CN102987524B - Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method - Google Patents
Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102987524B CN102987524B CN2012105188874A CN201210518887A CN102987524B CN 102987524 B CN102987524 B CN 102987524B CN 2012105188874 A CN2012105188874 A CN 2012105188874A CN 201210518887 A CN201210518887 A CN 201210518887A CN 102987524 B CN102987524 B CN 102987524B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23L3/44—Freeze-drying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B7/024—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication or lyophilisation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/005—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating using irradiation or electric treatment
- A23L3/01—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating using irradiation or electric treatment using microwaves or dielectric heating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23L3/54—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution using irradiation or electrical treatment, e.g. ultrasonic waves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/048—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum in combination with heat developed by electro-magnetic means, e.g. microwave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and a homogenization efficient processing method, belonging to the field of agricultural product dehydration and drying machinery. The device is composed of a feed valve, a baffle valve, a microwave hating cavity, microwave sources, a water load, a vacuum drying pipe, a gas distributor, a gas flow regulator, a gas-solid separator, an unloader, a water catcher, a refrigerator, a vacuum storage tank, a vacuum pump, a control panel and a water circulation device, wherein the vacuum drying pipe is a channel for material drying and flowing; the microwave sources are uniformly distributed around the microwave heating cavity; the vacuum drying pipe is mounted in the microwave heating cavity; the gas-solid separator is connected with a vacuum drying pipe outlet in the microwave heating cavity and connected with the water catcher through a pipeline; the gas distributor is mounted at the lower part of the vacuum drying pipe and connected with the gas flow regulator through a pipeline; and the gas flow is regulated through the control panel. The device disclosed by the invention realizes spouting and rotation of materials under microwave freeze-drying conditions, achieves the aim of efficiently and uniformly drying materials, shortens the freeze-drying period by about 50% and reduces the cost of large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of a kind of pulse for the graininess conditioning food and homogenising high-efficiency machining method, be applicable to chemical industry, agricultural, food service industry granule materials negative-pressure microwave uniform spraying drying, belong to agricultural product dewatering processing and drying machinery equipment field.
Background technology
Current conventional material particularly the fruits and vegetables freeze drying technology and equipment relatively ripe.Utilizing the auxiliary freeze-drying process technology of microwave and equipment is an important directions that promotes traditional fruits and vegetables ' dehydration processing industry.The general thinking of current material high-efficiency drying study mainly concentrates on inner heat sources such as adopting microwave, far infrared, high frequency and carries out combined drying, realizes the shortening of freeze-drying process, reaches efficient, energy-conservation purpose.But the heating non-uniform phenomenon (cold and hot some phenomenon) efficient, that there is highly significant in the most significant microwave freeze-dry of power conservation feature, thereby cause its drying quality obviously descend (overheated coking and cross cold not dry), the finished product uniformity is only 50%-60%, and the cost of again processing significantly improves.Simultaneously, there are three a large outstanding difficult problem and demands in the outlet freeze-drying processing of farm products industry of China: (1) agricultural product freeze-drying exists that energy consumption is large, drying time long, a high in cost of production difficult problem, and the highly effective drying technology is had to tight demand.Though tradition freeze-drying technology and equipment can retain sense organ and the nutritional quality of dehydrated vegetables product to greatest extent, long processing time, production cost are high, and the defect that energy consumption is high is arranged, and this has become the bottleneck of restriction agricultural product freeze-drying industry development.(2) the efficient freeze-drying of agricultural product exists that lack of homogeneity, yield rate are low, the product integrated quality becomes the difficult problems such as bad aggravation, and efficient evenly dry technology is had to tight demand.Single microwave freeze-dry, although microwave penetration is strong, but the characteristics such as wedge angle centrality due to the selective and microwave of its heating, the heat energy that different heating object each several parts are produced may produce larger difference, simultaneously, there is the low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon in the microwave freeze-dry process, thereby it is restricted in the suitability for industrialized production application.(3) the comprehensive competitive advantage of conventional freeze dryed product outlet is descending, international market to high-quality, the freeze-drying vegetables and fruits have tight demand cheaply.And the present invention reaches more than 98% the primary drying finished product uniformity by spouted even, the fast dewatering of realizing under the material high-efficiency freeze-drying of the pulse under high vacuum condition, realize real quick, low-cost even dry.
