CN104820436B - A kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device - Google Patents

A kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104820436B
CN104820436B CN201510131539.5A CN201510131539A CN104820436B CN 104820436 B CN104820436 B CN 104820436B CN 201510131539 A CN201510131539 A CN 201510131539A CN 104820436 B CN104820436 B CN 104820436B
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photovoltaic panel
electromagnetic clutch
drive
main shaft
sprocket
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CN104820436A (en
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周祥才
杨景华
朱锡芳
吴志祥
袁洪春
肖进
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Changzhou Hui Hui Machinery Technology Co., Ltd.
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Changzhou Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electric reducers to drive photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device, including speed reducer and photovoltaic panel, the sprocket wheel of the multiple photovoltaic panels of chain drive of the speed reducer, described photovoltaic panel sprocket wheel the upper surface of and the upper and lower two coaxial electromagnetic clutch force-output shafts that are rigidly connected separately below, the lower electromagnetic clutch output axis connection main shaft, the high angle transmission of upper electromagnetic clutch force-output shaft connection.The given up conventional gear train of two machines, one plate of the present invention drives the bidimensional transmission devices of plates up to a hundred for a machine, greatly reduces cost;Only increase by a wind direction sensor on master controller, so that it may hide limit wind-force and avoid the accumulated snow that snows;Almost without cost is increased, power plate just is provided to dust-extraction unit.

Description

A kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric reducers to drive photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device, belongs to new energy application technology neck Domain.
Background technology
Energy deficiency and the increasingly tight current weight of environmental pollution, and the basic method solved the problems, such as is to tap a new source of energy, Especially regenerative resource.Atmospheric pollution level is aggravating, and Beijing contaminates one of city of most serious into dustiness in the world.Water ring Border pollution also becomes increasingly conspicuous.Environmental pollution is extended from city to rural area.Some species extinctions, vegetation deterioration, land deterioration and Global environmental problem can not be ignored.The shortage of the current petroleum resources in China, makes China be more dependent on World Oil Market, This is very unfavorable to the operation steady in a long-term of China's economy.According to the too conservative estimation of China expert, every year due to environmental pollution and Economic loss caused by ecological disruption accounts for China's gross national product (GNP)) 9% or so.Therefore, Devoting Major Efforts To Developing solar energy Resource is an important measure for solving mankind's energy crisis, in the various modes using solar energy, solar energy power generating There is its apparent advantage again.
In the case where photovoltaic panel manufacture cost constantly reduces, solar energy power generating efficiency and maintenance cost how are improved Seem particularly significant.Large-scale photovoltaic panel solar tracking driving, technology is more demanding, and difficulty is big, since each photovoltaic panel needs list Solely carry out Ang Jiao (X) axis, orientation (Y) axis bidimensional control, also to overcome atmospheric refraction, machine error, expand with heat and contract with cold, qualitative change Reflection deviation caused by the reasons such as change, material aging, this just substantially increases the complexity of control system and installation and debugging, special It is not the difficulty of pH effect.
The Application No. that CAS Electrical Engineering Research Institute applies compared with United States Patent (USP) US7000608 B2 201110404661.7 " a kind of linkage small-sized heliostat system ", it is at least by two heliostats and an azimuth driving dress Composition is put, the heliostat reel of heliostat pillar lower part drives heliostat pillar and heliostat reflecting surface to turn on heliostat pedestal It is dynamic, between the driving reel on azimuth-drive top heliostat reel adjacent thereto and two adjacent heliostats There is connecting element to be connected between reel, an azimuth-drive can drive more small-sized heliostats in solar azimuth angular direction On to the sun into line trace.Since it is the tracking of heliostat and drive multiple small heliostats linkages, this " multiple " not yet It may otherwise be impossible to correctly track, and Ang Jiao still needs to independent driving, it is impossible to reduce too many cost too much.
Chinese Patent Application No. be CN201110279989.0 " sun-following device group ", a motor directly, indirectly or pass through Reducing gear drive azimuth gear, sprocket wheel or worm gear in any sun-following device in the shaft of azimuth or coupled rack, Chain or worm screw make the southern exposure panel interlocked in each sun-following device with azimuth shaft at least 180 ° of rotation daily.Another motor Directly, indirectly or any declination angle shaft or rack being connected with declination angle, chain or worm screw are driven by reducing gear, made each Declination angle shaft ± 23.5 ° of area rotations between south orientation and north orientation every year, realize sun-following device group by two motors directly, It is driven indirectly or by reducing gear, is carried out at the same time the solar tracking campaign with positive orientation, height and declination.The device can only be same It is driven on horizontal plane, is not suitable with the landform that height rises and falls;Ang Jiao drives and adjustment is complicated;Do not possess automatic dodging drifting snow hazard and To the power transmission function of photovoltaic panel dedusting.
