CN106598088B - A kind of sun automatic tracking system, the method and lighting system for tracking the sun - Google Patents
A kind of sun automatic tracking system, the method and lighting system for tracking the sun Download PDFInfo
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- CN106598088B CN106598088B CN201611215868.9A CN201611215868A CN106598088B CN 106598088 B CN106598088 B CN 106598088B CN 201611215868 A CN201611215868 A CN 201611215868A CN 106598088 B CN106598088 B CN 106598088B
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
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- G05D3/20—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of sun automatic tracking systems, track the method and lighting system of the sun, automatic tracking system includes dual-axis driving device, level-one coarseness positioning component, second level essence granularity positioning component and control module, the mode for wherein controlling Two axle drive component is driving horizontal step motor, and operation is carried out according to its number of pulses, obtain the angle that daylighting component rotates in the horizontal direction, and driving motor vertical, and the information at daylighting component height angle is obtained by the angle acquisition module in real time, obtain the angle that daylighting component rotates in vertical direction, the control mode is compared with mechanical angular transducer, increase reliability mechanically, the present invention also provides a kind of methods and a kind of lighting system for tracking the sun.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar lighting fields, more particularly, to a kind of sun automatic tracking system, the side of the tracking sun
Method and lighting system.
Background technique
Solar energy is inexhaustible, nexhaustible green energy resource, is used widely in recent years.As wherein important
Illumination application, it is main or by technologies such as photovoltaics, sunlight is converted into electric power, then lamps and lanterns is driven to realize illumination, due to
The overall efficiency of current photoelectric conversion and electro-optical efficiency is low, and sunlight only has about 3.6%-5% to can be used for illuminating.For this purpose,
It gradually rises in the world and sunlight is directly imported into interior by efficient optical system illuminates, main technology has two
Class: photoconductive tube imports daylight illumination technology and optical fiber imports daylight illumination technology.Photoconductive tube import daylight illumination principle it is simple, at
This is lower, but due to needing biggish routing aperture, makes its application by larger limitation.And optical fiber can be flexible as cable
The each region for being arranged into building, thus installing have very big advantage.
Optical fiber imports daylight illumination technology, and in terms of sun automatic tracking, there are mainly two types of methods at present: first is that based on too
The motion profile tracking of sun, positions the sun using GPS and magnetic field sensor；Second is that the tracking based on optical sensor.
But the accuracy of both method for tracing is not high, can exist when in use using the localization method of GPS and magnetic field sensor
Deviation, prolonged use meeting cause the inaccurate of positioning so that the accumulation of these deviations；And optical sensor in low light environment or
Person's light interferes more serious place that the problem of deviations can all occur.
And in order to improve the accuracy of automatic tracing, also it is proposed that the combination of two methods, such as application No. is
200810020176.8 Chinese patent application disclose a kind of sunlight optical fibre illuminator and sun tracing method, the optical fiber
Lighting device realizes the automatic tracing to sunlight, angle sensor using the combination of sun position sensor, angular transducer
Device then realizes the sense to horizontally and vertically upper angle by the combination of lateral angles sensor and longitudinal sensor
Know, wherein angular transducer needs to be mounted on sensor in gear or rotation axis, and installation is complicated, and reliability also compares
Difference be easy to cause the deviation of angle.And sun position sensor is in such a way that lens are combined with sensor array, sensor
Array needs relative complex circuit structure, to improve precision, needs to increase quantity, the density of sensor, increases to welding
When fineness requirement to guarantee the accurate of sensor position, while driving circuit also can be more complicated, and reliability can also reduce,
Increase the occupancy to control chip software resource, may propose certain requirement to the performance of control chip, it is at high cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide the method and lighting system of a kind of sun automatic tracking system, the tracking sun, the sun is certainly
Dynamic tracing system realizes that the positioning of daylighting component in the horizontal direction adjusts by the number of pulses of horizontal step motor, leads to
Over-angle acquisition module come realize daylighting component in vertical direction positioning adjustment, to solve existing automatic tracking device structure
The problem of complicated, at high cost and poor reliability.
