CN102850123B - Colloidal granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Colloidal granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102850123B CN102850123B CN201210320278.8A CN201210320278A CN102850123B CN 102850123 B CN102850123 B CN 102850123B CN 201210320278 A CN201210320278 A CN 201210320278A CN 102850123 B CN102850123 B CN 102850123B
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- fertilizer
- aqueous solution
- solid shape
- colloidal solid
- water soluble
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Abstract
The invention discloses a colloidal granular fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a water soluble fertilizer and a colloidal liquid to form a fertilizer aqueous solution, wherein the water soluble fertilizer comprises at least one selected from a group comprising KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O, MnSO4.4H2O, H3BO3, Na2B4O7.10H2O, CuSO4.5HO2, ZnSO4.7H2O, (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O, CO(NH2)2, Fe-EDTA and KNO3, the colloidal liquid comprises at least one selected from a group comprising agar, a xanthan gum, shellac, a cyanopsis tetrag onoloba gum, a natto gum, a pectin, a synthetic aqueous glue and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), and the colloidal liquid content in the fertilizer aqueous solution is 1.5-15 wt%; and adding the fertilizer aqueous solution to water with a temperature of 0-4 DEG C, such that the fertilizer aqueous solution is subjected to solidification molding.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and manufacture method thereof, relate to especially a kind of colloidal solid shape fertilizer and manufacture method thereof for hydroponic culture.
Background technology
The cultivation of tradition vegetables and fruits or flowers is general all in the mode of soil cultivation.The mode of soil cultivation is that plant is positioned over to open air, easily be subject to the impact of insect pest, light evil or atmospheric ambient factors, make the process of its plant incubation and the specification of plant growth, cannot accurately control or expect, so often cause agriculture author heavy losses economically.
Based on above-mentioned reason, a kind of combination modern architecture science and technology is ploughed plantation with the water of agriculture nutritive medium technology, and the technical field with high cash crop in sophistication agricultural especially, has occupied quite at high proportion and consequence.
Water is ploughed in cultivating technology, take the ratio of nutrient composition and stability of concentration as most important environmental factor, is to be also the most easily left in the basket, and therefore experienced water is ploughed dealer and invariably looked this for important secret.Moreover the conductance of nutritive medium and pH-value can change because plant has absorbed the element in nutritive medium.Therefore, traditional method is that a large amount of water is ploughed to water and the nutritive medium of cultivating in using, and carries out flow circuit with motor, stablizes with the envrionment conditions that maintains nutritive medium.But this practice quite consumes energy, and working cycle contacts with extraneous sunlight, easily multiplies a large amount of algae reproduction, also directly affects water and plough the growth of plant.
Therefore, just there is the fertilizer that the stable releasing nutrients liquid of a kind of energy need to be provided, can solve that aforementioned middle use motor carries out flow circuit and the problem that causes power consumption.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of colloidal solid shape Production of manure method, this Production of manure method comprises the following steps: to mix a water soluble fertilizer and a colloid liquid, forms a fertilizer aqueous solution, and this water soluble fertilizer is selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4), epsom salt (MgSO
4.7H
2o), manganese sulfate (MnSO
4.4H
2o), boric acid (H
3bO
3), borax (Na
2b
4o
7.10H
2o), Salzburg vitriol (CuSO
4.5HO
2), Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
4.7H
2o), ammonium molybdate ((NH
4)
6mo
7o
24.4H
2o), urea (CO (NH
2)
2), diamines ethylidine four iron acetates (Fe-EDTA) and saltpetre (KNO
3) at least one in the group that forms, this colloid liquid is selected from least one in the group that agar, Xanthan gum, shellac, pass China bean gum, natto gum, pectin, synthetic glue and PLGA (PLGA (poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid))) form, and this colloid liquid is weight percentage 1.5 ~ 15% at the content of this fertilizer aqueous solution; And add this fertilizer aqueous solution to Celsius 0 degree in the water between 4 degree, make this fertilizer aqueous solution coagulation forming.
