CN103019255B - Sun-following device group - Google Patents

Sun-following device group Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103019255B
CN103019255B CN201110279989.0A CN201110279989A CN103019255B CN 103019255 B CN103019255 B CN 103019255B CN 201110279989 A CN201110279989 A CN 201110279989A CN 103019255 B CN103019255 B CN 103019255B
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China
Prior art keywords
sun
following device
device group
azimuth
angle
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201110279989.0A
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CN103019255A (en
Inventor
刘津平
刘文韬
高霞
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JIANGXI JP NEW ENERGY CO Ltd
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JIANGXI JP NEW ENERGY CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201110279989.0A priority Critical patent/CN103019255B/en
Publication of CN103019255A publication Critical patent/CN103019255A/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of sun-following device group, this device group includes at least two sun-following device, each sun-following device includes Chaoyang panel, elevation angle governor motion, azimuth adjustment mechanism, orientation support, support, these sun-following devices are distributed in one or more declination angle rotating shaft, connecting by corresponding tooth bar, chain or worm screw directly or by coupled gear, sprocket wheel or worm gear between many declination angle rotating shafts, in each sun-following device, the azimuth gear in the rotating shaft of azimuth, sprocket wheel or worm gear are connected by corresponding tooth bar, chain or worm screw.

Description

Sun-following device group
Technical field
The invention belongs to clean energy resource, photoelectric conversion device manufactures field, particularly to a kind of sun-following device group.
Background technology
The sun ceaselessly radiates substantial amounts of electromagnetic wave to boundless and indistinct cosmic space a moment, delivered substantial amounts of light and heat to the earth.Too Sun can be a kind of huge natural energy source that the mankind can infinitely use down, and as a kind of cleaning, there is no any pollution The energy is increasingly subject to and causes the concern of countries in the world and great interest.
The mankind have long history to the utilization of solar energy, as utilized steel four sides mirror focusing sunlight to light a fire, utilize the sun Agricultural byproducts etc. can be dried.So far, the utilization of solar energy is the most increasingly extensive, and it includes the solar thermal utilization of solar energy, the sun The solar photovoltaic utilization of energy and the photochemistry utilization etc. of solar energy.
But, due to technical problem, the price of the most business-like photovoltaic power generation apparatus/solaode is the highest, opto-electronic conversion effect Rate is too low.In urban electricity system, high one-time investment cost the most more photovoltaic power generation apparatus/solar battery product Popularization adds difficulty, large-scale development and utilize photovoltaic solar generate electricity, improves the photoelectric transformation efficiency of battery and reduces production Cost becomes core place.
Therefore, at utmost utilize the sun (energy), raising photoelectric transformation efficiency, reduction production cost, expanding the scale of production becomes Develop, produce the theme of photovoltaic power generation apparatus/solaode now.
Chinese patent CN201020154896.6 proposes a kind of tracking device realizing the interval tracking of solar light three-dimensional variable partition, This tracking device is followed the tracks of driven motor and depression angle-tracking to drive motor structure by tracking transducer casing, tracking control unit casing, level Become, in tracking transducer casing, be mounted with four silicon cells and a cross light barrier, install in tracking control unit casing Light-operated startup testing circuit and light-operated three-dimensional subregion follow-up control circuit, light-operated startup testing circuit is to weather conditions and light intensity shape Condition carries out detecting and control light-operated three-dimensional subregion follow-up control circuit and two driven by motor solar panels follow the tracks of solar motion, Thus solar panel can be made to keep and sunlight upright position, but three-dimensional can not follow the tracks of the sun.
Chinese patent prospectus CN01102265.5 propose a kind of be mainly used in Solar use follow the tracks of the sun method and Device.Follow the tracks of the sun to be the decile time, intend the interval adjustment of subangle.By earth rotation week age section and the revolution of the earth one week Time period is divided into several and adjusts time interval, and relative to the angle of the earth, the sun in each adjustment time interval is changed each The distribution angle of rotation in simulation equator in simulation ground adjusts the angle of pitch of gear and simulation ecliptic and adjusts on gear, thus produce relative to The angle interval of Fixed Time Interval, adjusts an angle by servo control mechanism in respective each time interval, and loop cycle is adjusted Whole.And provide a sun tracker according to the method.But this device can not follow the tracks of the sun by three-dimensional linkage.
