CN102918968B - A kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice and synchronous sowing rice transplanting method - Google Patents
A kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice and synchronous sowing rice transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice, comprise frame, ditching, ridging device, seeding apparatus, seedling-transplanting device and actuating unit; Ditching, ridging device, seeding apparatus, seedling-transplanting device are relative with frame with actuating unit fixing; Ditching, ridging device is positioned at the front of seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device; The output of actuating unit connects with seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device respectively.The invention still further relates to a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanting method for breeding of hybrid rice.It is simple that the present invention has structure, and economize energy, effectively improves seed production efficiency, accurately controls the advantage of male parent, maternal flower synchronization, belongs to agricultural mechanical field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical field, particularly relate to a kind of breeding of hybrid rice planting machinery.
Background technology
Paddy rice is the first cereal crops of China, long-term Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area 3,000 ten thousand hm
2left and right, wherein hybrid rice cultivated area accounts for 57%.Hybrid rice is the technological achievement of China's most intellectual property, is an important breakthrough in world's rice breeding history, brings and once leaps, achieve huge social and economic benefits to the Rice Production in the world.Because the excellent genes of hybrid rice is heterozygote, there will be trait segregation in its self progeny, result can cause the underproduction, so hybrid rice needs the annual production of hybrid seeds.After Yuan Longping successfully studies breeding technology for hybrid rice, the output of hybrid rice has had one significantly to improve, but adopts conventional manual's seed production way that hybrid rice Parent is sowed respectively, transplanted respectively, and operation is loaded down with trivial details, cost is higher, constrains the development of hybrid rice.In recent years, along with rural laborer shifts in a large number, recruitment expense increases substantially, and breeding cost improves greatly.If transplanted not in time, hybrid seed yield and seed production quality all can be affected.
Breeding of hybrid rice male parent and maternal there is certain sowing gap stage, male parent and maternal flower synchronization influence factor more, this brings difficulty just to the hybrid rice mechanization production of hybrid seeds.More domestic scientific research institutions are studied hybrid rice mixed seeding mechanization seeding technique, in hybrid rice seeds production process, sow after Parent seed according to a certain percentage Homogeneous phase mixing before planting, rice mechanization production method carries out seedling, transplanting (or live) and field management routinely.In addition, more domestic R&D institutions are also studied maternal water direct seeding technology, but major part still adopts artificial broadcast or dirlling by seeder, and mainly concentrates on the research of agronomic technique aspect.
Up to the present, there is not yet a kind of mechanized cultivation producing method for seed and the facility that can complete male parent and the female parent with sowing gap stage simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problem existed in prior art, the object of the invention is: provide a kind of and mechanization simultaneously can intercut the male parent rice shoot and maternal bud kind with sowing gap stage, accurately control a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice of male parent and maternal flower synchronization and synchronous sowing rice transplanting method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
For a synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice, comprise frame, ditching, ridging device, seeding apparatus, seedling-transplanting device and actuating unit; Ditching, ridging device, seeding apparatus, seedling-transplanting device are relative with frame with actuating unit fixing; Ditching, ridging device is positioned at the front of seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device; The output of actuating unit connects with seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device respectively.
Seeding apparatus comprises at least two seeding-apparatus assemblies and a crossbeam, and seeding-apparatus assembly is uniformly distributed on crossbeam, and crossbeam is fixed in frame.
Ditching, ridging device comprises slide plate, retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough, rice transplanting ditch plough and mud guard; Slide plate comprises the circular arc portion being positioned at front end and the plate part connected with circular arc portion; Retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and rice transplanting ditch plough are arranged on the below of plate part; Mud guard has two pieces, lays respectively at the both sides of slide plate, and before the front end of mud guard is positioned at slide plate.
Seedling-transplanting device comprises transplanting mechanism, transplanting mechanism chain transmission case, seedlings sending mechanism, seedling case and base; Transplanting mechanism, transplanting mechanism chain transmission case, seedlings sending mechanism and seedling case are fixed on base, and front end and the crossbeam of base are threaded connection; Transplanting mechanism, seedlings sending mechanism and seedling case set gradually; The transplanting mechanism chain transmission case of transferring power connects with transplanting mechanism and seedlings sending mechanism respectively.
A kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice also comprises power chassis; Actuating unit comprises power input gear case, sowing transmission device and rice transplanting transmission device; The output shaft of power chassis connects with the power shaft of power input gear case, and the output shaft of power input gear case connects respectively with sowing transmission device and rice transplanting transmission device, and sowing transmission device connects seeding apparatus, and rice transplanting transmission device patches seedlings device.
Power chassis is connected with the connecting hole arranged in the middle part of crossbeam by three-point hitch.
Slide plate is arranged on crossbeam by two bearings; Retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and rice transplanting ditch plough are threaded connection the bottom being fixed on slide plate; Slide plate arranges a rice transplanting ditch plough just right with seedling-transplanting device along the middle part of left and right directions; Seed furrow plough has multiple, is divided into two groups and is symmetrical set centered by rice transplanting ditch plough, and a seed furrow plough is just to a seeding-apparatus assembly; A retaining ditch plough is set between every two seed furrow ploughs.
Seeding-apparatus assembly comprises a kind case for the seeding-apparatus assembly monomer and a stored seed of discharging seed, plants case and seeding-apparatus assembly monomer is fixed on crossbeam respectively by being threaded; Plant case be positioned at the top of seeding unit total monomer and communicate with seeding-apparatus assembly monomer.
For a synchronous sowing rice transplanting method for breeding of hybrid rice, use a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice; After ditching, ridging device outputs retaining ditch, seed furrow and rice transplanting ditch simultaneously, seeding apparatus is live maternal bud kind in seed furrow, and seedling-transplanting device inserts male parent rice shoot in rice transplanting ditch.
For a synchronous sowing rice transplanting method for breeding of hybrid rice, actuating unit sends power to seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device simultaneously, drives seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device synchronization job.
Generally speaking, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. structure is simple, synchronously can realize the rice transplanting of male parent rice shoot and the sowing of maternal bud kind, easy to operate, accurately controls male parent and maternal flower synchronization.
2. power chassis provides power, economize energy for seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device simultaneously.
3. trench digging, sowing, rice transplanting synchronously complete, and effectively improve seed production efficiency.
4. structure flat after circle before slide plate, can broadcast insert before realize flat field and wheel ditch covers.
5. the quantitative proportion of reasonable arrangement seeding-apparatus assembly and seedling-transplanting device, can control the optimal proportion of maternal bud kind and male parent rice shoot, effectively improve output.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the exploded view of ditching, ridging device.
Fig. 4 is the rearview of seeding apparatus.
Fig. 5 is the end view of seedling-transplanting device.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of actuating unit.
Wherein, 1 is ditching, ridging device, 2 is seeding apparatus, 3 is seedling-transplanting device, 4 is actuating unit, 11 is slide plate, 12 is retaining ditch plough, 13 is seed furrow plough, 14 is rice transplanting ditch plough, 15 is bearing, 16 is mud guard, 21 is seeding-apparatus assembly monomer, 22 is crossbeam, 23 is kind of a case, 31 is transplanting mechanism, 311 is seedling pawl, 32 is transplanting mechanism chain transmission case, 33 is seedling case slide rail, 341 move case device for horizontal seedling sending cam axle type, 342 is longitudinal rubber conveyer belt, 35 is seedling case, 36 is seedling case slide bar, 37 is base, 41 is intermediate chain wheel, 42 is central links, 43 is intermediate chain wheel, 44 is central links, 45 is intermediate chain wheel, 46 is idler gear, 47 is idler gear, 48 is power input gear case, 49 is intermediate chain wheel.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice comprises: frame, power chassis, ditching, ridging device 1, seeding apparatus 2, seedling-transplanting device 3 and actuating unit 4.Ditching, ridging device 1, seeding apparatus 2, seedling-transplanting device 3 and actuating unit 4 are arranged in frame; Ditching, ridging device 1 is positioned at the front of seeding apparatus 2 and seedling-transplanting device 3.The output of actuating unit 4 connects with seeding apparatus 2 and seedling-transplanting device 3 respectively.