The invention provides a kind of colloidal solid shape fertilizer, comprising: a colloid has a body and a plurality of hole; And a water soluble fertilizer, be mixed in the body of this colloid.
The present invention utilizes the crosslinking feature of colloid liquid, by the water soluble fertilizer mixing of high density and even all coated, and make the fertilizer aqueous solution condense into the fertilizer of colloidal solid shape, control gel pore size by different colloid concentration, and adjust the size of immobilized colloidal solid shape fertilizer when granulation, control the speed that the water soluble fertilizer composition in colloidal solid shape fertilizer disengages.In the process using, in water, discharge fertilizer by colloidal solid shape fertilizer, thus need to, with motor cycles, also not be difficult for multiplying algae, and then save the consumption of the energy and reduce planting cost.Moreover, due to colloidal solid shape fertilizer itself be belong to biology can decomposing material, after therefore using, can directly be buried in soil and plough and use as compost, and by the microorganism in soil, colloidal solid shape fertilizer be decomposed, the ability of producing to increase soil, and this fertilizer can be used for hydroponic culture.
In order to allow above-mentioned technology contents of the present invention and object, feature and the advantage can be more obvious, below will coordinate appended diagram, be described in detail below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the Production of manure method flow diagram for hydroponic culture of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows the Production of manure method flow diagram for hydroponic culture of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows colloidal solid shape fertilizer Local map of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the local pictures of colloidal solid shape fertilizer of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is colloidal solid shape fertilizer schematic diagram of the present invention.
Label declaration: 300 colloidal solid shape fertilizer, 310 colloids, 320 holes, 330 water soluble fertilizers, 340 bodies, 400 colloidal solid shape fertilizer, 410 spherical shape, 420 drops, 430 ellipsoid shapes, S100 ~ S112 step, S200 ~ S212 step.
Embodiment
Refer to Fig. 1, show the manufacture method schema of the colloidal solid shape fertilizer of first embodiment of the invention.The manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Step S100: water soluble fertilizer is provided.In the present embodiment, water soluble fertilizer is selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4), epsom salt (MgSO
4.7H
2o), manganese sulfate (MnSO
4.4H
2o), boric acid (H
3bO
3), borax (Na
2b
4o
7.10H
2o), Salzburg vitriol (CuSO
4.5HO
2), Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
4.7H
2o), ammonium molybdate ((NH
4)
6mo
7o
24.4H
2o), urea (CO (NH
2)
2), diamines ethylidine four iron acetates (Fe-EDTA) and saltpetre (KNO
3) at least one in the group that forms.
For example, water soluble fertilizer comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate, epsom salt, manganese sulfate, boric acid, borax, Salzburg vitriol, Zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate and urea, and fertilizer type and concentration ratio that can be required for different plants be done different adjustment.
Step S102: mix water soluble fertilizer and water and form liquid fertilizer.In the present embodiment, first water soluble fertilizer is first mixed to action with water, to form liquid fertilizer, the action that can heat at the same time or separately and stir in the mixing process of water soluble fertilizer and water, soluble in water to accelerate water soluble fertilizer.
Step S104: colloid is provided.In the present embodiment, colloid can be selected from least one in the group that agar, Xanthan gum, shellac, pass China bean gum, natto gum, pectin, synthetic glue and PLGA (PLGA) form.
For example, colloid comprises agar and Xanthan gum.
Step S106: mix colloid and water and form colloid liquid.In the present embodiment, agar, Xanthan gum and water are mixed with to colloid liquid, and this colloid liquid is heated to 100 degree, and continue 10 ~ 20 minutes, so that agar, Xanthan gum and water mix completely.
