CN102890992B - A kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material - Google Patents
A kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102890992B CN102890992B CN201110120041.0A CN201110120041A CN102890992B CN 102890992 B CN102890992 B CN 102890992B CN 201110120041 A CN201110120041 A CN 201110120041A CN 102890992 B CN102890992 B CN 102890992B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material, comprise at least one sheet of material, each sheet of material comprises plate shape substrates and attachment man-made microstructure on the substrate, and described substrate is made up of transparent material, and described man-made microstructure is the Al-Doped ZnO film with geometrical pattern.Transparent material selected by substrate, and transparent as the Al-Doped ZnO film of man-made microstructure while also there is excellent electrical conductance, therefore, it is possible to produce response to visible ray, thus cause visible ray to converge, disperse, deviation etc., thus the range of application of artificial electromagnetic material is widened visible regime from microwave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to artificial electromagnetic material field, more particularly, relate to a kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material.
Background technology
Artificial electromagnetic material, also known as Meta Materials, is a kind of novel artificial synthetic material that can produce response to electromagnetism, is made up of substrate and the man-made microstructure be attached on substrate.What be generally that metal wire is arranged into due to man-made microstructure has certain geometric structure, therefore, it is possible to produce response to electromagnetic wave, thus make artificial electromagnetic material entirety embody the electromagnetic property being different from substrate, such electromagnetic property can realize the irrealizable specific function of current material, such as realize electromagnetic convergence, disperse, can be used on the electromagnetic communication such as antenna, radar field.
Artificial electromagnetic material can be applied on various electromagnetic wave in theory, but existing application is usually only in electromagnetic communication fields such as microwaves, and is inoperative to visible ray, and this is limited by the selection of substrate and man-made microstructure.Solve the problem utilizing artificial electromagnetic material to converge, disperse visible ray, the range of application of artificial electromagnetic material can be expanded to visible light frequency band.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the defect of prior art, provides a kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material, comprise at least one sheet of material, each sheet of material comprises plate shape substrates and attachment man-made microstructure on the substrate, described substrate is made up of transparent material, and described man-made microstructure is the Al-Doped ZnO film with geometrical pattern.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, the light transmittance of described Al-Doped ZnO film is greater than 80%.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, the thickness of described Al-Doped ZnO film is between 50 ~ 1000nm.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, described man-made microstructure is " work " font.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, described man-made microstructure is two-dimentional snowflake type or three-dimensional snowflake type.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, described substrate is transparent polymer material.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, described substrate is polymethyl methacrylate.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, described substrate is transparent polyurethane, polyethylene, PETG or polyvinyl chloride.
In transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, the size of described man-made microstructure is less than 1/10th of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave that will respond.
Implement transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: transparent material selected by substrate, and transparent as the Al-Doped ZnO film of man-made microstructure while also there is excellent electrical conductance, therefore, it is possible to produce response to visible ray, thus cause visible ray to converge, disperse, deviation etc., thus the range of application of artificial electromagnetic material is widened visible regime from microwave.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the transparent artificial electromagnetic material of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a material cell of the transparent artificial electromagnetic material shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the electromagnetic schematic diagram of the deviation of transparent artificial electromagnetic material shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material, as shown in Figure 1, comprise at least one sheet of material 1, when sheet of material 1 has multiple, it is superimposed as one along the x direction perpendicular to surface.The plate shape substrates 3 that sheet of material 1 comprises even uniform thickness and the multiple man-made microstructure 4 be attached on plate shape substrates 3.Plate shape substrates 3 is divided into virtually multiple identical side's bodily form grid, each grid is a base board unit 30, and make each base board unit 30 is attached with a man-made microstructure 4, then the man-made microstructure 4 of each base board unit 30 and upper attachment thereof jointly forms a material cell 2, whole sheet of material 1 can be regarded as by multiple material cell 2 with z direction be row, with y direction for arranging the first array formed.Here square bodily form grid, the size freely divided arbitrarily can be had, be preferably in the present invention that the length in y, z direction is 1/10th of the electromagnetic wavelength that will respond, the length in x direction is equal with the thickness in the x direction of plate shape substrates 3, the man-made microstructure size be therefore attached on base material unit is less than 1/10th of the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave.Certainly, the length in its x, y, z direction of material cell of the present invention is between 1/1 to two/5th of electromagnetic wavelength.
The concrete structure of material cell 2 as shown in Figure 2, comprises a base board unit 30 and the man-made microstructure 4 be attached on this base board unit 30 surface.Man-made microstructure 4 is for having the film of certain geometrical pattern, and such as, in the present embodiment, man-made microstructure 4 is " work " font of plane, comprises linear first straight line and is vertically connected on two second straight lines at the first straight line two ends respectively.
