CN102987524A - Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method - Google Patents
Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102987524A CN102987524A CN2012105188874A CN201210518887A CN102987524A CN 102987524 A CN102987524 A CN 102987524A CN 2012105188874 A CN2012105188874 A CN 2012105188874A CN 201210518887 A CN201210518887 A CN 201210518887A CN 102987524 A CN102987524 A CN 102987524A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23L3/44—Freeze-drying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B7/024—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication or lyophilisation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/005—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating using irradiation or electric treatment
- A23L3/01—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating using irradiation or electric treatment using microwaves or dielectric heating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23L3/54—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution using irradiation or electrical treatment, e.g. ultrasonic waves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/048—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum in combination with heat developed by electro-magnetic means, e.g. microwave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
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- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and a homogenization efficient processing method, belonging to the field of agricultural product dehydration and drying machinery. The device is composed of a feed valve, a baffle valve, a microwave hating cavity, microwave sources, a water load, a vacuum drying pipe, a gas distributor, a gas flow regulator, a gas-solid separator, an unloader, a water catcher, a refrigerator, a vacuum storage tank, a vacuum pump, a control panel and a water circulation device, wherein the vacuum drying pipe is a channel for material drying and flowing; the microwave sources are uniformly distributed around the microwave heating cavity; the vacuum drying pipe is mounted in the microwave heating cavity; the gas-solid separator is connected with a vacuum drying pipe outlet in the microwave heating cavity and connected with the water catcher through a pipeline; the gas distributor is mounted at the lower part of the vacuum drying pipe and connected with the gas flow regulator through a pipeline; and the gas flow is regulated through the control panel. The device disclosed by the invention realizes spouting and rotation of materials under microwave freeze-drying conditions, achieves the aim of efficiently and uniformly drying materials, shortens the freeze-drying period by about 50% and reduces the cost of large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of a kind of pulse for the graininess conditioning food and homogenising high-efficiency machining method, be applicable to chemical industry, agricultural, food service industry granule materials negative-pressure microwave uniform spraying drying, belong to agricultural product dewatering processing and drying machinery equipment field.
Background technology
Current conventional material particularly fruits and vegetables freeze drying technology and equipment is relatively ripe.Utilizing the auxiliary freeze-drying process technology of microwave and equipment is an important directions that promotes traditional fruits and vegetables ' dehydration processing industry.The general thinking of present material high-efficiency drying study mainly concentrates on inner heat sources such as adopting microwave, far infrared, high frequency and carries out combined drying, realizes the shortening of freeze-drying process, reaches efficient, energy-conservation purpose.But the heating non-uniform phenomenon (cold and hot some phenomenon) efficient, that there is highly significant in the most significant microwave freeze-dry of power conservation feature, thereby cause its drying quality obviously descend (overheated coking and cross cold not dried), the finished product uniformity only is 50%-60%, and the cost of again processing significantly improves.Simultaneously, there are three a large outstanding difficult problem and demands in the outlet freeze-drying processing of farm products industry of China: (1) agricultural product freeze-drying exists that energy consumption is large, drying time long, a high in cost of production difficult problem, and the highly effective drying technology is had tight demand.Though tradition freeze-drying technology and equipment can keep sense organ and the nutritional quality of dehydrated vegetables product to greatest extent, long processing time, production cost height, and the high defective of energy consumption is arranged, this has become the bottleneck of restriction agricultural product freeze-drying industry development.(2) the efficient freeze-drying of agricultural product exists that lack of homogeneity, yield rate are low, the product integrated quality becomes the difficult problems such as bad aggravation, and efficient evenly dry technology is had tight demand.Single microwave freeze-dry, although microwave penetration is strong, but because the characteristics such as wedge angle centrality of the selective and microwave of its heating, the heat energy that different heating object each several parts are produced may produce larger difference, simultaneously, there is the low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon in the microwave freeze-dry process, is restricted thereby it is used in suitability for industrialized production.(3) the comprehensive competitive advantage of conventional freeze dryed product outlet is descending, the international market to high-quality, the freeze-drying vegetables and fruits have tight demand cheaply.And the present invention reaches more than 98% the primary drying finished product uniformity by spouted even, the fast dewatering of realizing under the material high-efficiency freeze-drying of the pulse under the high vacuum condition, realizes real quick, low-cost even dry.
