CN1030210C - 轴流式涡轮机 - Google Patents

轴流式涡轮机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1030210C
CN1030210C CN93104157A CN93104157A CN1030210C CN 1030210 C CN1030210 C CN 1030210C CN 93104157 A CN93104157 A CN 93104157A CN 93104157 A CN93104157 A CN 93104157A CN 1030210 C CN1030210 C CN 1030210C
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China
Prior art keywords
guide vane
row
axial flow
flow turbine
casing
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN93104157A
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English (en)
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CN1080356A (zh
Inventor
F·米勒
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ABB Schweiz Holding AG
ABB AB
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Asea Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05D2230/61—Assembly methods using limited numbers of standard modules which can be adapted by machining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/912—Interchangeable parts to vary pumping capacity or size of pump

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

在一个带有一排可个别调节的导流叶片(8)和一排转子叶片(5)的轴流式涡轮机内，导流叶片可以由一个支托在一个机匣(4)上并穿过一个叶片支承体(3)的调节轴(9)予以旋转。转子叶片的叶尖与一个罩壳(7)密封地接触。为了使流道的轮廓与不同的轮叶组(5，8)的高度能相协调，只有叶片支承体(3)和罩壳(7)被设计成是可以变换的，而在其它方面都保持机器几何构形不变。

Description

本发明涉及一种带有至少一排可个别调节的导流叶片和至少一排转子叶片的轴流式涡轮机，在其中，导流叶片可以由一个支托在一个机匣上并穿过一个叶片支承体的调节轴予以调节，在其中，转子叶片的叶尖与一个罩壳密封接触。
这种涡轮机，例如就废气涡轮增压器而论已为人们十分熟悉。作为改进加速度和扭矩特性的应急控制，除了在压缩机上的导流叶片调节之外，涡轮机上的导流叶片调节也是一种可能的措施。欧洲专利EP253234A1提供了这种情况的一个例子。可调节的涡轮导流叶片的作用是企图对一个给定的通过量产生较大的热落差。涡轮机的功率，涡轮机的转速以及，最后，增压压力都可以由于这措施得以增大。因而可调节的叶片在“热”运转时不会被卡住，一般地说，它们在装置时必须留有适当间隙。特别在闭合的状态下，在叶片尖端和根部的间隙流动能够很大程度地扰乱流道内的主流。此外，由于在轴向和圆周方向上作用在可调节的叶片上的流体压力大，叶片通常需要在尖部和根部将其固定在支承处以便缓解在调节轴上的负荷。
此外，改变轮叶组的高度以便使一个给定大小的涡轮机适应于一种质量流也是一种已知的技术。
因此，本发明的一个目的是在本说明书开头提到的那种类型的轴流式涡轮机中，通过使导流叶片转动并调整轮叶组的高度的方式使可变的涡轮机几何构形成为可能。
根据本发明，这一目的是这样达成的，即提供一种带有至少一排可个别调节的导流叶片和至少一排转子叶片的轴流式涡轮机，在其中 ，导流叶片可以由一个支托在一个机匣上并穿过一个叶片支承体的调节轴予以旋转，在其中，转子叶片的叶尖与一个罩壳密封地接触，除了轮叶组之外，只有叶片支承体和罩壳被设计成是可以调换的，而在其它方面都保持不变的机器几何构形以便使流道的轮廓与不同的轮叶组高度相协调。
这一解决办法的优点之一是当元件调换时，其调节机构不会损坏。
参看下述结合附图所作详细说明可以对本发明以及其许多附属的优点获得更为全面的了解，其中唯一的附图示出本发明一个实施例的涡轮机的部分纵向截面图，涡轮机使用的是一个带有轴向/径向出口的单级式废气涡轮增压器。
现在参看附图，其中工作介质的流向由箭头指出，而其中只有有助于理解本发明的主要元件才被示出（未被示出的设备部件有，例如，压缩机部分，机匣、包括轴承的转子等等），图1中示意地示出的在燃气涡轮机中界定流道1的壁在一边有内毂2，而在另一边有外叶片支承体3。后者悬挂在机匣4内和一个设置在上游的进气流机匣14内（其悬挂方式图中没有详细示出）。在转子叶片5的部位处，流道1在里面由转子轮盘6界定而在外面由罩壳7界定。
可调节的导流叶片8最好与它们各自的调节轴9连成一体，一个轴环15将轴9连接到叶片叶型上。轴9支承在一个穿过机匣4和部分地穿过叶片支承体3的衬套10上。在其从衬套10突出的端头处，轴被连接在一个回转杆11上。该回转杆由一个销钉12连接到一个调节环13上。
叶栅中导流叶片8的实际调节通过例如压缩机制造业中所熟悉的致动装置（未示出）经连杆系9，11，12，13而产生。这种调节最好作为诸如增压压力，转速等操作参数的函数自动地产生。
回转杆11的中心部分11a具体形成一块片簧。在装配好以后，此 片簧是预载的并以纵向的方向作用在调节轴9上。后者由此装置驱使径向向内移动穿过衬套10，直至导流叶片的叶尖碰到毂上时为止。
机器的结构是以这样的方式设计的，即除了在运转时对导流叶片所作的调节外，流道的高度也能加以变化以适应不同的质量流。为此目的，叶片支承体3和罩壳7制成能按照图中虚线所示予以变换。调节机构9，11，12，13对此不受影响。导流叶片的全长同样相对于设计的情况没有改变，以导流叶片而论，调节轴9的轴向长度也同样维持不变。只有轴环15的高度才与有效叶片叶型的“新”长度相协调。当然，这一措施只有在机器开启时才能实现。
显然，根据上面的论述有可能对本发明做出许多改进和变异。因此，应该理解到在权利要求书的范围之内，本发明可以用不同于在这里所具体叙述的其它方式予以实现。

