CN102860431B - Feed applicable for tilapias intensively cultured in pond and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed applicable for tilapias intensively cultured in pond and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102860431B CN102860431B CN2012103397220A CN201210339722A CN102860431B CN 102860431 B CN102860431 B CN 102860431B CN 2012103397220 A CN2012103397220 A CN 2012103397220A CN 201210339722 A CN201210339722 A CN 201210339722A CN 102860431 B CN102860431 B CN 102860431B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a type of feed applicable for tilapias intensively cultured in a pond and a preparation method thereof. The feed contains the following ingredients by mass percent: soybean pulp, whole milk puffed soybean, dried blood, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, soybeam oil, wheat middling, rice bran, mineral gunk, vitamin gunk, monocalcium phosphate, zeolite powder, bentonite, choline chloride, vitamin C and vitamin E. The preparation method includes the steps of: weighing soybean pulp, whole milk puffed soybean, rapeseed meal and the like according to the mass percent, mixing the mixture to be even, grinding the mixture, mixing the ground mixture with the rest raw materials, tempering and pelleting, drying, removing the powder, inspecting whether the feed is qualified and finally packaging. The raw materials of the feed are common and are low in costs, and the preparation method is simple and reliable; the raw materials are reasonably proportioned; with the improved formulas of the vitamin gunk and the mineral gunk, the feed better satisfies the physiological needs of tilapias intensively cultured in the pond; and after the tilapias with weight of about 180g are fed with the feed disclosed by the invention for two months, the feed coefficient can reach about1.3 and the specific growth rate reaches about 1.9%/d.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aquaculture feed field, relate in particular to a kind of feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica, also relate to a kind of preparation method who is applicable to the feed of pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica simultaneously.
Background technology
Tilapia mossambica (Tilapia) is a kind of medium and small shape fish, is commonly called as African crucian, is that FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) recommends to promote the high-quality fish of culturing to the whole world, is described as one of main source of following animal protein.Since two thousand six, the cultured output in China's Mainland every year is sure to occupy the No. 1 in the world more than 1,000,000 tons.The breeding way of Tilapia mossambica mainly contains pond culture and cage culture, and pond fish farming is one of main mode of pond culture, so-called pond fish farming refers to utilize the water body through arrangement or hand excavation's area less (general area number mu to ten surplus mu), input is based on Tilapia mossambica, cooperate a spot of other food property and filter-feeding fish, with the high-quality mixed feed of throwing something and feeding, adopting scientific and reasonable water quality adjustment and fish disease prevention and cure is the breeding way of characteristics.But at present, the feed that hydrostatic pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica is used is normal diet, is applicable to all breeding way, and its nutrition design standard relies on and comes from data obtained under the excellent environment in laboratory.But because the hydrostatic pond waters has its particularity, as easy muddy, the characteristics such as change of water quality is many, hydroplankton content enriches of water body, also there is simultaneously Tilapia mossambica can filter the reason of phytoplankton in the drinking water body, suspension etc., cause normal diet and not exclusively suitable, so be necessary to develop the feed that is directed to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica.Feedstuff is common, and is with low cost, and preparation method is simple and reliable; The rational proportion of various raw materials, improved vitamin, mineral substance premix prescription more adapt to the psychological need of pond cultivating tilapia.
Another object of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of preparation method who is applicable to the feed of pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica.The method technological process is simple, compact conformation, and small investment is saved power.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica, its raw material by following mass percent is formed:
The mixed feed of a kind of suitable pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica, its raw material by following mass percent is formed (preferable range):
Wherein, described mineral substance premix, by 1kg, formed by following component: six aqueous ferrous sulfate 2.32g, epsom salt 61.5g, Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate 0.15g, calcium iodate 1.2g, copper chloride dihydrate 0.1g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.8g, CoCL2 1g, white vitriol 1g, zeolite powder 931.93g.
Described vitamin premix, by 1kg, formed by following component: vitamin B1 1g, vitamin B2 1g, calcium pantothenate 0.2g, nicotinic acid 3.5g, biotin 3mg, vitamin B6 165mg, folic acid 40mg, inositol 1.5g, 3-Hydroxyretinol 00mg, cholecalciferol 3mg, prokeyvit 0.5g, wheat bran 991.789g.