The content of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved
For problems of the prior art, the present invention provides one kind can drive up to a hundred photovoltaic panel tracking drivings Device and system make solar energy generating efficiency be greatly improved;Frame can be overspend in wind-force and bear limiting value and feelings of snowing It is at hiding drifting snow hazard automatically under condition;Output power plate can be provided for the transmission of dust-extraction unit.
2. technical solution
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device, including speed reducer and photovoltaic panel, the speed reducer The multiple photovoltaic panels of chain drive sprocket wheel, the photovoltaic panel sprocket wheel the upper surface of and be rigidly connected separately below upper and lower two same Axis electromagnetic clutch force-output shaft, the lower electromagnetic clutch output axis connection main shaft, the connection of upper electromagnetic clutch force-output shaft are high Angle transmission.
The photovoltaic panel includes:
1) sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch driving combination rotates Ang Jiao liftings, the sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch for drive shaft Device driving combination includes connecting upper electromagnetic clutch DL2 above;Connect the sprocket wheel of lower electromagnetic clutch DL1 below, lower electromagnetism from The rigidity fastening concentric with main shaft of the force-output shaft of clutch DL1, the force-output shaft of the upper electromagnetic clutch DL2 and the biography above it Driving wheel fastens with one heart, and dish-style dynamo-electric brake DZ1 is equipped between the main shaft and pedestal below the electromagnetic clutch DLI to master Axis is braked.
2) angle transmission is held high:Including drive sprocket, photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic panel main shaft, above the drive sprocket with its Rigidity connects the driving end of electromagnetic clutch DL2 with one heart, and another driving end and the drive of the electromagnetic clutch DL2 connect Connect, horizon distance of the photovoltaic back away from photovoltaic panel main shaft fulcrum be 1/10-1/4 photovoltaic panel height, the light Volt back left-right situs sets two support construction hinges, the support construction hinge and main shaft fulcrum into isosceles triangle Support construction, hinged two supporting rod of two support constructions, the two supporting rod end hinge connections have both ends There is the cross bar of screw hole, two screw holes of the cross bar are screwed in by two screw rods, are placed in main shaft both sides and two spiral shells in parallel, described The upper and lower side of bar is positioned by the bottom end rail and upper beam bearing being rigidly fixed on main shaft, and the screw rod is in the stretching of bottom end rail End is with one heart equipped with small transmission wheel, and the small transmission wheel of the two screw rods with the conplane large drive wheel concentric with main shaft by passing It is dynamic.
The sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch driving combination includes, two electromagnetic clutch DL1, DL2, the braking of micro machine dish-style Device DZ1:The main shaft arrange from top to bottom main shaft connecting flange, main shaft stopping-off piece, sprocket wheel, electromagnetic clutch DL2, sprocket wheel, Electromagnetic clutch DL2, brake disc, friction catch dish valve, chassis, the chassis periphery add equipped at least 3 root posts with main shaft Strong disk is affixed, and the edge on the chassis is equipped with Miniature retractable motor, and described Miniature retractable motor one end is the shaft coupling of flat Device, two friction catch dish valves that the shaft coupling is hingedly coupled to are by being equally that hinged two connecting rod connects In hinge point, the spindle nose hinge connection of Miniature retractable motor of the hinge point with being fixed on bottom plate.
The screw rod is equipped with C-shaped dirt-proof boot, and the opening both sides of the dirt-proof boot are equipped with sponge confining zone, described Screw rod is equipped with swivel nut, and swivel nut radial direction is intrinsic to stretch out valve and cross bar rigid connection and supporting rod hinge connection, stretches out valve It is stretched out in the sponge crack of C shape dirt-proof boot openings.
Be equipped with the minor sprocket with its axis parallel by the big sprocket wheel, the end face of the minor sprocket flushed with sprocket wheel and Encircled certain radian into S-shaped and be driven by the driving chain, below the minor sprocket with as dust-extraction unit power The gear wheel X of wheel is through electromagnetic clutch DL3 connections.
The connection of one speed reducer Yu multiple photovoltaic panel drive sprockets is interconnection clockwise, counterclockwise, is made Each drive sprocket has certain cornerite.
It each photovoltaic panel drive sprocket end face in the photovoltaic panel field will with the long axle sleeve of difference height not in same plane Two drive sprockets are rigidly connected with one heart, link excessively with adjacent photovoltaic plate drive sprocket chain ring ring set.