Claims (1)

1、一种带有至少一排可个别调节的导流叶片和至少一排转子叶片的轴流式涡轮机，在其中，导流叶片可以由一个支托在一个机匣上并穿过一个叶片支承体的调节轴予以旋转，在其中，转子叶片的叶尖与一个罩壳密封地接触，其特征在于：除了轮叶组之外，只有叶片支承体和罩壳被设计成是可以变换的，而在其它方面都保持机器几何构形不变，以便使流道的轮廓与不同的轮叶组的高度能相协调。
CN93104157A 1992-04-25 1993-04-24 轴流式涡轮机 Expired - Fee Related CN1030210C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4213709.8 1992-04-25
DE4213709A DE4213709A1 (de) 1992-04-25 1992-04-25 Axialdurchströmte Turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1080356A CN1080356A (zh) 1994-01-05
CN1030210C true CN1030210C (zh) 1995-11-01

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CN93104157A Expired - Fee Related CN1030210C (zh) 1992-04-25 1993-04-24 轴流式涡轮机

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US (1) US5342169A (zh)
EP (1) EP0567784B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0610687A (zh)
KR (1) KR930021928A (zh)
CN (1) CN1030210C (zh)
CZ (1) CZ285117B6 (zh)
DE (2) DE4213709A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK0567784T3 (zh)
FI (1) FI931834A (zh)
PL (1) PL298654A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2060399C1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

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CN106437870A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-22 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 轴流涡轮增压器可调喷嘴装置

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JP4247214B2 (ja) * 2004-10-29 2009-04-02 三菱重工業株式会社 排気タービン過給機
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106437870A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-22 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 轴流涡轮增压器可调喷嘴装置
CN106437870B (zh) * 2016-08-31 2018-09-11 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 轴流涡轮增压器可调喷嘴装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0567784T3 (da) 1996-10-21
JPH0610687A (ja) 1994-01-18
KR930021928A (ko) 1993-11-23
DE4213709A1 (de) 1993-10-28
EP0567784A1 (de) 1993-11-03
CZ285117B6 (cs) 1999-05-12
FI931834A0 (fi) 1993-04-23
DE59302726D1 (de) 1996-07-04
RU2060399C1 (ru) 1996-05-20
PL298654A1 (en) 1993-11-02
CN1080356A (zh) 1994-01-05
EP0567784B1 (de) 1996-05-29
CZ72093A3 (en) 1993-11-17
FI931834A (fi) 1993-10-26
US5342169A (en) 1994-08-30

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