Step S108: mixes liquid fertilizer and colloid liquid, to form a fertilizer aqueous solution.In the present embodiment, mixes liquid fertilizer and colloid liquid can be mixed to action, to form the fertilizer aqueous solution.In another embodiment, also water soluble fertilizer directly can be mixed to action with colloid liquid, to form the fertilizer aqueous solution.The temperature of this fertilizer aqueous solution can remain between centigradetemperature 60 ~ 80 degree.This colloid liquid is weight percentage 1.5 ~ 15% at the content of this fertilizer aqueous solution.Preferably, agar accounts for the fertilizer aqueous solution and is approximately weight percentage 5%, and Xanthan gum accounts for the fertilizer aqueous solution and is approximately weight percentage 3%.
Step S110: produce bubble.In the present embodiment, can utilize the mode that stirs or ventilate, the fertilizer aqueous solution is produced to a large amount of and careful bubbles.For example: the action that utilizes clarifixator to stir in this fertilizer aqueous solution, make the fertilizer aqueous solution produce a large amount of and careful bubbles, and then after solidifying, can change the mean specific gravity of shaped granule, reach and control the sink-float of immobilization grain in water.
Step S112: coagulation forming.In the present embodiment, utilize the mode that splashes into, sprays or inject that this fertilizer aqueous solution is added to frozen water, make this fertilizer aqueous solution be frozen into the fertilizer of colloidal solid shape.For example: can by the fertilizer aqueous solution with inchworm motor sucking-off after, recycling needle-like dropper by the fertilizer aqueous solution with constant speed and slowly mode splash into 0 degree Celsius in the frozen water between 4 degree, the effect that makes the dropping liquid of the fertilizer aqueous solution produce crosslinked at low temperature, to form spherocolloids.Moreover, can adjust by the constant speed speed of inchworm motor the size of the fertilizer of colloidal solid shape.
Refer to Fig. 2, show the manufacture method schema of the colloidal solid shape fertilizer of second embodiment of the invention.The manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Step S200: water soluble fertilizer is provided.In the present embodiment, water soluble fertilizer is selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4), epsom salt (MgSO
4.7H
2o), manganese sulfate (MnSO
4.4H
2o), boric acid (H
3bO
3), borax (Na
2b
4o
7.10H
2o), Salzburg vitriol (CuSO
4.5HO
2), Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
4.7H
2o), ammonium molybdate ((NH
4)
6mo
7o
24.4H
2o), urea (CO (NH
2)
2), diamines ethylidine four iron acetates (Fe-EDTA) and saltpetre (KNO
3) at least one in the group that forms.
For example, water soluble fertilizer comprises diamines ethylidine four iron acetates and saltpetre, and fertilizer type and concentration ratio that can be required for different plants be done different adjustment.
Step S202: mix water soluble fertilizer and water and form liquid fertilizer.In the present embodiment, first water soluble fertilizer is first mixed to action with water, to form liquid fertilizer, the action that can heat at the same time or separately and stir in the mixing process of water soluble fertilizer and water, soluble in water to accelerate water soluble fertilizer.
Step S204: sodium alginate is provided.
Step S206: mix sodium alginate and water and form colloid liquid.In the present embodiment, sodium alginate and water are mixed with to colloid liquid, and the temperature of this colloid liquid is remained between centigradetemperature 25 ~ 50 degree.
Step S208: mixes liquid fertilizer and colloid liquid, to form a fertilizer aqueous solution.In the present embodiment, mixes liquid fertilizer and colloid liquid can be mixed to action, to form the fertilizer aqueous solution.In another embodiment, also water soluble fertilizer directly can be mixed to action with colloid liquid, to form the fertilizer aqueous solution.The temperature of this fertilizer aqueous solution can remain between centigradetemperature 25 ~ 50 degree.This sodium alginate is weight percentage 0.5 ~ 34% at the content of this fertilizer aqueous solution, and preferably, sodium alginate accounts for colloid liquid weight percent 4%.
Step S210: produce bubble.In the present embodiment, utilize the mode of stirring, ventilation or chemical reaction, the fertilizer aqueous solution is produced to a large amount of and careful bubbles.For example: utilize chemical reaction mode, in the fertilizer aqueous solution, add sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid and produce a large amount of carbon dioxides, and then produce a large amount of and careful bubbles, and after solidifying, can change the mean specific gravity of shaped granule, reach and control the sink-float of immobilization grain in water.