Open Min, Sun Jincai, the big strong grade of face (number of patent application 200910213559.1) discloses a kind of segmentation method that improves the spouted dried particles shape of microwave fruits and vegetables uniform expansion effect.Adopt different intakes at different drying stages, it is spouted predrying namely to be initially hot blast, and the method that following adopted air-flow and microwave combine is dry.By controlling the motion conditions of dry fruit-vegetable granules in airflow field and Microwave Hybrid field, to reach the expansion effect that improves the granular garden stuff particle.But the difference of this patent is to realize spouted, the rotation of material under high vacuum condition, by adjusting spouted cycle of pulse, the spouted effect of gas flow adjustment material, realize the uniformity of material microwave freeze-dry, because spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, far above the spouted dry products of normal pressure microwave.
Min, Sun Jincai, Zhong Qifeng, face big strong etc. (number of patent application 200810244418.1) disclose the sprouted auxiliary means that improves microwave desiccation homogeneity of granular garden stuff, adopt two class airflow fields to carry out the spouted drying of microwave, water content is all below 6% behind the product drying.But the difference of this patent is to realize spouted, the rotation of material under vacuum condition, by adjusting spouted cycle of pulse, the spouted effect of gas flow adjustment material.Because spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, and therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, and water content is controlled at below 5% behind the product drying.
Wang Yuchuan, popular honor, Zheng Xiaowei (granted patent ZL 03249124.7) disclose the microwave freeze-drying equipment that is used for food production.This equipment is made of warehouse, water vessel, microwave magnetron, crane, supporting plate and material tray.Into and out of crane and the cuboid vacuum tank that carries out large-scale production, its front is door to warehouse for suitable.Provide the microwave magnetron of evaporation thermal source to arrange respectively end face and the both sides that are installed in warehouse, two water vessels are fixed on the bottom of warehouse side by side in the mode of alternation and continuous cooling, the end face of warehouse and the upper surface of water vessel are fixed with respectively guide rail and slide rail, and arranged on both sides has the crane of supporting plate and material tray to be slidingly connected between guide rail and the slide rail.But this invention fails to realize the motion of material material in freeze-drying process, has the non-uniform heat flux phenomenon.This patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, make product in dry run, obtain even heating using microwave, the spatial movement of the spouted realization material of pulse material in freeze-drying process improves non-uniform heat flux phenomenon in the microwave freeze-dry process.Because spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, and therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical.
Cong Fanzi (number of applying for a patent CN 200610010411.4) discloses and can be used for the microwave vacuum freeze-drying device that food and medicine is produced, in this invention desorption phase, heating using microwave, shelf silicone oil heating are combined, the drying quality that is heated to be product with shelf silicone oil is done last the guarantee, can not produce the phenomenon that microwave is crossed the heat affecting product quality.But this invention fails to realize the motion of material material in freeze-drying process, has the non-uniform heat flux phenomenon, and drying time is longer than the single microwave freeze-dry time in addition.This patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, make product in drying tube, obtain even heating using microwave, the spatial movement of the spouted realization material of pulse material in freeze-drying process improves non-uniform heat flux phenomenon in the microwave freeze-dry process.Because spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, adds heating using microwave without thermal inertia again, collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, and heat the mode weak point that combines than heating using microwave, shelf silicone oil drying time.
Min, Duan Xu, Fan Liuping (granted patent ZL 200610088075.5) disclose a kind of method that shortens the microwave freezing drying of fruit or vegetable powder time.By to the pulpous state fruits and vegetables before the quick-frozen, implant the nanometer titanium oxide ceramic of high-dielectric coefficient, and add higher amino acid, sugar or the salt of dielectric constant, improve the dielectric core of pulpous state fruits and vegetables, shorten microwave vacuum freeze arid cycle.This patent has changed the composition of pulpous state fruits and vegetables, and raw material only limits to pulpous state fruits and vegetables mixture microwave freeze-dry, and this patent is not mentioned the microwave freeze-dry uniformity in addition.But the difference of this patent is to realize spouted, the rotation of material under vacuum condition, do not change the composition of material, adjust the spouted effect of material different drying stages in freeze-drying process by adjusting spouted cycle, the gas flow of pulse, realize that the material microwave freeze-dry is even.