Concrete scheme is as follows:
A kind of sun automatic tracking system is adjusted the daylighting component being mounted thereon, the sun automatic tracking
System includes Two axle drive component, level-one coarseness positioning component, second level essence granularity positioning component and control module, wherein
Two axle drive component includes horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device, and the horizontal rotation apparatus includes horizontal rotation
Turn component and the horizontal step motor component for driving the horizontal rotation component to be rotated horizontally, the vertical rotary dress
It sets including vertical rotary component and for driving the vertical rotary component to carry out the motor vertical component of vertical rotary；
Level-one coarseness positioning component includes satellite positioning module and angle acquisition module, passes through the satellite positioning module
Location information and current time (UTC) information are acquired, the information at daylighting component height angle is obtained by the angle acquisition module,
The satellite positioning module and angle acquisition module output end are electrically connected with control module；
Second level essence granularity positioning component includes a solar tracking detector, the solar tracking detector output end and the control module
Electrical connection；
The control module is thick according to satellite positioning module and angle acquisition module control Two axle drive component progress level-one
Granularity, which positions and controls Two axle drive component according to solar tracking detector, carries out the positioning of second level essence granularity, wherein control twin shaft drive
The mode of dynamic component is: driving horizontal step motor, and carries out operation according to its number of pulses, obtains daylighting component in level side
The angle rotated upwards, and driving motor vertical, and daylighting component height angle is obtained by the angle acquisition module in real time
Information, obtain the angle that daylighting component rotates in vertical direction.
Preferably, the angle acquisition module is 3-axis acceleration sensor.
Preferably, the solar tracking detector includes the accurate adjustment cylinder and photoelectric position detector of a tubular, the accurate adjustment cylinder
Top is provided with an incidence hole, and the bottom of accurate adjustment cylinder is arranged in the photoelectric position detector.
Preferably, the horizontal rotation apparatus includes firm banking, horizontal step motor component and rotating base, with fixation
The parallel direction of the mounting surface of pedestal is horizontal direction, and the direction vertical with the mounting surface of firm banking is vertical direction, described
Rotating base is installed on the fixed base, and can be rotated on the fixed base, and the horizontal step motor component is mounted on
On firm banking, and rotating base is driven to rotate in the horizontal direction；The vertical rotary device includes a U-shaped bracket and hangs down
Straight electric machine assembly, the support vertical are fixedly mounted on rotating base, and open end is far from rotating base, the vertical electricity
Thermomechanical components are mounted on one of end of the open end of bracket, and the daylighting component is articulated on bracket and is located at bracket
In open end, and it is connected with motor vertical component.
Preferably, the horizontal step motor component include horizontal step motor, horizontal step motor bracket, bearing block,
First worm screw, small transmission wheel, large drive wheel and transmission belt, the horizontal step motor bracket are fixedly mounted on the fixed base,
First worm screw both ends are fixedly mounted on horizontal step motor bracket by bearing block, and the horizontal step motor is fixedly mounted on
On horizontal step motor bracket, the small transmission wheel and horizontal step motor are assembled, and the large drive wheel and the first worm screw are assembled,
The small transmission wheel and large drive wheel are installed with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft on the rotating base by being driven V belt translation
On be fixedly installed with the first worm gear, first worm gear is linked with the first worm screw, when horizontal step motor operating when, rotation
Pedestal can rotate in the horizontal direction with the operating of horizontal step motor.
Preferably, the motor vertical component includes motor vertical bracket, the second worm screw, motor vertical, rotary shaft and
Two worm gears, on the end for the open end that the motor vertical bracket is fixed on bracket, the motor vertical is fixed on motor vertical
On bracket, the second worm screw is fixedly mounted in the shaft of motor vertical, and the second worm gear is fixedly mounted on the rotary shaft and with second
Worm screw is connected cooperation, and the rotary shaft extends bracket and is connected with daylighting component.
Preferably, the horizontal rotation apparatus is additionally provided with resetting apparatus, the resetting apparatus include proximity sensor and
Magnet, wherein magnet is fixedly mounted on the side of the first worm gear and as the first worm gear rotates, and proximity sensor is mounted on magnetic
On one of position of the running track side of iron, the proximity sensor is connected with control module, works as limit sensors
When detecting magnet, the pulse value of the horizontal step motor of more new record, deviation caused by being accumulated with elimination as machine error.
The present invention also provides a kind of optical fiber illuminating systems, including daylighting component, automatic tracking system, guiding device, tail
Lamp lighting apparatus and power supply device, the collected light of daylighting component are transmitted to taillight lighting device by guiding device,
The automatic tracking system is above-mentioned sun automatic tracking system.
Preferably, the daylighting component includes plane skylight and fiber coupler, and it is saturating to be provided with Fresnel on the plane skylight
Mirror light-condensing array, the plane skylight are focused the light into fiber coupler.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods of automatic tracking system tracking sun, the described method comprises the following steps:
1) automatic tracking system is opened, system is initialized, and starts to execute tracking main program；
2) after the completion of tracing system initialization, the level-one coarseness tracking realized based on GPS and astronomical algorithm, institute are executed
State level-one coarseness tracking the following steps are included:
A. it reads satellite positioning signal and parses, azimuth and the height of current position of sun are analyzed by astronomical algorithm
Angle；
B. the initial state information of the daylighting component prestored in position of sun and system is compared, calculates daylighting component
Angle between the sun；
C. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component are adopted by the acquisition of angle acquisition module
The angle of rotation when optical assembly rotates in vertical direction obtains the information at daylighting component height angle, passes through the horizontal step of acquisition
Into motor number of pulses and carry out operation, obtain the angle that daylighting component rotates in the horizontal direction, constantly reduce angle it is inclined
Difference, until tracking expected position of sun；
3) in carrying out level-one coarseness tracing process, tracing system constantly reads the output numerical value of solar tracking detector, if
Output numerical value is more than preset value, then tracing system enters second level essence granularity tracking mode, executes second level essence granularity adjustment programme, if
Output numerical value is less than preset value, then continues to execute the tracking of level-one coarseness, the second level essence granularity adjustment programme includes following
Step:
A. electric signal caused by solar tracking detector is read, the angle of deviation of daylighting component Yu sun current location is calculated
Degree；
B. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component, adjust the angle of daylighting component, make
The lighting surface of daylighting component faces the sun.
Preferably, in level-one coarseness tracing process, tracing system will be in current water at interval of a time cycle
It is flat primary towards position lateral probe movement, it causes a deviation to prevent mechanical structure operation is accumulative, sun position is arrived in scanning during the scanning process
Just enter second level essence granularity tracking state when setting.
Preferably, the tracing system further includes a program on and off duty, and the program on and off duty includes the following contents:
1) in tracking main program implementation procedure, tracing system reads the temporal information of GPS at interval of a time cycle,
If the temporal information read is in the quitting time, system executes the mode of coming off duty, and drives Two axle drive component, keeps daylighting component multiple
Position；If the temporal information read is not at the quitting time, at interval, one time cycle subsequent resume studies takes the time of GPS to believe
Breath judges that it is in work hours or quitting time；
2) in the mode of coming off duty, tracing system reads the temporal information of GPS at interval of time cycle, if read when
Between information be in the work hours, tracing system is restored and starts to execute tracing program；If the temporal information read is still in next
Time, then at interval, one time cycle subsequent resume studies takes the temporal information of GPS, judges that it is in the work hours or to come off duty
Time.
Compared with prior art, a kind of fiber illumination device provided by the invention and tracking the sun method, have with
Under
The utility model has the advantages that
1, sun automatic tracking system provided by the invention realizes daylighting by the number of pulses of horizontal step motor
The positioning adjustment of component in the horizontal direction, compared with mechanical angular transducer, do not need with gear or transmission axis connection,
Cost has been saved, space is saved, has reduced assembling difficulty, has increased reliability mechanically.
2, transmission and knot of the dual-axis driving device of sun automatic tracking system provided by the invention by worm and gear
The transmission for closing synchronous belt, makes equipment can get larger and accurate transmission ratio, makes an uproar when having compact-sized, stable drive, operation
The low advantage of sound.
3, the horizontal rotation apparatus of sun automatic tracking system provided by the invention is additionally provided with resetting apparatus, in daylighting group
Part will do it homing action after turning to certain position, return to original state, and eliminate the accumulation of error mechanically, so that fixed
Position is more accurate.
4, a kind of method of the automatic tracking system tracking sun provided by the invention is tracked and second level by level-one coarseness
Smart granularity tracks the method combined, so that the tracking of sun automatic tracking system is more quick, stable and reliable.
5, a kind of method of automatic tracking system tracking sun provided by the invention is additionally provided with automatic program on and off duty, leads to
Automatic setting on and off duty is crossed, guarantees that automatic tracking system will not flog a dead horse at night, energy conservation but also can not only be reduced each
The abrasion of driving member is to extend service life of a machine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of optical fiber illuminating system.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagrames of sun automatic tracking system.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of horizontal step motor component.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of motor vertical component.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of master control borad.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of accurate adjustment cylinder.
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram of resetting apparatus.
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of daylighting component.
Fig. 9 shows the control flow chart of tracing system.
Figure 10 shows the flow chart of program on and off duty.
Specific embodiment
To further illustrate that each embodiment, the present invention are provided with attached drawing.These attached drawings are that the invention discloses one of content
Point, mainly to illustrate embodiment, and the associated description of specification can be cooperated to explain the operation principles of embodiment.Cooperation ginseng
These contents are examined, those of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention.In figure
Component be not necessarily to scale, and similar component symbol is conventionally used to indicate similar component.
Now in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of optical fiber illuminating system provided by the invention includes daylighting component 1, automatic tracking system 2, leads
Electro-optical device 3, taillight lighting device 4 and power supply device 5, the collected light of the daylighting component 1 are transmitted to by guiding device 3
Taillight lighting device 4, the automatic tracking system 2 drive the orientation of daylighting component automatic sun-tracking, and the power supply device 4 is
Automatic tracking system provides electric power.
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, sun automatic tracking system 2 includes having horizontal rotation apparatus 20 and vertical rotary device 22
Dual-axis driving device, level-one coarseness positioning component, second level essence granularity positioning component and control module.Horizontal rotation apparatus 20 wraps
Firm banking 200, horizontal step motor component 210 and rotating base 202 are included, in the following description by the installation with firm banking
The parallel direction in face is set to horizontal direction, and the direction vertical with the mounting surface of firm banking is set to vertical direction, rotating base 202
It is mounted on firm banking 202, and can be rotated relative to firm banking 200, the horizontal step motor component 210 is installed
On firm banking 200, and rotating base is driven to rotate in the horizontal direction；Vertical rotary device 22 includes a U-shaped bracket
220 and motor vertical component 230, the bracket 220 be vertically fixedly mounted on rotating base 202, and open end far from rotation
Turn pedestal, the motor vertical component 230 is mounted on one of end of the open end of bracket, 1 pivot of daylighting component
It connects on bracket and is located in the open end of bracket, and be connected with motor vertical component 230.
With reference to Fig. 3, horizontal step motor component 210 includes horizontal step motor 211, horizontal motor bracket 212, bearing block
213, the first worm screw 214, small transmission wheel 215, large drive wheel 216 and transmission belt 217, the U-shaped knot of the horizontal motor bracket 212
Structure is simultaneously fixedly mounted on the fixed base, and 214 both ends of the first worm screw are fixedly mounted on horizontal motor branch by two bearing blocks 213
On frame 212, the horizontal step motor 211 is fixedly mounted on horizontal motor bracket 212, the rotation of horizontal step motor 211
Axis is parallel with the first worm screw 214, and the small transmission wheel 215 is assembled with horizontal step motor 211, the large drive wheel 216 with
The assembly of first worm screw 214, the small transmission wheel and large drive wheel are driven by transmission belt 217.With reference to Fig. 2, the rotating base
On be installed with a transmission shaft 204, the first worm gear 206, first worm gear 206 and the first snail are fixedly installed on the transmission shaft
Bar 214 is linked, and when the operating of horizontal step motor component, rotating base can be with the operating of horizontal step motor component
It rotates in the horizontal direction.Above-mentioned small transmission wheel, large drive wheel can be synchronous pulley or sprocket wheel, and corresponding transmission belt can
To be synchronous belt or transmission chain, referring to figs. 2 and 3, when motor 211 operates, small transmission wheel 215 is with rotation, transmission belt
217 drive large drive wheel 216 to rotate, and the first worm screw 214 rotates with large drive wheel 216, and the first worm gear of belt wheel 206 rotates, the
One worm gear is driving transmission shaft 204 to rotate, and rotating base 202 is rotated with the rotation of transmission shaft 204.Work as horizontal step motor
Power is reached rotating base, rotating base can be slow by the first worm gear and the first worm screw and transmission belt double reduction by operating
Speed rotation, so as to the angle of more accurate control rotating base rotation.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, motor vertical component 230 includes motor vertical bracket 231, the second worm screw 232, motor vertical
233, rotary shaft 234 and the second worm gear 235, the motor vertical bracket 231 are fixed on its medial end portions of the open end of bracket 220
On, the motor vertical 233 is fixed on motor vertical bracket 231, and the second worm screw 232 is fixedly mounted on motor vertical 233
In shaft, the second worm gear 235 is fixedly mounted in rotary shaft 234 and is connected cooperation with the second worm screw 232, and the rotary shaft is prolonged
It stretches out bracket and is connected with daylighting component 1.Wherein above-mentioned motor vertical can be common motor and be also possible to walk
Into motor, in order to increase the accuracy of control, preferably stepper motor.With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, when motor vertical 233 operates, second
For worm screw 232 with rotation, the second worm screw 232 drives the operating of the second worm gear 235, and rotary shaft 234 turns with the operating of the second worm gear 235
It is dynamic, and daylighting component 1 is connected with rotary shaft 234, therefore when the operating of motor vertical 233, daylighting component 1 can be relative to bracket
220 rotate in vertical direction, and bracket 220 is fixedly mounted on rotating base 202, therefore bracket can be with rotation bottom
Seat rotation and with rotation, to be that daylighting component can rotate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, level-one coarseness positioning component includes satellite positioning module and angle acquisition module,
Satellite locating module can be using american global positioning system (GPS), Russian " GLONASS " system (GLONASS),
European " Galileo " system (GALILEO) and Chinese Beidou system (COMPASS) obtain location information and current time
(UTC) information, angle acquisition module can be angular transducer and acceleration transducer, due to acceleration transducer do not need with
Gear or transmission axis connection, can be directly installed in control circuit board, therefore it is preferable to use acceleration transducers, in order to increase
Add control precision, further preferred 3-axis acceleration sensor.It is described below and is adopted by GPS module and angle of satellite positioning module
It is illustrated for integrating module as triaxial acceleration module.GPS module and 3-axis acceleration sensor are mounted on daylighting component,
GPS module is for acquiring GPS positioning information and current time (UTC) information, and 3-axis acceleration sensor is for obtaining daylighting group
The direction of acceleration of gravity when part rotates in vertical direction, to obtain the information at daylighting component height angle.Second level essence grain
Degree positioning component includes the accurate adjustment cylinder 30 and photoelectric position detector 40 of a tubular, is provided with one at the top of the accurate adjustment cylinder and enters light
The bottom of accurate adjustment cylinder is arranged in hole 32, the photoelectric position detector, and the second level essence granularity positioning component is arranged in daylighting group
On part, the opening direction of the incidence hole of accurate adjustment cylinder is vertical with the lighting surface of daylighting component, and to guarantee precision, irradiation is on a sensor
Sunlight, need to be that sensor is shone directly into after small holes, 32 inner surface of accurate adjustment cylinder is that (spraying black applies light-absorption layer
Layer or Darkening process), it prevents from being incident to metallic shield tube inner surface, and multiple reflections with the sunlight of incidence hole plane mitre
To sensor, four road signals of sensor identification output are interfered, to not can correctly reflect position of sun.The control module packet
Signal processing chip, storage chip and drive module are included, the signal processing chip receives the data of GPS module and reads photoelectricity
The sun optical signal that position sensor detects, and driven after these data and signal are handled and analyzed by drive module
The operating of dynamic dual-axis driving device, the signal processing chip also pass through the number of pulses of the horizontal step motor recorded in program
And operation is carried out, obtain the angle that daylighting component rotates in the horizontal direction.Setting is detected when the axial direction and electric position of incidence hole
The test surface of device is vertical and centrally located, when solar irradiation is mapped to the center of the test surface of electric position detector,
The lighting surface of daylighting component faces the sun, similarly, when solar irradiation is mapped to the other positions of test surface, passes through point of irradiation
And the distance and bearing difference of center can calculate the angle between the lighting surface and position of sun of daylighting component, pass through control
The angle of driven by program horizontal step motor processed and the adjustable daylighting component of motor vertical.
With reference to Fig. 2, be provided with a master control borad 10 on the daylighting component 1, the GPS module, 3-axis acceleration sensor,
Signal processing chip, storage chip and drive module are all mounted on the master control borad, and the signal processing chip is dsp chip,
The storage chip is E2PROM storage chip, in order to guarantee that the accuracy of positioning, the drive module include miniature stepping electricity
Machine driving chip, the micro-step motor driving chip can be realized its to 1/8 stepping of horizontal step motor, 1/4 stepping,
1/2 stepping and 1 stepping effect.
3. as shown in fig. 7, in order to guarantee positioning accuracy, prevent the accumulation due to machine error from causing big deviation,
Horizontal rotation apparatus 22 is additionally provided with resetting apparatus 50, and position device includes proximity sensor 52 and magnet 54, wherein magnet is fixed
It installs on the side of the first worm gear 206 and as the first worm gear rotates, proximity sensor is mounted on by the running track of magnet
On one of position of side, the proximity sensor is connected with control module, when limit sensors detect magnet, more
The pulse value of the horizontal step motor of new record, deviation caused by being accumulated with elimination as machine error.