Step S212: coagulation forming.In the present embodiment, can by the fertilizer aqueous solution with inchworm motor sucking-off after, recycling needle-like dropper by the fertilizer aqueous solution take constant speed and slowly mode splash into mole concentration in the calcium nitrate aqueous solution of 0.3 mole, to form spherocolloids.Then, calcium nitrate aqueous solution is left standstill to 1 hour, wait for Ca
2+infiltrate through completely in spherocolloids, form sclerosis colloidal solid shape fertilizer.
Refer to Fig. 3, show colloidal solid shape fertilizer Local map of the present invention.This colloidal solid shape fertilizer 300 comprises: a colloid 310 has a body 340 and a plurality of hole 320; And one water soluble fertilizer 330 be mixed in the body 340 of this colloid 310.If by the first embodiment manufacturing out, the composition of this colloid 310 is formed by agar and Xanthan gum; Again, the composition of this water soluble fertilizer 330 is formed by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, epsom salt, manganese sulfate, boric acid, borax, Salzburg vitriol, Zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate and urea.If by the second embodiment manufacturing out, the composition of this colloid 310 is formed by sodium alginate, and the calcium ion that more adulterates in this colloid; Again, the composition of this water soluble fertilizer 330 is formed by diamines ethylidine four iron acetates and saltpetre.
In fact, water soluble fertilizer 330 mixes mutually with colloid 310, and water soluble fertilizer 330 not presents with point-like in Fig. 3, but in order to explicitly point out water soluble fertilizer 330 and colloid 310, so present by this mode.
Fig. 4 is the local pictures of colloidal solid shape fertilizer of the present invention.This photo is under electron microscope, observes the captured photo of colloidal solid shape fertilizer of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is colloidal solid shape fertilizer schematic diagram of the present invention.This colloidal solid shape fertilizer can be because instrument, the parameter of setting or the ratio difference of material using, therefore, this colloidal solid shape fertilizer 400 may present spherical shape 410, drops 420, ellipsoid shape 430 or other irregular shape, its diameter length between 0.3 centimeter to 0.5 centimeter, at this not to be limited.
Therefore, the present invention utilizes the crosslinking feature of colloid liquid, the water soluble fertilizer of high density is mixed and be evenly coated, and make the fertilizer aqueous solution condense into colloidal solid shape fertilizer, control gel pore size by different colloid concentration, and adjust the size of immobilized colloidal solid shape fertilizer when granulation, control the speed that the water soluble fertilizer composition in colloidal solid shape fertilizer disengages.In the process using, in water, discharge fertilizer by colloidal solid shape fertilizer, thus need to, with motor cycles, also not be difficult for multiplying algae, and then save the consumption of the energy and reduce planting cost.Moreover, due to colloidal solid shape fertilizer itself be belong to biology can decomposing material, after therefore using, can directly be buried in soil and plough and use as compost, and by the microorganism in soil, colloidal solid shape fertilizer be decomposed, to increase soil fertility, and this fertilizer can be used for hydroponic culture.
In sum, be that only notebook is invented as presenting embodiment or the embodiment of the adopted technique means of dealing with problems, be not used for limiting the scope of patent working of the present invention.Be allly to conform to the present patent application the scope of the claims context, or the equalization of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, being all the present patent application the scope of the claims and containing.
Claims (13)
1. a manufacture method for colloidal solid shape fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Mix a water soluble fertilizer and a colloid liquid, form a fertilizer aqueous solution, this water soluble fertilizer is selected from least one in the group that potassium dihydrogen phosphate, epsom salt, manganese sulfate, boric acid, borax, Salzburg vitriol, Zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate, urea, diamines ethylidine four iron acetates and saltpetre forms, this colloid liquid is selected from least one in the group that agar, Xanthan gum, shellac, pass China bean gum, natto gum, synthetic glue and PLGA form, and this colloid liquid is weight percentage 1.5 ~ 15% at the content of this fertilizer aqueous solution; And
This fertilizer aqueous solution is joined to 0 degree Celsius in the water between 4 degree, make this fertilizer aqueous solution coagulation forming.
