CN102920731B - Composite preparation for killing gymnocypris prgewalskii ichthyophthirius multifiliis and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite preparation for killing gymnocypris prgewalskii ichthyophthirius multifiliis and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite preparation for killing gymnocypris prgewalskii ichthyophthirius multifiliis and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite preparation comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 68 to 72 percent of NaCl, 10 to 15 percent of MgCl2, 10 to 12 percent of Na2SO4, 0.2 to 1 percent of CaCl2, 1 to 5 percent of KCl and 0.4 to 0.6 percent of NaHCO3. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) filtering fresh water for dissolving the raw materials of the composite preparation, aerating fully and oxygenating for later use; and (2) dissolving the raw materials in a fresh water pond, aerating, and mixing uniformly to obtain the composite preparation. The composite preparation is non-toxic and environment-friendly; imagoes, cysticercus and larvae of the ichthyophthirius multifiliis which is parasitized to gymnocypris prgewalskii can be killed effectively by using the composite preparation scientifically, and the demand of preventing and controlling ichthyophthirius multifiliis in the process of culturing gymnocypris prgewalskii fingerlings is met; and a preparation process is simple and low in cost, and has a bright application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fish parasitic disease prevention and control field, particularly a kind of for killing compound formulation and preparation and the application of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii.
Background technology
Gymnocypris prezewalskii (Gymnocypris prgewalskii) is commonly called as Gymnocypris przewalskii, alepidote etc., belong to Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes), Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae), Schizothoracinae, Gymnocypris, can be in the anaerobic environment of high height above sea level growth and breeding, vitality is strong, the important economic fish of Qinghai Lake, in the core status of the whole ecosystem of Qinghai Lake.In recent years, due to the minimizing of Qinghai Lake nourishment source, cause decline, the lake surface atrophy of lake water water level, the increase of saline and alkaline, existence and procreation to aquatic feeding organism and Fish have caused serious threat, simultaneously due to artificial excessive fishing for, caused the sharply decline of Gymnocypris prezewalskii resource, Gymnocypris prezewalskii resource is faced with the danger of exhaustion.Within 2009, in " Chinese species Red List " vertebrates piece of writing, be listed in national second class protection Endangered species, protection naked carp resource is very urgent.
Because Gymnocypris prezewalskii body is few by scale, in fresh water total man work pond culture process, be easily subject to the parasitic infection such as little melonworm, lernaean, fish molds simultaneously.Wherein ichthyophthiriasis is a kind of parasitic disease of healing compared with refractory in Gymnocypris prezewalskii breeding process, once morbidity, mortality rate is very high.
Fresh water ichthyophthiriasis is to be parasitized on the body surface of various fresh-water fishes and pet fish and the gill and caused by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis), and when serious, whole skin and fin ray are covered with white encapsulation, are commonly called as " ichthyophthiriasis ".Little melonworm does not have strict host specificity, and ichthyophthiriasis has caused great harm to the cultivation of the economic fishs such as Cyprinus carpio, salmon, Ietalurus Punetaus, Anguillar japonica and fresh water pet fish at present.
The medicine of existing treatment ichthyophthiriasis mainly contains: the chemicalses such as formalin, potassium permanganate, copper sulfate, silver nitrate, methylene blue.These traditional chemicalses not only can cause environmental problem, and are easy to make pathogen to produce drug resistance.Because Gymnocypris prezewalskii is comparatively responsive to chemicalses such as formalin, the chemotherapy Gymnocypris prezewalskii ichthyophthiriasis effect of high concentration is poor simultaneously.Although have scholar to adopt certain density NaCl to treat ichthyophthiriasis, because monovalent cation has certain toxicity to Fish, often low concentration does not reach therapeutic effect yet, high concentration causes originally just falling ill weak fish kills.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of for killing compound formulation and preparation and the application of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, this compound preparation is nontoxic, to environment-friendly, science is used this compound formulation can effectively kill the parasitic little melonworm adult of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, encapsulation and larva, meets the needs of preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis in naked carp seed rearing process; Preparation technology is simple, and cost is low, has a good application prospect.
Of the present invention a kind of for killing the compound formulation of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, by weight percentage, the raw material of described compound formulation consists of: NaCl 68 ~ 72%, MgCl
210 ~ 15%, Na
2sO
410 ~ 12%, CaCl
20.2 ~ 1%, KCl1 ~ 5% and NaHCO
30.4 ~ 0.6%.
By weight percentage, the raw material of described compound formulation consists of: NaCl 70.37%, MgCl
214.96%, Na
2sO
411.79%, CaCl
20.29%, KCl 2.01%, NaHCO
30.58%.