Open Min, Wang Yuchuan (granted patent ZL 201010572843.0) and disclose the even spouted drying device of a kind of negative-pressure microwave and application.The described equipment of this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, and drying chamber is duct type, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in dry run, and vacuum system adopts water circulating type vacuum pump.By adjusting continuously spouted, the rotation, mobile under vacuum state of vacuum in the drying tube, air velocity realization material, improve non-uniform heat flux phenomenon in the static or rotating disc type during microwave-vacuum drying of traditional product, be applicable to the micro-wave vacuum of granule materials.Vaccum storage tank vacuum only is 4-5kPa; But this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, make product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process, vacuum system adopts the low temperature water vessel and obtains the oil sealing vacuum pump of high vacuum.The vacuum pressure fluctuation range is 80-1500Pa.The spatial movement of the spouted realization material of pulse material in freeze-drying process, realize that by spouted cycle of adjustment pulse, gas flow material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously because the spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, the product quality of its product quality and common freeze-drying is basically identical.
The Japanese plum monarch; Cao Youfu; YangBing Nan etc. (number of applying for a patent 201010101353.6) disclose a kind of microwave vacuum freeze-drying device, described patent microwave vacuum freeze drying device comprises microwave cavity and vacuum storehouse, described vacuum storehouse part is arranged in the described microwave cavity, micro-wave screening and vacuum-packed dual-use function can be realized in described vacuum storehouse, to guarantee the lyophilisation condition of microwave vacuum freeze drying.This patent adopts the conventional disc pattern, fails to realize that material moves in dry run.But this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, is operated in atmospheric pressure state, has stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, and drying chamber is duct type, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process.The spatial movement of the spouted realization material of pulse material in freeze-drying process, realize that by spouted cycle of adjustment pulse, gas flow material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously because the spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical.
Scott Wennerstrum, Chicago, Ill (U.S. Patent number 4856203, date 1989) discloses a kind of microwave vacuum drying device for medical pulvis.Drying chamber that this equipment is joined is vertically placed, and microwave source is installed in drying chamber top, and agitator is installed in the drying chamber bottom.Although this patent material rotates in dry run, is not spatial movement, and microwave source fails evenly to distribute, and still has the microwave drying non-uniform phenomenon.This patent can only be applied to the micro-wave vacuum of granular material in addition, and granule materials causes fragmentation owing to stir squeezing action, more can not be applied to the freeze-drying process of material.This patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, microwave source evenly distributes along microwave heating chamber, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process.The spatial movement of the spouted realization material of material pulse in dry run material in freeze-drying process, by adjusting the spouted cycle of pulse, gas flow realizes that material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously because the spouted time of material short (2s), the spouted distance of material is little, and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover add heating using microwave without thermal inertia, collapse phenomenon and Fragmentation Phenomena do not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, far above the micro-wave vacuum product.
Wang, W.; Chen, G.H.; Gao, F.R. (Drying Technology 2005,23 (1), 317 – 340) studied a kind of method that improves skimmed milk microwave freeze-dry rate of drying, this research adds high fissipation factor silicon carbide rod the dielectric loss factor that is used for improving skimmed milk in the skimmed milk, experimental result shows: the method is compared with conventional microwave freeze-dry can shorten little drying time 32%, compares with common freeze-drying and can shorten drying time 58%.But the uniformity of microwave freeze-dry is not mentioned in this research, and the method is only suitable for liquid form product.But the difference of this patent is to realize spouted, the rotation of material under vacuum condition, do not change the composition of material, adjust material different dry spouted effects of doing the stage in freeze-drying process by adjusting spouted cycle, the gas flow of pulse, realize that the material microwave freeze-dry is even.