Man-made microstructure 4 also can be other shapes, and as the two-dimentional snowflake type of plane, it comprises two and mutually intersects vertically into first straight line of " ten " font and be vertically connected on four second straight lines at each first straight line two ends respectively.
Man-made microstructure 4 also can be three-dimensional three-dimensional snowflake type, comprises three between two vertically and send to the first straight line of any mutually and be vertically connected on the six roots of sensation second straight line at each first straight line two ends respectively.Three-dimensional man-made microstructure 4 is attached to substrate 3 inside by certain processing technology.
Certainly, man-made microstructure 4 of the present invention also has multiple implementation, as long as be there is certain geometric figure by what can produce that the material film silk thread that make of response forms to electromagnetic field thus produced to electromagnetic field the structure that namely response changes electromagnetic nature, all can be used as man-made microstructure 4 of the present invention and be attached to substrate 3 on the surface or to embed substrate 3 inner thus form material cell 2 of the present invention.
Each base board unit 30 and on man-made microstructure 4 jointly determine dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of the material cell 2 that they are formed, according to formula
known, known dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, can obtain refractive index n, and refractive index size represents the influence degree to Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction.Therefore, by designing the shape, size etc. of each man-made microstructure 4, changing dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of each material cell 2, and then obtaining specific refraction index profile, electromagnetic deviation can be realized, converge, disperse.
Existing artificial electromagnetic material, its man-made microstructure 4 selects the non-ferrous metal of the material such as silver, copper usually, because the metals such as silver, copper are good conductor, surface plasma bulk effect is formed in its metal structure surface, good conductor can excite as much as possible and strengthen this effect, thus sensitiveer to electromagnetic response, effect is stronger.
Substrate 3 needs to select those not respond electromagnetic wave, does not affect electromagnetic wave or affect as far as possible little material, and namely dielectric constant and magnetic permeability must as far as possible close to 1, and the usual Ceramics of existing artificial electromagnetic material is as baseplate material.
Under the acting in conjunction of man-made microstructure 4 and base board unit 30, artificial electromagnetic material has embodied the characteristic that general nature circle material does not have in electromagnetic property, and as material with negative refractive index, wave beam converges, and wave beam deflects, the characteristics such as beam parallel.And by these physical characteristics, extend and much new application, as communication, optics, device miniaturization, the fields such as detection.
But because man-made microstructure 4 and substrate 3 are opaque material, therefore existing artificial electromagnetic material is mainly used in microwave band, can not produce effect to visible ray.As herein described transparent, refer to that light transmittance reaches more than 80%.
One of innovative point of the present invention is, selects transparent material such as, as substrate 3, transparent organic polymer material etc.In preferred embodiment, transparent organic glass selected by substrate 3 of the present invention, i.e. polymethyl methacrylate, English abbreviation PMMA.Other transparent organic polymer materials that can be used as substrate 3 can also be transparent polyurethane, polyethylene (PE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), PETG (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) etc.
The dielectric constant of these materials is all not high, be selected between 1 ~ 5, and magnetic permeability is all 1 substantially, meets the premise calls as substrate 3.Meanwhile, these materials, by the manufacturing process of prior art, all can realize transparent or semitransparent, make visible light-transmissive.
Two of innovative point of the present invention is, further, man-made microstructure 4 also selects transparent or semitransparent material, and the present invention selects Al-Doped ZnO film.
Al-Doped ZnO (being abbreviated as ZAO) film, in ZnO system, doped chemical Al gets.ZnO film has numerous crystal grain of C axle preferential growth, and each crystal grain is in well-grown hexagon Pb-Zn deposits structure.ZnO crystal is that the hexagonal closs packing of oxygen is oppositely nested with the hexagonal closs packing of zinc.The film of this structure has transparent conductivity, but resistance value is high.In ZnO after doped with Al, can form ZAO film, resistivity reduces greatly, thus has good electric conductivity, and the stability of film also improves greatly simultaneously.
Al-Doped ZnO film is at thickness usually between 50 ~ 1000nm, and be clear, colorless, light transmittance can reach 90%.Owing to having good electricity conductibility, therefore can substitute silver, copper to manufacture man-made microstructure to produce response to electromagnetic wave as conductive film, meanwhile, the application of artificial electromagnetic material can be widened to visible ray by microwave regime by good light transmission.
