CN102873422A - Aluminum and aluminum alloy and copper diffusion brazing process - Google Patents
Aluminum and aluminum alloy and copper diffusion brazing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102873422A CN102873422A CN2012103982544A CN201210398254A CN102873422A CN 102873422 A CN102873422 A CN 102873422A CN 2012103982544 A CN2012103982544 A CN 2012103982544A CN 201210398254 A CN201210398254 A CN 201210398254A CN 102873422 A CN102873422 A CN 102873422A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum and aluminum alloy and copper diffusion brazing process, and belongs to the field of dissimilar material connection. The process adopts Al-Si-Cu ternary alloy powder (the content of Si is 5%-7%, the content of Cu is 28%-30%, and the balance is Al, all in mass percent) as the connection materials, and under certain vacuum degree and certain pressure, heat is preserved at the temperature of 525-555 DEG C for 10-60 minutes, so connection between aluminum and aluminum alloy and copper can be realized. By adopting the method, liquid phase is formed by diffusion of Cu and Si atoms on an aluminum/oxidation film interface, and the oxidation film on the aluminum surface is removed, so as to realize metallurgical bonding, the joint is compact, the reliability is high, and the aluminum and aluminum alloy and copper diffusion brazing process is applicable to large area joint between pure aluminum and alloy thereof and copper and to welding of complex structural parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the diffusion brass solder technique of a kind of aluminium and aluminium alloy and copper, belong to the foreign material connection area.
Background technology
Aluminium and copper are metals very common in the daily life, and aluminium content in the earth's crust is higher, and density is little, conduction, good heat conductivity, and the electrical and thermal conductivity performance of copper is only second to silver.Being connected in electric power, chemical industry, refrigeration, communications and transportation and the aerospace industry of aluminium and aluminium alloy and copper is widely used.
There are a lot of problems in aluminium and aluminium alloy at present with being connected of copper.Aluminum bronze thermophysical property (fusing point, linear expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, melting heat) difference is large, has larger thermal stress when directly welding in weld seam, therefore connects poor effect; The direct chemical combination of aluminum bronze can generate compound between multiple brittle metal, and these compounds have had a strong impact on intensity and the corrosion resistance of joint; All welding has brought great obstruction to the oxide-film on mother metal corrosion problem and aluminium surface to aluminum bronze in addition.At present effective method of attachment of aluminum bronze has Solid-State Welding, soldering and melting.
Calendar year 2001, the people such as Li Yajiang of Shandong University studied the Cu/Al vacuum diffusion welding.Its technique is to allow copper coin directly contact with aluminium sheet, then 6.7 * 10
-5Under the vacuum environment of Pa style being applied the pressure of 11.5MPa, is to be incubated 60min under 520 ℃～540 ℃ conditions in temperature.The method adopts the technology of solid-state diffusion weldering to implement welding, owing to needing to apply 11.5MPa pressure in the welding process, this pressure is larger, and vacuum is also very high, has reached 6.7 * 10
-5Pa, so the method structure is poor for applicability, cost is high.
The superfine people of Sun De had studied the soldering processes of Al-Cu joint, mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of joint in 2002, and test adopts Zn-Al base solder to cooperate the chloride fluoride flux to weld.Owing to adopting the stronger brazing flux of corrosivity to remove oxide-film in the welding process, there is the brazing flux residue after therefore welding is finished, the brazing flux residue can pollute and corrode environment.
The people such as Xue Songbai in 2003 have studied the gas brazing technology of Al/Cu pipe.Adopt the modified CsF-AlF that contains the 1%Si powder in the test
3The non-corrosiveness brazing flux cooperates Ag-Al system and Al-Si brazing filler metal successfully to weld.Although brazing flux non-corrosiveness in the welding process does not need to clean, owing to being the technology that adopts gas brazing, the technological operation requirement is high, and can't implement the large tracts of land combination, so its scope of application is narrower.
Singapore's Study on manufacturing technology in 2004 T.A.Mai and A.C.Spowage adopt fine copper that the 350WNd:YAG laser instrument realized that 1mm is thick and the welding of Al4047, tissue morphology under the different bonding speeds and microhardness are analyzed, the microhardness of measuring the Al/Cu fusion area is higher, the result shows compound generation between a large amount of brittle metals, and strength of joint is very poor.
