CN102926482A - External waterproof structure of exterior wall of building and construction method thereof - Google Patents
External waterproof structure of exterior wall of building and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102926482A CN102926482A CN2012104840803A CN201210484080A CN102926482A CN 102926482 A CN102926482 A CN 102926482A CN 2012104840803 A CN2012104840803 A CN 2012104840803A CN 201210484080 A CN201210484080 A CN 201210484080A CN 102926482 A CN102926482 A CN 102926482A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to an external waterproof structure of an exterior wall of a building and a construction method thereof. The external waterproof structure is mainly and technically characterized by comprising a leveling layer, a polyethylene polypropylene fiber coiled material composite waterproof layer and a protective layer, wherein the leveling layer is formed by plastering cement mortar on the outer surface of the exterior wall, and the cement mortar is admixed with a construction adhesive agent; and the polyethylene polypropylene fiber coiled material composite waterproof layer is stuck to the surface of the leveling layer by a polymer cementing material, and is covered with the polymer cement protective layer outside. The construction method mainly comprises the following construction steps: firstly, cleaning and leveling the surface of the exterior wall; secondly, preparing the polymer cementing material; thirdly, constructing the waterproof layer; and fourthly, constructing the protective layer. The external waterproof structure of the exterior wall of the building and the construction method have the advantages that the operation is simple and convenient; and the used material is polyethylene polypropylene fiber coiled material with the effects of environmental protection, no pollution and good waterproof performance, and the bonding among the polyethylene polypropylene fiber coiled material, a base layer and the protective layer is firm, so that the external insulation quality of the exterior wall can be effectively ensured, the energy-saving requirement for the building can be met, water penetration prevention of the exterior wall is ensured, and good economic and social comprehensive benefits are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the realm of building construction, particularly relate to the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall and job practices thereof.
Background technology
Current, no matter architectural design aspect or building operations aspect all do not have to form the outer waterproof construction of exterior wall that there is protective effect in the relatively reliable External Wall outside.
For the external wall that outer insulation construction is arranged; its outer water-proof function mainly is to be born by the topping on external thermal insulation surface; this topping is put on insulation layer surface by the cement mortar with water-proof function, cement polymer mortar or water-repellent paint and forms; because the thermal expansion coefficient difference of protective layer material and insulation layer material is very large; in order to prevent that topping from ftractureing because of variations in temperature, topping is done all very thinly.So, when inevitable external force (such as the temperature of hail, positive and negative blast, cataclysm etc.) when acting on protective layer, can cause the topping cracking equally, therefore its water-proof function is reduced greatly.After rainwater or snow-broth etc. immerse the insulation layer material along the crack, heat insulating material is made moist, because large more than 20 times of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the thermal conductivity ratio still air of water, therefore, the increase of heat insulating material moisture content directly causes its coefficient of thermal conductivity significantly to improve, so that the heat insulation effect of external thermal insulation system reduces greatly.Moreover, when rainwater or snow-broth etc. penetrates into external thermal insulation system and run up to a certain degree, under the alternating action of freeze thawing, part even the whole accident that comes off also can appear in external thermal insulation system, not only can produce the thoroughly problem of cold, dewfall of external wall, reduce interior temperature, also very likely cause falling from high altitude to hurt sb.'s feelings, ruin the serious consequence of thing.
For the exterior wall that does not have outer insulation construction, deliberately do not do the outer waterproof of exterior wall yet, be rely on the rain cover of outer wall material own substantially.In general, the waterproof of outer wall material itself, impermeability are very low, abundant and follow when blowing when extraneous rainfall, can make exterior wall generation rain penetration to the exterior wall inner surface, not only can destroy interior decoration, and the time grown, also can be mouldy at seepage part, affect indoor attractive in appearance and user's health.
The appearance of the problems referred to above can be summed up as at the bottom of the reliability of the outer waterproof of external wall, does not perhaps do the outer waterproof of exterior wall at all.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the wretched insufficiency for the outer waterproof aspect of existing building exterior wall, the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall and job practices thereof are provided, it can improve the external wall waterproof quality effectively, plays the effect of protection building.
The outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall provided by the invention and job practices thereof is characterized in that: be comprised of leveling layer, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer and topping; Wherein: leveling layer be admixture the cement mortar of building adhesive cementing agent scrape and be put on the exterior wall external surface; the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer is bonded at the leveling layer surface with the cementing material of polymer, and polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer outside is the polymer cement topping.
Operating principle of the present invention is: do the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet composite water-proof by External Wall, to remedy the outer waterproof of current exterior wall in the defective in design and construction field.When exterior wall has outer insulation construction, by quality waterproofing course really up to the mark is set on the external wall insulating layer surface, heat insulating material is kept dry state, to guarantee its good insulation, effect of heat insulation; When building without external heat preserving structure for exterior wall, paste waterproofing course at the exterior wall external surface, can prevent effectively that exterior wall from seeping water because rainwater soaks pouring.
Job practices of the present invention is achieved in that mainly and may further comprise the steps:
1) cleaning of exterior wall surface and levelling:
The situation that outer insulation construction is arranged for exterior wall, at first that the external wall insulating layer surface is clean clean, floating ash, greasy dirt, release agent, hollowing and the waste etc. of thoroughly removing the surface affect the material of sticking strength; 1: 3 cement mortar levelling thereon of the cementing agents such as 107 or 801 building adhesives of then having used admixture, the thickness range of leveling layer is 20mm ~ 30mm, the leveling layer mortar is by the volume ratio preparation of various materials, that is, and the drinking water of cleaning: 425
#Portland cement: medium sand: 107 or 801 building adhesives=3: 6: 18: 1, this is optimum mix, the batching amount ranges be various material mix proportion consumption volumes ± 1%.The situation that does not have outer insulation for exterior wall after just the exterior wall external surface cleans totally first, is made in the exterior wall external surface according to above-mentioned steps with leveling layer again.
2) prepared polymer cementitious materials:
Before smearing the polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials, should spray water makes leveling layer moistening, and injection flow rate begins stably moistening being advisable with the leveling layer surface, both absorbs water no longer significantly, also not obviously lumen water.Cement has enough moisture to finish hydration reaction when pasting with assurance polymer cement cementitious materials; But open fire must not be arranged, if moisture is too large, the bonding between waterproof roll and the basic unit can produce hollowing, shelling problem with insecure.
The polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials should be compatible with polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet, to guarantee its bond effect.The selected polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials of the present invention is to utilize cement and two kinds of cementitious materialss of polymer and the cementing commercial prod that forms of aggregate, and all there is supply in market.It should be noted that its properties of product must be compatible with polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet, can consult manual.Should strictly mix system by the product operation instruction requirement scene of manufacturer, adopting the electric device limit to add the waterside stirs, mixing time is 3 ~ 5 min, the cementitious materials that stirs should be even, should be without precipitation, without grumeleuse, without segregation, denseness is moderate, and certain viscosity is arranged, pinching with two fingers and not disconnect immediately after partly spreading one's fingers again, having the viscous sense to be advisable.It should be noted that mixing the cementitious materials that makes should leave standstill and again stir 20-40s behind 5 min and can use, and be finished in setting time (being generally 1h), stablize constant with the technical performance that guarantees the polymer cement waterproof agglutination material.The construction cured thickness of polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials should be 1.4 mm, and the allowable error scope is-0.2mm ~+0.6mm;
3) construction of waterproof layer:
The polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer is formed jointly by polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet and polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials, and its thickness must not be less than 2 mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+1mm.Wherein, the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet optimum thickness is 0.8mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+0.2mm, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet adopts completely by the polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials that the shop method sticks on the leveling layer.The polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials should be scraped equably and be put on the leveling layer surface, must not have to leak to smear, and also accumulation must not be arranged, and its THICKNESS CONTROL is advisable at 1.4 mm, and the allowable error scope is-0.2mm ~+0.6mm.In order to guarantee the sticking Quality of polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material, paving polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material immediately after the polymer cement cementitious materials is scraped and wiped is in order to avoid overlong time affects bond quality.In the installation of membrane process, coiled material is folded, coiled material also must not firmly stretch, the direction in paving edge, limit evenly scrapes coiled material, to get rid of the air between coiled material and basic unit, and roll out unnecessary cementitious materials, and the seam mouth is compressed obturage at last, closely knit to guarantee coiled material and basic unit's face or coiled material lapping place bonding.Coiled material overlaps up and down employing and connects downstream stubble, and the coiled material lapping width is not less than 100 mm, two overlapping the slot and adjacent two width of cloth coiled material lappings seam, 1/3rd amplitudes that should stagger up and down, and the paving direction is parallel to current direction, and from the paving that hoists of exterior wall lower.The overlap joint that is parallel to adjacent two width of cloth coiled materials of current direction require and method the same.