Chinese patent prospectus CN01124176.4 propose a kind of be mainly used in Solar use follow the tracks of the sun method and Device.And provide a sun tracker according to the method.This sun tracing method includes: A. is by the one of mean solar time week Apparent motion time period day and an annual apparent motion time period are respectively divided into the time period of several certain suitable durations.B. by the sun It is decomposed into the earth with the variable angle of the plane of reference parallel with the earth's axis of the line of earth surface any point and this point to revolve around the sun With two variable angle of earth rotation, the former is elevation angle change, and the latter is that angle of rotation changes, the tracking to the change of the two angle It is to carry out on the plane of reference parallel with the earth's axis of this point.If C. one annual apparent motion time period of the revolution of the earth being divided into Dry adjusts time interval, and the angle change Sequential Mapping that the revolution of the earth in each adjustment time interval is crossed the sun adjusts at the elevation angle On gear, thus produce and be spaced relative to the angle of Fixed Time Interval, by adjusting the angle adjustment model of gear connection with the elevation angle Enclose and adjust an angle for positive and negative 23 degree of 26 points of servounit mechanisms of 21 seconds in each time interval, i.e. complete low-angle tracking. D. the time period one mean solar day of earth rotation is divided into several and adjusts time interval, by the earth in each adjustment time interval Adjust on gear at angle of rotation from the angle of rotation angle change Sequential Mapping turning over the sun, thus between producing relative to the set time Every angle interval, by with angle of rotation adjust gear connection servounit mechanism each time interval adjust an angle, I.e. complete angle of rotation to follow the tracks of.E. the elevation angle is adjusted gear map the revolution of the earth the most equal angular time interval order true solar time with The radial Sequential Mapping of angle of rotation differential seat angle arc length caused by time difference mean solar time adjusts on gear side at the elevation angle, and by corresponding Association mechanical mechanism reaction, on angle of rotation adjusts, adjusts the adjustment of gear and impact that angle of rotation is adjusted by jet lag with the elevation angle, One time difference Monday adjusted circulation, i.e. completed time difference adjustment.F. low-angle tracking and angle of rotation are followed the tracks of and the time difference adjusts and is superposed to one Individual holonomic system, loop cycle adjusts.But this device can not follow the tracks of the sun by three-dimensional linkage.
Chinese patent CN02222766.0 proposes a kind of Micro Energy Lose timing sun tracker, a step-by-step movement machinery biography driven Motivation structure and microcomputer control circuit part composition.The mechanical transmission mechanism that step-by-step movement drives is by motor, worm gear and bar group Become.Microcomputer control circuit part by MOSFET stepper motor driving circuit, photoelectrical position sensor circuit, singlechip chip, Real-time timepiece chip and keyboard-display circuit composition.It utilizes the earth with the rule of rotation per hour 15 degree, passes through microcomputerized control The mechanical transmission mechanism that system and step-by-step movement drive makes solar rays enter solar energy equipment with the angle of incidence close to 0 degree, improves too The solar energy conversion efficiency of sun energy device.But this device needs relatively high cost.