Shown in Fig. 4, seeding apparatus 2 comprises a crossbeam 22 and eight seeding-apparatus assemblies.Crossbeam 22 is fixed in frame along left and right directions.Seeding-apparatus assembly comprises a kind case 23 for the seeding-apparatus assembly monomer 21 and a stored seed of discharging seed, plants case 23 and seeding-apparatus assembly monomer 21 is fixed on respectively by being threaded on crossbeam 22; Plant case 23 be positioned at the top of seeding unit total monomer 21 and communicate with seeding-apparatus assembly monomer 21, thus seed exports through seeding-apparatus assembly monomer 21 from kind of case 23, regulate seeding-apparatus assembly monomer 21, the quantity that controlled production of hybrid seeds exports.Seeding-apparatus assembly is distributed on the both sides of crossbeam 22, four, the every limit of the right and left, seeding-apparatus assembly with one side is that narrow row installs (line-spacing 15-20 centimetre), and the middle seeding-apparatus assembly being positioned at different edge is that wide row installs (line-spacing is 60-80 centimetre), to install seedling-transplanting device in wide row.Seeding-apparatus assembly adopts the mode of precision rice direct-seeder, and seeding quantity is 3-6 grain/cave, broadcasting in seed furrow of cavitation of maternal bud kind being embarked on journey.The present invention can complete the live of the maternal bud kind of eight row hybrid rice simultaneously, meets the agriculture requirement of " the little amount of broadcasting, the narrow-row drilling " of planting of maternal breeding of hybrid rice.
Ditching, ridging device shown in Fig. 3 comprises: slide plate 11, ten retaining ditch ploughs 12, eight seed furrow ploughs 13, rice transplanting ditch plough 14 and mud guard 16.Slide plate 11 comprises the circular arc portion being positioned at front end and the plate part being positioned at rear end connected with circular arc portion; Retaining ditch plough 12, seed furrow plough 13 and rice transplanting ditch plough 14 are all threaded connection the below being arranged on plate part; Slide plate 11 is arranged on crossbeam 22 by two bearings 15; Flat field and covering rut before slide plate 11 can realize broadcasting and insert.Mud guard 16 has two pieces, lays respectively at the both sides of slide plate 11, and before the front end of mud guard 16 is positioned at slide plate 11.Slide plate 11 arranges a rice transplanting ditch plough 14 just right with seedling-transplanting device 3 along the middle part of left and right directions.Every four, the limit of seed furrow plough 13, be symmetrical set centered by rice transplanting ditch plough 14, a seed furrow plough 13 is just to a seeding-apparatus assembly.Arrange a retaining ditch plough 12 between every two seed furrow ploughs 13, the outside being positioned at the seed furrow plough 13 of outermost is respectively provided with a retaining ditch plough 12, and the inner side being positioned at seed furrow plough 13 is respectively provided with a retaining ditch plough 12.The retaining ditch ditch depth that retaining ditch plough 12 is outputed is 5 centimetres, and furrow width is 4-6 centimetre; The seed furrow ditch depth that seed furrow plough 13 is outputed is 3 centimetres, and furrow width is 3-4 centimetre; The rice transplanting ditch ditch depth that rice transplanting ditch plough 14 is outputed is 5 centimetres, and furrow width is 8-12 centimetre.During the operation of ditching, ridging device, a rice transplanting ditch can be outputed, eight seed furrows and ten retaining ditches simultaneously.