4) topping construction
Can carry out the topping construction after waterproofing course is qualified on inspection, selected polymer cement should be compatible with polyethylene polypropylene, can consult product description, and this product all has supply in market.After polymer cement was strictly finished by the product operation instruction requirement of the manufacturer system of mixing, employing was smeared platen press and is put on the polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material surface, forms the topping of polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer.Its thickness is 2.5 mm, allowable error is controlled at 0 ~+the 0.5mm scope in.
When exterior wall has outer insulation, at first do leveling layer at ready-made insulation layer external surface, then do polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet composite water-proof and topping; When exterior wall during without outer insulation, directly do leveling layer at the exterior wall external surface, then do polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet composite water-proof and topping.Although the basic unit of two kinds of situations is different, the function of the waterproofing course of indication of the present invention all is identical.
Operating process of the present invention is easy; employed critical material is the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet of green non-pollution; and water resistance is good; firm with basic unit and topping bonding; can effectively guarantee the external wall outer insulation quality; reach the building energy conservation requirement, guarantee that exterior wall does not seep water, its economic benefit and social synthesis's benefit are all fine.
Particularly for the situation of exterior wall without insulation, at present also polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet is not used as the external wall waterproof material, this also is very important innovation point of the present invention.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is of the present invention sectional drawing of exterior wall when external thermal insulation is arranged.
Fig. 2 is of the present invention sectional drawing of exterior wall during without external thermal insulation.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
1) cleaning of exterior wall surface and levelling
The situation that outer insulation is arranged for exterior wall 1, at first that external wall insulating layer 2 surface cleanings are clean, floating ash, greasy dirt, release agent, hollowing and the waste etc. of thoroughly removing the surface affect the material of sticking strength; Then the cement mortar levelling thereon of cementing agent of having used admixture.Its thickness range is 20mm ~ 30mm, and leveling layer 3 mortars are prepared by the volume ratio of various materials, that is, and and the drinking water of cleaning: 425
#Portland cement: medium sand: 107 or 801 building adhesives=3: 6: 18: 1, this is optimum mix, the batching amount ranges be various material mix proportion consumption volumes ± 1%.The situation that does not have outer insulation for exterior wall 1 after just exterior wall 1 external surface cleans totally first, is made in exterior wall 1 external surface according to above-mentioned steps with leveling layer 3 again.
2) preparation cementitious materials
Before smearing polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4, should spray water makes leveling layer 3 moistening, and cement has enough moisture to finish hydration reaction when pasting with assurance polymer cement cementitious materials 4; But open fire must not be arranged, if moisture is too large, the bonding between waterproof roll and the basic unit can produce hollowing, shelling problem with insecure.
Polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4 should be compatible with polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet 5, to guarantee its bond effect.The selected polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4 of the present invention should strictly be mixed system by the product operation instruction requirement of manufacturer, adopting the electric device limit to add the waterside stirs, mixing time is 3 ~ 5 min, the cementitious materials that stirs should be even, should be without precipitation, without grumeleuse, without segregation, denseness is moderate, and certain viscosity is arranged.It should be noted that after mixing the cementitious materials that makes should leave standstill 5 min and again stir and to use, and be finished in setting time (being generally 1h), stablize constant with the technical performance that guarantees polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4.The construction cured thickness of polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4 should be 1.4 mm, and the allowable error scope is-0.2mm ~+0.6mm.
