water exhaust hole is formed in the conical base of the base, and is communicated with the cavity body; one end of the pressure sensor extends into the cavity body of the base, and is tightly connected with the base; the outer sleeve sleeves the outer sides of the pressure sensor and the base; the outer periphery of the base is provided with a groove around the cavity body; a prefabricated water permeation hole is also formed in the base; the prefabricated water permeation hole is communicated with the groove and the cavity body; the induction sleeve sleeves the base and covers the outer side of the groove. The field soil water potential measurement instrument provided by the invention is assembled in air-free water so as to guarantee that the internal cavity body has no air bubble; moreover, the saturation steps are simple, the saturation effect is good, and vaporization is difficult; the base is provided with the conical base, which is even beneficial to the setting of the field instrument, and the field instrument can be in favorable contact with the soil body. The invention also discloses a using method of the field soil water potential measurement instrument.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument and using method thereof.
Background technology
The flow of water in soil can not only reflect the dry wet situation of the soil body, can also effectively reflect the complexity of plant water suction.And soil water potential is applied in the subjects such as soil mechanics as another variable that is different from stress.Therefore, the measurement of soil water potential is vital, and especially on-the-spot soil water potential measurement data is more valuable.
In prior art, conventionally adopt Soil Tension to be used for measuring soil water gesture (hole pressure), it is widely used in agricultural, forestry and Geotechnical Engineering etc.But, conventional tension meter saturation history complexity, easily vaporization, is affected greatly by temperature and soil body wall pressure, and the malleation producing when installation can cause inductive means to damage, and can only the meter layer soil body flow of water, is not suitable for on-the-spot use.And due to on-the-spot complicated condition, measuring position is darker, use is restricted, it is fragile that installation sets in process flow of water induction, and without vacuumizing saturation history, this has caused saturation effect poor, measure reflecting time and precision not good, especially be not suitable for deep layer suction measurement, be only suitable for shop experiment and use, and buried depth process cannot guarantee and soil body close contact.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument, comprise base, induction sleeve, outer sleeve, pressure transducer, described base is provided with cavity and the cone end, at the bottom of the cone of described base, offer osculum, described osculum is communicated in cavity, one end of described pressure transducer is stretched in the cavity of described base and is closely connected with described base, described outer sleeve is socketed on described pressure transducer and chassis outer side, described base outside offers groove around described cavity, on described base, also offer prefabricated permeable hole, described prefabricated permeable hole is communicated with described groove and cavity, described induction jacket casing is connected to described base and is covered in this groove outside.
Further, described base comprises the base cavity wall and the cone end that enclose the described cavity of formation, and described groove is opened in described base cavity wall.
Further, described prefabricated permeable hole diameter is 2mm to 10mm.
Further, described prefabricated permeable hole diameter is 2mm.
Further, the corresponding osculum of described on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument is also provided with osculum bolt and O RunddichtringO, and described osculum bolt and O RunddichtringO are used for sealing osculum sealing.
Further, between described pressure transducer and outer tube, be provided with the gap of 0.5mm to 2mm.
Further, the gap between described pressure transducer and outer tube is 1.5mm.
A using method for on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument, described on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument comprises base, induction sleeve, outer sleeve, pressure transducer and osculum bolt, described using method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: turn on osculum bolt, base and pressure transducer are placed in to the saturated cylinder of vacuum of sealing; Add air free water to the saturated cylinder of vacuum, make air free water submergence base and pressure transducer in the saturated cylinder of vacuum; The saturated cylinder of sealed vacuum, and vacuumize 2 to 3 hours;
Step 2: in air free water, pressure transducer is mounted to above the cavity of described base;
Step 3: osculum bolt is slowly screwed into the osculum of base in air free water, sealing osculum;
Step 4: take out the base that pressure transducer is housed, outer sleeve is installed at an upper portion thereof;
Step 5: described on-the-spot tensiometer is mounted to desired location.
Further, described on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument is also provided with cable and data collector is seen, described using method is further comprising the steps of: step 6: by cable, pressure transducer is connected to data collector and carries out data recording.
Further, described using method is further comprising the steps of: mounting O-shaped O-ring seal in air free water.
Compared to prior art, on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument of the present invention assembles in air free water, guarantee that internal cavity is without bubble, and saturation process is simple, and saturation effect is good, is difficult for vaporization, is applicable to on-the-spot complicated condition; Osculum is set, has avoided the damage to inductive means of the malleation that produces in installation process; Base arranges the cone end, is more conducive to setting of field instrumentation, and can guarantees to contact with the soil body well; Power transmission step design, has avoided setting the damage to inductive means of impulsive force in process; Dwindled internal cavity volume, shortened reflecting time, and the flow of water of applicable different depth is measured; In the time that there is wall pressure in the external world, due to the protection of outer tube, pressure transducer does not stress, and has avoided the impact of wall pressure; When ambient temperature changes, due to the protection of outer tube, temperature can not have influence on pressure transducer fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing explanation and embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Refer to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument 10, comprise base 11, induction sleeve 13, pressure transducer 15, outer sleeve 17.Base 11 offers cavity 111, and induction sleeve 13 is socketed on base 11, and pressure transducer 15 parts are arranged in the cavity 111 of base 11, and outer sleeve 17 is socketed on pressure transducer 15 and outer sleeve 17 outsides.Be understandable that, on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument 10 in the present embodiment is also provided with cable 21 and data collector 23, cable 21 is connected in pressure transducer 15 and its data that sense are sent to pressure data collector 23, its structure, function and principle are consistent with prior art, do not repeat them here.