Hao Jiang ﹠amp; Min Zhang ﹠amp; (Food Bioprocess Technol, DOI .1007/s, 11947-012-0801-1) such as Arun S. Mujumdar carried out Temperature Distribution and the microstructure study of the microwave freeze-dry of banana chip.This research institute is with being equipped for traditional type microwave freeze-dry equipment, microwave heating chamber and drying chamber one, the concentrated distribution of microwave source, product employing tray drying.Research points out that disc type microwave freeze-dry banana chip exists and has the inhomogeneities phenomenon in the dry run, occurs cold and hot regionally, and microwave freeze-dry banana chip micro-structural is close with common freeze-drying.This research is failed to propose the microwave freeze-dry uniformity and is improved technical scheme.But this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, microwave source evenly distributes along microwave heating chamber, drying chamber is duct type, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process.The spatial movement of the spouted realization material of pulse material in freeze-drying process, realize that by spouted cycle of adjustment pulse, gas flow material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously because the spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical.
In a word, the spouted microwave freeze-dry method and apparatus of pulse has no report at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provide a kind of under the spouted subsidiary conditions of pulse, realize the material microwave freeze-dry efficient, evenly, low-cost drying, keep even improved microwave freeze-dry method and the device of material conventional freeze dry product matter.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of a kind of pulse for the graininess conditioning food, comprise: inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2 also comprise heating using microwave cavity 3, microwave source 4, water load pipe 5, vacuum drying pipe 6, gas distributor 7, the gas flow adjuster 8 with source nitrogen, gas-solid separator 9, discharger 10, water vessel 11, refrigeration machine 12, vaccum storage tank 13, vavuum pump 14, control panel 15, water circle device 16.Inlet valve 1 is positioned at flapper valve 2 tops, flapper valve 2 is positioned at heating using microwave cavity 3 tops, flapper valve is processed into orifice plate, prevent that particle runs off in the dry run, flapper valve 2 is connected with 6 imports of vacuum drying pipe by pipeline, heating using microwave cavity 3 is cylindrical containers, and heating using microwave cavity two ends seal with end socket; Microwave source 4 is uniformly distributed in heating using microwave cavity 3 four direction all around, and evenly is alternately distributed by length direction, and each direction distribution microwave source quantity is 2-10; Water load pipe 5 is PP material pipe, is installed in the heating using microwave cavity 3, and is parallel with vacuum drying pipe 6, and is connected with water circle device 16.Vacuum drying pipe 6 is vertically mounted in the heating using microwave cavity 3, and vacuum drying pipe 6 is dry materials and mobile passage; Gas distributor 7 is positioned at vacuum drying pipe 6 bottoms, and gas distributor 7 is connected with gas flow adjuster 8 with source nitrogen by pipeline; Gas-solid separator 9 is positioned at heating using microwave cavity right part, links to each other with 6 outlets of vacuum drying pipe by pipeline, and gas-solid separator 9 the right connect water vessel 11, and gas-solid separator 9 bottoms connect discharger 10; Refrigeration machine 12 and vaccum storage tank 13 are connected with water vessel 11 by pipeline; Vavuum pump 14 is connected with vaccum storage tank 13 by pipeline;
Vacuum pressure and fluctuation range, microwave power, pulse spouted gas flow and the setting in spouted cycle and the automatically adjusting of control panel 15 these devices of control in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse.
Microwave power follow the tracks of to be regulated by control panel 15 Automatic continuous according to material design temperature curve, and error is controlled at ± and 1 ℃.
Material is divided equally at heating using microwave cavity 3 periphery peripheries in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse and is provided with four observation windows, can observe the variable condition in the heating using microwave cavity 3.
Water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse.
The vacuum pressure fluctuation range is 80-1500Pa in the vacuum drying pipe.
Described device is used for the method for the spouted microwave homogenising of graininess conditioning food pulse freeze-drying, it is characterized in that material enters vacuum drying pipe 6 by inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2, and flapper valve is processed into orifice plate, prevents that particle runs off in the dry run; Vacuum drying pipe 6 is dry materials and mobile passage; Heating using microwave cavity 3 is cylindrical containers, and microwave source 4 evenly distributes around it, and vacuum drying pipe 6 is installed in the heating using microwave cavity 3, and heating using microwave cavity 3 two ends seal with end socket; Water load pipe 5 is PP material pipe, is installed in the heating using microwave cavity 3, and is parallel with vacuum drying pipe 6, and water load pipe 5 is connected with water circle device 16, and water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe; Gas-solid separator 9 connects 3 interior vacuum drying pipe 6 outlets of heating using microwave cavity, and is connected with water vessel 10 by pipeline; Gas distributor 7 is installed in vacuum drying pipe 6 bottoms, and be connected with gas flow adjuster 8 with source nitrogen by pipeline, vacuum pressure and fluctuation range, microwave power, gas flow and the spouted cycle of graininess conditioning food in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse all regulated by control panel 15; Because it is spouted that material can be realized under vacuum state, adopt this device to realize spouted under the microwave freeze-dry condition, the rotation of material, reach material high-efficiency, even dry purpose.
Material particles is in the spouted mode of pulse under the microwave freeze-dry condition: material particles spouted drying of pulse in the vacuum drying pipe is subject to each power effect of the following stated: 1, pulse gas (nitrogen) produces motive force upwards to material in the vacuum drying pipe; 2, material particles and pipeline friction produce the frictional force that material particles rotates; 3, produce friction because size difference, proportion are different between the material particles, produce the frictional force that material rotates; 4, material particles produces corresponding extruding force each other because instantaneous inside and outside differential pressure changes different contractility and the material particles of generation.Under the effect of above-mentioned each power, material except moving up, simultaneously, rotates again in vertical vacuum drying pipe, thereby brings the material particles cyclically-varying that distributes in the locus.Material reduces gradually at dry initial stage, mid-term, later stage moisture content, and the present invention is by automatically adjusting spouted cycle and the gas flow of pulse, reaches maximum position and obtains equal locus probability during making the spouted freeze-drying of material pulse.Simultaneously, pulse spouted during heating using microwave stop synchronously because heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, be different from traditional electricity, oil, Steam Heating mode (having thermal inertia), do not affect the temperature of material particles, can not cause that material subsides in the freeze-drying process, affect drying quality.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, uniform drying: because material in the microwave freeze-dry process, presents periodically spouted, rotation status, realize that material is evenly dry, the finished product uniformity reaches more than 98%, need not again to process.Avoided the traditional microwave drying to have the heating non-uniform phenomenon (cold and hot some phenomenon) of highly significant, its drying quality descends (overheated coking and excessively cold not dried), and the cost of again processing significantly improves.
2, efficient is high, cost is low: because material particles in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse, obtains equal microwave power probability, to compare the material particles rate of drying fast with the freeze-drying of conventional disc type micro-wave, and drying efficiency height, cost are low.
3, investment is little, easy to operate: because material spouted and continuous drying of periodicity in the vacuum drying pipe, and pipeline adopts, and anti-heating using microwave, microwave absorbability are low, high temperature resistant, low temperature, polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material that coefficient of friction is low are made, save the huge dry cavity of tradition, so invest littlely, use easy to operate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention block diagram.1, inlet valve, 2, flapper valve, 3, the heating using microwave cavity, 4, microwave source, 5, the water load pipe, 6, the vacuum drying pipe, 7, gas distributor, 8, with the gas flow adjuster of source nitrogen, 9, gas-solid separator, 10, discharger, 11, water vessel, 12, refrigeration machine, 13, vaccum storage tank, 14, vavuum pump, 15, control panel, 16, water circle device.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mode and device for the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of graininess conditioning food material pulse, comprise: inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2 also comprise heating using microwave cavity 3, microwave source 4, water load pipe 5, vacuum drying pipe 6, gas distributor 7, gas flow adjuster 8, gas-solid separator 9, discharger 10, water vessel 11, refrigeration machine 12, vaccum storage tank 13, vavuum pump 14, control panel 15 and water circle device 16.Inlet valve 1 is the entrance that granule materials enters the vacuum drying pipe, and has a vacuum seal effect, flapper valve 2 is to stop material to enter gas-solid separator 9, it simultaneously is again the passage of steam and Air Flow in the dry run, vacuum drying pipe 6 is installed in the heating using microwave cavity 3, granule materials carries out spouted and dry in pipe, material particles spouting height and fluctuation vacuum scope are by gas distributor 7 and gas flow regulating valve 8 controls, the steam that material particles produces in the dry run congeals into ice at water vessel 11 through gas-solid separator 9, the water vessel temperature is by refrigeration machine 12 controls, vacuum pressure is kept by vaccum storage tank 13 in the vacuum drying pipe, and vaccum storage tank links to each other with oil-sealed vacuum pump 14.After the dry end of granule materials, open flapper valve, adjust gas flow regulating valve, material particles enters gas-solid separator from the vacuum drying pipe, then enters discharger 10.