3) construction of waterproof layer
The polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer is formed jointly by polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet 5 and polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4, and its thickness must not be less than 2 mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+1mm.Wherein, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet 5 optimum thicknesses are 0.8mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+0.2mm, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet 5 adopts completely by polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4 that the shop method sticks on the leveling layer 3.Polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials 4 should be scraped equably and be put on 3 of the leveling layers, must not have to leak to smear, and also accumulation must not be arranged, and its THICKNESS CONTROL is advisable at 1.4 mm, and the allowable error scope is-0.2mm ~+0.6mm.In order to guarantee the sticking Quality of polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material 5, paving polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material 5 immediately after polymer cement cementitious materials 4 is scraped and wiped is in order to avoid overlong time affects bond quality.In the installation of membrane process, coiled material is folded, coiled material also must not firmly stretch, the direction in paving edge, limit evenly scrapes coiled material, to get rid of the air between coiled material and basic unit, and roll out unnecessary cementitious materials, and the seam mouth is compressed obturage at last, closely knit to guarantee coiled material and basic unit's face or coiled material lapping place bonding.Coiled material lapping adopts and to connect downstream stubble, and lap width is not less than 100 mm, two-layer and adjacent two width of cloth coiled material seams 1/3rd amplitudes that should stagger up and down, and the paving direction is parallel to current direction, and from the paving that hoists of exterior wall lower.The overlap joint that is parallel to adjacent two width of cloth coiled materials of current direction require and method the same.
4) topping construction
After waterproofing course is qualified on inspection, can carry out topping 6 constructions.After polymer cement should strictly be finished by the product operation instruction requirement of the manufacturer system of mixing, employing was smeared platen press and is put on polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material 5 surfaces, forms the topping of polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer.Its thickness is 2.5 mm, allowable error is controlled at 0 ~+the 0.5mm scope in.
Claims (7)
1. the outer waterproof construction of external wall is characterized in that: be comprised of leveling layer, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer and topping; Wherein: leveling layer be admixture the cement mortar of building adhesive cementing agent scrape and be put on the exterior wall external surface; the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer is bonded at the leveling layer surface with the cementing material of polymer, and polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer outside is the polymer cement topping.
2. the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the leveling layer thickness range is 20mm ~ 30mm, the leveling layer mortar is by the volume ratio preparation of various materials, that is, and the drinking water of cleaning: 425
#Portland cement: medium sand: 107 or 801 building adhesives=3: 6: 18: 1.
3. the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cementing material cured thickness of polymer should be 1.4 mm, and the allowable error scope is-0.2mm ~+0.6mm.
4. the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer is formed jointly by polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet and polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials, its thickness must not be less than 2 mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+1mm, wherein, the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet optimum thickness is 0.8mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+0.2mm.
5. the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet overlaps up and down employing and connects downstream stubble, the coiled material lapping width is not less than 100 mm, two overlapping the slot and adjacent two width of cloth coiled material lappings stitch 1/3rd amplitudes that should stagger up and down, the paving direction is parallel to current direction, and from the paving that hoists of exterior wall lower; The overlap joint that is parallel to adjacent two width of cloth coiled materials of current direction require and method the same.
6. the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of topping is 2.5 mm, allowable error is controlled at 0 ~+the 0.5mm scope in.