Chinese patent prospectus CN03109488.0 proposes a kind of single driving solar tracking system, including fixed rack, angle of rotation Follower, elevation angle adjustment mechanism and time difference regulating mechanism.Utilize single drive the angle of rotation realizing the sun to follow the tracks of, the time difference adjust and Low-angle tracking, has simplified structure;Angle of rotation follower includes main working shaft, reducing gear, servomotor and system controller, The outfan of system controller connects servomotor, and servo motor output shaft is coaxially connected with the input of reducing gear, reductor The outfan of structure is coaxially connected with main working shaft, and main working shaft rotating support is on fixed rack and parallel with the earth's axis, and angle of rotation is followed the tracks of One cycle of operation of mechanism is to rotate 1 week for 24 hours of the mean solar time, and the main working shaft of Continuous Drive is servo-actuated when apparent motion on solar day Angle changes;One of described angle of rotation follower circulation step number used every the most step by step time an a length of mean solar day divide exactly step Number duration, adjusts main working shaft interval, the most servo-actuated angular variable when apparent motion on solar day;Described time difference regulating mechanism bag Including screw rod, time difference adjusting module ring, time difference adjusting lever and time difference transmission, time difference adjusting module ring is by multiple time difference adjusting modules Flexible connection forms, and the lateral surface of each time difference adjusting module has along time difference adjusting module anchor ring the circular arc that engages with described screw rod Thread groove;The time difference adjustment tank along anchor ring is had, on every piece of time difference adjusting module in the internal ring side of described time difference adjusting module ring Time difference adjustment tank is to module should adjusting the time difference of mean solar time of time interval and true solar time and reflected in solar tracking system Hour angle arc length curve, the time difference adjustment tank of each time difference adjusting module is continuously, Guan Bi and unduplicated, whole time difference adjustment tank The hour angle arc length curve that the mean solar time in a corresponding tropic year was reflected in solar tracking system with time difference true solar time;Described Time difference adjusting lever is fixed on fixed rack, and its outer end is inserted perpendicularly in described time difference adjustment tank;Time difference regulating mechanism one work Circulation was 1 tropic year, and screw drive time difference adjusting module ring rotates 1 week, adjusted continuously mean solar time and the most too in 1 tropic year Time difference during sun;The described system controller of angle of rotation follower, servomotor, reducing gear and time difference regulating mechanism Screw rod, time difference adjusting module ring, the drive bevel gear of time difference transmission and the equal rotating support of driven wheel of differential are on dynamic support, dynamic Support is around main working shaft fine motion, and described screw rod is axially the radial direction of main working shaft.But this apparatus structure is difficult to ensure that this device is put down Slide and accurately follow the tracks of the sun.
Chinese patent prospectus CN200510094900.8 discloses a kind of based on the sun tracker following the tracks of gesture feedback And tracking, device includes sensor, the motor that light panel is electrically connected with the controller, described light panel through hinge with Strut, elevation angle adjusting rod connect, and the other end of support bar is connected with column, and described controller is that the analog port of single-chip microcomputer divides Do not electrically connect with elevation angle sensor and azimuth sensor, D/A port drives motor to control port and orientation with elevation angle respectively Angle drives motor to control port electrical connection;It is red that tracking includes utilizing longitude, latitude and date-time to calculate the locality sun on the same day Latitude and the time difference, calculating solar azimuth and elevation angle in real time according to longitude, latitude, solar declination, the time difference and moment, utilization is closed Ring control realization real-time tracking;Its controller is that the analog port of single-chip microcomputer is electric with elevation angle sensor and azimuth sensor respectively Connect, D/A port drives motor to control port respectively with elevation angle and azimuth drives motor control port to electrically connect.But this dress Putting cost can not be cheap.
Chinese patent prospectus CN201020214261.0 discloses a kind of high-power half axle gear depression-angle tracking solar energy light collecting Device, it is by solar panel, deceleration box, bearing, motor, spur gear, scroll bar, turbine, vertical drive shaft, water Flat drive shaft, little driving spur gear, drive spur gear, circular connecting pipe, control system circuit board and be arranged on deceleration box greatly The outer depression angle-tracking drive mechanism being connected with horizontal drive shaft is constituted, by two motors by being driven by vertical drive shaft, level The mechanical driving mechanism of the composition such as moving axis, turbine, scroll bar, spur gear, drives solar panel to complete along horizontally and vertically two The tracking sunlight motion in individual direction, but this apparatus cost is the cheapest.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of sun-following device group, to overcome the deficiency of existing manufacturing technology.
The remarkable advantage of the present invention is: the simple in construction of sun-following device group that the present invention provides, cheap, can work on a large scale Industry metaplasia is produced.