Open Min, Sun Jincai, the big strong grade of face (number of patent application 200910213559.1) discloses a kind of segmentation method that improves the spouted dried particles shape of microwave fruits and vegetables uniform expansion effect.Adopt different intakes at different drying stages, be initially hot blast spouted predrying, the method drying that following adopted air-flow and microwave combine.By controlling the motion conditions of dry fruit-vegetable granules in airflow field and Microwave Hybrid field, to reach the expansion effect that improves the granular garden stuff particle.But the difference of this patent for realizing spouted, the rotation of material under high vacuum condition, by adjusting spouted cycle of pulse, the spouted effect of gas flow adjustment material, realize the uniformity of material microwave freeze-dry, due to spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, far above the spouted dry products of normal pressure microwave.
Min, Sun Jincai, Zhong Qifeng, face big strong etc. (number of patent application 200810244418.1) disclose the sprouted auxiliary means that improves microwave desiccation homogeneity of granular garden stuff, adopt two class airflow fields to carry out the spouted drying of microwave, after product drying, water content is all below 6%.But the difference of this patent is for realize spouted, the rotation of material under vacuum condition, by adjusting spouted cycle of pulse, the spouted effect of gas flow adjustment material.Due to spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, and therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, and after product drying, water content is controlled at below 5%.
Wang Yuchuan, popular honor, Zheng little Wei (granted patent ZL 03249124.7) disclose the microwave freeze-drying equipment for food production.This equipment is consisted of warehouse, water vessel, microwave magnetron, crane, supporting plate and material tray.Warehouse is suitable to crane and the cuboid vacuum tank that carries out large-scale production, and its front is door.Provide the microwave magnetron of evaporation thermal source to arrange respectively end face and the both sides that are arranged on warehouse, two water vessels are fixed on the bottom of warehouse side by side in the mode of alternation and continuous cooling, the end face of warehouse and the upper surface of water vessel are fixed with respectively guide rail and slide rail, and arranged on both sides has the crane of supporting plate and material tray to be slidably connected between guide rail and slide rail.But this invention could not realize the motion of material material in freeze-drying process, there is the non-uniform heat flux phenomenon.This patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, make product obtain even heating using microwave in dry run, the spouted spatial movement that realizes material material in freeze-drying process of pulse, improve non-uniform heat flux phenomenon in the microwave freeze-dry process.Due to spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, and therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical.
Cong Fanzi (number of applying for a patent CN 200610010411.4) discloses and can be used for the microwave vacuum freeze-drying device that food and medicine is produced, in this invention desorption phase, heating using microwave, shelf silicone oil heating are combined, the drying quality that is heated to be product with shelf silicone oil is done last the guarantee, can not produce the phenomenon that microwave is crossed the heat affecting product quality.But this invention could not realize the motion of material material in freeze-drying process, there is the non-uniform heat flux phenomenon, drying time is longer than the single microwave freeze-dry time in addition.This patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, make product obtain even heating using microwave in drying tube, the spouted spatial movement that realizes material material in freeze-drying process of pulse, improve non-uniform heat flux phenomenon in the microwave freeze-dry process.Due to spouted time of material short (2s), and heating using microwave stops when spouted, then adds heating using microwave without thermal inertia, collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, and drying time is shorter than heating using microwave, the shelf silicone oil heating mode that combines.
Min, Duan Xu, Fan Liuping (granted patent ZL 200610088075.5) disclose a kind of method that shortens the microwave freezing drying of fruit or vegetable powder time.By the pulpous state fruits and vegetables to before quick-frozen, implant the nanometer titanium oxide ceramic of high-dielectric coefficient, and add higher amino acid, sugar or the salt of dielectric constant, improve the dielectric core of pulpous state fruits and vegetables, shorten microwave vacuum freeze arid cycle.This patent has changed the composition of pulpous state fruits and vegetables, and raw material only limits to pulpous state fruits and vegetables mixture microwave freeze-dry, and this patent is not mentioned the microwave freeze-dry uniformity in addition.But the difference of this patent for realizing spouted, the rotation of material under vacuum condition, do not change the composition of material, adjust the spouted effect of material different drying stages in freeze-drying process by adjusting spouted cycle, the gas flow of pulse, realize that the material microwave freeze-dry is even.
