CN102926371B - In-situ suction-type soil sampling device for mud sand settling column test and using method thereof - Google Patents
In-situ suction-type soil sampling device for mud sand settling column test and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102926371B CN102926371B CN201210499026.6A CN201210499026A CN102926371B CN 102926371 B CN102926371 B CN 102926371B CN 201210499026 A CN201210499026 A CN 201210499026A CN 102926371 B CN102926371 B CN 102926371B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ suction-type soil sampling device for a mud sand settling column test and a using method thereof. The soil sampling device consists of a mud sand settling column, a sampling cup, a sampling tube and a piston type air exhaust device, wherein a pressure testing tube is arranged outside the mud sand settling column; openings of the pressure testing tube are arranged in a column along the vertical direction of the settling column; sampling holes are formed on the mud sand settling column and are spirally arranged upwards along an outer wall of the mud sand settling column and a set spiral equation in equal distance; a vertical distance h between adjacent two sampling holes is 2 to 3cm; the sampling tube is connected with the sampling cup through a sealing cover; the sampling cup is connected with the piston type air exhaust device through a rubber tube; the piston type air exhaust device comprises a handle and a piston; and a one-way valve is arranged on an extraction opening of the piston type air exhaust device. The in-situ suction-type soil sampling device for the mud sand settling column has the advantages of accurately obtaining original deposited mud sand, and being simple in principle and convenient in manual operation, and is particularly suitable for sampling test operation of depositing a mud sand sample in an indoor mud sand settling column test.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the interleaving techniques field in water conservancy and port boat engineering test, be specifically related to a kind of silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment and using method thereof.
Background technology
Silt particle settling leg simulated test is the fundamental test device of the water engineering facilities such as research river mouth, navigation channel, harbour, lake, can effectively simulate silt particle sedimentation depositing process, simulates by sediment deposition influence factor, obtains the major influence factors of sediment.Silt particle settling column test result can for regulation, harbour deep water port construction, lake dilatation desilting etc. are widened in present stage channel cleanout, basic engineering parameter, silt particle settling leg simulated test are provided be engineering control scheme and the dredging technology innovation support that provides the necessary technical.In silt particle infall process, be specifically related to the aspect such as density development and change and sedimentation and deformation of the formation of the inner super hole of silt particle pressure and dissipation, precipitated mud and sand, particularly the sorting settling effect in silt particle particles settling process etc. all has a direct impact sediment deposition rule and dredging technology exploitation, thereby is necessary vertical distribute etc. of precipitated mud and sand Density Distribution, deposited particles to test.Thereby, this experimental rig in river course, lake, harbour administer, and has great importance, for precipitated mud and sand sampling and testing provides more reliable sampling means in the engineerings such as coastal sea reclamation.
Present stage to be directly determined as master, has advantages of that test index is simple and reliable about precipitated mud and sand density measurement.Present stage, direct method testing arrangement was mainly the sediment sampler of different-diameter, sampler diameter 8 ~ 10cm, probe tube length 1.0m left and right, is applicable to the natural water area sedimentary clay layer of sand field samplings such as lake, pond, river, sampling silt particle is moulded shape for mould ~ stream, can not carry out the sampling of fluidised form silt particle.Existing sediment sampler probe tube diameter and length are all larger, but the mud and sand silting layer thickness forming in indoor silt particle sedimentation simulated test is limited, and settling leg internal diameter is less simultaneously, and is not suitable for existing sediment sampler sampling operation.Form plastic solid process because silt particle infall process silt particle particle shot fluid deposits gradually, there is no efficient sampling device for the fluidised form mud and sand silting layer sampling in silt particle infall process.
In indirectly testing means, taking means such as nucleon ray scanning, wave velocity testing, infrared rays tests as main, directly obtain precipitated mud and sand density index by demarcating relation between ray attenuation index and silt particle concentration, but because precipitated mud and sand exists the difference of size particles, still there is very important error in the silt particle density by indirect Determination, owing to can not direct sample testing, cannot obtain different deposit depths place silt particle grain composition situation.Therefore direct method test is still the main method of testing in silt particle settling leg sample.