Another remarkable advantage of the present invention is: the sun-following device group that the present invention provides follows the tracks of device for three-dimensional solar, can smooth Accurately follow the tracks of the sun.
Another remarkable advantage of the present invention is: the present invention provide sun-following device group only by two motors directly or by reductor Structure drives, and makes each sun-following device in sun-following device group carry out the three-dimensional tracking with sun orientation, height and declination exactly.
The sun-following device group that the present invention relates to includes that at least two sun-following device, each sun-following device include by metal and/or nonmetal Chaoyang panel that material is made, elevation angle governor motion, azimuth adjustment mechanism, orientation support, support, these sun-following devices It is distributed in one or more declination angle rotating shaft being made up of metal and/or nonmetallic materials, direct or logical between many declination angle rotating shafts Cross the coupled gear being made up of metal and/or nonmetallic materials, sprocket wheel or worm gear by corresponding tooth bar, chain or worm screw even Connecing, in each sun-following device, the azimuth gear in the rotating shaft of azimuth, sprocket wheel or worm gear are connected by corresponding tooth bar, chain or worm screw; Wherein, a motor directly, the azimuth gear that indirectly or driven in arbitrary sun-following device in the rotating shaft of azimuth by reducing gear, chain Wheel or worm gear or coupled tooth bar, chain or worm screw, make in each sun-following device every with the Chaoyang panel that azimuth rotating shaft interlocks It rotates at least 180 °, and in azimuth rotating shaft rotary course, the orientation support above it moves simultaneously and drives elevation angle to regulate The height regulating rod of mechanism, makes this bar move along height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control track, drives the elevation angle on orientation support to adjust Joint dish, make Chaoyang panel on elevation angle adjustment disk with the angle every day being parallel to azimuth rotating shaft core line or face 0 ° → Changing between 180 °, another motor is direct, indirectly or drive arbitrary declination angle rotating shaft or the tooth being connected with declination angle by reducing gear Bar, chain or worm screw, make each declination angle rotating shaft every year between south orientation and north orientation ± 23.5 ° of area rotations;Realize this solar tracking dress Put group by two motors directly, indirectly or drive by reducing gear, carry out transporting with the solar tracking of sun orientation, height and declination simultaneously Dynamic.
In the sun-following device that the present invention relates to and group thereof, each parts can partly or entirely use metal and/or nonmetallic materials to make; Wherein, nonmetallic materials include macromolecular material, macromolecular material mixture, high molecule alloy material etc..
Elevation angle governor motion in the sun-following device that the present invention relates to includes at least height regulating rod, corresponding mechanical slip And/or rotatable parts;Wherein, height regulating rod is directly or by sliding and/or rotatable parts are along height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control Track moves.The shape of height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control track be oblique line, curve, straight line, spiral, in them any two or Two or more combined shaped.
Described azimuth adjustment mechanism includes azimuth rotating shaft, corresponding mechanical slip and/or rotatable parts.
Described sun-following device and the transmission of group thereof are by electric drive, and motor used includes constant speed motor, variable speed electric motors, particularly, changes To motor, servomotor or motor.
Described sun-following device and then azimuth, elevation angle and/or declination angle index labelling can be included.
Described sun-following device group so include containing control switch, the time relay, time controller, positioner, can compile The control apparatus system of journey device, single-chip microcomputer and/or microcomputer.
Described sun-following device group and then include by control system command motor when sunset/rear operating makes sun tracker accelerate Return to 0 ° of orientation or next day stops transport after state at sunrise, start the function of running the most voluntarily next day.
Described sun-following device group and then include chain, worm screw or tooth bar slack adjuster and/or stop device.