Open Min, Wang Yuchuan (granted patent ZL 201010572843.0) and disclose the even spouted drying device of a kind of negative-pressure microwave and application.The described equipment of this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, and drying chamber is duct type, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in dry run, and vacuum system adopts water circulating type vacuum pump.Realize material spouted, rotation, mobile continuously under vacuum state by adjusting vacuum, air velocity in drying tube, improve non-uniform heat flux phenomenon in the static or rotating disc type during microwave-vacuum drying of traditional product, be applicable to the micro-wave vacuum of granule materials.Vaccum storage tank vacuum is only 4-5kPa; But this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, make product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process, vacuum system adopts the low temperature water vessel and obtains the oil sealing vacuum pump of high vacuum.The vacuum pressure fluctuation range is 80-1500Pa.The spouted spatial movement that realizes material material in freeze-drying process of pulse, realize that by adjusting spouted cycle, the gas flow of pulse material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously due to spouted time of material short (2s), and when spouted, heating using microwave stops, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, the product quality of its product quality and common freeze-drying is basically identical.
The Japanese plum monarch; Cao Youfu; Yang Ping Nan etc. (number of applying for a patent 201010101353.6) disclose a kind of microwave vacuum freeze-drying device, described patent microwave vacuum freeze drying device comprises microwave cavity and vacuum storehouse, described vacuum storehouse part is arranged in described microwave cavity, micro-wave screening and vacuum-packed dual-use function can be realized in described vacuum storehouse, to guarantee the lyophilisation condition of microwave vacuum freeze drying.This patent adopts the conventional disc pattern, could not realize that material moves in dry run.But this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, is operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process.The spouted spatial movement that realizes material material in freeze-drying process of pulse, realize that by adjusting spouted cycle, the gas flow of pulse material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously due to spouted time of material short (2s), and when spouted, heating using microwave stops, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical.
Scott Wennerstrum, Chicago, Ill (U.S. Patent number 4856203, date 1989) discloses a kind of microwave vacuum drying device for medical pulvis.Drying chamber that this equipment is joined is vertically placed, and microwave source is arranged on drying chamber top, and agitator is arranged on the drying chamber bottom.Although this patent material rotates in dry run, is not spatial movement, and microwave source fails to be uniformly distributed, and still has the microwave drying non-uniform phenomenon.This patent can only be applied to the micro-wave vacuum of granular material in addition, and granule materials causes fragmentation owing to stirring squeezing action, more can not be applied to the freeze-drying process of material.This patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, drying chamber is duct type, microwave source is uniformly distributed along microwave heating chamber, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process.The spouted spatial movement that realizes material material in freeze-drying process of material pulse in dry run, by adjusting the spouted cycle of pulse, gas flow realizes that material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously due to spouted time of material short (2s), the spouted distance of material is little, and when spouted, heating using microwave stops, moreover add heating using microwave without thermal inertia, collapse phenomenon and Fragmentation Phenomena do not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical, far above the micro-wave vacuum product.
Wang, W.; Chen, G.H.; Gao, F.R. (Drying Technology 2005,23 (1), 317 – 340) studied a kind of method that improves skimmed milk microwave freeze-dry rate of drying, this research adds in skimmed milk by high fissipation factor silicon carbide rod the dielectric loss factor that is used for improving skimmed milk, experimental result shows: the method is compared and can be shortened micro-drying time 32% with conventional microwave freeze-dry, with common freeze-drying, compares and can shorten drying time 58%.But the uniformity of microwave freeze-dry is not mentioned in this research, and the method is only suitable for liquid form product.But the difference of this patent for realizing spouted, the rotation of material under vacuum condition, do not change the composition of material, adjust material different dry spouted effects of doing the stages in freeze-drying process by adjusting spouted cycle, the gas flow of pulse, realize that the material microwave freeze-dry is even.