7. the job practices of the outer waterproof construction of a kind of external wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that, mainly may further comprise the steps:
1) cleaning of exterior wall surface and levelling:
The situation that outer insulation construction is arranged for exterior wall, at first that the external wall insulating layer surface is clean clean, floating ash, greasy dirt, release agent, hollowing and the waste etc. of thoroughly removing the surface affect the material of sticking strength; 1: 3 cement mortar levelling thereon of the cementing agents such as 107 or 801 building adhesives of then having used admixture, the thickness range of leveling layer is 20mm ~ 30mm, the leveling layer mortar is by the volume ratio preparation of various materials, that is, and the drinking water of cleaning: 425
#Portland cement: medium sand: 107 or 801 building adhesives=3: 6: 18: 1, this is optimum mix, the batching amount ranges be various material mix proportion consumption volumes ± 1%; The situation that does not have outer insulation for exterior wall after just the exterior wall external surface cleans totally first, is made in the exterior wall external surface according to above-mentioned steps with leveling layer again;
2) prepared polymer cementitious materials:
Before smearing the polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials, should spray water makes leveling layer moistening, and injection flow rate is that the beginning of leveling layer surface is stably moistening, both no longer significantly suction, also not obvious lumen water, cement has enough moisture to finish hydration reaction when guaranteeing that the polymer cement cementitious materials is pasted;
The polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials emergencing copolymer cement water-proof cementitious materials of selecting should be compatible with polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet, strictly mix system by the product operation instruction requirement scene of manufacturer, adopting the electric device limit to add the waterside stirs, mixing time is 3 ~ 5 min, and the cementitious materials that stirs should be even, without precipitation, without grumeleuse, without segregation, denseness is moderate, and certain viscosity arranged, and pinching with two fingers and do not disconnect immediately after partly spreading one's fingers again, the viscous sense is arranged; Mix the cementitious materials that makes and leave standstill and again stir 20-40s behind 5 min and can use, and be finished within 1h, the construction cured thickness of polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials should be 1.4 mm, and the allowable error scope is-0.2mm ~+0.6mm;
3) construction of waterproof layer:
The polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer is formed jointly by polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet and polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials, and its thickness must not be less than 2 mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+1mm; Wherein, the polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet optimum thickness is 0.8mm, the allowable error scope be 0mm ~+0.2mm, polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet adopts completely by the polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials that the shop method sticks on the leveling layer; The polymer cement waterproof cementitious materials should be scraped equably and be put on the leveling layer surface, must not have to leak to smear, and also accumulation must not be arranged, and its THICKNESS CONTROL is advisable at 1.4 mm, and the allowable error scope is-0.2mm ~+0.6mm; Paving polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material immediately after the polymer cement cementitious materials is scraped and wiped, in the installation of membrane process, coiled material is folded, coiled material also must not firmly stretch, the direction in paving edge, limit evenly scrapes coiled material, with the air between eliminating coiled material and basic unit, and roll out unnecessary cementitious materials, the seam mouth is compressed obturage at last; Coiled material overlaps up and down employing and connects downstream stubble, and the coiled material lapping width is not less than 100 mm, two overlapping the slot and adjacent two width of cloth coiled material lappings seam, 1/3rd amplitudes that should stagger up and down, and the paving direction is parallel to current direction, and from the paving that hoists of exterior wall lower; The overlap joint that is parallel to adjacent two width of cloth coiled materials of current direction require and method the same;
4) topping construction
Can carry out the topping construction after waterproofing course is qualified on inspection, selected polymer cement should be compatible with polyethylene polypropylene; After polymer cement is strictly finished by the product operation instruction requirement of the manufacturer system of mixing; employing is smeared platen press and is put on the polyethylene polypropylene fiber waterproof coiled material surface; form the topping of polyethylene polypropylene fiber sheet complex waterproof layer, its thickness is 2.5 mm, allowable error is controlled at 0 ~+the 0.5mm scope in.
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| CN103306384A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-18 | 广西金雨伞防水科技有限公司 | Construction method of smearing waterproof sealant before final setting of concrete |
| CN103912123A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-09 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Caisson type washroom water leakage preventing-draining construction method |
| CN104452982A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-25 | 胡志强 | House industrial building outer wall waterproof part |
| CN106245793A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-21 | 福建闽华防水材料工程有限公司 | A kind of heat insulation integrated structure of external wall waterproof |
| CN107188463A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | A kind of bentonite adhesive and its construction method for external wall waterproof layer protection board |
| CN108005320A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-08 | 大连美宸特环保节能产品有限公司 | A kind of external wall construction of waterproof layer method |
| CN112663884A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南笔彩设计有限公司 | Bottom-coating process for indoor decoration blank room base layer |
| CN113882597A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-04 | 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司 | Building top waterproof treatment method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106245793A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-21 | 福建闽华防水材料工程有限公司 | A kind of heat insulation integrated structure of external wall waterproof |
| CN107188463A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | A kind of bentonite adhesive and its construction method for external wall waterproof layer protection board |
| CN108005320A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-08 | 大连美宸特环保节能产品有限公司 | A kind of external wall construction of waterproof layer method |
| CN112663884A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南笔彩设计有限公司 | Bottom-coating process for indoor decoration blank room base layer |
| CN113882597A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-04 | 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司 | Building top waterproof treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |