CN104211491A - Compound fertilizer preparation method for improving utilization rate of phosphorus element - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer preparation method for improving utilization rate of phosphorus element Download PDFInfo
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- CN104211491A CN104211491A CN201410301218.0A CN201410301218A CN104211491A CN 104211491 A CN104211491 A CN 104211491A CN 201410301218 A CN201410301218 A CN 201410301218A CN 104211491 A CN104211491 A CN 104211491A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a compound fertilizer preparation method for improving the utilization rate of the phosphorus element. The method comprises the following steps: mixing molten urea or molten ammonium nitrate with a potash fertilizer and a filler to obtain a mixture; carrying out blending chelating on one or a mixture of more of potassium fulvate, ammonium humate and monoammonium phosphate and the mixture; defoaming the above blend-chelated product by a defoaming agent; sending the defoamed product to a high tower mixing tank, and carrying out high tower granulation; processing a composition comprising, by weight, 5 parts of guar gum, 3 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide and 2 parts of potassium polyacrylate to prepare a liquid with 10% of the composition, and uniformly sprinkling the surface of a granulated granular fertilizer with the liquid to wrap the fertilizer. The compound fertilizer adopting potassium fulvate or ammonium humate as an organic matter has the advantages of high content of nutrients, good dissolvability, low water content, reduction of the frequency of contact of phosphate radicals with metal ions, reduction of the curing probability of phosphorus, and improvement of the utilization rate of a phosphate fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, relate in particular to a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio.
Background technology
The use of a large amount of chemical fertilizer makes that hardening soil phenomenon is serious, crop pest general, chemical fertilizer utilization ratio declines year by year, widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area is larger.At present, chemical fertilizer and fertilizer are carried out becoming in conjunction with manufacturing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer the focus that current chemical fertilizer preparation is produced.
The existing method of preparing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer is, utilizes steam humidifying method to reunite or spraying granulation, in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Chemical Mixed Fertilizer doping organic, in prior art, generally select peat, the peat composed of rotten mosses, humic acids, xylogen, weathered coal etc. as organic matter.The defect of the method is that the fertilizer moisture content that uses these organic matters to prepare is large, poorly soluble.
And because phosphate fertilizer is very low in the utilization ratio of this season, low transformation of phosphorus fertilizer utilization ratio, also restricts plant to the absorbing of other elements, and is one of reason affecting chemical fertilizer overall utilization rate.The low deficiency of bringing of utilization ratio that only depends on simple increase Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates to make up phosphate fertilizer, can make again ion how useful in soil be fixed by phosphate fertilizer as the ion of the elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, lose due ionic activity, further aggravate the unbalance of plant nutrient in soil, reduce crop yield, deteriorated crop quality.Meanwhile, because chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is low, for realizing per unit area yield high yield, have to strengthen consumption, result causes environmental pollution, the wasting of resources.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio, can prepare the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that moisture is little, solvability is good, increase the transport property of phosphoric (inorganic phosphorus) in soil in chemical fertilizer, improve phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency, increase crop yield, improve crop quality and environmental protection, energy-conservation.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio, it is characterized in that, and comprise,
Steps A, mixes to obtain mixture by urea melting liquid or ammonium nitrate fused solution with potash fertilizer and weighting agent;
Step B, carries out mixture chelating by any one or a few mixture and described mixture of potassium fulvate, ammonium humate or monoammonium phosphate; Product with defoamer after to described mixture chelating carries out defoaming treatment;
Step C, is sent to the product after described defoaming treatment in high tower tempering tank, to carry out high tower prilling; The composition being made up of guar gum 5 weight parts, non-ionic polyacrylamide 3 weight parts, polyacrylic acid potassium 2 weight parts is made to the granulated fertilizer surface being sprayed at after granulation containing the uniform liquid of described composition 10% to be wrapped up;
Step D, by the material after described granulation dry, screening, cooling process.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts potassium fulvate or ammonium humate as organic matter, its nutrient content is high, solvability good, moisture content is low, except organic matter is provided, also contain potassium, ammonium radical ion; Can play the effect that reduces phosphate radical and metal ion contact frequency, reduce the probability that phosphorus is cured, and create a membranaceous passage for the transmission of phosphorus element in chemical fertilizer, do not changing under the prerequisite of soil permeability, make discrete soil particle form the continuous structure that ion can conduct smoothly, the migration distance of phosphate fertilizer can greatly improve within the scope of same time, greatly increase contacting of phosphoric and crop root, improve the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer, and driven the raising of nitrogen phosphorus potassium overall utilization rate.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, according to mass ratio, described urea or ammonium nitrate: Repone K: potassium fulvate or ammonium humate or monoammonium phosphate 60～63:20～25:10～13.