Hao Jiang & Min Zhang & (Food Bioprocess Technol, DOI .1007/s, 11947-012-0801-1) such as Arun S. Mujumdar carried out Temperature Distribution and the microstructure study of the microwave freeze-dry of banana chip.This research institute is with being equipped for traditional type microwave freeze-dry equipment, microwave heating chamber and drying chamber one, and microwave source is concentrated and is distributed, and product adopts tray drying.Research points out that disc type microwave freeze-dry banana chip exists in dry run and has the inhomogeneities phenomenon, occurs cold and hot regionally, and microwave freeze-dry banana chip micro-structural is close with common freeze-drying.This research could not propose the microwave freeze-dry uniformity and improve technical scheme.But this patent adopts the cylindrical microwave heating cavity, be operated in atmospheric pressure state, stoped microwave feedback mouth low pressure gaseous discharge phenomenon under vacuum state, microwave source is uniformly distributed along microwave heating chamber, drying chamber is duct type, makes product obtain even heating using microwave in freeze-drying process.The spouted spatial movement that realizes material material in freeze-drying process of pulse, realize that by adjusting spouted cycle, the gas flow of pulse material different drying stages in the microwave freeze-dry process reach same spouted effect, therefore can obtain uniform microwave freeze-dry product, simultaneously due to spouted time of material short (2s), and when spouted, heating using microwave stops, moreover heating using microwave is without thermal inertia, and collapse phenomenon does not appear in product, therefore, product quality and common freeze-drying are basically identical.
In a word, the spouted microwave freeze-dry method and apparatus of pulse, have no report at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be to provide a kind of under the spouted subsidiary conditions of pulse, realize the material microwave freeze-dry efficient, evenly, low-cost drying, keep even having improved microwave freeze-dry method and the device of material conventional freeze dry product matter.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of a kind of pulse for the graininess conditioning food, comprise: inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2 also comprise heating using microwave cavity 3, microwave source 4, water load pipe 5, vacuum drying pipe 6, gas distributor 7, the gas flow adjuster 8 with source nitrogen, gas-solid separator 9, discharger 10, water vessel 11, refrigeration machine 12, vaccum storage tank 13, vavuum pump 14, control panel 15, water circle device 16.Inlet valve 1 is positioned at flapper valve 2 tops, flapper valve 2 is positioned at heating using microwave cavity 3 tops, flapper valve is processed into orifice plate, prevent that in dry run, particle runs off, flapper valve 2 is connected with 6 imports of vacuum drying pipe by pipeline, heating using microwave cavity 3 is cylindrical containers, and heating using microwave cavity two ends seal with end socket; Microwave source 4 is uniformly distributed in heating using microwave cavity 3 surrounding four directions, and evenly is alternately distributed by length direction, and each direction distribution microwave source quantity is 2-10; Water load pipe 5 is PP material pipe, is arranged in heating using microwave cavity 3, parallel with vacuum drying pipe 6, and is connected with water circle device 16.Vacuum drying pipe 6 is vertically mounted in heating using microwave cavity 3, and vacuum drying pipe 6 is dry materials and mobile passage; Gas distributor 7 is positioned at vacuum drying pipe 6 bottoms, and gas distributor 7 is connected with the gas flow adjuster 8 with source nitrogen by pipeline; Gas-solid separator 9 is positioned at heating using microwave cavity right part, by pipeline, with 6 outlets of vacuum drying pipe, is connected, and gas-solid separator 9 the right connect water vessel 11, and gas-solid separator 9 bottoms connect discharger 10; Refrigeration machine 12 and vaccum storage tank 13 are connected with water vessel 11 by pipeline; Vavuum pump 14 is connected with vaccum storage tank 13 by pipeline;
Microwave power follow the tracks of to be regulated by control panel 15 Automatic continuous according to material design temperature curve, and error is controlled at ± and 1 ℃.
Material is divided equally and is provided with four observation windows at heating using microwave cavity 3 periphery peripheries in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse, can observe the variable condition in heating using microwave cavity 3.
In the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse, water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe.
In the vacuum drying pipe, the vacuum pressure fluctuation range is 80-1500Pa.