The present invention adopts the spouted mode of pulse to realize spouted in pipe, the rotation of material, changed conventional disc type micro-wave freeze-drying mode, increase heat exchange area, material surface moisture disengagement area in the dry materials process, have uniform drying, efficient height, small investment, the low advantage of cost.
Embodiment 1, the spouted microwave freeze-dry method of carrot grain pulse
Fresh carrot is cleaned up, be cut into the cube of 5mm-10mm, at 96-98 ℃ of blanching 2-3 minute, the powdered glucose of pulling rear adding 1% out mixed static 20 minutes, sloughed surface attachment moisture with centrifuge and prepared stand-by.Open the fluid bed instant freezer when temperature reaches-40 ℃, pretreated daucus carrot particles is placed on carries out quick-frozen above the fluid bed, freeze-off time 1 hour, it is stand-by then to put into-35 ℃ of freezers.Open the spouted microwave freeze-dry equipment of this device pulse refrigeration machine 12, after water vessel 11 temperature reach-40 ℃, with gas distributor 7 from the vacuum drying pipe 6 lower curtates vacuum drying pipe of packing into, open inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2, daucus carrot particles after will freezing takes out in freezer, put into the vacuum drying pipe, close inlet valve, open vavuum pump 14, when vacuum basin 13 and vacuum drying overpressure reach 100Pa, open successively microwave source 4, water circle device 16 and gas flow regulating valve 8, microwave power is adjusted automatically according to the granule materials temperature of setting, the granule materials temperature in dry run every 1 minute the record temperature value, maximum temperature is 55 ℃, and the spouted cycle of pulse is set according to the preliminary experiment data, and control panel 15 is adjusted gas flow regulating valve automatically according to setup parameter, vacuum pressure fluctuation range 100-1500Pa, recovery time 40s.After setting end drying time, open flapper valve, material enters gas-solid separator 9, discharges from discharger 10 at last.
Embodiment 2, the spouted microwave freeze-dry method of lettuce stem particle pulse
The lettuce stem is cleaned up, be cut into the cylinder of diameter 12mm, thickness 5mm, be placed in the tetrafluoroethene dish, adopt microwave blanching (anhydrous), lettuce granule interior temperature reaches 100 ℃ in the 2min, keeps 1min, with the cold wind cooling, until the surface is without adhesive water.Open the fluid bed instant freezer when temperature reaches-40 ℃, the lettuce particle of microwave blanching is placed on carries out quick-frozen above the fluid bed, freeze-off time 1 hour, it is stand-by then to put into-35 ℃ of freezers.Open the spouted microwave freeze-dry equipment of this device pulse refrigeration machine 12, after water vessel 11 temperature reach-40 ℃, with gas distributor 7 from the vacuum drying pipe 6 lower curtates vacuum drying pipe of packing into, open inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2, lettuce particle after will freezing takes out in freezer, put into the vacuum drying pipe, close inlet valve, open vavuum pump 14, when vacuum basin 13 and vacuum drying overpressure reach 80Pa, open successively microwave source 4, water circle device 16 and gas flow regulating valve 8, microwave power is adjusted automatically according to the design temperature parameter, the lettuce particle temperature in dry run every 1 minute the record temperature value, maximum temperature is 50 ℃, and the spouted cycle of pulse is set according to the preliminary experiment data, and control panel 15 is adjusted gas flow regulating valve automatically according to setup parameter, vacuum pressure fluctuation range 80-1200Pa, recovery time 30s.After setting end drying time, open flapper valve, material enters gas-solid separator 9, discharges from discharger 10 at last.