The people such as horse naval of Shandong University in 2007 have studied the vacuum brazing technique of Al/Cu dissimilar metal.Adopt sheet Al-Si solder at 590 ℃～615 ℃ insulation 1～5min in the test, successfully weld.Because welding temperature is higher in the test, substantially exceeds 548 ℃ of aluminum bronze eutectic points, therefore be easy to cause the phenomenon of joint corrosion.And solder is sheet, also cannot weld for some complex-shaped structural members.
The people such as T.Saeid of Iran in 2010 have studied the stirring friction welding (FSW) of 6061 aluminium alloys and fine copper, and its weld structure and performance are analyzed.Because friction stir welding is often connected can only welded blank, so its range of application is narrower.
In sum, develop and a kind ofly be applicable to aluminium and aluminium alloy engages with the large tracts of land of copper and the solder technology important in inhibiting of complex structural member, and have huge economic worth.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop and a kind ofly be applicable to aluminium and aluminium alloy engages with the large tracts of land of copper and the welding procedure of complex structural member, its principle is to utilize Cu, Si atom to diffuse to form liquid phase at aluminium/interfacial oxide film, remove the oxide-film on aluminium surface, thereby realize metallurgical binding.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Adopt Al-Si-Cu ternary alloy three-partalloy powder (Si content is that 5%～7%, Cu content is 28%～30%, and surplus Al all is mass percents) as articulamentum, to be coated on the joint face behind the furnishing slurry, be higher than 6.0 * 10 in vacuum
-3Pa, pressure are 0.1～5.0MPa, and temperature is under 525 ℃～555 ℃ the condition, to be incubated 10～60 minutes, take out style after the cooling.
The advantage that the present invention has is:
(1) the present invention adopts alloyed powder as connecting material, and required Bonding pressure is low, and structure adaptability is strong, can realize that aluminium and aluminium alloy engage with the large tracts of land of copper and the labyrinth welding.
(2) compare with existing vacuum brazing technique, welding temperature of the present invention low (525 ℃～555 ℃) is conducive to control the corrosion phenomenon.
(3) compare with existing vacuum brazing technique, vacuum required for the present invention requires low, pressure low (0.1～5.0MPa), be conducive to reduce process costs.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with embodiment for the below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
1060 pure aluminum plates and T2 copper plate are cut into the thin plate that is of a size of 5mm * 5mm * 2mm and 10mm * 10mm * 2mm with line, then two thin plates are extremely smooth at 400# and the polishing of 800# sand paper respectively, clean with alcohol wash behind Ultrasonic Cleaning, then aluminium sheet is placed on respectively concentration and is 10% NaOH solution and 10% HNO
3Use the clear water wash clean after soaking 30s in the solution.Preseting composition in the middle of two plates is 67Al-5Si-28Cu(wt%) the uniform sizing material of alloyed powder furnishing, install with the der group of stainless steel anchor clamps according to aluminium sheet-alloyed powder-intermediate layer, control the gap well, then apply the pressure of 5.0MPa downwards, be placed in the vacuum drying oven, vacuum is 3.0 * 10
-3Pa 525 ℃ of insulations 30 minutes, then with the stove cooling, when treating that temperature is lower than 100 ℃ in the stove, takes out style, carries out shear strength test, test result such as table 1 at the MST810 electronic universal tester.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 5052 aluminium alloys and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 65Al-7Si-28Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 6.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 3.0MPa, when adopting welding temperature to be set as 525 ℃, are incubated 45 minutes, and all the other processing steps are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 6061 aluminium alloys and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 65Al-5Si-30Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 5.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 1.0MPa, when adopting welding temperature to be set as 525 ℃, are incubated 60 minutes, and all the other processing steps are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 3003 aluminium alloys and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 66Al-6Si-28Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 3.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 5.0MPa, when adopting welding temperature to be set as 540 ℃, are incubated 20 minutes, and all the other processing steps are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 1060 fine aluminiums and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 65Al-6Si-29Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 5.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 3.0MPa, when adopting welding temperature to be set as 540 ℃, are incubated 30 minutes, and all the other processing steps are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 6061 aluminium alloys and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 63Al-7Si-30Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 5.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 1.0MPa, when adopting welding temperature to be set as 540 ℃, are incubated 40 minutes, and all the other processing steps are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 5050 aluminium alloys and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 66Al-5Si-29Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 3.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 4.0MPa, when adopting welding temperature to be set as 555 ℃, are incubated 10 minutes, and all the other processing steps are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 1060 fine aluminiums and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 64Al-7Si-29Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 4.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 0.5MPa, and welding temperature is set as 555 ℃, are incubated 20 minutes, and all the other process conditions and step are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9
In the present embodiment, mother metal adopts 6005 aluminium alloys and T2 red copper as different from Example 1, and the employing composition is 64Al-6Si-30Cu(wt%) alloy powder is as the intermediate layer, and vacuum is 5.0 * 10
-3Pa, pressure are 0.1MPa, and welding temperature is set as 555 ℃, are incubated 30 minutes, and all the other process conditions and step are all identical with embodiment 1.