Seedling-transplanting device 3 shown in Fig. 5 comprises transplanting mechanism 31, transplanting mechanism chain transmission case 32, seedlings sending mechanism, seedling case 35 and base 37.Transplanting mechanism 31, transplanting mechanism chain transmission case 32, seedlings sending mechanism and seedling case 35 are fixed on base 37, and front end and the crossbeam 22 of base 37 are threaded connection; Transplanting mechanism 31, seedlings sending mechanism and seedling case 35 set gradually; The transplanting mechanism chain transmission case 32 of transferring power connects with transplanting mechanism 31 and seedlings sending mechanism respectively.Transplanting mechanism 31 adopts High Rotation Speed planetary gear type, and adopt the mode of single file rice transplanting, the seedling pawl 311 of transplanting mechanism 31 is positioned at machine middle, for the synchronous rice transplanting of breeding of hybrid rice 10-30 days length of time rice seedlings grow male parent rice shoots.Transplanting mechanism 31 is for seedling taking and rice transplanting.Seedlings sending mechanism adopts horizontal seedling sending cam axle type to move the horizontal seedling sending of case device 341 and longitudinal rubber conveyer belt 342 vertical seedlings sending.The effect of seedlings sending mechanism moves left and right as seedling case 35 powered actuation mechanism pushing away seedling with rice shoot downwards.Transplanting mechanism chain transmission case 32 is power-transmitting parts of transplanting mechanism 31 and seedlings sending mechanism.Seedling case 35 adopts monomer structure, and seedling case 35 inner width is mate with standard seedling dish, and seedling case 35 moves back and forth on seedling case slide rail 33 and seedling case slide bar 36.The effect of seedling case 35 is dress rice shoots.
Actuating unit shown in Fig. 6 comprises: power input gear case 48, sowing transmission device and rice transplanting transmission device.The output shaft of power chassis connects with the power shaft of power input gear case 48, and the output shaft of power input gear case 48 connects respectively with sowing transmission device and rice transplanting transmission device, and sowing transmission device connects seeding apparatus, and rice transplanting transmission device patches seedlings device.Sowing transmission device comprises some idler gears and axle.Rice transplanting transmission device comprises some intermediate chain wheels, central links, transplanting mechanism chain transmission case and axle.The Power output of power chassis is coupling the power shaft of power input gear case 48, and the output of power input gear case 48 is coupling idler gear 47 and intermediate chain wheel 45.On the one hand, idler gear 47 drives idler gear 46 to rotate, and power is transmitted seeding-apparatus assembly monomer 21 by idler gear 46.On the other hand, intermediate chain wheel 45 drives the intermediate chain wheel 49 on the power input shaft of transplanting mechanism chain transmission case 32 to rotate by central links 44, intermediate chain wheel 49 drives transplanting mechanism chain transmission case 32 to operate, the power of transplanting mechanism chain transmission case 32 is while be transmitted to the seedling pawl 311 of transplanting mechanism 31, another side is transmitted to intermediate chain wheel 41, intermediate chain wheel 41 drives intermediate chain wheel 43 to rotate by central links 42, and intermediate chain wheel 43 drives horizontal seedling sending cam axle type to move case device 341 action.
The power of seeding apparatus 2 and seedling-transplanting device 3 and power chassis are walked power synchronous, and by the adjustment of spacing in the rows governor motion that power chassis is arranged, within the specific limits adjustable (10-20 centimetre), and both ensure synchronously for sowing cave distance and rice transplanting spacing in the rows.Power base plate is connected on the connecting hole of setting in the middle part of crossbeam 22 by three-point hitch.