The transmission of the large drive wheel, small transmission wheel is gear drive or chain drive.
3. advantageous effect
Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the invention is that:
1., conventional gear train of having given up be a machine drive bidimensional transmission device, greatly reduce cost;2., only exist Increase wind direction sensor on master controller, so that it may hide limit wind-force and avoid the accumulated snow that snows;3., almost without being added to This, just provides power plate to dust-extraction unit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the single photovoltaic panel transmission mechanism side view of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the right side view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the A-A direction views of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is according to a kind of example embodiment, dedusting power output gear transmission device view;
Fig. 5 is the chain connection figure of the two neighboring photovoltaic panel drive sprocket with driving dust-extraction unit drive;
Fig. 6 is according to a kind of example embodiment, double electromagnetic clutch micro machine brake constitutional diagrams;
Fig. 7 is the A-A views of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is according to a kind of example embodiment, a photovoltaic panel transmission schematic diagrames up to a hundred;
Fig. 9 is according to a kind of example embodiment, and photovoltaic panel fabricating yard can not make each photovoltaic panel drive sprocket end face same Meet the schematic diagram of difference in height during one plane with two sprocket wheel linkages.
In figure:1st, chassis 1-1,1-2,1-3, column 1-4, main shaft stopping-off piece 2, bearing 3, sprocket wheel 3-1, minor sprocket 4th, drive 4-1, small transmission wheel 4-2, screw rod 4-3, cross bar 4-4, supporting rod 4-5, dirt-proof boot 4-6, sponge confining zone 4-7, swivel nut 5, main shaft 5-1, bottom end rail 5-2, upper beam 5-3, movable beam 6, photovoltaic panel 6-1, main shaft fulcrum 6- 2nd, sliding shoe 7, transmission head tree 8, brake 8-1, brake disc 8-2, friction catch dish valve 8-3, connecting rod 8-4, hinge Chain point 8-5, spindle nose 8-6, fixing bolt 9, telescope motor 10, driving chain 10-1, lower driving chain 10-2, upper transmission Chain C, drive sprocket CL, transmission gear DL1, lower electromagnetic clutch DL2, upper electromagnetic clutch DL3, electromagnetic clutch DJ, motor reducer DZ1, dish-style dynamo-electric brake X, gear wheel.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Transfer motion power source Fig. 8 of the up to a hundred photovoltaic panels of the present invention is shown, defeated from a relatively high power motor reducer DJ Drive sprocket C on shaft is connected each by certain alt time rotating or continuous rotating forward or continuous reversion by chain The sprocket wheel 3 of photovoltaic panel further includes the transfer motion power of dust-extraction unit as orientation, Ang Jiao, and minor sprocket 3-1 is as driving dust-extraction unit Transfer motion power.
A kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device, described including motor reducer DJ and photovoltaic panel 6 The sprocket wheel of the multiple photovoltaic panels 6 of chain drive of motor reducer DJ, described photovoltaic panel sprocket wheel the upper surface of and separately below rigidity Connect upper and lower two coaxial electromagnetic clutch DL1, DL2 force-output shafts, the lower electromagnetic clutch DL2 output axis connections main shaft, on Electromagnetic clutch DL1 output axis connections hold high angle transmission.Clutch is powered, and main shaft, high angle transmission follow 3 turns of sprocket wheel It is dynamic;Clutch dead electricity, sprocket wheel 3 dally, and each electromagnetic clutch is electrically connected respectively with the branch line of tracking controller, gives electromagnetism Amimuth Transmission, the Tracing Control of Ang Jiao liftings are realized in clutch gain and loss electric control.