In the present embodiment, base 11 is roughly cone foundation shape, and it comprises and encloses at the bottom of the cone that forms the base cavity wall 113 of cavity 111 and be arranged at base cavity wall 113 bottoms 115.The cone end 115 is taper, and the scene of being convenient to on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument 10 is installed or sets, and is especially applicable to the deep layer flow of water and measures.In the present embodiment, base cavity wall 113 encloses as column, and its inside offers cavity 111, and cavity 111 is offered by base 11 tops, and axially at the bottom of the cone of base 11,115 extends along base 11, and cavity 111 is towards the sealing of cone one end, the ends 115.In the present embodiment, in order to improve the precision of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument, described cavity 111 diameters are 5mm to 10mm, and the volume that can hold stressed water body is 0.5mL to 10mL.As optimal way, described internal cavity 111 diameters are 6mm, and can hold stressed water body volume is 5mL.
The outer peripheral face of base cavity wall 113 offers groove 117, and induction sleeve 13 is socketed on base cavity wall 113 and is covered in this groove 117 outsides.Induction sleeve 13 is responded between sleeve 13 and the bottom land of groove 117 and is provided with gap, thereby has certain water capacity.Induction sleeve 13 is fixedly connected on the base cavity wall 113 of base 11.In the present embodiment, the assembled tensiometer of measuring for the deep layer soil body flow of water is also provided with pad 31, and pad 31 is bonded in outer sleeve 17 and is arranged at outer sleeve 17 and responds between sleeve 13.Pad 31 thickness are 1-5mm, and as optimal way, described pad 31 thickness are 2mm.In the present embodiment, the external diameter of induction sleeve 13 is consistent with the external diameter at the cone end 115, gos deep into the deep layer soil body thereby be convenient to on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument 10 of the present invention.In the present embodiment, induction sleeve 13 adopts the pottery clay plates of high air-entry value or microwell plate to make, and which is provided with micropore, forms capillary effect, and the maximum diameter of hole of described micropore is 0.001mm, and air-entry value is 100kPa.In the present embodiment, induction sleeve 13 by the cone of epoxy gluing and base 11 at the bottom of 115, epoxy resin intensity is 2MPa.
Between the groove 117 of base 11 and cavity 111, also offer the prefabricated permeable hole 119 of communication groove 117 and cavity 111.In order to be communicated with cavity 111 and induction sleeve 13, described prefabricated permeable hole 119 diameters are 2mm to 10mm, and as optimal way, described prefabricated permeable hole 119 diameters are 2mm.
At the bottom of the cone of described base 11,115 offer osculum 1151, and osculum 1151 is communicated in the cavity 111 of base 11.Under use state, osculum 1151 arranges downward or tiltedly.Damage for fear of the malleation producing in installation process to pressure transducer and inductive means, the diameter of osculum 1151 is 2mm to 5mm, as optimal way, the diameter of described osculum 1151 is 2mm.The corresponding osculum 1151 of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument 10 is also provided with osculum bolt 31 and O RunddichtringO 33, and described osculum bolt 31 and O RunddichtringO 33 are for sealing osculum 1151 when needed.
A using method for on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument 10, comprises the steps:
Step 1: turn on osculum bolt 31, the base of on-the-spot tensiometer body 11 and pressure transducer 15 are placed in to the saturated cylinder of vacuum of sealing; Add air free water to the saturated cylinder of vacuum, make the existing base 11 of air free water submergence and pressure transducer 15 in the saturated cylinder of vacuum; Cover the lid of the saturated cylinder of vacuum, the saturated cylinder of sealed vacuum, and vacuumize 2 to 3 hours, thus after making to separate, the saturated saturation effect that makes is better;
Step 2: in air free water, pressure transducer 15 is mounted to above the cavity 111 of described base 11;
Step 3: osculum bolt 31 is slowly screwed into the osculum 1151 of base 11 in air free water, sealing osculum 1151;
Step 4: take out the base 11 that pressure transducer 15 is housed, at its top, outer sleeve 17 is installed;
Step 5: adopt static(al) or propulsion system, described on-the-spot tensiometer is mounted to design attitude.Be greater than the described outer tube length of a joint during when fathoming, can in installation process, splice outer tube described in more piece, until arrive projected depth,
Step 6: Bonding pressure sensor 15 cables 21 to data collector 23, record data;
Described using method is further comprising the steps of: mounting O-shaped O-ring seal 33 in air free water.