Claims (8)
1. spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse that is used for the graininess conditioning food, it is characterized in that this device by inlet valve (1), flapper valve (2), heating using microwave cavity (3), microwave source (4), water load pipe (5), vacuum drying pipe (6), gas distributor (7), consist of with the gas flow adjuster (8) of source nitrogen, gas-solid separator (9), discharger (10), water vessel (11), refrigeration machine (12), vaccum storage tank (13), vavuum pump (14), control panel (15) and water circle device (16);
Inlet valve (1) is positioned at flapper valve (2) top, and flapper valve (2) is positioned at heating using microwave cavity (3) top, and flapper valve (2) is processed into orifice plate, prevents that particle runs off in the dry run;
Flapper valve (2) is connected with vacuum drying pipe (6) import by pipeline;
Heating using microwave cavity (3) is cylindrical container, and heating using microwave cavity (3) two ends seal with end socket;
Microwave source (4) is uniformly distributed in heating using microwave cavity (3) four direction all around, and evenly is alternately distributed by length direction, and each direction distribution microwave source quantity is 2-10;
Water load pipe (5) is PP material pipe, is installed in the heating using microwave cavity (3), and is parallel with vacuum drying pipe (6), and water load pipe (5) is connected with water circle device (16);
Vacuum drying pipe (6) is vertically mounted in the heating using microwave cavity (3), and vacuum drying pipe (6) is dry materials and mobile passage;
Gas distributor (7) is positioned at vacuum drying pipe (6) bottom, and gas distributor (7) is connected with gas flow adjuster (8) with source nitrogen by pipeline;
Gas-solid separator (9) is positioned at heating using microwave cavity (3) right part, gas-solid separator (9) links to each other with vacuum drying pipe (6) outlet by pipeline, gas-solid separator (9) the right connects water vessel (11), and gas-solid separator (9) bottom connects discharger (10); Refrigeration machine (12) and vaccum storage tank (13) are connected with water vessel (11) by pipeline; Vavuum pump (14) is connected with vaccum storage tank (13) by pipeline;
Control panel (15) is controlled vacuum pressure and fluctuation range, microwave power, pulse spouted gas flow and the setting in spouted cycle and the automatically adjusting of this device in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse.
2. the device of the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of pulse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: vacuum drying pipe (6) vertical direction number of permutations in the heating using microwave cavity is 3-10 row.
3. the device of the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of pulse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: vacuum drying pipe (6) bore is 32-100mm, and pipe material adopts that anti-microwave absorbability is low, high temperature resistant, low temperature, food-grade polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material that coefficient of friction is low are made.
4. the device of the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of pulse according to claim 1 is characterized in that microwave power is followed the tracks of by control panel (15) Automatic continuous according to material design temperature curve to regulate, error is controlled at ± and 1 ℃.
5. the device of the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of pulse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: material is divided equally at heating using microwave cavity (3) periphery periphery in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse and is provided with four observation windows, can observe the variable condition in the heating using microwave cavity (3).
6. the device of the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of pulse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse.
7. the device of the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of pulse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vacuum pressure fluctuation range is 80-1500Pa in the vacuum drying pipe.