Described device, for the method for the spouted microwave homogenising of graininess conditioning food pulse freeze-drying, is characterized in that material enters vacuum drying pipe 6 by inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2, and flapper valve is processed into orifice plate, prevents that in dry run, particle runs off; Vacuum drying pipe 6 is dry materials and mobile passage; Heating using microwave cavity 3 is cylindrical containers, and microwave source 4 is uniformly distributed its surrounding, and vacuum drying pipe 6 is arranged in heating using microwave cavity 3, and heating using microwave cavity 3 two ends seal with end socket; Water load pipe 5 is PP material pipe, is arranged in heating using microwave cavity 3, parallel with vacuum drying pipe 6, and water load pipe 5 is connected with water circle device 16, and water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe; Gas-solid separator 9 connects interior vacuum drying pipe 6 outlets of heating using microwave cavity 3, and is connected with water vessel 10 by pipeline; Gas distributor 7 is arranged on vacuum drying pipe 6 bottoms, and be connected with the gas flow adjuster 8 with source nitrogen by pipeline, vacuum pressure and fluctuation range, microwave power, gas flow and the spouted cycle of graininess conditioning food in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse all regulated by control panel 15; Can realize spoutedly under vacuum state due to material, adopt this device to realize that material is spouted under the microwave freeze-dry condition, rotation, reach material high-efficiency, even dry purpose.
Material particles is the spouted mode of pulse under the microwave freeze-dry condition: material particles spouted drying of pulse in the vacuum drying pipe is subject to each power effect of the following stated: 1, in the vacuum drying pipe, pulse gas (nitrogen) produces motive force upwards to material; 2, material particles and pipeline friction, produce the frictional force that material particles rotates; 3, produce friction because size difference, proportion are different between material particles, produce the frictional force that material rotates; 4, material particles produces different contractility and material particles because instantaneous inside and outside differential pressure changes and produces each other corresponding extruding force.Under the effect of above-mentioned each power, material except moving up,, rotates again in vertical vacuum drying pipe simultaneously, thereby brings the material particles cyclically-varying that distributes in locus.Material reduces gradually at dry initial stage, mid-term, later stage moisture content, and the present invention, by automatically adjusting spouted cycle and the gas flow of pulse, makes to reach maximum position and obtain equal locus probability during the spouted freeze-drying of material pulse.Simultaneously, spouted in pulse during heating using microwave synchronously stop, due to heating using microwave without thermal inertia, be different from traditional electricity, oil, Steam Heating mode (thering is thermal inertia), do not affect the temperature of material particles, can not cause material in freeze-drying process to subside, affect drying quality.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, uniform drying: in the microwave freeze-dry process, present periodically spouted, rotation status due to material, realize that material is evenly dry, the finished product uniformity reaches more than 98%, without again processing.Avoided the traditional microwave drying to have the heating non-uniform phenomenon (cold and hot some phenomenon) of highly significant, its drying quality descends (overheated coking and excessively cold not dry), and the cost of again processing significantly improves.
2, efficiency is high, cost is low: in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse, obtain equal microwave power probability due to material particles, with the freeze-drying of conventional disc type micro-wave, to compare the material particles rate of drying fast, and drying efficiency is high, cost is low.
3, invest little, easy to operate: due to material spouted and continuous drying periodically in the vacuum drying pipe, and pipeline adopts, and anti-heating using microwave, microwave absorbability are low, high temperature resistant, low temperature, polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material that coefficient of friction is low are made, save the huge dry cavity of tradition, so invest littlely, use easy to operate.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention block diagram.1, inlet valve, 2, flapper valve, 3, the heating using microwave cavity, 4, microwave source, 5, the water load pipe, 6, the vacuum drying pipe, 7, gas distributor, 8, with the gas flow adjuster of source nitrogen, 9, gas-solid separator, 10, discharger, 11, water vessel, 12, refrigeration machine, 13, vaccum storage tank, 14, vavuum pump, 15, control panel, 16, water circle device.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mode and device for the spouted microwave freeze-dry homogenising of graininess conditioning food material pulse, comprise: inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2 also comprise heating using microwave cavity 3, microwave source 4, water load pipe 5, vacuum drying pipe 6, gas distributor 7, gas flow adjuster 8, gas-solid separator 9, discharger 10, water vessel 11, refrigeration machine 12, vaccum storage tank 13, vavuum pump 14, control panel 15 and water circle device 16.Inlet valve 1 is the entrance that granule materials enters the vacuum drying pipe, and there is the vacuum seal effect, flapper valve 2 is to stop material to enter gas-solid separator 9, it is again simultaneously the passage of steam and Air Flow in dry run, vacuum drying pipe 6 is arranged in heating using microwave cavity 3, granule materials carries out spouted and dry in pipe, material particles spouting height and fluctuation vacuum scope are controlled by gas distributor 7 and gas flow regulating valve 8, the steam that in dry run, material particles produces congeals into ice at water vessel 11 through gas-solid separator 9, the water vessel temperature is controlled by refrigeration machine 12, in the vacuum drying pipe, vacuum pressure is maintained by vaccum storage tank 13, vaccum storage tank is connected with oil-sealed vacuum pump 14.After the dry end of granule materials, open flapper valve, adjust gas flow regulating valve, material particles enters gas-solid separator from the vacuum drying pipe, then enters discharger 10.
