CN103011947B - Suspended nutrient composition and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Suspended nutrient composition and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103011947B CN103011947B CN201210440215.6A CN201210440215A CN103011947B CN 103011947 B CN103011947 B CN 103011947B CN 201210440215 A CN201210440215 A CN 201210440215A CN 103011947 B CN103011947 B CN 103011947B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a suspended nutrient composition and a method for preparing the same. The suspended nutrient composition comprises a foamed material, a colloid layer and nutrients, wherein the foamed material comprises starch, biodegradable polyester and a plasticizer; the foamed material has a plurality of pores which are formed by bubbles generated by a physical foaming agent; according to the total weight of the foamed material, the content of the starch is 65wt% to 75wt%, while the content of the biodegradable polyester is 15wt% to 25wt%, the content of the plasticizer is 8wt% to 13wt% and the content of the physical foaming agent is 0.5wt% to 5wt%; the colloid layer covers the foamed material; and the nutrients are distributed in the foamed material. The suspended nutrient composition is capable of suspending on the water surface to release the nutrients so as to improve the overall uniformity of the nutrients in water; in this way, the electric energy can be saved; and the preparation method is simple and capable of being popularized and applied, thereby having obvious economic and social benefits.
Description
technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of suspension type nutrient composition thing and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Plant factor is acknowledged as the developmental stage of highest level in international industrialized agriculture (facility agriculture).Plant factor is that a kind of technology height is intensive, is not subject to or is seldom subject to the mode of production of natural condition restriction, and it has advantages of without agricultural chemicals use, rapid operation, probability degree is high automatically.Even hundreds of times of the yield per unit of plant factor can reach that general soil cultivates tens times, the important channel that is therefore considered to solve population, Environmental and resource issue.The core value of plant factor is can assist to promote agricultural towards sophistication development, reduces environmental disruption and the keyholed back plate that increases quality.
The major technique of plant factor is the combination of hydroponic culture, environment control and biotechnology, and wherein hydroponic culture can make plant growth leave soil, avoids the shortcoming of soil fertility loss and continuous cropping (continuous cropping) obstacle.Particularly, hydroponic culture is directly to see through nutrient solution (nutrient liquid) to provide nutrient to absorb and grow up by plant, realizes by this target without soil (soilless) cultivation.In addition, the benefit of hydroponic culture is to facilitate automatization, and nutrient solution can be recycled and more can facilitate at any time monitoring.
Generally speaking, nutrient solution comprises water and nutrient, typically use motor circulate nutrient solution so that nutrient be dispersed in water.But, use motor to consume too much electric energy, and increase the cost of hydroponic culture automatization control.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of suspension type nutrient composition thing and preparation method thereof, this suspension type nutrient composition thing can see through to be suspended on the water surface and disengage nutrient to increase the overall homogeneity of nutrient in water, can save electric energy; Preparation method is simple, can be applicable, and possesses significant economic and social benefit.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of suspension type nutrient composition thing, comprising: foaming formed material, colloid layer and nutrient;
Described foaming formed material, comprise that starch, biology can decomposing polyester and plasticizers, this foaming formed material has multiple holes, these holes are that the bubble being produced by pneumatogen forms, in the gross weight of this foaming formed material, the content of starch is 65 wt% to 75 wt%, and the content that biology can decomposing polyester is 15 wt% to 25 wt%, the content of plasticizer is 8 wt% to 13 wt%, and the content of pneumatogen is 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%;
Described colloid layer is coated on the surface of foaming formed material;
Described Nutrient distribution is in foaming formed material.
The density of described suspension type nutrient composition thing is less than 1 g/cm
3.
Described Nutrient distribution is in colloid layer.The content that is wherein distributed in the nutrient of foaming formed material is greater than the content of the nutrient that is distributed in colloid layer.