8. the described device of claim 1 is used for the method for the spouted microwave homogenising of graininess conditioning food pulse freeze-drying, it is characterized in that material passes through inlet valve (1) and flapper valve (2) enters vacuum drying pipe (6), flapper valve is processed into orifice plate, prevents that particle runs off in the dry run; Vacuum drying pipe (6) is dry materials and mobile passage; Heating using microwave cavity (3) is cylindrical container, and microwave source (4) evenly distributes around it, and vacuum drying pipe (6) is installed in the heating using microwave cavity (3), and heating using microwave cavity (3) two ends seal with end socket; Water load pipe (5) is PP material pipe, be installed in the heating using microwave cavity (3), parallel with vacuum drying pipe (6), water load pipe (5) is connected with water circle device (16), and water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe; Gas-solid separator (9) connects heating using microwave cavity (3) interior vacuum drying pipes (6) outlet, and is connected with water vessel (10) by pipeline; Gas distributor (7) is installed in vacuum drying pipe (6) bottom, and be connected with gas flow adjuster (8) with source nitrogen by pipeline, vacuum pressure and fluctuation range, microwave power, gas flow and the spouted cycle of graininess conditioning food in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse all regulated by control panel (15); Because it is spouted that material can be realized under vacuum state, adopt this device to realize spouted under the microwave freeze-dry condition, the rotation of material, reach material high-efficiency, even dry purpose.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105188874A CN102987524B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method |
| DE202013100018U DE202013100018U1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-01-03 | A device for microwave freeze drying the granular cooked food by means of the pulse jet layer |
| KR1020130110430A KR101514787B1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-09-13 | A device of pulse-spouted microwave-Freeze Drying for granulated prepared foods and its high-efficient uniform processing method |
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| CN2012105188874A CN102987524B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method |
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| CN102987524A true CN102987524A (en) | 2013-03-27 |
| CN102987524B CN102987524B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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| CN2012105188874A Active CN102987524B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method |
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| Country | Link |
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| KR (1) | KR101514787B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102987524B (en) |
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| CN103238887A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-08-14 | 广东嘉豪食品股份有限公司 | Method for making instant chicken sauce slices through microwave spouted freeze-drying |
| CN103884155A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-cavity continuous-microwave vacuum spray drying device |
| CN104896877A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-09 | 江南大学 | Ultrasonic atomizing and pulse microwave vacuum drying device for liquid material and drying method |
| CN104983036A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-21 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Variable-pressure cooling far-infrared dehydration and bacteria reduction device and method |
| CN108497526A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-07 | 江南大学 | For normal pressure ultrasonic atomizatio-spouted drying device of low frequency microwave pulse of conditioning fruit-vegetable and its application |
| CN108576790A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-09-28 | 江南大学 | A method of the dehydration of conditioning Cordyceps militaris and its quality-improving |
| CN108895767A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-27 | 江南大学 | A kind of underbalance pulse collaboration normal-pressure radio-frequency spouted bed drying device and its application |
| CN111528390A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-14 | 江南大学 | Efficient and energy-saving method for improving berry freeze-drying through cooperation of laser pretreatment and microwave spouted |
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| CN109221879B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-02-15 | 广东嘉豪食品有限公司 | Low-horseradish wasabi formula with stable flavor and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103238887A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-08-14 | 广东嘉豪食品股份有限公司 | Method for making instant chicken sauce slices through microwave spouted freeze-drying |
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| CN108576790A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-09-28 | 江南大学 | A method of the dehydration of conditioning Cordyceps militaris and its quality-improving |
| CN108497526A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-07 | 江南大学 | For normal pressure ultrasonic atomizatio-spouted drying device of low frequency microwave pulse of conditioning fruit-vegetable and its application |
| CN108497526B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2023-09-19 | 江南大学 | Normal pressure ultrasonic atomization-low-frequency microwave pulse spouted drying device for conditioning fruits and vegetables |
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| CN108895767B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2023-09-29 | 江南大学 | Negative pressure pulse cooperated normal pressure radio frequency spouted bed drying device and application thereof |
| CN111528390A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-14 | 江南大学 | Efficient and energy-saving method for improving berry freeze-drying through cooperation of laser pretreatment and microwave spouted |
| WO2021208935A1 (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2021-10-21 | 江南大学 | High-efficiency energy-saving method for improving freeze-drying of berries by laser pretreatment in cooperation with microwave spraying |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101514787B1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
| CN102987524B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
| DE202013100018U1 (en) | 2013-07-01 |
| KR20140073402A (en) | 2014-06-16 |
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Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Guangdong Jiahao Foodstuff Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000050 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: ZHEJIANG ALL NICE FOOD CO., LTD. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000058 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Ningbo Haitong Food Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000059 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Wuxi Delin Ship Equipment Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000056 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: DILI NUTRITION CATERING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000057 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Zhejiang Yanzhoufu Food Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000054 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: General Mills (China) Investment Co., Ltd Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000055 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Nanjing Jiang Gao drying equipment Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000053 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170705 Address after: Food College of Jiangnan University No. 1800 Li Lake Avenue 214122 in Jiangsu province Wuxi City Binhu District Co-patentee after: Nanjing Jiang Gao drying equipment Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Jiangnan University Address before: Food College of Jiangnan University No. 1800 Li Lake Avenue 214122 in Jiangsu province Wuxi City Binhu District Patentee before: Jiangnan University |