The present invention adopts the spouted mode of pulse to realize that material is spouted in pipe, rotation, changed conventional disc type micro-wave freeze-drying mode, increase heat exchange area, material surface moisture disengagement area in the dry materials process, have that uniform drying, efficiency are high, a small investment, the low advantage of cost.
Embodiment 1, the spouted microwave freeze-dry method of carrot grain pulse
Fresh carrot is cleaned up, be cut into the cube of 5mm-10mm, at 96-98 ℃ of blanching 2-3 minute, after pulling out, add 1% powdered glucose to be mixed static 20 minutes, slough surface attachment moisture with centrifuge and prepare stand-by.Open the fluid bed instant freezer when temperature reaches-40 ℃, pretreated daucus carrot particles is placed on above fluid bed and carries out quick-frozen, freeze-off time 1 hour, then put into-35 ℃ of freezers stand-by.Open the spouted microwave freeze-dry equipment of this device pulse refrigeration machine 12, after water vessel 11 temperature reach-40 ℃, by gas distributor 7 from the vacuum drying pipe 6 lower curtates vacuum drying pipe of packing into, open inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2, daucus carrot particles after freezing is taken out in freezer, put into the vacuum drying pipe, close inlet valve, open vavuum pump 14, when vacuum basin 13 and vacuum drying overpressure reach 100Pa, open successively microwave source 4, water circle device 16 and gas flow regulating valve 8, microwave power is adjusted automatically according to the granule materials temperature of setting, the granule materials temperature recorded temperature value in dry run every 1 minute, maximum temperature is 55 ℃, the spouted cycle of pulse is set according to the preliminary experiment data, control panel 15 is adjusted gas flow regulating valve automatically according to setup parameter, vacuum pressure fluctuation range 100-1500Pa, recovery time 40s.After setting end drying time, open flapper valve, material enters gas-solid separator 9, finally from discharger 10, discharges.
Embodiment 2, the spouted microwave freeze-dry method of lettuce stem particle pulse
The lettuce stem is cleaned up, be cut into the cylinder of diameter 12mm, thickness 5mm, be placed in the tetrafluoroethene dish, adopt microwave blanching (anhydrous), in 2min, lettuce granule interior temperature reaches 100 ℃, keeps 1min, cooling with cold wind, until surface is without adhesive water.Open the fluid bed instant freezer when temperature reaches-40 ℃, the lettuce particle of microwave blanching is placed on above fluid bed and carries out quick-frozen, freeze-off time 1 hour, then put into-35 ℃ of freezers stand-by.Open the spouted microwave freeze-dry equipment of this device pulse refrigeration machine 12, after water vessel 11 temperature reach-40 ℃, by gas distributor 7 from the vacuum drying pipe 6 lower curtates vacuum drying pipe of packing into, open inlet valve 1 and flapper valve 2, lettuce particle after freezing is taken out in freezer, put into the vacuum drying pipe, close inlet valve, open vavuum pump 14, when vacuum basin 13 and vacuum drying overpressure reach 80Pa, open successively microwave source 4, water circle device 16 and gas flow regulating valve 8, microwave power is adjusted automatically according to the design temperature parameter, the lettuce particle temperature recorded temperature value in dry run every 1 minute, maximum temperature is 50 ℃, the spouted cycle of pulse is set according to the preliminary experiment data, control panel 15 is adjusted gas flow regulating valve automatically according to setup parameter, vacuum pressure fluctuation range 80-1200Pa, recovery time 30s.After setting end drying time, open flapper valve, material enters gas-solid separator 9, finally from discharger 10, discharges.