The accurately fixed sampling method that mainly depends on sedimentary clay sand sample of direct method test result, depends on the further exploitation innovation of sampling technique, overcomes in traditional sampling method sampling amount few, and sampling craft complexity and depth selection are located inaccurate drawback.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is on the basis of initial settlement column test device, further develop the settling column test sampler that distribution, Density Distribution and the regularity of distribution of different-grain diameter silt particle in deposition process are pressed in the super hole of Accurate Determining sediment, design and manufacture a precipitated mud and sand original position fetch earth, fetch earth position accurate positioning, making simple and reliable silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment relative to operating process, and determine its using method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment, formed by silt particle settling leg, sampling cup, probe tube, piston type air pumping device, silt particle settling leg outside is provided with piezometer tube, piezometer tube perforate is arranged along vertical one-tenth one row of sedimentation post jamb, silt particle settling leg is provided with thief hole, and thief hole starts along the contour spiral layout of column outer wall from silt particle settling leg bottom; Probe tube is connected by seal cover with sampling cup, between sampling cup and piston type air pumping device, is connected by tube connector, and piston type air pumping device comprises handle and piston.
In the contour spiral layout of described thief hole, the vertical spacing 2 ~ 3cm of thief hole; Helix equation is: x=rcos θ; Y=rsin θ; Z=2 π r/ θ, wherein r is silt particle settling leg outer wall radius of a circle, and its span is 5 ~ 10cm, and θ is radian variable, and span is 0 ~ 2 π.
On the extract opening of piston type air pumping device, one way valve is set.
The outer pit aperture of thief hole arranges evagination hollow tube, is convenient to the unlatching in sealing and the in-situ sampling process in silt particle infall process; The internal diameter of thief hole is greater than the external diameter of probe tube, and probe tube horizontal section length is greater than settling leg inner radius values, and after guarantee probe tube inserts thief hole, nozzle position is positioned at settling leg center.
The using method of described silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment, comprises the steps:
1) silt particle settling leg is carried out silt particle settling test, and piezometer tube reads precipitated mud and sand internal void distribution of water pressure, and thief hole is filled sealing, can adopt rubber seal, ensures the sealing of silt particle settling leg in silt particle infall process;
2) step 1) silt particle settling test carries out sampling operation after completing, probe tube sealing is fixed on seal cover, sampling cup rim of a cup docks with seal cover after smearing vaseline, and be connected with piston type air pumping device extract opening by rubber tube, by handle, piston is pushed back to lowermost end, open one way valve;
3) take off the sealing (rubber) of the thief hole for the treatment of sample position, probe tube is inserted into silt particle settling leg central area, the handle of pull piston type air pumping device, reduce air pressure in sampling cup, make relevant position sedimentary clay sand sample in silt particle settling leg enter sampling cup along probe tube, when in piston type air pumping device, piston pull is to extreme position, closing one-way valve; By handle, piston is pushed back to initial position, open one way valve and continue a new round time pumping process;
4) after in sampling cup, silt particle sample is got completely, closing one-way valve, takes out probe tube, fills sealing thief hole simultaneously, completes primary sample process.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, in the vertical layout of thief hole, adopt isometric helix arrangement, can effectively avoid the fetch earth concentrations problem of position of each thief hole, adopt simultaneously under upper by hole sampling mode, effectively avoid the disturbing influence of single hole sampling operation to bottom thief hole silt particle soil sample;
2, probe tube horizontal section length is greater than settling leg radius, can ensure that sampling nozzle enters precipitated mud and sand central area in settling leg, extracts the most representative sedimentary clay sand sample.
3, sampling rim of a cup is unopened copy mouth, smear after vaseline can with seal cover closed butt joint, ensure the sealing during sampling cup is bled; Sampling cup volume is certain, and silt particle sample can directly obtain silt particle volume after getting and completely scabbling.
4, the piston type air pumping device mouth of pipe of bleeding arranges one way valve, can in handle piston pushes back process, ensure the relatively stable of air pressure in sampling cup, can complete smoothly taking out of air extractor and push away transfer process.
The advantage of apparatus of the present invention is accurately to locate different deposition position precipitated mud and sands, obtain relevant position silt particle sample, after sampler sealing, realize sedimentary clay sand sample and flow in sampling cup by taking out push piston formula air extractor, integrated operation is comparatively simple and practical effectively, is measured and is directly measured silt particle density by sampling cup volume and quality.This drawing out soil equipment can effectively improve reliability and the final test accuracy of sampled data in conjunction with silt particle settling column test.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure of description is silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment schematic diagram.
Wherein label: 1 silt particle settling leg; 2 piezometer tube; 3 thief holes; 4 sampling cups; 5 probe tubes; 6 seal covers; 7 piston type air pumping devices; 8 pistons; 9 handles; 10 one way valves.
Detailed description of the invention
The further illustrating silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment in conjunction with Figure of description:
Silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment is made up of silt particle settling leg 1, sampling cup 4, probe tube 5, piston type air pumping device 7, silt particle settling leg 1 outside is provided with piezometer tube 2, piezometer tube 2 perforates are arranged along vertical one-tenth one row of sedimentation post jamb, silt particle settling leg 1 is provided with thief hole 3, and thief hole 3 starts from silt particle settling leg 1 bottom along the contour spiral layout of column outer wall; The vertical spacing 2.0cm of thief hole; Helix equation is: x=rcos θ; Y=rsin θ; Z=2 π r/ θ, wherein r=7.0cm is silt particle settling leg outer wall radius of a circle, radian variable θ span is 0 ~ 2 π.Probe tube 5 is connected by seal cover 6 with sampling cup 4, between sampling cup 4 and piston type air pumping device 7, is connected by rubber tube, and piston type air pumping device comprises handle 9 and piston 8.One way valve 10 is set on the extract opening of piston type air pumping device 7.
The outer pit aperture of thief hole arranges evagination hollow tube, and the internal diameter of thief hole is greater than the internal diameter of probe tube, and probe tube horizontal section length is greater than settling leg inner radius values.
Silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment sampling operation main process is:
(1) in silt particle settling test, silt particle settling leg 1 is carried out silt particle settling test, and piezometer tube 2 reads precipitated mud and sand internal void distribution of water pressure, and thief hole 3 adopts rubber filling sealing, ensures the sealing of silt particle settling leg in silt particle infall process.
(2), after silt particle settling test completes, start sedimentary clay sand sample sampling operation.Probe tube 5 sealings are fixed on seal cover 6, and sampling cup 4 burr rims of a cup dock with seal cover 6 after smearing vaseline, and are connected with piston type air pumping device 7 extract openings by rubber tube, by handle 9, piston 8 are pushed back to lowermost end, open one way valve.
(3) take off the caulking gum of first thief hole 3 of silt particle settling leg 1 top, fast probe tube 5 is inserted into silt particle settling leg 1 central area by sample tap 3; Pull piston type air pumping device handle, reduces air pressure in sampling cup 4 simultaneously, makes sedimentary clay sand sample in relevant position in silt particle settling leg 1 enter sampling cup along probe tube 5.When in piston type air pumping device 1, piston 8 pulls are to extreme position, closing one-way valve 10, pushes back piston 8 to initial position by handle 9, opens one way valve 10 and starts a new round time pumping process.
(4) after in sampling cup 4, silt particle sample is got completely, closing one-way valve 10, takes out probe tube 5 fast, seals corresponding thief hole 3 with rubber filling simultaneously.Take off seal cover 6, scabble in sampling cup 4 end face on silt particle sample, weigh sampling cup 4 gross masses, obtain the interior silt particle quality of sampling cup 4 after deducting sampling cup 4 quality, directly calculate different sample location precipitated mud and sand saturated densities according to sampling cup 4 volumes.
(5) after silt particle density measurement completes, silt particle sample in sampling cup 1 is transferred in other containers and carries out further physical index (moisture content, grading analysis etc.) test, clean and dry sampling cup 1 and weigh after its quality, start the operation of new round sub-sampling.
