CN103028082B - 治疗脑血管疾病的中药及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗脑血管疾病的中药，其特征在于是由下列重量份的原料制成：人参0.7-1.2、水蛭0.4-0.6、郁金2.5-3.5、石菖蒲1.5-2.5、桂枝2.5-3.5、全蝎0.1-0.3、冰片0.05-0.15。本发明的药物组合物毒副作用小，疗效显著，本发明的药物可以显著延长大鼠实验性颈动脉血栓形成时间，显著抑制大鼠血小板凝集，在抑制血小板凝集，抗血栓形成及治疗血栓性疾病，治疗缺血性脑血管疾病，治疗血流循环障碍等方面有显著疗效。无任何毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于一种中药，具体是一种治疗脑血管疾病的中药及其制备方法。
背景技术
脑血管病，是指由于各种原因导致的脑血管的堵塞或破裂，致使脑血管功能障碍，引起相关症状，它是一种危害人民健康，威胁生命，影响劳动力的常见病和多发病；常见的脑血管病大致可以分为缺血性脑中风和出血性脑中风：出血性脑中风包括脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血两种疾病，缺血性脑中风包括脑血栓、脑栓塞、腔隙性脑梗塞和短暂性脑缺血发作等四种病。
我国心脑血管疾病患者已经超过2.7 亿人，每年死于心脑血管疾病近500 万人，占我国每年总死亡病因的50％。
现有技术中，临床对脑血管疾病的治疗，大致分为：强降压、扩展血管、活血化瘀、通络等手段。普遍效果不佳，或存在副作用，影响效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种治疗脑血管疾病的中药及其制备方法，具有平肝熄风、化痰通络、活血通经、益气助阳、散瘀止血功效，治疗脑血管疾病效果好，尤其适用于脑缺血的治疗。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种治疗脑血管疾病的中药，其特征在于是由下列重量份的原料制成：人参0.7-1.2、水蛭0.4-0.6、郁金2.5-3.5、石菖蒲1.5-2.5、桂枝2.5-3.5、全蝎0.1-0.3、冰片0.05-0.15。
所述的治疗脑血管疾病的中药，其特征在于是由下列重量份的原料制成：人参1、水蛭0.5、郁金3、石菖蒲2、桂枝3、全蝎0.2、冰片0. 1。
所述的治疗脑血管疾病的中药的制备方法，其特征在于：选用下列之一工艺：
（1）人参用70%乙醇回流提取，减压浓缩至无醇味，用正丁醇萃取，正丁醇液浓缩至清膏，备用；郁金、石菖蒲、桂用70%乙醇回流提取，浓缩至无醇味，用乙酸乙酯萃取，收集萃取液，回收溶剂，得乙酸乙酯清膏，备用；水蛭、全蝎用水煎煮，水煎液浓缩、用60%乙醇醇沉，浓缩得清膏，备用；上述三清膏合并，混入冰片细粉；
（2）人参、水蛭、郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝、全蝎6味全部用70%乙醇回流提取，浓缩清膏；混入冰片细粉；
（3）、郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝3味加水提取挥发油，备用；水液浓缩 →醇沉 →浓缩清膏，备用；人参、水蛭、全蝎3味用60%乙醇回流提取，浓缩至清膏；上述挥发油、清膏合并，加入冰片；
（4）、人参、水蛭、郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝、全蝎等6味全水煎后，浓缩清膏，混入冰片细粉。
方中人参补气固脱，水蛭逐瘀通络，全蝎熄风镇痛，散结止痛为君药，配以郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝以行气解郁，豁痰益智、通络醒神为臣药，以助君药之力，佐以冰片以清热开窍。全放主次分明，配伍合理，疗效确切。
