CN102939510B - 热交换元件、包括该元件的热交换器以及用于制造该元件的装置 - Google Patents

热交换元件、包括该元件的热交换器以及用于制造该元件的装置 Download PDF

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CN102939510B
CN102939510B CN201080065306.5A CN201080065306A CN102939510B CN 102939510 B CN102939510 B CN 102939510B CN 201080065306 A CN201080065306 A CN 201080065306A CN 102939510 B CN102939510 B CN 102939510B
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heat exchange
fluid
elements
area
seam
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CN102939510A (zh
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L·朗姆-施密特
A·甘纳什罗曼
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CHEMITEC CONSULTING Oy
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0087—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall with flexible plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
    • B01D1/221—Composite plate evaporators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a sinusoidal wave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B29C66/81435—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned comprising several parallel ridges, e.g. for crimping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81465—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint one placed behind the other in a single row in the feed direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83415—Roller, cylinder or drum types the contact angle between said rollers, cylinders or drums and said parts to be joined being a non-zero angle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01—Films or sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/065—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/18—Heat-exchangers or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
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    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种柔性塑料膜材料的热交换元件(1)、由这种热交换元件构成的热交换器以及用于制造这种热交换元件的装置。热交换元件(1)包括：通过接缝(4,5,6)粘合在一起形成具有内和外热交换表面的可扩展袋的一对相对的膜片；用于向所述袋提供加压的热交换流体的流入开口(2)；用于在热交换后从所述袋排出流体的流出开口(3)；以及限定流体在袋内流动的路径的接缝排列(4,5,6)。根据本发明，元件的第一区域(7)中具有点状接缝(4)，元件的第二区域(8)中具有平行延伸的限定穿过第二区域的流体流动通道(11)的接缝(5)，第三区域(9)中具有倾斜接缝(6)，所述倾斜接缝限定用于流体向所述流出开口(3)流动的通道(12)。热交换器包括相邻的热交换元件(1)的堆叠，以在所述元件内流动的加压的第一流体与在所述相邻元件之间流动的第二流体之间进行热交换。在用于制造所述元件(1)的装置中，由双塑料片材料构成的卷材经过连续的三个可加热的熔接辊和支承辊。熔接辊分别具有用于形成三种不同结构的接缝的凸起并具有可选择性地将辊接触或不接触到移动的卷材的机构。

Description

热交换元件、包括该元件的热交换器以及用于制造该元件的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种柔性塑料膜材料的热交换元件、包括多个这种热交换元件的热交换器以及用于制造这种热交换元件的装置。
更具体地，本发明包括由粘结形成具有内和外热交换表面的可扩展袋的柔性塑料膜的热交换元件，该元件包括用于提供加压的热交换流体流的流入开口、用于在热交换后排出流体流的流出开口、以及将相对的塑料膜粘结在一起以限定流体在袋内流动垂直穿过连续的热交换区域的路径的接缝排列。根据本发明的热交换器具有这种热交换元件的堆叠，加压的热交换流体被布置为馈送到每个元件内部，另一热交换流体流被布置为馈送到元件之间留下的每个缝隙中。这种热交换器的一个例子是蒸馏器，其在元件之间蒸发流体流，对蒸汽加压后，在元件内部将其压缩回液体。
背景技术
在现有技术中，WO 90/01977描述了一种由垂直热交换元件堆叠构成的蒸馏设备，该热交换元件包括多对塑料膜隔膜，隔膜之间具有限定用于热交换流体流动的通道的点状接缝。待蒸馏的水从元件上方的分布池被引入到相邻元件的外表面，在元件之间被蒸发，然后水蒸气被收集并吸取到鼓风机，该鼓风机以高压将水蒸气吹入元件内部。相邻元件的内和外之间的热交换使水蒸气压缩回液体。每个元件具有沿元件上部中的顶部侧边缘开口的蒸气入口以及在元件倾斜底部的最下方的角部开口的液体出口。该设备旨在从含盐的海水中生产淡水。
WO 92/10264和WO 92/10265示出了根据WO 90/01977的设备的一种变型，其袋状热交换元件之间的待蒸发液体和需要于元件内部被压缩的加压的水蒸气均通过相邻元件顶端上的分布条而提供。另一变化是，每个元件的内部通过限定元件的一对隔膜之间相应的锯齿形接缝线被分成平行的垂直、锯齿形流体流动通道。
WO 98/33029示出了袋状热交换元件的另一种变型，其具有限定波状流动通道以用于流体在元件内流动的波状接缝。接缝从每个元件的顶端延伸到锥形底部，将元件中压缩的液体集中到位于中央的排出开口。该设备旨在蒸发含有悬浮固体物质的工业废水，该固态物质被作为残渣而分离，其通过相对较窄的冷凝排出开口并因此在蒸发器中提供自清洁功能。
DE 2511144描述了一种蒸发器，其中塑料材料的垂直热交换元件包括点状接缝的蒸气分布区域以及彼此相邻的垂直和水平通道状热交换区域。从蒸发器的垂直侧向每个元件的内部提供热蒸气，使其穿过点状接缝的蒸气分布区域，并通向热交换区域的垂直和水平通道，然后被压缩并作为压缩液体穿过元件底部的流出开口而排出。从蒸发器顶部向热交换元件的外表面提供待蒸发的溶液，该溶液向下流动并在热交换区域扩展的水平和垂直通道之间蒸发。
与点状接缝相比，波状和锯齿状接缝的好处是元件之间所形成的流体流动路径不容易堵塞，特别在当元件被布置为每第二个元件相对于相邻元件转到镜像位置的情况下。在这种布置中，相邻元件的扩展的波状流动通道有规律地相互交叉，在元件外形成通路，其在这些波状扩展物附近交叉。点状接缝，尤其是相邻元件的面对面位置的点状接缝往往使扩展元件之间的通路变细并抑制流体流动。当含纤维的悬浮液被蒸发时，该流动通路很容易被堵塞。波状接缝结构还能够比点状接缝承受更高的压差，并提供更好的流体分布。
现有技术中的这种波状接缝结构热交换器的缺点是，由于双馈送通道设置分别向每个元件的内和外提供液体流，因此元件顶部的流体流动分布结构体积过大。为了使相邻元件的表面相互接触，双馈送通道结构的厚度为元件的扩展限定了最小值。因此限制扩展以增加热交换元件表面的数量并由此增加给定体积的热交换量是不可能的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种改进的可避免上述缺点的热交换元件。换句话说，本发明的目的在于使相邻热交换元件之间的流体更容易流动同时使元件能够承受更高的压力条件，并提高原先因受限于扩展和增加热交换表面积的容量。本发明提供的解决方案是这样一种热交换元件，该热交换元件中，元件最上方的第一区域中临近流入开口处具有点状接缝排列，元件的所述第一区域下方的第二区域中具有平行延伸的接缝排列，所述延伸的接缝限定穿过第二区域的流体流动通道，元件的所述第二区域下方的最低的第三区域中具有倾斜的接缝排列，所述倾斜接缝限定用于流体向所述流出开口流动的通道。
元件的最上方的第一区域中的点状接缝使流体（通常为加压的蒸气）自由的横向漫延，由此使流体均匀地分布到下方的第二区域中的流动通道。因此蒸气流入开口可位于元件的垂直侧，与向元件外馈送流体的入口通道分离。元件顶端的馈送通道结构的厚度仅取决于元件，导致各个元件的元件表面互相接触所需的扩展量更小。另外，通过增加点状接缝的数量，可降低第一区域中的扩展量并小于第二区域中的，这能够改进相邻元件的最上部部分之间的流体流动。
根据本发明的优选实施例，元件包括限定垂直地穿过元件的第二区域延伸的平行波状流体流动通道的平行波状接缝排列。但是，本发明中，第二区域中也可以是直线接缝，这对于气体-气体热交换器尤其有用。
热交换元件的第一和第二区域大致为矩形，而第三区域朝流出开口逐渐缩小。在热交换器中，热交换元件通常竖直放置，流出开口位于元件的最底端，所述第三区域中的流体流动通道朝所述流出开口会聚。
根据本发明的热交换器包括相邻的由柔性塑料膜材料构成的热交换元件的堆叠，每个元件的形式为具有内和外热交换表面的可扩展袋，以在所述元件内流动的加压的第一流体与在所述相邻元件之间流动的第二流体之间能够进行热交换，每个元件包括用于提供所述第一流体的流入开口、用于在热交换后排出第一流体的流出开口、以及将相对的塑料膜粘结以限定流体在袋内垂直流动穿过连续的热交换区域的路径的接缝排列。本发明的热交换器的特征在于，每个热交换元件中，元件最上方的第一区域中临近流入开口处具有点状接缝排列，元件的所述第一区域下方的第二区域中具有平行延伸的接缝排列，所述延伸的接缝限定穿过第二区域的流体流动通道，元件的所述第二区域下方的最低的第三区域中具有倾斜的接缝排列，所述倾斜接缝限定用于流体向所述流出开口流动的通道。
用于制造根据本发明的热交换元件的装置的特征在于其包括：传送由双塑料片材料的卷材的路径，以用于提供多个袋状元件；连续的沿所述路径的三个可加热熔接辊，这三个辊分别具有用于形成三种不同结构的接缝的凸起并具有水压或气动机构以选择性地将辊接触或不接触到移动的卷材；以及位于薄条相对侧的支撑辊，用于支撑接触到薄条的熔接辊。
附图说明
通过参考附图以示例性的方式详细描述本发明，其中：
图1为根据本发明的热交换元件的正视图，
图2为两个相邻的根据图1的热交换元件的部分正视图，部分截面图，
图3为根据权利要求1的元件的左上角的前视图，为图4的IV-IV截面图，包括用于热交换流体的入口通道，
图4为包括根据图1的热交换元件的堆叠的热交换器的一部分的截面图，为图3的III-III截面图，以及
图5示出用于制造根据本发明热交换元件的装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了一种热交换元件1，其包括一对粘结在一起形成具有内和外热交换表面的可扩展袋的柔性塑料膜材料片。该元件1属于包括通过夹紧装置相互粘结的相邻元件堆叠的热交换器的一部分。热交换流体中的一种是在元件1内流动的加压的气体或蒸汽，这些加压的气体或蒸气扩展元件从而挤压相邻元件的热交换膜表面使其相互接触。另一种热交换流体在元件1之间沿其外部热交换表面流动。
根据图1的热交换元件1包括用于提供加压的热交换流体流的流入开口2、用于在热交换后排出流体流的流出开口3、以及将相对的塑料膜片粘结在一起以限定流体在袋内流动的路径的接缝排列（array of welds）4，5，6。该元件在流体于元件内的运动方向（在垂直放置的元件中通常为向下的方向）上被分成三个区域7，8，9，这些区域所具有的使膜片相互粘结且在元件内限定流体流动的路径的接缝的结构不同。在临近流入开口2的第一区域7中，具有点状接缝排列4，其允许流体横向漫延。流入开口2位于元件垂直侧10上，第一区域7的旁边。在第一区域7旁边的第二区域8中，具有平行波状接缝5排列，其相应地限定波状流体流动通道11，该通道11垂直地延伸穿过第二区域。在第二区域8旁边的第三区域9中，具有倾斜接缝排列6，其限定用于使流体朝最下方的流出开口3流动会聚的通道12。在第一和第二区域7、8中，元件1的形式为矩形，具有水平顶端13和垂直侧边缘10，而在第三区域9中元件的底部14朝最低的流出开口3轴向对称地逐渐缩小。
图2示出了位于构成根据本发明的热交换器15的元件堆叠中的两个相邻热交换元件1、1'的部分。可以看出，相邻元件1、1'的波状流动通道11位于可相互位移的位置或位于镜像位置，从而使扩展的通道规则地相互交叉，并在元件外留下通路16，通路16在通道附近交叉。图4示出了元件堆叠的横截面，其进一步显示了相邻元件1、1'中扩展通道11的相互位置关系。
如图3和图4所示，每个热交换元件1的流入开口2上提供有垂直条17，该垂直条17包括一组通向具有点状接缝4的第一区域7的加压的流体馈送通道18。沿元件的顶端13具有包括邻接的条19的水平流体分布结构，每个条19具有一组将热交换流体分布到元件之间的热交换表面上的馈送通道20。垂直和水平条17、19的端部交替堆叠并由穿过堆叠中的每个元件的螺栓固定在一起。
具有根据图1的热交换元件的堆叠的热交换器可被用作蒸馏器，其中液体在相邻元件之间被蒸发，从液体中产生的蒸气通过鼓风机（未示出）被升至高压高温，然后蒸气在元件内被压缩回液体并作为蒸馏物从元件中流出。另一中可能的用途是从高温气体热交换成低温气体，高温气体在元件中流动，低温气体在元件之间流动，当流体在被压缩的元件之间的间隙和路径中流过时，纤维或其他悬浮物的蒸发降低了它们的体积将它们的固体成份分离，通过自清洁效应使固体从中移除。
图5中示意性地示出了制造热交换元件1的装置。该装置具有传送双塑料片材料的卷材22的路径，以用于提供多个袋状元件，还具有连续的沿所述路径的三个可加热熔接辊23、24、25，这三个辊分别具有用于形成三种不同结构的接缝的凸起并具有水压或气动机构（未示出）以选择性地将辊接触或不接触到移动的卷材，还具有位于卷材相对侧的支撑辊26，用于支撑接触到卷材的熔接辊。为了生产如图1所示的元件，三个辊具有分别用于形成点状、波状和会聚结构接缝的凸起。形成接缝的塑料片卷材被送至辊27，并在以后阶段被切成各个元件1。

Claims (17)

1.热交换元件(1)，其由柔性塑料膜材料构成，所述柔性塑料膜材料粘合在一起形成具有内和外热交换表面的可扩展袋，所述元件包括用于提供加压的热交换流体流的流入开口(2)、用于在热交换后排出流体流的流出开口(3)、以及将相对的塑料膜粘结在一起以限定流体在袋内垂直流动穿过连续的热交换区域的路径的接缝排列(4-6)，其特征在于元件最上方第一区域(7)中临近流入开口(2)处具有点状接缝排列(4)，元件的所述第一区域下方的第二区域(8)中具有平行延伸的接缝排列(5)，所述延伸的接缝限定穿过第二区域的流体流动通道(11)，元件的所述第二区域下方的最低的第三区域(9)中具有倾斜接缝排列(6)，所述倾斜接缝限定用于流体向所述流出开口(3)流动的通道(12)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换元件，其特征在于第二区域(8)包括限定平行波状流体流动通道(11)的平行波状接缝排列(5)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换元件，其特征在于热交换元件(1)的第一和第二区域(7,8)大致为矩形，而第三区域(9)朝流出开口(3)逐渐缩小。
4.根据权利要求3所述的热交换元件，其特征在于流出开口(3)轴向地位于竖直放置的元件(1)的最底端，所述第三区域(9)中的流体流动通道(12)朝所述流出开口会聚。
5.根据权利要求4所述的热交换元件，其特征在于竖直元件具有水平顶端(13)、两个垂直侧(10)以及逐渐缩小的具有流出开口(3)的底端(14)，流入开口(2)位于一个垂直侧上，在所述第一区域(7)旁边。
6.根据权利要求1所述的热交换元件，其特征在于所述元件(1)用于使加压的蒸气压缩成液体，该液体从所述元件的最下方的流出开口(3)流出。