A preparation method for suspension type nutrient composition thing as above, comprising:
(1) by starch, biology can decomposing polyester, plasticizer and physical foaming agent and mixing to be to form the first mixture;
(2) nutrient is added in the first mixture to form the second mixture;
(3) the second mixture is carried out to hot pressing, make pneumatogen produce bubble, and form the foaming formed material with multiple holes;
(4) carry out coating program, so that colloidal solution is coated on the surface of foaming formed material.
Described preparation method also comprises: before carrying out coating program, foaming formed material is carried out to low-temperature curing program.
After carrying out coating program, the foaming formed material of coated colloidal solution is carried out to low-temperature curing program.
Described preparation method comprises: the preparation of colloidal solution, its step comprises: by colloid powder and liquid mixing heating for dissolving, form colloidal solution.Or nutrient is added in the colloid powder and liquid after heating for dissolving, form colloidal solution.
In the gross weight of colloidal solution, the content of colloid powder is 1.5 wt% to 51 wt%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: suspension type nutrient composition thing of the present invention can see through to be suspended on the water surface and disengage nutrient to increase the overall homogeneity of nutrient in water, can save electric energy; Preparation method is simple, can be applicable, and possesses significant economic and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the manufacturing process schematic diagram of suspension type nutrient composition thing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of suspension type nutrient composition thing of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the another kind of suspension type nutrient composition of the present invention thing.
Note: 100,100a: suspension type nutrient composition thing; 110: foaming formed material; 110P: hole; 120: colloid layer; 130: nutrient; S102, S104, S106, S108: step
embodiment
Fig. 1 is the manufacturing process schematic diagram of the suspension type nutrient composition thing of one embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the suspension type nutrient composition thing of one embodiment of the invention.Please refer to Fig. 1, first, carry out step S102, by a starch, a biology can decomposing polyester, a plasticizer and a physical foaming agent and mixing to be to form one first mixture.In the gross weight of the first mixture, the content of starch is 65 wt% to 75 wt%, and the content that biology can decomposing polyester is 15 wt% to 25 wt%, and the content of plasticizer is 8 wt% to 13 wt%, and the content of pneumatogen is 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%.
The function of starch is adsorption aqueous solution.For example, starch is for example Semen Maydis powder (corn starch), cassava, potato or other applicable starch.Certainly, the present invention is not as limit, and general food grade starch can be served as the present embodiment starch used.
Biological function that can decomposing polyester is to strengthen mechanical characteristics.For example, biology can decomposing polyester be for example poly butylene succinate (Poly (butylene succinate), PBS) or poly(lactic acid) (Poly Lactic Acid, PLA).Certainly, the present invention is not as limit, and can serve as the present embodiment biology used as long as the decomposable polyester of biology can decomposing polyester.
The function of plasticizer is to process plastotype.For example, plasticizer is for example mixture or the polyvalent alcohol of glycerine and water.Certainly, the present invention is not as limit, as long as the decomposable plasticizer of biology can be served as the present embodiment plasticizer used.
The function of pneumatogen is to produce gas hole.For example, pneumatogen is for example urea (CO (NH
2)
2), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO
3), bicarbonate of ammonia (NH
4hCO
3) or calcium carbonate (CaCO
3).In above-mentioned thing whipping agent after heating, be all the gas that produces carbonic acid gas be example explanation, certainly, the present invention is not as limit.In other embodiment, as long as the whipping agent that can produce gas after heating all can be used as the present embodiment pneumatogen used.
Come again, carry out step S104, a nutrient is added in above-mentioned the first mixture to form one second mixture.Nutrient is for example fertilizer, and the kind of fertilizer by the crop of wish cultivation determine.In other words, the present invention does not limit the kind of nutrient.Particularly, can according to the wish element kind of adding decide the kind of nutrient, it is for example nitrogenous fertilizer, boron fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer or calcareous fertilisers etc.Moreover the content ratio of nutrient is determined by different fertilizer types.In general, the nitrogenous fertilizer concentration in nutrient solution is 120 ppm to 300 ppm, and the potash fertilizer concentration in nutrient solution is 40 ppm to 150 ppm, and the calcareous fertilisers concentration in nutrient solution is 100 ppm to 260 ppm, and definite concentration of fertilizer can adjust because crop is different.In the present embodiment, the content of nutrient in the second mixture is for example 3 to 10 times of concentration of fertilizer in nutrient solution.