2. the manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, more comprise the following steps: to utilize the mode that splashes into, sprays or inject that this fertilizer aqueous solution is added to 0 degree Celsius to the water between 4 degree, make this fertilizer aqueous solution coagulation forming.
3. the manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, more comprises the following steps: to utilize the mode that stirs or ventilate, and makes this fertilizer aqueous solution produce bubble.
4. the manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, more comprises the following steps: to keep the temperature of this fertilizer aqueous solution, and the temperature of this fertilizer aqueous solution is spent between 80 degree between Celsius 60.
5. a manufacture method for colloidal solid shape fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Mix a water soluble fertilizer and a colloid liquid, form a fertilizer aqueous solution, this colloid liquid comprises a sodium alginate, this sodium alginate is weight percentage 0.5 ~ 34% at the content of this fertilizer aqueous solution, and this water soluble fertilizer is selected from least one in the group that potassium dihydrogen phosphate, epsom salt, manganese sulfate, boric acid, borax, Salzburg vitriol, Zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate, urea, diamines ethylidine four iron acetates and saltpetre forms; And
By this fertilizer aqueous solution join mole concentration be 0.1 mole to calcium nitrate aqueous solution or calcium chloride water between 1 mole, make this fertilizer aqueous solution coagulation forming.
6. the manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, more comprise the following steps: to utilize the mode that splashes into, sprays or inject that this fertilizer aqueous solution is added to calcium nitrate aqueous solution or calcium chloride water, make this fertilizer aqueous solution coagulation forming.
7. the manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, more comprises the following steps: to utilize stirring, ventilation or chemical reaction mode, makes this fertilizer aqueous solution produce bubble.
8. the manufacture method of colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, more comprises the following steps: to keep the temperature of this fertilizer aqueous solution, the centigradetemperature that makes this fertilizer aqueous solution between 25 degree between 50 degree.
9. a colloidal solid shape fertilizer, comprising:
One colloid, has a body and a plurality of hole; And
One water soluble fertilizer, is mixed in the body of this colloid.
10. colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, this colloid is selected from least one in the group that agar, Xanthan gum, shellac, pass China bean gum, natto gum, synthetic glue and PLGA form, and this water soluble fertilizer is selected from least one in the group that potassium dihydrogen phosphate, epsom salt, manganese sulfate, boric acid, borax, Salzburg vitriol, Zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate, urea, diamines ethylidine four iron acetates and saltpetre forms.
11. colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, this colloid comprises sodium alginate, and this water soluble fertilizer is selected from least one in the group that potassium dihydrogen phosphate, epsom salt, manganese sulfate, boric acid, borax, Salzburg vitriol, Zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate, urea, diamines ethylidine four iron acetates, saltpetre, nitrocalcite and calcium chloride forms.
12. colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the fertilizer of this colloidal solid shape be shaped as spherical shape, drops or ellipsoid shape.
13. colloidal solid shape fertilizer according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the diameter length of the fertilizer of this colloidal solid shape is between 0.3 centimeter to 0.5 centimeter.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210320278.8A CN102850123B (en) | 2012-09-03 | 2012-09-03 | Colloidal granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102850123B true CN102850123B (en) | 2014-06-04 |
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| TWI453179B (en) | 2013-02-19 | 2014-09-21 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Pelletized fertilizer and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN103172443A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-06-26 | 华映视讯（吴江）有限公司 | Granular fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN104860772B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-09-29 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | A kind of haydite flower nutrition cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101870625B (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2012-10-24 | 邹立基 | Method for wrapping fertilizer in soil granules and compound fertilizer prepared therefrom |
| CN101948352B (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2013-05-22 | 廖大中 | Method for preparing sustained-release fertilizer |
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