Table 1 shearing strength of joint test result
Claims (6)
1. the diffusion brass solder technique of an aluminium and aluminium alloy and copper, it is characterized in that: adopt Al-Si-Cu ternary alloy three-partalloy powder as articulamentum, under certain vacuum degree and suitable pressure, the insulation soldering, holding temperature is 525 ℃～555 ℃, and temperature retention time is 10～60 minutes; The composition quality percentage of Al-Si-Cu ternary alloy three-partalloy powder is Si 5%～7%, and Cu 28%～30%, surplus Al.
2. the diffusion brass solder technique of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy and copper, it is characterized in that: vacuum is higher than 6.0 * 10
-3Pa.
3. the diffusion brass solder technique of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy and copper, it is characterized in that: pressure is 0.1～5.0MPa.
4. the diffusion brass solder technique of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy and copper, it is characterized in that: holding temperature is 525 ℃～535 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30～60 minutes.
5. the diffusion brass solder technique of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy and copper, it is characterized in that: holding temperature is 535 ℃～545 ℃, and temperature retention time is 20～40 minutes.
6. the diffusion brass solder technique of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy and copper, it is characterized in that: holding temperature is 545 ℃～555 ℃, and temperature retention time is 10～30 minutes.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104439590A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Brazing technique for 6061 aluminum alloy and AZ31B magnesium alloy |
| CN105345195A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for brazing aluminum or aluminum alloy and other metals |
| CN106475679A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-03-08 | 山东大学 | A kind of copper and the discontinuous pressure process diffusion connecting process of the unrepeatered transmission of aluminium alloy |
| CN107154451A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-09-12 | 华灿光电（浙江）有限公司 | A kind of chip of light emitting diode and preparation method thereof |
| CN112439963A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-05 | 宏进金属科技股份有限公司 | Hard welding method |
| CN115255606A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-11-01 | 北京科技大学 | Copper and graphite diffusion bonding method containing aluminum interlayer |
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| JPH07328792A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-12-19 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Brazing method of aluminum and aluminum alloy |
| JP2004107135A (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-08 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Method of joining high purity alumina and copper, joined body of high purity alumina and copper and joined body of high purity alumina and copper electrode |
| CN1743118A (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2006-03-08 | 山东大学 | Diffusion soldering method capable of making copper-aluminium joint binding strength high |
| CN101537520A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2009-09-23 | 顺特电气有限公司 | Brazing method of aluminum electromagnetic wire and brass |
| CN102000896A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-04-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Al-Cu transient liquid phase diffusion bonding method of Al alloy |
| CN102152024A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-08-17 | 浙江大学 | High-strength aluminum alloy brazing filler metal with melting point being lower than 500 DEG C and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| JPH07328792A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-12-19 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Brazing method of aluminum and aluminum alloy |
| JP2004107135A (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-08 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Method of joining high purity alumina and copper, joined body of high purity alumina and copper and joined body of high purity alumina and copper electrode |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104439590A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Brazing technique for 6061 aluminum alloy and AZ31B magnesium alloy |
| CN105345195A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for brazing aluminum or aluminum alloy and other metals |
| CN105345195B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method of aluminum or aluminum alloy and other solder bonding metals |
| CN106475679A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-03-08 | 山东大学 | A kind of copper and the discontinuous pressure process diffusion connecting process of the unrepeatered transmission of aluminium alloy |
| CN106475679B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-07-27 | 山东大学 | A kind of discontinuous pressure process diffusion connecting process of unrepeatered transmission of copper and aluminium alloy |
| CN107154451A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-09-12 | 华灿光电（浙江）有限公司 | A kind of chip of light emitting diode and preparation method thereof |
| CN112439963A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-05 | 宏进金属科技股份有限公司 | Hard welding method |
| CN115255606A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-11-01 | 北京科技大学 | Copper and graphite diffusion bonding method containing aluminum interlayer |
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| CN102873422B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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