During operation, ditching, ridging device first outputs retaining ditch, seed furrow and rice transplanting ditch simultaneously, and then seeding apparatus live maternal bud kind in seed furrow, seedling-transplanting device inserts male parent rice shoot in rice transplanting ditch.Actuating unit sends power to seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device simultaneously, drives seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device synchronization job.Present invention achieves the synchronization job of the rice shoot rice transplanting of breeding of hybrid rice male parent and the sowing of maternal bud kind, accurately control male parent and maternal flower synchronization, solve the breeding of hybrid rice planting mechanization problem of Parent sowing gap stage within the scope of 10-30 days.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. for a synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice, it is characterized in that: comprise frame, ditching, ridging device, seeding apparatus, seedling-transplanting device and actuating unit; Ditching, ridging device, seeding apparatus, seedling-transplanting device are relative with frame with actuating unit fixing; Ditching, ridging device is positioned at the front of seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device; The output of actuating unit connects with seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device respectively;
Described seeding apparatus comprises at least two seeding-apparatus assemblies and a crossbeam, and seeding-apparatus assembly is uniformly distributed on crossbeam, and crossbeam is fixed in frame;
Described ditching, ridging device comprises slide plate, retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough, rice transplanting ditch plough and mud guard; Slide plate comprises the circular arc portion being positioned at front end and the plate part connected with circular arc portion; Retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and rice transplanting ditch plough are arranged on the below of plate part; Mud guard has two pieces, lays respectively at the both sides of slide plate, and before the front end of mud guard is positioned at slide plate;
Described seedling-transplanting device comprises transplanting mechanism, transplanting mechanism chain transmission case, seedlings sending mechanism, seedling case and base; Transplanting mechanism, transplanting mechanism chain transmission case, seedlings sending mechanism and seedling case are fixed on base, and front end and the crossbeam of base are threaded connection; Transplanting mechanism, seedlings sending mechanism and seedling case set gradually; The transplanting mechanism chain transmission case of transferring power connects with transplanting mechanism and seedlings sending mechanism respectively;
A kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice also comprises power chassis; Actuating unit comprises power input gear case, sowing transmission device and rice transplanting transmission device; The output shaft of power chassis connects with the power shaft of power input gear case, and the output shaft of power input gear case connects respectively with sowing transmission device and rice transplanting transmission device, and sowing transmission device connects seeding apparatus, and rice transplanting transmission device patches seedlings device;
Described slide plate is arranged on crossbeam by two bearings; Retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and rice transplanting ditch plough are threaded connection the bottom being fixed on slide plate; Slide plate arranges a rice transplanting ditch plough just right with seedling-transplanting device along the middle part of left and right directions; Seed furrow plough has multiple, is divided into two groups and is symmetrical set centered by rice transplanting ditch plough, and a seed furrow plough is just to a seeding-apparatus assembly; A retaining ditch plough is set between every two seed furrow ploughs;
A described seeding-apparatus assembly comprises a kind case for the seeding-apparatus assembly monomer and a stored seed of discharging seed, plants case and seeding-apparatus assembly monomer is fixed on crossbeam respectively by being threaded; Plant case be positioned at the top of seeding unit total monomer and communicate with seeding-apparatus assembly monomer.
2., according to a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power chassis is connected with the connecting hole arranged in the middle part of crossbeam by three-point hitch.
3. for a synchronous sowing rice transplanting method for breeding of hybrid rice, it is characterized in that: use a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanter for breeding of hybrid rice described in claim 1 or 2; After ditching, ridging device outputs retaining ditch, seed furrow and rice transplanting ditch simultaneously, seeding apparatus is live maternal bud kind in seed furrow, and seedling-transplanting device inserts male parent rice shoot in rice transplanting ditch.
4. according to a kind of synchronous sowing rice transplanting method for breeding of hybrid rice according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described actuating unit sends power to seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device simultaneously, drive seeding apparatus and seedling-transplanting device synchronization job.
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| CN103314685A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-09-25 | 重庆博沃发动机配件制造有限公司 | Drag harrow for small-sized rice transplanter |
| CN103392426B (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-05-06 | 重庆博沃发动机配件制造有限公司 | Small rice transplanter carriage |
| CN103858573A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-06-18 | 盐城瑞升齿轮有限公司 | Seedling conveying device of high-speed transplanter |
| JP6249854B2 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2017-12-20 | 株式会社クボタ | Work equipment |
| JP6385099B2 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2018-09-05 | 株式会社クボタ | Work equipment |
| CN106852212A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-06-16 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of paddy rice Pneumatic type hill-drop drill |
| CN106888641B (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2023-03-31 | 江西农业大学 | Step type rice pot seedling transplanter |
| CN112088627A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-18 | 华南农业大学 | Power transmission device of male parent transplanting female parent direct seeding machine for hybrid rice seed production |
| CN112020952A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-04 | 华南农业大学 | Synchronous precision direct seeding method and machine for hybrid rice seed production |
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