Of the present invention a kind of for killing the preparation method of compound formulation of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, comprising:
(1) fresh water for dissolving compound formulation raw material is filtered, fully for subsequent use after aeration, oxygen supplement;
(2) raw materials by weight is dissolved in fresh-water pool successively, aeration, mix homogeneously, to obtain final product.
Fresh water in described step (1) is river or subsoil water.
Filtration in described step (1) is specially with 60 order silk cover filterings.
Of the present invention a kind of for killing the application of compound formulation of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) concentrate on storage pond, holding pond by infecting the Gymnocypris prezewalskii of little melonworm, guarantee sufficient dissolved oxygen with inflator pump, feeding not during treatment;
(2) in above-mentioned storage pond, holding pond, add compound formulation, first day makes water body Chinese medicine concentration reach 5ppt, within second day, starts to increase every day drug level, until domestication is to 15ppt;
(3) in therapeutic process, the little melonworm coming off from fish body surface takes away by the mode of changing water, and every day, rate of water exchange was not less than 50%, changes waterside number and is not less than 2 times;
(4) in the water body that is 15ppt at drug level, cultivate Gymnocypris prezewalskii 5-7 days, on microscopy body surface and the gill, without after little melonworm, drug level is down to 5ppt, and then be down in fresh water and cultivate.
The density of Gymnocypris prezewalskii in described step (1) in storage pond, holding pond is: the fingerling 500-800 tail/m of body weight 50-60 gram
2; Body weight is at the fingerling 1200-1500 tail/m of 10-15 gram
2.
The speed that increases drug level in described step (2) is to increase 2ppt every day.
The speed that reduces drug level in described step (4) is to reduce 2ppt every day.
The method is equally applicable to the prevention of Gymnocypris prezewalskii ichthyophthiriasis, transports or moves behind pond Gymnocypris prezewalskii, can adopt same Disinfection Methods, prevents and treats the infection of little melonworm.
beneficial effect
The present invention is nontoxic, to environment-friendly, science is used this compound formulation can effectively kill the parasitic little melonworm adult of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, encapsulation and larva, meets the needs of preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis in naked carp seed rearing process; Preparation technology is simple, and cost is low, has a good application prospect.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
(1) river for dissolving compound formulation raw material is filtered, fully for subsequent use after aeration, oxygen supplement;
(2) by raw materials by weight (NaCl 70.37%, MgCl
214.96%, Na
2sO
411.79%, CaCl
20.29%, KCl 2.01%, NaHCO
30.58%) be dissolved in successively in fresh-water pool aeration, mix homogeneously;
(3) Gymnocypris prezewalskii of the little melonworm of severe infection (body surface has more than 20 small particles) is concentrated on to 2.5m
2circular experiment pool in, density 500 tails/m
2, guarantee sufficient dissolved oxygen with inflator pump, feeding not during treatment;
(4) in circular storage pond, holding pond, add compound formulation, first day directly makes drug level reach 5ppt, and beginning in second day is advisable to increase 2ppt every day, within 5 days, tames afterwards 15ppt;
(5) in medicine domestication process, change the water of 50% same medicine concentration every day, change water every day 2 times, the little melonworm coming off from fish body surface is taken away;
(6) in the water body that is 15ppt at drug level, cultivate Gymnocypris prezewalskii 5 days, after 2 days, ectozoa obviously reduces; After 5 days, on body surface and the gill, parasite disappears substantially, and 96%-100% polypide is killed.Polypide is down to 5ppt with the amplitude that reduces 2ppt every day by drug level after disappearing, and then is down in fresh water and cultivates.The survival rate of the Gymnocypris prezewalskii of the little melonworm of therapeutic process moderate and severe infection reaches more than 70%.
Claims (5)
1. for killing a compound formulation for the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, it is characterized in that: by weight percentage, the raw material of described compound formulation consists of: NaCl68～72%, MgCl
210～15%, Na
2sO
410～12%, CaCl
20.2～1%, KCl1～5% and NaHCO
30.4～0.6%.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of for killing the compound formulation of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, it is characterized in that: by weight percentage, the raw material of described compound formulation consists of: NaCl70.37%, MgCl
214.96%, Na
2sO
411.79%, CaCl
20.29%, KCl2.01%, NaHCO
30.58%.
3. as claimed in claim 1 for killing the preparation method of compound formulation for the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, comprising:
(1) fresh water for dissolving compound formulation raw material is filtered, fully for subsequent use after aeration, oxygen supplement;
(2) raw materials by weight is dissolved in fresh-water pool successively, aeration, mix homogeneously, to obtain final product.
4. according to claim 3 a kind of for killing the preparation method of compound formulation of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, it is characterized in that: the fresh water in described step (1) is river or subsoil water.
5. according to claim 3 a kind of for killing the preparation method of compound formulation of the little melonworm of Gymnocypris prezewalskii, it is characterized in that: the filtration in described step (1) is specially with 60 order silk cover filterings.
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