A kind of preparation method who is applicable to the feed of pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica the steps include:
A takes by weighing dregs of beans, full-fat extruded soybean, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, rice bran, inferior powder earlier according to certain quality percentage;
B mixes by pulverizer and pulverizes, and makes all the components all by the 20-40 mesh sieve;
C takes by weighing all the other raw materials according to certain quality percentage, and mixes with the raw material of step B, fully mixes (CV ≦ 5%) through mixer;
D moves into quality-adjusting device with the described mixed material of step C, feeds 90-100 ℃ of water vapour, modified 2-5 minute, sends into granulator and presses grain, particle diameter 2-5mm;
E places the cooler inner drying with the pellet that makes, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
Useful result of the present invention:
1, feedstuff is common, and is with low cost, and preparation method is simple and reliable;
2, according to organic proportioning of various raw materials, can reach similar even more excellent effect with the feed of interpolation fish meal behind the Tilapia mossambica of throwing something and feeding;
3, improved vitamin, mineral substance premix make it more to adapt to the Tilapia mossambica physiological situation of pond culture;
4, with the Tilapia mossambica about this prescription forage feed 180g 2 months, the more commercially available compound feed of tilapia of its growth performance all increased, and feed coefficient is about 1.3, and specific growth rate is about 1.9%/d.
The specific embodiment
Following example is to further specify of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 (the feed preparation of pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica):
A kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica, its raw material by following mass percent is formed:
Present embodiment forage protein content 28.9%, fat content 6.1%.
A kind of preparation method who is applicable to the feed of pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica the steps include:
A takes by weighing dregs of beans, full-fat extruded soybean, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, rice bran, inferior powder earlier according to certain quality percentage;
B mixes by pulverizer and pulverizes, and makes all the components all by 20 or 25 or 30 or 35 or 40 mesh sieves;
C takes by weighing all the other raw materials according to certain quality percentage, and mixes with the raw material of step B, fully mixes (CV ≦ 5%) through mixer;
D moves into quality-adjusting device with the described mixed material of step C, feeds 90 or 93 or 95 or 98 or 100 ℃ of steam, modified 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 minutes, sends into granulator and presses grain, particle diameter 3mm;
E places the cooler inner drying with the pellet that makes, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica, its raw material by following mass percent is formed:
Present embodiment forage protein content 29.9%, fat content 5.3%.
Its preparation process is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica, its raw material by following mass percent is formed:
Present embodiment crude protein content of feed 29.4%, fat content 5.4%.
Its preparation process is identical with embodiment 1.
Two, effect test
The feed that utilizes present embodiment to obtain, the throw something and feed gift tilapia 60 days of about 180g, and compare with commercially available certain brand Tilapia mossambica expanded pellet diet, the raw material of control group consists of: corn, inferior powder, fish meal, wheat bran, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin, mineral salt etc., nutritional labeling is Cu Dan Bai ≧ 30%, Cu Zhi Fang ≧ 2.0.Raise that (among 1m * 1m * 1.5m), totally 4 groups, every group 3 is repeated every repetition 20 tails in pond net box.Day feeding volume is the 1.5-2% of body weight, and every day is in 9:00 and the 17:00 secondary of throwing something and feeding.Per 2 weeks weigh 1 time, to adjust feeding volume.8 weeks of test duration.