Further, weighting agent described in steps A, described weighting agent be following one or more: ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ground dolomite.
Further, described potassium fulvate or ammonium humate: defoamer is 85:14:1.
It is a kind of according to Chemical Mixed Fertilizer that described in claim 1 to 4 any one prepared by a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio that the present invention also provides, by mass percentage, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total content are more than or equal to 15%, potassium fulvate or humate content are more than or equal to 5%, and moisture content is less than or equal to 2.5%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the quick-acting of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer prepared by this kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio has again long-lasting, improvement soil, the multi-functional environment-protection of organic fertilizer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, principle of the present invention and feature are described, technique of the present invention can be produced the product of nutrient total content 20～48%, N:16～40%, P (P
2o
5): 0～15%, K (K
2o): 0～25%, organic matter: 10～34%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic nutrient content can be matched in above-mentioned scope, and example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
A kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio of the present invention, comprises,
Step 1, mixes to obtain mixture by urea melting liquid or ammonium nitrate fused solution with potash fertilizer and weighting agent;
Step 2, carries out mixture chelating by any one or a few mixture and described mixture of potassium fulvate, ammonium humate or monoammonium phosphate; Product with defoamer after to described mixture chelating carries out defoaming treatment;
Step 3, is sent to the product after described defoaming treatment in high tower tempering tank, to carry out high tower prilling; The composition being made up of guar gum 5 weight parts, non-ionic polyacrylamide 3 weight parts, polyacrylic acid potassium 2 weight parts is made to the granulated fertilizer surface being sprayed at after granulation containing the uniform liquid of described composition 10% to be wrapped up;
Step 4, by the material after described granulation dry, screening, cooling process.
The inventive method adopts potassium fulvate or ammonium humate as organic matter, and its nutrient content is high, solvability good, moisture content is low, except organic matter is provided, also contain potassium, ammonium radical ion.
Defoamer can be lipid and fatty compounds, can be also the compound of other their defoaming functions, and the middle defoamer of giving an example is N.N-double hydroxyethyl laurylamide.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
Compound fertilizer product specification: according to mass percent, N:P
2o5:K
2o=30:5:5, total nutrient>=40%, organic>=15%, moisture≤1.0%.Nutrient refers to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter refers to potassium fulvate or ammonium humate.
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, potassium fulvate, weighting agent are mentioned in high top of tower feed bin with elevator respectively; through metering, urea is sent in fusion tank; be heated in tempering tank with through monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, potassium fulvate, the weighting material of metering, carry out mixture chelating by overflow after 130 DEG C～170 DEG C; evenly, enter tablets press and carry out sprinkling pelleting; after cooling screening; qualified particle is carried out to surface treatment, and then packaging is dispatched from the factory.
Table 1. raw material and subsidiary material scale:
Embodiment 2:
Compound fertilizer product specification: according to mass percent, N:P
2o5:K
2o=20:4:16, total nutrient>=40%, organic>=19%, moisture≤1.0%.
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, potassium fulvate, weighting agent are mentioned in high top of tower feed bin with elevator respectively; through metering, urea is sent in fusion tank; be heated in tempering tank with through monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, potassium fulvate, the weighting material of metering, carry out mixture chelating by overflow after 130 DEG C～170 DEG C; evenly, enter tablets press and carry out sprinkling pelleting; after cooling screening; qualified particle is carried out to surface treatment, and then packaging is dispatched from the factory.
Table 2. raw material and subsidiary material scale:
Embodiment 3:
Compound fertilizer product specification: according to mass percent, N:P
2o5:K
2o=26:0:9, total nutrient>=35%, organic>=20%, moisture≤2.0%.
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, potassium fulvate, weighting agent are mentioned in high top of tower feed bin with elevator respectively; through metering, urea is sent in fusion tank; be heated in tempering tank with through Repone K, potassium fulvate, the weighting material of metering, carry out mixture chelating by overflow after 130 DEG C～170 DEG C; evenly, enter tablets press and carry out sprinkling pelleting; after cooling screening; qualified particle is carried out to surface treatment, and then packaging is dispatched from the factory.
Table 3. raw material and subsidiary material scale:
Embodiment 4:
Compound fertilizer product specification: according to mass percent, N:P
2o5:K
2o=24:0:4, total nutrient>=28%, organic>=17%, moisture≤1.0%.
Urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, potassium fulvate, weighting agent are mentioned in high top of tower feed bin with elevator respectively; through metering, urea is sent in fusion tank; be heated in tempering tank with through Repone K, ammonium humate, the weighting material of metering, carry out mixture chelating by overflow after 130 DEG C～170 DEG C; evenly, enter tablets press and carry out sprinkling pelleting; after cooling screening; qualified particle is carried out to surface treatment, and then packaging is dispatched from the factory.
Table 4. raw material and subsidiary material scale:
The advantage of this compound fertilizer product: 1. balanced nutritious 2. rapid long-acting 3. improve soil 4. high yield and high quality 5. disease-resistant drought resisting 6. reduce and pollute 7. efficient energy-saving etc.
Products characteristics: 1. 2. 5. 4. quick-acting complete molten 3. two-sided porous be difficult for hardening that 6. the lower 7. intensity of moisture is more high for smooth surface for high nitrogen, high potassium.
Embodiment 4 carries out a day sword experiment: experimental field: Yongnian County of Hebei province
2008-2009 years winter wheat
Model field: 12.5 kgs/acre of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers prepared by a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio, topdress and execute 12.5 kgs/acre, identical fertilizer.
Contrast field: do not make through the composition being formed by guar gum 5 weight parts, non-ionic polyacrylamide 3 weight parts, polyacrylic acid potassium 2 weight parts the granulated fertilizer surface being sprayed at after granulation containing the uniform liquid of described composition 10% in a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio of base fertilizer and wrap up 80 kgs/acre of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers, 100 kgs/acre, phosphate fertilizer prepared by step, topdress and execute 15 kgs/acre, urea.
Table 5. contrasts output investigation result
Above-mentioned data can be found out, the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer that uses the embodiment of the present invention 4 to prepare, and model field fertilizer amount reduces 87.1% than contrast field, and produce in model field yield increased field has increased by 118.9 kilograms, stimulation ratio 34.1%.Greatly increase contacting of phosphoric and crop root, improved the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer, and drive the raising of nitrogen phosphorus potassium overall utilization rate.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio, is characterized in that, comprises,
Steps A, mixes to obtain mixture by urea melting liquid or ammonium nitrate fused solution with potash fertilizer and weighting agent;
Step B, carries out mixture chelating by any one or a few mixture and described mixture of potassium fulvate, ammonium humate or monoammonium phosphate; Product with defoamer after to described mixture chelating carries out defoaming treatment;
Step C, is sent to the product after described defoaming treatment in high tower tempering tank, to carry out high tower prilling; The composition being made up of guar gum 5 weight parts, non-ionic polyacrylamide 3 weight parts, polyacrylic acid potassium 2 weight parts is made to the granulated fertilizer surface being sprayed at after granulation containing the uniform liquid of described composition 10% to be wrapped up;
Step D, by the material after described granulation dry, screening, cooling process.
2. a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to mass ratio, and described urea or ammonium nitrate: Repone K: potassium fulvate or ammonium humate or monoammonium phosphate 60～63:20～25:10～13.
3. a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, weighting agent described in steps A, described weighting agent be following one or more: ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ground dolomite.
4. a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that potassium fulvate or ammonium humate: defoamer is 85:14:1.
5. one kind according to Chemical Mixed Fertilizer that described in claim 1 to 4 any one prepared by a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method who improves phosphoric utilization ratio, it is characterized in that, by mass percentage, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total content are more than or equal to 15%, potassium fulvate or humate content are more than or equal to 5%, and moisture content is less than or equal to 2.5%.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN104449756A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-25 | 北京市农林科学院 | Water-soluble soil salinization improver and preparation method and application of improver |
| CN107417370A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-01 | 河北中仁化肥有限公司 | A kind of high tower fulvic acid ureaformaldehyde composite fertilizer preparation technology |
| CN109206252A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-15 | 四川金象赛瑞化工股份有限公司 | A kind of nitro humus acid urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111517857A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 刘会英 | High-tower continuous cropping-preventing urea-based fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107417370A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-01 | 河北中仁化肥有限公司 | A kind of high tower fulvic acid ureaformaldehyde composite fertilizer preparation technology |
| CN109206252A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-15 | 四川金象赛瑞化工股份有限公司 | A kind of nitro humus acid urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111517857A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-11 | 刘会英 | High-tower continuous cropping-preventing urea-based fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141217 |