As shown in figure 8, a kind of daylighting component 1 of fiber illumination device provided by the invention includes plane skylight 10 and optical fiber coupling
Clutch 12 is provided with Fresnel Lenses light-condensing array on the plane skylight, and the plane skylight is focused the light into fiber coupler.
A portion of plane skylight 10 shown in Fig. 8, the number of corresponding fiber coupler according to the area of plane skylight come
It determines.For plate Fresnel Lenses light-condensing array with respect to single lens, alignment is faster, easy for installation, low in cost.Fiber coupler
It may filter that ultraviolet light, infrared ray bring harmless and healthy natural light to interior；Can also be as needed, each range of wavelength is filtered, only
Light needed for importing is suitble to more occasions to use.
Sun automatic tracking system provided by the invention passed through the horizontal step motor of 3-axis acceleration sensor, record
Number of pulses obtain daylighting component in its both vertically and horizontally upper angle rotated, with mechanical angular transducer
It compares, does not need the connection of gear or transmission shaft, saved cost, save space, reduce assembling difficulty, increase machine
Reliability on tool, and by the transmission of worm and gear and the transmission of combination synchronous belt, it can get equipment larger and smart
True transmission ratio, compact-sized, stable drive, operation when low noise the advantages of.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 9, the present invention also provides a kind of fiber illumination device tracking the sun method, the method includes with
Lower step: opening automatic tracking system, and system is initialized, and starts to execute tracking main program；
2) after the completion of tracing system initialization, the level-one coarseness tracking realized based on GPS and astronomical algorithm, institute are executed
State level-one coarseness tracking the following steps are included:
A. it reads satellite positioning signal and parses, azimuth and the height of current position of sun are analyzed by astronomical algorithm
Angle；
B. the initial state information of the daylighting component prestored in position of sun and system is compared, calculates daylighting component
Angle between the sun；
C. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component are adopted by the acquisition of angle acquisition module
The angle of rotation when optical assembly rotates in vertical direction obtains the information at daylighting component height angle, passes through the horizontal step of acquisition
Into motor number of pulses and carry out operation, obtain the angle that daylighting component rotates in the horizontal direction, constantly reduce angle it is inclined
Difference, until tracking expected position of sun；
4) in carrying out level-one coarseness tracing process, tracing system constantly reads the output numerical value of solar tracking detector, if
Output numerical value is more than preset value, then tracing system enters second level essence granularity tracking mode, executes second level essence granularity adjustment programme, if
Output numerical value is less than preset value, then continues to execute the tracking of level-one coarseness, the second level essence granularity adjustment programme includes following
Step:
A. electric signal caused by solar tracking detector is read, the angle of deviation of daylighting component Yu sun current location is calculated
Degree；
B. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component, adjust the angle of daylighting component, make
The lighting surface of daylighting component faces the sun.
In above-mentioned method for tracing, the output numerical value of photoelectric position detector will be more than that preset value can just enter second level essence
Granularity tracking, under certain weather conditions (such as cloudy day, haze, sandstorm), when sunlight intensity is low, tracing system will not be into
Enter to second level essence granularity and track, is constantly in level-one coarseness tracking state.
With reference to Fig. 9, in level-one coarseness tracing process, tracing system will be in current water at interval of a time cycle
It is flat primary towards position lateral probe movement, it causes a deviation to prevent mechanical structure operation is accumulative, sun position is arrived in scanning during the scanning process
Just enter second level essence granularity tracking state when setting.
With reference to Figure 10, a kind of tracing system of the method for the fiber illumination device tracking sun provided by the invention further includes one
A molding on and off duty, the program on and off duty includes the following contents:
1) in tracking main program implementation procedure, tracing system reads the temporal information of GPS at interval of a time cycle,
If the temporal information read is in the quitting time, system executes the mode of coming off duty, drives the horizontal step motor of dual-axis driving device
And vertical step motor, the daylighting component of fiber illumination device is rotated, the daylighting component of fiber illumination device is resetted；If reading
Temporal information be not at the quitting time, then interval one time cycle subsequent resume studies take the temporal information of GPS, judge that it is
In work hours or quitting time；
2) in the mode of coming off duty, tracing system reads the temporal information of GPS at interval of time cycle, if read when
Between information be in the work hours, tracing system is restored and starts to execute tracking main program；If the temporal information read is still under
Class the time, then interval one time cycle subsequent resume studies take the temporal information of GPS, judge its be in the work hours or under
Class's time.
By automatic setting on and off duty, guarantee that machine night does not flog a dead horse, not only energy conservation but also each driving member of reduction
Abrasion to extending service life of a machine.