In the present embodiment, nutrient is for example one first type fertilizer.The first type fertilizer is for example potassium hydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4), magnesium sulfate (MgSO
4.7H
2o), manganous sulfate (MnSO
4.4H
2o), boric acid (H
3bO
3), sodium tetraborate (Na
2b
4o
7.10H
2o), copper sulfate (CuSO
4.5H
2o), zinc sulfate (ZnSO
4.7H
2o), Ammonium Heptamolybdate ((NH
4)
6mo
7o
24.4H
2o), urea (CO (NH
2)
2) or its arbitrary combination.But, the invention is not restricted to this, in another embodiment, nutrient is for example a Second-Type fertilizer.Second-Type fertilizer is for example nitrocalcite (Ca (NO
3)
2.4H
2o), calcium chloride (CaCl
2), iron-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (Fe-EDTA), saltpetre (KNO
3) or its arbitrary combination.
Then, carry out step S106, the second mixture is carried out to a hot extrusion processing procedure, so that the pneumatogen in the second mixture produces bubble, and form at least one foaming formed material 110 with multiple hole 110P, please refer to Fig. 2.For example, pneumatogen can be made up of the urea of different ratios, sodium bicarbonate, bicarbonate of ammonia and calcium carbonate, above-mentioned pneumatogen can produce carbonic acid gas after heating, and carbonic acid gas can rest in the second mixture, to form the foaming formed material 110 with multiple hole 110P.
Particularly, above-mentioned hot extrusion processing procedure is for example that the second mixture is imported in single-screw extrusion machine and processed.Processing conditions is for example four-part form heating schedule.First stage is for example preheating and transports the stage, and its temperature is 110 ℃ to 115 ℃.Subordinate phase is for example melting and mix stages, and its temperature is 125 ℃ to 130 ℃.Phase III is for example extruding and mix stage, and its temperature is 125 ℃ to 130 ℃.Fourth stage is for example cooling and output stage, and its temperature is 105 ℃ to 110 ℃.In addition, screw speed is for example 40 rpm to 50 rpm.In other words, above-mentioned hot extrusion processing procedure is for example in heating the second mixture, and extruding the second mixture is so that it forms the foaming formed material of strip.But the present invention does not limit the shape of foaming formed material.
Then, can optionally carry out a cutting process, so that the foaming formed material 110 of strip is cut into multiple foaming particles.And the present invention does not limit the shape of foamingization particle.In other words, foaming formed material 110 can be the particle with arbitrary shape.
Then, can optionally carry out a low-temperature curing program, to fix the shape of foaming formed material.Herein, curing temperature is for example-20 ℃.
Come again, carry out step S108, that is, carry out a coating program, so that the surface of the coated foaming of colloid solution formed material 110.Wherein, the step that is coated with program comprises: first, after colloid powder is mixed with the uniform liquid of one 25 ℃ to 30 ℃, more slowly stir and carry out a heating for dissolving program and form colloid solution, wherein the content of colloid powder is 1.5 wt% to 51 wt%.Herein, liquid is for example water, and temperature when heating for dissolving program is for example between 60 ℃ to 80 ℃.In the present embodiment, colloid is for example natural biological colloid or chemosynthesis colloid.Natural biological colloid is for example agar (agar), Xanthan gum (xanthan gum), shellac (shellac), close magnificent bean gum (guar gum), γ-poly-Vetsin (Gamma-polyglutamic Acid), pectin (pectin) or sodium alginate (Sodium alginate).In addition, chemosynthesis colloid is for example the synthetic glues such as PLGA (poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), PLGA).