On-site soil flow of water measuring instrument 10 of the present invention assembles in air free water, guarantee that internal cavity 111 is without bubble, and saturation process is simple, and saturation effect is good, is difficult for vaporization, is applicable to on-the-spot complicated condition; Osculum 1151 is set, has avoided the damage to inductive means of the malleation that produces in installation process; Base 11 arranges the cone end 115, is more conducive to setting of field instrumentation, and can guarantees to contact with the soil body well; Power transmission step 173 designs, and has avoided setting the damage to inductive means of impulsive force in process; Dwindled internal cavity 111 volumes, shortened reflecting time, and the flow of water of applicable different depth is measured; In the time that there is wall pressure in the external world, due to the protection of outer tube, pressure transducer 15 does not stress, and has avoided the impact of wall pressure; When ambient temperature changes, due to the protection of outer tube, temperature can not have influence on pressure transducer 15 fast.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument, it is characterized in that: comprise base, induction sleeve, outer sleeve, pressure transducer, described base is provided with cavity and the cone end, at the bottom of the cone of described base, offer osculum, described osculum is communicated in cavity, one end of described pressure transducer is stretched in the cavity of described base and is closely connected with described base, described outer sleeve is socketed on described pressure transducer and chassis outer side, described base outside offers groove around described cavity, on described base, also offer prefabricated permeable hole, described prefabricated permeable hole is communicated with described groove and cavity, described induction jacket casing is connected to described base and is covered in this groove outside.
2. on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base comprises and enclose the base cavity wall and the cone end that form described cavity, and described groove is opened in described base cavity wall.
3. on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described prefabricated permeable hole diameter is 2mm to 10mm.
4. on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described prefabricated permeable hole diameter is 2mm.
5. on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the corresponding osculum of described on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument is also provided with osculum bolt and O RunddichtringO, and described osculum bolt and O RunddichtringO are used for sealing osculum sealing.
6. on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gap that is provided with 0.5mm to 2mm between described pressure transducer and outer tube.
7. on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the gap between described pressure transducer and outer tube is 1.5mm.
8. a using method for on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument, described on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument comprises base, induction sleeve, outer sleeve, pressure transducer and osculum bolt, it is characterized in that: described using method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: turn on osculum bolt, base and pressure transducer are placed in to the saturated cylinder of vacuum of sealing; Add air free water to the saturated cylinder of vacuum, make air free water submergence base and pressure transducer in the saturated cylinder of vacuum; The saturated cylinder of sealed vacuum, and vacuumize 2 to 3 hours;
Step 2: in air free water, pressure transducer is mounted to above the cavity of described base;
Step 3: osculum bolt is slowly screwed into the osculum of base in air free water, sealing osculum;
Step 4: take out the base that pressure transducer is housed, outer sleeve is installed at an upper portion thereof;
Step 5: described on-the-spot tensiometer is mounted to desired location.
9. the using method of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument is also provided with cable and data collector is seen, described using method is further comprising the steps of: step 6: by cable, pressure transducer is connected to data collector and carries out data recording.
10. the using method of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described using method is further comprising the steps of: mounting O-shaped O-ring seal in air free water.
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| CN201410021728.2A CN103792336B (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | A kind of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument and using method thereof |
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| CN201410021728.2A CN103792336B (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | A kind of on-site soil flow of water measuring instrument and using method thereof |
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| CN104391105A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-04 | 南京林业大学 | Water-free soil matrix potential profile measurement device |
| CN104849771A (en) * | 2015-05-23 | 2015-08-19 | 韩少鹏 | Device and method for exploring ground soil layer in geotechnical engineering |
| CN107102122A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-08-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of the continuity measurement apparatus and application method of live soil body retention state |
| CN107132337A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Field assembled multi-layer Soil flow of water level measurement device and application method |
| CN107219346A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | New soil tensometer and soil water potential measuring method |
| CN108872312A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-11-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of high range soil water potential device and application method that saturation is easy |
| CN110455510A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-15 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of multipurpose Working head device for vacuumizing with depth measurement |
| CN110608835A (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2019-12-24 | 韩少鹏 | Soft rock ground stress testing device and soft rock ground stress testing method for geotechnical exploration engineering |
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| CN104391105A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-04 | 南京林业大学 | Water-free soil matrix potential profile measurement device |
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| CN107132337A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Field assembled multi-layer Soil flow of water level measurement device and application method |
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| CN110608835A (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2019-12-24 | 韩少鹏 | Soft rock ground stress testing device and soft rock ground stress testing method for geotechnical exploration engineering |
| CN110608835B (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2021-03-09 | 山东东信岩土工程有限公司 | Soft rock ground stress testing device and soft rock ground stress testing method for geotechnical exploration engineering |
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| CN108872312B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-08-04 | 河海大学 | Simple and convenient saturated high-range soil water potential device and use method |
| CN110455510A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-15 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of multipurpose Working head device for vacuumizing with depth measurement |
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Inventor after: Chen Rui Inventor after: Liu Jian Inventor after: Huang Junwen Inventor after: Wang Ruoxuan Inventor after: Li Jinhui Inventor before: Chen Rui Inventor before: Liu Jian Inventor before: Huang Junwen Inventor before: Wang Ruoxuan |
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