Claims (4)
1. a silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment, it is characterized in that: formed by silt particle settling leg (1), sampling cup (4), probe tube (5), piston type air pumping device (7), silt particle settling leg (1) outside is provided with piezometer tube (2), piezometer tube (2) perforate is arranged along vertical one-tenth one row of settling leg, silt particle settling leg (1) is provided with thief hole (3), and thief hole (3) starts along the contour spiral layout of column outer wall from silt particle settling leg (1) bottom; Probe tube (5) is connected by seal cover (6) with sampling cup (4), between sampling cup (4) and piston type air pumping device (7), be connected by tube connector, piston type air pumping device (7) comprises handle (9) and piston (8);
In the contour spiral layout of wherein said thief hole (3), vertical spacing 2 ~ 3 cm of thief hole; Helix equation is:
x=rcos θ,
y=rsin θ,
z=2 π r/ θ, wherein
rfor silt particle settling leg outer wall radius of a circle, its span is 5 ~ 10 cm,
θfor radian variable, span is 0 ~ 2 π.
2. silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one way valve (10) is set on the extract opening of piston type air pumping device (7).
3. silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer pit aperture of thief hole (3) arranges evagination hollow tube, the internal diameter of thief hole (3) is greater than the external diameter of probe tube (5), and probe tube (5) horizontal section length is greater than settling leg inner radius values.
4. the using method of the silt particle settling column test original position drawing-in type drawing out soil equipment described in claim 1 ~ 3, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) silt particle settling leg (1) is carried out silt particle settling test, and piezometer tube (2) reads precipitated mud and sand internal void distribution of water pressure, and thief hole (3) is filled sealing;
2) step 1) silt particle settling test carries out sampling operation after completing, and by handle (9), piston (8) pushed back to lowermost end, opens one way valve (10);
3) take off the sealing of thief hole (3), probe tube (5) is inserted into silt particle settling leg (1) central area by thief hole (3), drawing handle (9), make relevant position sedimentary clay sand sample in silt particle settling leg (1) enter sampling cup (4) along probe tube (5), when in piston type air pumping device (1), piston (8) pull is to extreme position, closing one-way valve (10);
4) after silt particle sample is got completely in sampling cup (4), take out probe tube (5), fill sealing thief hole (3) simultaneously, complete primary sample process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210499026.6A CN102926371B (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | In-situ suction-type soil sampling device for mud sand settling column test and using method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210499026.6A CN102926371B (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | In-situ suction-type soil sampling device for mud sand settling column test and using method thereof |
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| CN102926371A CN102926371A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| CN102926371B true CN102926371B (en) | 2014-12-03 |
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| CN201210499026.6A Expired - Fee Related CN102926371B (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | In-situ suction-type soil sampling device for mud sand settling column test and using method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109738478A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-10 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | A kind of high-precision body frost heaving process automation monitoring system |
| CN110361227A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-22 | 河海大学 | Laboratory sediment settlement tests micro-disturbance sampler |
Citations (4)
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| CN1508528A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-30 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Soil Sampling device |
| CN101620037A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-06 | 河海大学 | Small perturbance stratified substrate sludge in-situ sampler and sampling method thereof |
| JP4787082B2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2011-10-05 | 基礎地盤コンサルタンツ株式会社 | Intrusive ground sampling device |
| JP4881929B2 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2012-02-22 | 株式会社絹田熔工 | Soil cement sampling tool |
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2012
- 2012-11-29 CN CN201210499026.6A patent/CN102926371B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1508528A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-30 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Soil Sampling device |
| JP4787082B2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2011-10-05 | 基礎地盤コンサルタンツ株式会社 | Intrusive ground sampling device |
| JP4881929B2 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2012-02-22 | 株式会社絹田熔工 | Soil cement sampling tool |
| CN101620037A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-06 | 河海大学 | Small perturbance stratified substrate sludge in-situ sampler and sampling method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 何洪涛等.分层抽取法在泥沙沉积过程中的应用研究.《岩土力学》.2011,第32卷(第8期),2371-2378. * |
| 分层抽取法在泥沙沉积过程中的应用研究;何洪涛等;《岩土力学》;20110831;第32卷(第8期);正文第2372-2374页及附图1-9 * |
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