Described stop device includes switch, electric magnet, clutch, brake and/or screw.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of sun-following device group involved in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the sun-following device group without stop device involved in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the sun-following device group of band stop device involved in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the present invention below by detailed description of the invention, but the present invention is not limited in embodiment declared range.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention includes: Chaoyang panel (1), elevation angle governor motion (2,4,5), elevation angle adjustment disk (2), orientation support (3), elevation angle adjusting rod (4), height-regulating slot or height are adjusted Joint track (5), azimuth adjustment mechanism (6,7), azimuth rotating shaft (6), azimuth gear (7), support (8), bearing (9), Declination angle rotating shaft (10), tooth bar (11,13), push-pull bar (12), motor 2 (14), electric magnet (15 or 15b), control Device (16), motor 1 (17).
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the present invention 1 (seeing figures.1.and.2): the sun-following device that the present invention as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 relates to Including Chaoyang panel (1), elevation angle governor motion (2,4,5), azimuth adjustment mechanism (6,7), orientation support (3), Support (8), these sun-following devices are distributed in bearing (9) on two declination angle rotating shafts (10), and these two declination angles turn Between centers is connected with tooth bar (11), in each sun-following device in azimuth rotating shaft (6) by coupled gear (not shown) Azimuth gear (7) is connected with tooth bar (13).Under controller (16) controls, motor 1 (17) drives tooth in sun-following device Azimuth gear (7) in bar (13), azimuth rotating shaft (6), drive push-pull bar (12), make in each sun-following device with azimuth Chaoyang panel (1) every day that rotating shaft (6) interlocks rotates at least 180 °, in azimuth rotating shaft (6) rotary course, above it Orientation support (3) move simultaneously and drive the height regulating rod of elevation angle governor motion elevation angle governor motion (2,4,5) (4), make this bar move along height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control track (5), drive the elevation angle regulation in orientation support (3) Dish (2), makes Chaoyang panel (1) on elevation angle adjustment disk (2) and is parallel to azimuth rotating shaft (6) axial line or the folder in face Angle changes every day between 0 ° → 180 °;And motor 2 (14) drives tooth bar (11), declination angle rotating shaft (10), push-pull bar (12) Make each declination angle rotating shaft every year between south orientation and north orientation ± 23.5 ° of area rotations.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment of the present invention 2 (with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3): the band stop dress that the present invention as shown in figures 1 and 3 relates to The sun-following device putting (15,15b) includes Chaoyang panel (1), elevation angle governor motion (2,4,5), azimuth adjustment machine Structure (6,7), orientation support (3), support (8), these sun-following devices are distributed over two declination angles in bearing (9) and turn On axle (10), it is connected with tooth bar (11) by coupled gear (not shown) between these two declination angle rotating shafts, respectively chases after In day device, the azimuth gear (7) in azimuth rotating shaft (6) is connected with tooth bar (13).Under controller (16) controls, Motor 1 (17) drives the azimuth gear (7) in sun-following device middle rack (13) and azimuth rotating shaft (6), makes each solar tracking Chaoyang panel (1) every day of interlocking with azimuth rotating shaft (6) in device rotates at least 180 °, during electric magnet (15) Under controller (16) controls, insert the between cog of tooth bar (13) by setting time or program, stop tooth bar (13) to be return, side In parallactic angle rotating shaft (6) rotary course, the orientation support (3) above it moves simultaneously and drives elevation angle governor motion elevation angle The height regulating rod (4) of governor motion (2,4,5), makes this bar move along height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control track (5), Drive the elevation angle adjustment disk (2) in orientation support (3), make the Chaoyang panel (1) on elevation angle adjustment disk (2) with parallel Angle in azimuth rotating shaft (6) axial line or face changes every day between 0 ° → 180 °;And motor 2 (14) driving tooth bar (11), Declination angle rotating shaft (10), make each declination angle rotating shaft every year between south orientation and north orientation ± 23.5 ° of area rotations, during electric magnet (15b) under controller (16) controls, insert the between cog of tooth bar (11) by setting time or program, stop tooth bar (11) to move back Return.

Claims (10)

1. a sun-following device group, it is characterised in that: this device group includes that at least two sun-following device, each sun-following device include by gold Belong to and/or nonmetallic materials make Chaoyang panel, elevation angle governor motion, azimuth adjustment mechanism, orientation support, support, These sun-following devices are distributed in one or more declination angle rotating shaft being made up of metal and/or nonmetallic materials, and many declination angles turn Between centers directly or by the coupled gear being made up of metal and/or nonmetallic materials, sprocket wheel or worm gear by corresponding tooth bar, Chain or worm screw connect, and in each sun-following device, the azimuth gear in the rotating shaft of azimuth, sprocket wheel or worm gear are by corresponding tooth bar, chain Or worm screw connects;Wherein, a motor is directly, indirectly or drive in arbitrary sun-following device in the rotating shaft of azimuth by reducing gear Azimuth gear, sprocket wheel or worm gear or coupled tooth bar, chain or worm screw, make to interlock with azimuth rotating shaft in each sun-following device Chaoyang panel every day rotate at least 180 °, in azimuth rotating shaft rotary course, the orientation support above it moves simultaneously and drives The height regulating rod of dynamic height angle governor motion, makes this height regulating rod move along height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control track, drives Elevation angle adjustment disk on orientation support, makes Chaoyang panel on elevation angle adjustment disk and is parallel to azimuth rotating shaft core line or face Angle change between 0 ° → 180 ° every day, another motor is directly, indirectly or drive arbitrary declination angle rotating shaft by reducing gear Or tooth bar, chain or the worm screw being connected with declination angle, make each declination angle rotating shaft every year between south orientation and north orientation ± 23.5 ° of regions Rotate;Realize this sun-following device group by two motors directly, indirectly or drive by reducing gear, carry out simultaneously with positive orientation, Height and the solar tracking campaign of declination.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described elevation angle governor motion includes at least Piece height regulating rod, corresponding mechanical slip and/or rotatable parts;Wherein, height regulating rod directly or by sliding and/or Rotatable parts move along height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control track.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described azimuth adjustment mechanism includes orientation Angle rotating shaft, corresponding mechanical slip and/or rotatable parts.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described height-regulating slot or altitude mixture control rail The shape in road is oblique line, curve, straight line, spiral, any two or two or more combined shaped in them.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described motor is constant speed motor, speed change electricity Machine, reversing motor, servomotor or motor.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sun-following device so that include azimuth, Elevation angle and/or declination angle index labelling.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sun-following device group so that include containing control System switch, the time relay, time controller, positioner, Programmable, the control device system of single-chip microcomputer and/or microcomputer System.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sun-following device group and then include by controlling System command motor processed when sunset/rear operating makes sun tracker be accelerated back to 0 ° of orientation or next day stops after state at sunrise Fortune, starts the function of running next day the most voluntarily.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sun-following device group so that include chain, Worm screw or tooth bar slack adjuster and/or stop device.
Sun-following device group the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described stop device include switch, Electric magnet, clutch, brake and/or screw.
CN201110279989.0A 2011-09-20 2011-09-20 Sun-following device group Expired - Fee Related CN103019255B (en)

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CN103019255B true CN103019255B (en) 2016-10-19

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104699125B (en) * 2015-03-24 2017-08-11 常州工学院 A kind of electric reducer drives heliostat bidimensional sun-following device
CN104820436B (en) * 2015-03-24 2018-06-05 常州工学院 A kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device
TWI587968B (en) * 2015-10-08 2017-06-21 財團法人工業技術研究院 Support device, support unit system and support unit control system
CN106598088B (en) * 2016-12-26 2019-09-10 厦门市和奕华光电科技有限公司 A kind of sun automatic tracking system, the method and lighting system for tracking the sun

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US6123067A (en) * 1999-03-31 2000-09-26 Amonix, Inc. Solar collector tracking system
CN100368741C (en) * 2005-10-14 2008-02-13 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Sun tracking device and method based on tracking posture feedback
CN100458626C (en) * 2007-01-12 2009-02-04 刘津平 Sun tracker, and cluster
CN102027298B (en) * 2008-03-31 2012-11-28 皮雷利&C.有限公司 Sun tracker device
KR100896523B1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2009-05-08 주식회사 에이스테크 Sunshine collecting apparatus

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