现代药理研究表明，人参皂苷类成分皂甙为人参生理活性的物质基础，能调节中枢神经系统兴奋过程和抑制过程的平衡，对脑缺血/再灌注损伤均有保护作用，根据皂苷的性质宜采用稀醇提取。郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝含有挥发性成分为脂溶性成分，石菖蒲对乙醇引起的记忆再现缺失有改善作用，石菖蒲能保护大脑因缺氧引起的脑功能减退，改善缺氧造成的记忆巩固障碍，桂枝能增加冠状动脉血流量。水蛭有效成分为水蛭素，为多肽类成分，易溶于水。文献报道，水蛭素能阻止凝血酶对纤维蛋白的作用，阻碍血液凝固。水蛭素对实验性血栓形成有明显抑制作用，对凝血酶所致之实验性静脉血栓有溶解作用，水蛭醇制剂的作用较水制剂的作用为强。全蝎有效成分为蝎毒，系一种类似毒神经毒的蛋白质，蝎毒素含多种毒性和非毒性多肽, 这些多肽对神经系统有广泛的生物活性。蝎毒素其含硫量较高, 其盐酸盐易溶于水。冰片，又名片脑，是龙脑香科植物龙脑香的树脂和挥发油加工品提取获得的结晶，是近乎于纯粹的右旋龙脑，冰片研成细粉直接入药。
本发明的药物组合物毒副作用小，疗效显著，本发明的药物可以显著延长大鼠实验性颈动脉血栓形成时间，显著抑制大鼠血小板凝集，在抑制血小板凝集，抗血栓形成及治疗血栓性疾病，治疗缺血性脑血管疾病，治疗血流循环障碍等方面有显著疗效。无任何毒副作用。
具体实施方式
一种治疗脑血管疾病的中药，处方组成：人参1g、水蛭0.5g、郁金3g、石菖蒲2g、桂枝3g、全蝎0.2g、冰片0. 1g，每日服用量生药为9.8g,（4.9g生药/次，日服2次）
制备方法：郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝3味加水提取挥发油，备用；水液浓缩 →醇沉 →浓缩清膏，备用；人参、水蛭、全蝎3味用60%乙醇回流提取，浓缩至清膏；上述挥发油、清膏合并，加入冰片，制成滴丸即得。
本发明药物用于治疗脑血栓患者共患50例，其中70岁以上33例，男27例，女23，病程半年至三年不等。
在原治疗基础上，停用原服用的药物，服用本发明药物，每天一剂，二个月为一疗程，连续服用三个疗程。
疗效判定标准
(1)、显效：
①、神清、肢体、语言功能恢复；
②、可留有轻度神经功能损害；
③、生活能自理。
(2)、有效：
①、神清；
②、肢体、语言功能有改善。
(3)、无效：症状无任何改善。
实验效果
经过六个月的实验，结果为：显效24例，有效21例，无效4例。本发明的中药，对脑血管疾病中的脑血栓形成具有良好的疗效，总有效率达95.8％。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗脑血管疾病的中药，其特征在于是由下列重量份的原料制成：人参0.7-1.2、水蛭0.4-0.6、郁金2.5-3.5、石菖蒲1.5-2.5、桂枝2.5-3.5、全蝎0.1-0.3、冰片0.05-0.15。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脑血管疾病的中药，其特征在于是由下列重量份的原料制成：人参1、水蛭0.5、郁金3、石菖蒲2、桂枝3、全蝎0.2、冰片0. 1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脑血管疾病的中药的制备方法，其特征在于：选用下列之一工艺：
（1）人参用70%乙醇回流提取，减压浓缩至无醇味，用正丁醇萃取，正丁醇液浓缩至清膏，备用；郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝用70%乙醇回流提取，浓缩至无醇味，用乙酸乙酯萃取，收集萃取液，回收溶剂，得乙酸乙酯清膏，备用；水蛭、全蝎用水煎煮，水煎液浓缩、用60%乙醇醇沉，浓缩得清膏，备用；上述三清膏合并，混入冰片细粉；
（2）人参、水蛭、郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝、全蝎6味全部用70%乙醇回流提取，浓缩清膏；混入冰片细粉；
（3）郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝3味加水提取挥发油，备用；水液浓缩 →醇沉 →浓缩清膏，备用；人参、水蛭、全蝎3味用60%乙醇回流提取，浓缩至清膏；上述挥发油、清膏合并，加入冰片；
（4）人参、水蛭、郁金、石菖蒲、桂枝、全蝎等6味全水煎后，浓缩清膏，混入冰片细粉。
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