The photovoltaic panel of one of a photovoltaic panels up to a hundred includes:
1., the driving combination of sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch, rotate Ang Jiao liftings for drive shaft, in Fig. 1-3, it is included above Electromagnetic clutch DL2 in connection;Connect the sprocket wheel 3 of lower electromagnetic clutch DL1 below, the force-output shaft of lower electromagnetic clutch DL1 with 5 concentric rigidity of main shaft fastens, the force-output shaft of the upper electromagnetic clutch DL2 and the concentric fastening of drive 4 above it.Electromagnetism Dish-style dynamo-electric brake DZ1 is equipped between main shaft and pedestal below clutch DLI to principal shaft braking.Direct bearing is such as adjusted, only It to be unclamped dynamo-electric brake DZ1 while sprocket wheel 3 rotates forward electromagnetic clutch DL1 energizations at present;Losing side position is such as adjusted, as long as Electromagnetic brake DZ1 unclamps while when sprocket wheel 3 inverts, electric clutch DL1 is powered;
2., high angle regulating device-for adjusting Ang Jiao, in Fig. 1, it includes 6 back side of photovoltaic panel away from photovoltaic panel main shaft fulcrum The horizontal line of 6-1 selects a suitable distance left-right situs to set two support construction hinges according to 6 size of photovoltaic panel, with main shaft fulcrum 6-1 is hingedly coupled to two into the support construction of isosceles triangle with the hinged two supporting rods 4-4 ends of two support construction There is the cross bar 4-3 of screw hole at a both ends, and two screw holes at the cross bar both ends are screwed in respectively by the two screw rods 4-2 to match with its screw thread, The upper and lower lower and upper cross-member bearing by being rigidly fixed on main shaft 5 of the two screw rods positions, and parallel with main shaft, two screw rods 4-2 is under For the external part of crossbeam 5-1 with one heart equipped with the small transmission wheel 4-1 being mutually driven with drive 4, which makes what is connected Screw rod 4-2 is synchronously positive and negative then makes to make to push or pull on its hinged push rod by the cross bar 4-3 up or downs that screw rod 4-1 is driven And photovoltaic panel Ang Jiao is made to become larger and is become smaller.
To the transmission mechanism of dust-extraction unit output power --- in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, one and its axis parallel are set by big sprocket wheel 3 Minor sprocket 3-1, the end face of minor sprocket 3-1 flushes with sprocket wheel 3 and encircles certain radian into S-shaped by the driving chain 10 And be driven, it is connected below minor sprocket 3-1 with the gear wheel X as dust-extraction unit power wheel through electromagnetic clutch DL3, it is necessary to remove Central controller output signal makes electromagnetic clutch DL3 obtain electric while declines photovoltaic panel 6 during dirt, with removing for 6 one of photovoltaic panel The transmission gear CL of dirt device is engaged with gear wheel X, makes the drive sprocket C on the speed reducer DJ output shafts in Fig. 8 by certain Alt time or continuous rotating forward or continuous reversion carry out dedusting.
The sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch driving combination, it is preferred that in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, double electromagnetic clutch micro machine brakings Device combination includes:Main shaft connecting flange 5-1, main shaft stopping-off piece 1-4, sprocket wheel 4, electromagnetic clutch are arranged on main shaft 5 from top to bottom DL2, sprocket wheel 3, electromagnetic clutch DL2, brake disc 8-1, friction catch dish valve 8-2, chassis 1,1 periphery of chassis are equipped at least 3 Column 1-1 and main shaft stopping-off piece 1-4 are affixed, and the edge on chassis 1 is equipped with a Miniature retractable motor 9, and one end is the shaft coupling of flat The 2 friction catch dish valve 8-2 of 8-6 are hingedly coupled to by being equally that hinged 2 connecting rod 8-3 is connected to hinge point 8- 4, the point and one be fixed on bottom plate 1 telescope motor 9 spindle nose 8-5 hinge connections.Motor forward and backward can make friction catch dish Valve brake is dead, unclamps, it is ensured that when reflective mirror is static not by wind blows.
Using the double-axle rotation function of stent, bear limiting value and snow to be at automatically in wind-force over-expense frame Hide the optimum state of drifting snow hazard, method is that bracket controller is connected with wind direction sensor, lower ice sensor, works as wind When power overspends the frame limit or snows, controller instruction stent makes photovoltaic panel vertical or near vertical with Horizon and is protected at any time with wind direction Maintain an equal level row.
The transmission of large drive wheel 4, small transmission wheel 4-1 can be gear drive or chain drive in Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
In Fig. 5, the connection of two size drive sprockets equipped with the same photovoltaic panel for providing dust-extraction unit power is Interconnection, i.e., such as big sprocket wheel 3 clockwise, minor sprocket 3-1 is counterclockwise, and each drive sprocket is made to have certain cornerite.
In Fig. 8, the big sprocket wheel 3 and minor sprocket 3-1 of a photovoltaic panels up to a hundred are by a driving chain 10 to larger decelerating motor The drive sprocket C of DJ is wrapped up into S-shaped.
In Fig. 9, the positive each solar tracking plate drive sprocket end face in place that can generate electricity is not in same plane with the axis that difference height is long Set two drive sprocket C are rigidly connected with one heart, with adjacent solar tracking plate drive sprocket with chain about 10 ring set linkage excessively.