Each index computing formula is as follows:
Rate of body weight gain (%)=100 * [last counterpoise (g)-first counterpoise (g)]/first counterpoise (g)
Specific growth rate (%/d)=100 * (ln opisthosoma weight-ln is body weight just)/experiment fate
Feed coefficient=food ration (g)/[heavy (the g)-first body weight (g) of opisthosoma]
Protein efficiency ratio, PER (%)=100 * weight gain amount/protein uptake amount
Survival rate (%)=100 * whole end number/initial mantissa
The liver body is than (%)=100 * liver weight/body weight
Dirty body is than (%)=100 * internal organ weight/body weight
The long ^3 of coefficient of condition=100 * body weight/body
The result is as shown in table 1:
The growth performance of table 1 Tilapia mossambica and food utilization efficiency
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | Control group |
| First counterpoise (kg) | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.18 |
| End counterpoise (kg) | 0.56a | 0.53b | 0.53b | 0.53b |
| Rate of body weight gain % | 202.58a | 189.15ab | 187.95b | 187.31b |
| Specific growth rate (%/d) | 1.98a | 1.90ab | 1.89b | 1.88b |
| Feed coefficient | 1.29 | 1.30 | 1.26 | 1.33 |
| The liver body is than (%) | 2.70 | 2.68 | 2.79 | 2.86 |
| Dirty body is than (%) | 9.76 | 9.55 | 9.78 | 9.59 |
| Survival rate (%) | 95.00 | 95.00 | 93.33 | 93.33 |
| Coefficient of condition | 4.57ab | 4.47a | 4.54a | 4.73b |
As can be seen from Table 1, compare with control group, the whole opisthosoma weight of the Tilapia mossambica of 3 kinds of prescriptions of embodiment, rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate have trend of rising, and wherein three indexs of this of embodiment 1 all are significantly higher than control group.Simultaneously, coefficient of condition has the trend of reduction, and wherein embodiment 2 and 3 coefficient of condition are significantly less than control group.Compare with control group, feed coefficient, liver body ratio, dirty body ratio and survival rate all do not have significance difference.
Claims (7)
1. mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica, it is made up of the raw material of following mass percent:
The preparation method of above-mentioned mixed feed is:
A takes by weighing dregs of beans, full-fat extruded soybean, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, rice bran, inferior powder earlier according to above-mentioned mass percent;
B mixes by pulverizer and pulverizes, and makes all the components all by the 20-40 mesh sieve;
C takes by weighing all the other raw materials according to above-mentioned mass percent, and mixes with the raw material of step B, fully mixes through mixer;
D moves into quality-adjusting device with the described mixed material of step C, feeds 90-100 ℃ of water vapour, modified 2-5 minute, sends into granulator and presses grain, particle diameter 2-5mm;
E places the cooler inner drying with the pellet that makes, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
2. a kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
3. a kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
4. a kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
5. a kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
6. a kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mineral substance premix, by 1kg, formed by following component: six aqueous ferrous sulfate 2.32g, epsom salt 61.5g, Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate 0.15g, calcium iodate 1.2g, copper chloride dihydrate 0.1g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.8g, CoCL2 1g, white vitriol 1g, zeolite powder 931.93g.
7. a kind of mixed feed that is applicable to the pond fish farming Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described vitamin premix, by 1kg, formed by following component: Cobastab
11g, Cobastab
21g, calcium pantothenate 0.2g, nicotinic acid 3.5g, biotin 3mg, Cobastab
6165mg, folic acid 40mg, inositol 1.5g, 3-Hydroxyretinol 00mg, vitamin D
33mg, vitamin K
30.5g, wheat bran 991.789g.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103300255B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-09-24 | 西双版纳华坤生物科技有限责任公司 | Application of rubber seedcake in tilapia formula feed and formula of tilapia formula feed |
| CN103340318B (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Feed applicable to industrial aquaculture of tilapia, and preparation method and feeding method thereof |
| CN103583873A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 蚌埠市丰牧牛羊肉制品有限责任公司 | Feed for culturing tilapia mossambica in pond and preparation method thereof |
| CN103960524A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-06 | 汕头大学 | Tilapia mossambica feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431636A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 常州海大生物饲料有限公司 | Puffed demersal crucian carp mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104970216A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-14 | 湛江恒兴特种饲料有限公司 | Tilapia parent fish compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107853504A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-03-30 | 湖北惠泽生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of tilapia feed premix |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822329A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-09-08 | 肇庆超凡生物科技有限公司 | Tilapia feed taking cotton seed meal and rapeseed meal as main protein materials |
| CN101828655A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Low-fish meal tilapia feed |
| CN102265983A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-12-07 | 广东省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Tilapia feed with high sugar content and low protein content |
| CN102511696A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-06-27 | 海南鱼宝饲料有限公司 | Complete feed for tilapia |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822329A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-09-08 | 肇庆超凡生物科技有限公司 | Tilapia feed taking cotton seed meal and rapeseed meal as main protein materials |
| CN101828655A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Low-fish meal tilapia feed |
| CN102265983A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2011-12-07 | 广东省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Tilapia feed with high sugar content and low protein content |
| CN102511696A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-06-27 | 海南鱼宝饲料有限公司 | Complete feed for tilapia |
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