Claims (8)
1. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of the pulse for the graininess conditioning food, it is characterized in that this device is by inlet valve (1), flapper valve (2), heating using microwave cavity (3), microwave source (4), water load pipe (5), vacuum drying pipe (6), gas distributor (7), form with the gas flow adjuster (8) of source nitrogen, gas-solid separator (9), discharger (10), water vessel (11), refrigeration machine (12), vaccum storage tank (13), vavuum pump (14), control panel (15) and water circle device (16);
Inlet valve (1) is positioned at flapper valve (2) top, and flapper valve (2) is positioned at heating using microwave cavity (3) top, and flapper valve (2) is processed into orifice plate, prevents that in dry run, particle runs off;
Flapper valve (2) is connected with vacuum drying pipe (6) import by pipeline;
Heating using microwave cavity (3) is cylindrical container, and heating using microwave cavity (3) two ends seal with end socket;
Microwave source (4) is uniformly distributed in heating using microwave cavity (3) surrounding four direction, and evenly is alternately distributed by length direction, and each direction distribution microwave source quantity is 2-10;
Water load pipe (5) is PP material pipe, is arranged in heating using microwave cavity (3), parallel with vacuum drying pipe (6), and water load pipe (5) is connected with water circle device (16);
Vacuum drying pipe (6) is vertically mounted in heating using microwave cavity (3), and vacuum drying pipe (6) is dry materials and mobile passage;
Gas distributor (7) is positioned at vacuum drying pipe (6) bottom, and gas distributor (7) is connected with the gas flow adjuster (8) with source nitrogen by pipeline;
Gas-solid separator (9) is positioned at a side of heating using microwave cavity (3), gas-solid separator (9) is connected with vacuum drying pipe (6) outlet by pipeline, the opposite side of gas-solid separator (9) connects water vessel (11), and gas-solid separator (9) bottom connects discharger (10); Refrigeration machine (12) and vaccum storage tank (13) are connected with water vessel (11) by pipeline; Vavuum pump (14) is connected with vaccum storage tank (13) by pipeline;
Control panel (15) is controlled vacuum pressure and fluctuation range, microwave power, pulse spouted gas flow and the setting in spouted cycle and the automatically adjusting of this device in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse.
2. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: vacuum drying pipe (6) vertical direction number of permutations in the heating using microwave cavity is 3-10 row.
3. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: vacuum drying pipe (6) bore is 32-100mm, pipe material adopts the food stage polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make.
4. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse according to claim 1, is characterized in that microwave power followed the tracks of and regulated by control panel (15) Automatic continuous according to material design temperature curve, error is controlled at ± and 1 ℃.
5. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: material is divided equally and is provided with four observation windows at heating using microwave cavity (3) periphery periphery in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse, can observe the variable condition in heating using microwave cavity (3).
6. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse, water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe.
7. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the vacuum drying pipe, the vacuum pressure fluctuation range is 80-1500Pa.
8. the spouted microwave freeze-dry device of pulse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: material enters vacuum drying pipe (6) by inlet valve (1) and flapper valve (2), and flapper valve is processed into orifice plate, prevents that in dry run, particle runs off; Vacuum drying pipe (6) is dry materials and mobile passage; Heating using microwave cavity (3) is cylindrical container, and microwave source (4) is uniformly distributed its surrounding, and vacuum drying pipe (6) is arranged in heating using microwave cavity (3), and heating using microwave cavity (3) two ends seal with end socket; Water load pipe (5) is PP material pipe, be arranged in heating using microwave cavity (3), parallel with vacuum drying pipe (6), water load pipe (5) is connected with water circle device (16), and water load is used for protecting microwave source and automatically regulates microwave field density in the vacuum drying pipe; Gas-solid separator (9) connects heating using microwave cavity (3) interior vacuum drying pipes (6) outlet, and is connected with water vessel (10) by pipeline; Gas distributor (7) is arranged on vacuum drying pipe (6) bottom, and be connected with the gas flow adjuster (8) with source nitrogen by pipeline, vacuum pressure and fluctuation range, microwave power, gas flow and the spouted cycle of graininess conditioning food in the spouted microwave freeze-dry process of pulse all regulated by control panel (15).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105188874A CN102987524B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method |
| DE202013100018U DE202013100018U1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-01-03 | A device for microwave freeze drying the granular cooked food by means of the pulse jet layer |
| KR1020130110430A KR101514787B1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-09-13 | A device of pulse-spouted microwave-Freeze Drying for granulated prepared foods and its high-efficient uniform processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012105188874A CN102987524B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102987524A CN102987524A (en) | 2013-03-27 |
| CN102987524B true CN102987524B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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| CN2012105188874A Active CN102987524B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method |