In the present embodiment, colloidal solution is made up of colloid powder and liquid.But, the invention is not restricted to this.In another embodiment, in order to contribute to that the nutrient 130 in foaming formed material 110 is discharged, can further nutrient 130 be added in the mixed colloid powder and liquid after above-mentioned heating for dissolving.Now, be distributed in foaming formed material 110 nutrient 130 content be to be for example greater than nutrient 130 content that are distributed in colloidal solution.
Then, colloidal solution is coated to the surface of the foaming formed material 110 having solidified.For example, can drop in colloidal solution solidifying foaming formed material 110, then the foaming formed material on surface rubber cover liquid solution is taken out.
After carrying out coating program, can be more optionally carry out a low-temperature curing program to the foaming formed material 110 of coated colloidal solution, and make colloidal solution form the colloid layer 120 of cure states and coated foaming formed material 110 in it.So far, can complete the manufacture of the suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 of the present embodiment.Hold above-mentionedly, the manufacture method of the suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 of the present embodiment is simple, therefore has advantages of and is easy to process volume production and low cost of manufacture.
Structurally, refer again to Fig. 2, the suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 of the present embodiment comprises a foaming formed material 110, colloid layer 120 1 pneumatogen and a nutrient 130, wherein the surface of the coated foaming formed material 110 of colloid layer 120.Foaming formed material 110 has multiple hole 110P.Nutrient 130 is distributed in foaming formed material 110.About the composition of foaming formed material 110 please refer to previous embodiment, in this repeated description no longer.
In the time that suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 is positioned in water, the permeable suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 that enters of water, the nutrient 130 in suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 can be slowly diffused in water by suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 because of the impact of concentration gradient.For example, nutrient 130 is diffused in water through colloid layer 120 by foaming formed material 110.Now, see through the content number of nutrient 130 in suspension type nutrient composition thing 100, can control nutrient 130 and disengage the speed in water.Thus, the suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 of the present embodiment can slowly and equably be released to nutrient 130 in water.
In the present embodiment, the density of suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 is less than or equal to 1 g/cm
3.Be preferably, the density of suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 is for example less than 1 g/cm
3.Accordingly, suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 can be suspended on the water surface, and now, nutrient 130 can be diffused in water equably, so that nutrient 130 concentration in water are consistent.
In addition,, in the time that the concentration of the nutrient 130 in suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 and nutrient 130 concentration in water are identical in fact, the nutrient 130 in suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 will no longer disengage in water.Now, because the foaming formed material 110 in suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 is made up of biologically degradable material, therefore suspension type nutrient composition thing 100 directly can be buried in arable land, be decomposed by the microorganism in soil.Thus, be not only difficult for causing environmental pollution, more can increase the soil fertility in arable land.
In addition, in other embodiments, nutrient 130 also can be distributed in foaming formed material 110 and colloid layer 120, as shown in Figure 3 simultaneously.In this embodiment, be distributed in foaming formed material 110 nutrient 130 content be greater than nutrient 130 content that are distributed in colloid layer 120.In the time that suspension type nutrient composition thing 100a is placed in water, the nutrient 130 in colloid layer 120 can comparatively fast be diffused in water than the nutrient 130 in foaming formed material 110, disengages the time in water further to shorten nutrient 130.Particularly, the suspension type nutrient composition thing 100a of the present embodiment is not using under the prerequisite of motor cycles nutrient solution, just can make nutrient 130 evenly be spread in nutrient solution.Base this, use the suspension type nutrient composition thing 100a of the present embodiment can have advantages of that the electric energy of saving and reduction cultivate cost.