When manufacture of intraocular electromagnetic material; the first obtained substrate 3 be made up of macromolecular materials such as transparent organic glass; enclose layer protecting film on the substrate 3; and diaphragm has shape identical with man-made microstructure engrave hole; with vapour deposition method, ZAO is deposited on diaphragm; and the ZAO engraving bore portion will be attached directly on substrate 3; then diaphragm is thrown off; the substrate of the man-made microstructure being attached with ZAO film can be obtained; also an i.e. obtained sheet of material 1, is finally encapsulated into one piece of complete artificial electromagnetic material by multiple sheet of material 1.
Certainly, Al-Doped ZnO film of the present invention also can be attached to by other means on base material 3 to form man-made microstructure 4, and the method preparing Al-Doped ZnO film of prior art is all in the present invention available, in order to prepare the man-made microstructure of Al-Doped ZnO.
Because substrate 3 and man-made microstructure 4 are transparent material, therefore such artificial electromagnetic material can be used for visible regime, has expanded application and the scope of artificial electromagnetic material greatly, has had important scientific research value and economic worth.
Such as, design a transparent artificial synthetic material, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, all identical with each row man-made microstructure in y direction in the x-direction, and its shape geometric similarity of each row man-made microstructure in the z-direction, and size reduces gradually, make refractive index constant along x, y direction, and refractive index in the z-direction reduce gradually.The sheet of material 1 meeting such refraction index profile can realize electromagnetic deviation, as shown in Figure 3, incides the electromagnetic wave transparent artificial synthetic material from the place that refractive index is little, by the large local deviation of refractive index.
Certainly, by designing the man-made microstructure 4 of each material cell 2, various refraction index profile can be realized, and then realize electromagnetic wave deflection achieved by common artificial electromagnetic material, other functions such as to disperse.But the present invention is owing to adopting transparent substrate 3 and man-made microstructure 4, electromagnetic wave is widened visible light frequency band by microwave band, it is the progress of revolution, be conducive to alternative traditional optical element as convex lens, concave mirror etc., and sheet of material 1 of the present invention is surface plate, complex-curved without the need to designing convex surface or concave surface etc. especially, enormously simplify design and the course of processing, can effectively reduce design, manufacturing cost.
Therefore; by reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; instead of restrictive, those of ordinary skill in the art, under enlightenment of the present invention, is not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect; also can make a lot of form, these all belong within protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a transparent artificial electromagnetic material, comprise at least one sheet of material, each sheet of material comprises plate shape substrates and attachment man-made microstructure on the substrate, it is characterized in that, described substrate is made up of transparent material, and described man-made microstructure is the Al-Doped ZnO film with geometrical pattern; Wherein, described man-made microstructure is on the substrate in matrix distribution; And along in this row matrix or column direction, the size constancy of the described man-made microstructure that the size of the described man-made microstructure that one of them direction distributes reduces gradually, another direction distributes, the size of described man-made microstructure is less than 1/10th of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave that will respond.
2. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the light transmittance of described Al-Doped ZnO film is greater than 80%.
3. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described Al-Doped ZnO film is between 50 ~ 1000nm.
4. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the geometrical pattern of described man-made microstructure is " work " font.
5. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the geometrical pattern of described man-made microstructure is two-dimentional snowflake type or three-dimensional snowflake type.
6. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described substrate is transparent polymer material.
7. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described substrate is polymethyl methacrylate.
8. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described substrate is transparent polyurethane, polyethylene.
9. transparent artificial electromagnetic material according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described substrate is PETG or polyvinyl chloride.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110120041.0A CN102890992B (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | A kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material |
| US13/635,863 US9268062B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-27 | Artificial electromagnetic material |
| EP11860700.1A EP2544029B1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-27 | Artificial dielectric material |
| PCT/CN2011/081389 WO2012139368A1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-27 | Artificial dielectric material |
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| CN201110120041.0A CN102890992B (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | A kind of transparent artificial electromagnetic material |
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| CN102890992A CN102890992A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
| CN102890992B true CN102890992B (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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| CN105048028B (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2019-08-06 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of terahertz filter and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101597810A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2009-12-09 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method of polypropylene/doped oxide composite functional fiber |
| CN101694558A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2010-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Metamaterial structure for modulating terahertz wave |
| CN201450116U (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2010-05-05 | 东南大学 | Lens antenna with wide frequency band, high gain and good directionality |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9030286B2 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2015-05-12 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Metamaterials with terahertz response and methods of making same |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201450116U (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2010-05-05 | 东南大学 | Lens antenna with wide frequency band, high gain and good directionality |
| CN101597810A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2009-12-09 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method of polypropylene/doped oxide composite functional fiber |
| CN101694558A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2010-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Metamaterial structure for modulating terahertz wave |
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