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| Country | Link |
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| KR (1) | KR101514787B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102987524B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103238887A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-08-14 | 广东嘉豪食品股份有限公司 | Method for making instant chicken sauce slices through microwave spouted freeze-drying |
| CN103884155B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-02-10 | 中国农业大学 | The spouted drying equipment of Multicarity continuous microwave vacuum |
| CN104896877B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-18 | 江南大学 | Ultrasonic atomizing and pulse microwave vacuum drying device for liquid material and drying method |
| CN104983036B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2018-01-02 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Transformation cools down far-infrared ear thermometer and bacteria reducing apparatus and method |
| CN108576790A (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2018-09-28 | 江南大学 | A method of the dehydration of conditioning Cordyceps militaris and its quality-improving |
| CN108497526B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2023-09-19 | 江南大学 | Normal pressure ultrasonic atomization-low-frequency microwave pulse spouted drying device for conditioning fruits and vegetables |
| CN108895767B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2023-09-29 | 江南大学 | Negative pressure pulse cooperated normal pressure radio frequency spouted bed drying device and application thereof |
| CN109221879B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-02-15 | 广东嘉豪食品有限公司 | Low-horseradish wasabi formula with stable flavor and preparation method thereof |
| CN111528390A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-14 | 江南大学 | Efficient and energy-saving method for improving berry freeze-drying through cooperation of laser pretreatment and microwave spouted |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4856203A (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1989-08-15 | The Fitzpatrick Company | Microwave vacuum dryer |
| IT1242898B (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1994-05-18 | Pierpaolo Ramazza | Dessication system by means of heating combined with microwaves and extraction of humidity with a heated atmosphere at partial vacuum or not, especially in packed silage and other agricultural production |
| CN2655142Y (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2004-11-10 | 王玉川 | Microwave refrigerating drying device for producing food |
| BRPI0510529A (en) * | 2004-05-01 | 2007-10-30 | Agres Ltd | drying process and apparatus |
| JP2006177640A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Ulvac Japan Ltd | Freezing vacuum dryer |
| CN101126596A (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-20 | 丛繁滋 | Microwave vacuum freeze-drying apparatus for food and drug production |
| KR100995950B1 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-11-22 | 한국기계연구원 | Freezing drying method for spray from freezing drier and spray from freezing drier |
| JP5371498B2 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2013-12-18 | 株式会社フリーザーシステム | Continuous predrying method and freezing method, continuous predrying device and freezing device |
| JP5644991B2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2014-12-24 | 島根県 | A method for producing a dry powder of plant stems and leaves that highly retains α-linolenic acid and rosmarinic acid. |
| CN102200372B (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-05-01 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Micro-wave vacuum freeze-drying equipment |
| KR20110133660A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-14 | 이진우 | A method for processing packing sanitary pure anthocyanin powder for ultrasonic extraction method of black soy bean |
| CN102062525B (en) * | 2010-12-05 | 2012-04-18 | 江南大学 | Negative-pressure microwave uniform spraying and drying device and application |
-
2012
- 2012-12-06 CN CN2012105188874A patent/CN102987524B/en active Active
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2013
- 2013-01-03 DE DE202013100018U patent/DE202013100018U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| KR20140073402A (en) | 2014-06-16 |
| DE202013100018U1 (en) | 2013-07-01 |
| KR101514787B1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
| CN102987524A (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Guangdong Jiahao Foodstuff Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000050 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: ZHEJIANG ALL NICE FOOD CO., LTD. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000058 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Ningbo Haitong Food Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000059 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Wuxi Delin Ship Equipment Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000056 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: DILI NUTRITION CATERING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000057 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Zhejiang Yanzhoufu Food Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000054 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: General Mills (China) Investment Co., Ltd Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000055 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Nanjing Jiang Gao drying equipment Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangnan University Contract record no.: 2016320000053 Denomination of invention: Pulse spouted microwave freeze-drying device for granular conditioning food and homogenization efficient processing method Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Common License Record date: 20160229 |
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