In sum, the present invention's suspension type nutrient composition thing sees through the coated foaming of colloid layer formed material, so that the nutrient in foaming formed material can slowly be released in water, to control nutrient density and nutrient release rate in water.In addition, the present invention's suspension type nutrient composition thing can be suspended on the water surface, therefore in the time that nutrient diffuses in water, when nutrient from top to bottom and equably diffuses in water, so that plant can continue to absorb nutrient.In addition, the composition of the present invention's suspension type nutrient composition thing is Biodegradable, can directly be buried in soil to reduce environmental pollution after therefore using.Moreover the manufacture method of the present invention's suspension type nutrient composition thing has low cost of manufacture and is easy to process the characteristic of volume production.
Although the present invention discloses as above with embodiment; so it is not in order to limit the present invention; under any, in technical field, have and conventionally know the knowledgeable; without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; when doing a little change and retouching, thus the present invention's protection domain when depending on after the attached claim person of defining be as the criterion.
Claims (2)
1. a suspension type nutrient composition thing, is characterized in that: described suspension type nutrient composition thing comprises: foaming formed material, colloid layer and nutrient;
The density of described suspension type nutrient composition thing is less than 1 g/cm
3;
Described foaming formed material, comprise that starch, biology can decomposing polyester and plasticizers, there are multiple holes, these holes are that the bubble being produced by pneumatogen forms, in the gross weight of foaming formed material, the content of starch is 65 wt% to 75 wt%, and the content that biology can decomposing polyester is 15 wt% to 25 wt%, the content of plasticizer is 8 wt% to 13 wt%, and the content of pneumatogen is 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%;
Described colloid layer is coated on the surface of foaming formed material;
Described Nutrient distribution is in foaming formed material;
Described Nutrient distribution is in colloid layer;
The content of nutrient that described suspension type nutrient composition thing is distributed in foaming formed material is greater than the content of the nutrient that is distributed in colloid layer.
2. a preparation method for suspension type nutrient composition thing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises:
(1) by starch, biology can decomposing polyester, plasticizer and physical foaming agent and mixing to be to form the first mixture;
(2) nutrient is added in the first mixture to form the second mixture;
(3) the second mixture is carried out to hot pressing, make pneumatogen produce bubble, and form the foaming formed material with multiple holes;
(4) carry out coating program, so that colloidal solution is coated on the surface of foaming formed material;
Described preparation method comprises: before carrying out coating program, foaming formed material is carried out to low-temperature curing program; After carrying out coating program, the foaming formed material of coated colloidal solution is carried out to low-temperature curing program;
Described preparation method comprises: the preparation of colloidal solution, and its step comprises: by colloid powder and liquid mixing heating for dissolving; Nutrient is added in the colloid powder and liquid after heating for dissolving, form colloidal solution; In the gross weight of colloidal solution, the content of colloid powder is 1.5 wt% to 51 wt%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210440215.6A CN103011947B (en) | 2012-11-07 | 2012-11-07 | Suspended nutrient composition and method for preparing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210440215.6A CN103011947B (en) | 2012-11-07 | 2012-11-07 | Suspended nutrient composition and method for preparing same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103011947A CN103011947A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103011947B true CN103011947B (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN108821862A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-16 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of compound fertilizer preparation method improving sugarcane sugariness |
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| US3899850A (en) * | 1971-07-28 | 1975-08-19 | Semperit Ag | Carrier bodies for plants |
| CN1796445A (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-05 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Expanding foam material based on natural polysaccharide and preparation method |
| CN1935885A (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-03-28 | 李小鲁 | Biodegradable composition, and its preparing method and foamed product |
| CN1919926B (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2010-05-12 | 华南农业大学 | Polylactic acid-starch foaming material and preparation method thereof |
| CN100419025C (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-09-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Water retaining fertilizer retaining multifunction polymer composite material and its preparation method |
| CN101027978A (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2007-09-05 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Floating microcapsule carrier under friendly environment and its production |
| CN101747605B (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2012-04-18 | 深圳市意可曼生物科技有限公司 | Complete biodegradation foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101401569B (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2011-01-05 | 湖南大方农化有限公司 | Environment-friendly floating agrochemistic formulations for rice field and method of producing the same |
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