Although specifically showing and describing the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should be bright
It is white, it is not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims, it in the form and details can be right
The present invention makes a variety of changes, and is protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sun automatic tracking system is adjusted the daylighting component being mounted thereon, it is characterised in that: the sun
Automatic tracking system includes Two axle drive component, level-one coarseness positioning component, second level essence granularity positioning component and control module,
Wherein,
Two axle drive component includes horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device, and the horizontal rotation apparatus includes horizontal rotation group
Part and for driving the horizontal step motor component that is rotated horizontally of horizontal rotation component, the vertical rotary device packet
Include vertical rotary component and for driving the vertical rotary component to carry out the motor vertical component of vertical rotary；
Level-one coarseness positioning component includes satellite positioning module and angle acquisition module, is acquired by the satellite positioning module
Location information and current time (UTC) information obtain the information at daylighting component height angle by the angle acquisition module, described
Satellite positioning module and angle acquisition module output end are electrically connected with control module；
Second level essence granularity positioning component includes a solar tracking detector, and the solar tracking detector output end is electrically connected with the control module
It connects；
The control module carries out level-one coarseness according to satellite positioning module and angle acquisition module control Two axle drive component
It positions and Two axle drive component is controlled according to solar tracking detector and carry out the positioning of second level essence granularity, wherein control Two axle drive group
The mode of part is: driving horizontal step motor, and carries out operation according to its number of pulses, obtains daylighting component in the horizontal direction
The angle of rotation, and driving motor vertical, and the letter at daylighting component height angle is obtained by the angle acquisition module in real time
Breath, obtains the angle that daylighting component rotates in vertical direction；
Wherein, level-one coarseness positioning the following steps are included:
A1. it reads satellite positioning signal and parses, azimuth and the elevation angle of current position of sun are analyzed by astronomical algorithm；
B1. the initial state information of the daylighting component prestored in position of sun and system is compared, calculate daylighting component with
Angle between the sun；
C1. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component obtain daylighting by angle acquisition module
The angle of rotation when component rotates in vertical direction obtains the information at daylighting component height angle；By acquiring horizontal stepping
The number of pulses of motor simultaneously carries out operation, obtains the angle that daylighting component rotates in the horizontal direction, then driving it is horizontal with it is vertical
Straight stepper motor, constantly reduction angular deviation, until tracking expected position of sun；
Second level essence granularity positioning the following steps are included:
A2. electric signal caused by solar tracking detector is read, the misalignment angle of daylighting component Yu sun current location is calculated；
B2. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component, adjust the angle of daylighting component, make daylighting
The lighting surface of component faces the sun.
2. sun automatic tracking system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the solar tracking detector includes a tubular
Accurate adjustment cylinder and photoelectric position detector, be provided with an incidence hole at the top of the accurate adjustment cylinder, the photoelectric position detector is set
It sets in the bottom of accurate adjustment cylinder.
3. sun automatic tracking system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the horizontal rotation apparatus includes fixing
Pedestal, horizontal step motor component and rotating base, the direction parallel with the mounting surface of firm banking is horizontal direction, with fixation
The vertical direction of the mounting surface of pedestal is vertical direction, and the rotating base is installed on the fixed base, and can be in fixation
It is rotated on pedestal, the horizontal step motor component installation on the fixed base, and drives rotating base to revolve in the horizontal direction
Turn；The vertical rotary device includes the bracket and motor vertical component of a U-shaped structure, and the support vertical is fixedly mounted on rotation
Turn on pedestal, and open end, far from rotating base, the motor vertical component is mounted on one of them of the open end of bracket
On end, the daylighting component is articulated on bracket and is located in the open end of bracket, and links and connect with motor vertical component
It connects.
4. sun automatic tracking system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the horizontal step motor component includes
Horizontal step motor, horizontal step motor bracket, bearing block, the first worm screw, small transmission wheel, large drive wheel and transmission belt, it is described
Horizontal step motor bracket is fixedly mounted on the fixed base, and the first worm screw both ends are fixedly mounted on horizontal stepping by bearing block
On electric machine support, the horizontal step motor is fixedly mounted on horizontal step motor bracket, the small transmission wheel and horizontal step
It is assembled into motor, the large drive wheel and the first worm screw are assembled, and the small transmission wheel and large drive wheel pass through transmission V belt translation, institute
It states and is installed with a transmission shaft on rotating base, the first worm gear, first worm gear and first are fixedly installed on the transmission shaft
Worm screw is linked, and when horizontal step motor operating, rotating base can operate at level side with horizontal step motor
Rotation upwards.