7.热交换器(15)，包括相邻的由柔性塑料膜材料构成的热交换元件(1)的堆叠，每个元件的形式为可扩展袋，该可扩展袋具有内和外热交换表面，以在所述元件内流动的加压的第一流体与在所述相邻元件(1，1')之间流动的第二流体之间能够进行热交换，每个所述元件包括用于提供所述第一流体的流入开口(2)、用于在热交换后排出第一流体的流出开口(3)、以及将相对的塑料膜粘结以限定流体在袋内垂直流动穿过连续的热交换区域的路径的接缝排列(4-6)，其特征在于每个热交换元件(1)最上方的临近流入开口(2)的第一区域(7)中具有点状接缝排列(4)，元件的所述第一区域下方的第二区域(8)中具有平行延伸的接缝排列(5)，所述延伸的接缝限定穿过第二区域的流体流动通道(11)，元件的所述第二区域下方的最低的第三区域(9)中具有倾斜接缝排列(6)，所述倾斜接缝限定用于流体向所述流出开口(3)流动的通道(12)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的热交换器，其特征在于每个热交换元件(1)的第一和第二区域(7,8)大致为矩形，而第三区域(9)朝流出开口(3)逐渐缩小。
9.根据权利要求8所述的热交换器，其特征在于热交换元件(1)竖直放置，所述流出开口(3)位于每个元件的最底端。
10.根据权利要求9所述的热交换器，其特征在于每个热交换元件(1)具有水平顶端(13)、两个垂直侧(10)以及逐渐缩小的具有流出开口(3)的底端(14)，流入开口(2)位于一个垂直侧上，在所述第一区域(7)旁边。
11.根据权利要求10所述的热交换器，其特征在于临近热交换元件(1)的顶端(13)具有水平流体分布结构，所述结构包括将流体分布到所述元件之间的热交换表面上的馈送通道(20)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的热交换器，其特征在于所述液体分布结构包括水平条(19)，该水平条包括一组液体馈送通道(20)，所述条在所述柔性热交换元件(1)的顶端(13)交替放置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的热交换器，其特征在于每个热交换元件(1)的流入开口(2)上提供有垂直条(17)，该垂直条(17)包括一组蒸汽馈送通道(18)，所述水平条(19)和垂直条(17)的相邻端部相互交替地订装和固定。
14.根据权利要求9-13中的任一项权利要求所述的热交换器，其特征在于所述热交换器用于使加压的蒸气压缩成液体，该液体从所述热交换元件(1)的最下方的流出开口(3)流出。
15.根据权利要求14所述的热交换器，其特征在于其为蒸馏器，该蒸馏器将相邻热交换元件(1,1')之间的液体蒸发，将从所述液体产生的蒸气加压并将所述蒸气在所述热交换元件中压缩回液体。
16.用于制造根据权利要求1-6中任一项权利要求所述的热交换元件(1)的装置，其特征在于其包括：传送由双塑料片材料的卷材(22)的路径，以用于提供多个袋状元件；连续的沿所述路径的三个可加热熔接辊(23-25)，这三个辊分别具有用于形成三种不同结构的接缝的凸起并具有水压或气动机构以选择性地将辊接触或不接触到移动的卷材；以及位于卷材相对侧的支撑辊(26)，用于支撑接触到卷材的熔接辊。
17.根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于所述三个辊(23-25)具有分别用于形成点状、波状和会聚结构接缝(4-6)的凸起。
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BR112012022531B1 (pt) 2020-05-12
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CN102939510A (zh) 2013-02-20
US9372033B2 (en) 2016-06-21
CA2791488C (en) 2017-05-23
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US20130146226A1 (en) 2013-06-13

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