Driving chain 10 can be that steel wire rope or driving chain and steel wire rope are used in mixed way.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device, including speed reducer and photovoltaic panel, it is characterized in that:Described The sprocket wheel of the multiple photovoltaic panels of chain drive of speed reducer, described photovoltaic panel sprocket wheel the upper surface of and separately below rigid connection be upper, Lower two coaxial electromagnetic clutch force-output shafts, the lower electromagnetic clutch output axis connection main shaft, upper electromagnetic clutch force-output shaft The high angle transmission of connection, the photovoltaic panel include:
1) sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch driving combination rotates Ang Jiao liftings for drive shaft, and the sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch drives Dynamic combination includes connecting upper electromagnetic clutch DL2 above, connects the sprocket wheel of lower electromagnetic clutch DL1, lower electromagnetic clutch below The rigidity fastening concentric with main shaft of the force-output shaft of DL1, the force-output shaft and the drive above it of the upper electromagnetic clutch DL2 are same The heart fastens, and dish-style dynamo-electric brake DZ1 is equipped between the main shaft and pedestal below the electromagnetic clutch DLI to principal shaft braking;
2) angle transmission is held high:Including drive sprocket, photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic panel main shaft, above the drive sprocket with its rigidity The driving end of the upper electromagnetic clutch DL2 of connection with one heart, another driving end and the drive of the upper electromagnetic clutch DL2 connect Connect, horizon distance of the photovoltaic back away from photovoltaic panel main shaft fulcrum be 1/10-1/4 photovoltaic panel height, the light Volt back left-right situs sets two support construction hinges, the support construction hinge and main shaft fulcrum into isosceles triangle Support construction, hinged two supporting rod of two support constructions, the two supporting rod end hinge connections have both ends There is the cross bar of screw hole, two screw holes of the cross bar are screwed in by two screw rods, are placed in main shaft both sides and two spiral shells in parallel, described The upper and lower side of bar is positioned by the bottom end rail and upper beam bearing being rigidly fixed on main shaft, and the screw rod is in the stretching of bottom end rail End is with one heart equipped with small transmission wheel, and the small transmission wheel of the two screw rods with the conplane large drive wheel concentric with main shaft by passing It is dynamic.
2. a kind of electric reducer driving photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described The driving combination of sprocket wheel electromagnetic clutch includes:Upper electromagnetic clutch DL2, lower electromagnetic clutch DL1 and micro machine disc brake DZ1, the main shaft arrange main shaft connecting flange, main shaft stopping-off piece, drive, upper electromagnetic clutch DL2, chain from top to bottom Wheel, lower electromagnetic clutch DL1, brake disc, friction catch dish valve, chassis, the chassis periphery be equipped at least 3 root posts with Main shaft stopping-off piece is affixed, and the edge on the chassis is equipped with Miniature retractable motor, and described Miniature retractable motor one end is flat Shaft coupling, two friction catch dish valves that the shaft coupling is hingedly coupled to by be equally it is hinged two connection Bar is connected to hinge point, the spindle nose hinge connection of Miniature retractable motor of the hinge point with being fixed on bottom plate.
3. a kind of electric reducer driving photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described Screw rod is equipped with C-shaped dirt-proof boot, and the opening both sides of the dirt-proof boot are equipped with sponge confining zone, and the screw rod is equipped with spiral shell Set, radially the intrinsic valve that stretches out is rigidly connected the swivel nut with cross bar, and the cross bar and supporting rod hinge connection stretch out valve in C It is stretched out in the sponge crack of shape dirt-proof boot opening.
4. a kind of electric reducer driving photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described Be equipped with the minor sprocket with its axis parallel by photovoltaic panel sprocket wheel, the end face of the minor sprocket flushed with sprocket wheel and by the biography Dynamic chain is encircled certain radian into S-shaped and is driven, below the minor sprocket with the gear wheel X as dust-extraction unit power wheel Through electromagnetic clutch DL3 connections.
5. a kind of electric reducer driving photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described The connection of speed reducer and multiple photovoltaic panel drive sprockets is interconnection clockwise, counterclockwise, and each drive sprocket is made to have one Determine cornerite.
6. a kind of electric reducer driving photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Photovoltaic panel Each photovoltaic panel drive sprocket end face in field is rigid with one heart by two drive sprockets with the long axle sleeve of difference height not in same plane Connection, with the chain ring ring set linkage transition of adjacent photovoltaic plate drive sprocket.
7. a kind of electric reducer driving photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:It is described big The transmission of drive, small transmission wheel is gear drive or chain drive.
CN201510131539.5A 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 A kind of electric reducer drives photovoltaic panel bidimensional sun-following device Active CN104820436B (en)

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CN107565886A (en) * 2017-10-09 2018-01-09 中国矿业大学 The New junction device and installation method of a kind of photovoltaic panel and pitched roof
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