5. sun automatic tracking system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the motor vertical component includes vertical
Electric machine support, the second worm screw, motor vertical, rotary shaft and the second worm gear, the motor vertical bracket are fixed on the opening of bracket
On the end at end, the motor vertical is fixed on motor vertical bracket, and the second worm screw is fixedly mounted on the shaft of motor vertical
On, the second worm gear is fixedly mounted on the rotary shaft and is connected cooperation with the second worm screw, the rotary shaft extend bracket and
It is connected with daylighting component.
6. sun automatic tracking system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the horizontal rotation apparatus is additionally provided with
Resetting apparatus, the resetting apparatus include proximity sensor and magnet, wherein magnet is fixedly mounted on the side of the first worm gear simultaneously
And as the first worm gear rotates, proximity sensor is mounted on one of position of the running track side of magnet, described to connect
Nearly sensor is connected with control module, when limit sensors detect magnet, the arteries and veins of the horizontal step motor of more new record
Punching value, deviation caused by being accumulated with elimination as machine error.
7. a kind of optical fiber illuminating system, including daylighting component, automatic tracking system, guiding device, taillight lighting device and power supply
Device, the collected light of daylighting component are transmitted to taillight lighting device by guiding device, it is characterised in that: described to chase after automatically
Track system is any sun automatic tracking system of claim 1-6.
8. a kind of method of the automatic tracking system tracking sun, it is characterised in that: the described method comprises the following steps:
1) automatic tracking system is opened, system is initialized；
2) after the completion of tracing system initialization, the level-one coarseness tracking realized based on GPS and astronomical algorithm is executed, is being carried out
In level-one coarseness tracing process, tracing system constantly reads the output numerical value of solar tracking detector, if output numerical value is more than default
Value, then tracing system enter second level essence granularity tracking mode, execute second level essence granularity adjustment programme, if output numerical value be less than it is pre-
If value, then the tracking of level-one coarseness is continued to execute；Wherein:
Level-one coarseness tracking the following steps are included:
A1. it reads satellite positioning signal and parses, azimuth and the elevation angle of current position of sun are analyzed by astronomical algorithm；
B1. the initial state information of the daylighting component prestored in position of sun and system is compared, calculate daylighting component with
Angle between the sun；
C1. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component obtain daylighting by angle acquisition module
The angle of rotation when component rotates in vertical direction obtains the information at daylighting component height angle；By acquiring horizontal stepping
The number of pulses of motor simultaneously carries out operation, obtains the angle that daylighting component rotates in the horizontal direction, then driving it is horizontal with it is vertical
Straight stepper motor, constantly reduction angular deviation, until tracking expected position of sun；
The second level essence granularity adjustment programme the following steps are included:
A2. electric signal caused by solar tracking detector is read, the misalignment angle of daylighting component Yu sun current location is calculated；
B2. the horizontal rotation apparatus and vertical rotary device for driving Two axle drive component, adjust the angle of daylighting component, make daylighting
The lighting surface of component faces the sun.
9. the method for the automatic tracking system tracking sun according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: chased after in level-one coarseness
During track, tracing system will be primary towards position lateral probe movement in present level at interval of a time cycle, to prevent machine
The operation of tool structure is accumulative to cause a deviation, during the scanning process scanning to position of sun when just enter second level essence granularity and track state.
10. the method for the automatic tracking system tracking sun according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the tracing system
Include the steps that one it is on and off duty, the step on and off duty includes the following contents:
A3. in tracking main program implementation procedure, tracing system reads the temporal information of GPS at interval of a time cycle, if
The temporal information of reading is in the quitting time, and system executes the mode of coming off duty, and drives Two axle drive component, resets daylighting component；
If the temporal information read is not at the quitting time, at interval, one time cycle subsequent resume studies takes the temporal information of GPS, sentences
Breaking, it is in work hours or quitting time；
B3. in the mode of coming off duty, tracing system reads the temporal information of GPS at interval of a time cycle, if the time read
Information is in the work hours, and tracing system is restored and starts to execute tracing program；If read temporal information still in it is next when
Between, then interval one time cycle subsequent resume studies take the temporal information of GPS, judge its be in the work hours or it is next when
Between.
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| CN107094534B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2020-11-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Underground intelligent vegetable greenhouse and working method thereof |
| CN107528541A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-29 | 南京天创电子技术有限公司 | The hot spot detection means and detection method of a kind of photovoltaic module |
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