CN102813148A - Ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102813148A
CN102813148A CN201210299541XA CN201210299541A CN102813148A CN 102813148 A CN102813148 A CN 102813148A CN 201210299541X A CN201210299541X A CN 201210299541XA CN 201210299541 A CN201210299541 A CN 201210299541A CN 102813148 A CN102813148 A CN 102813148A
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hawthorn
haw
temperature
ultra micro
full power
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毕金峰
刘璇
陈芹芹
丁媛媛
吴昕烨
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Institute of Food Science and Technology of CAAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder and a preparation method thereof. The method includes the following steps: haw material is sequentially prerefrigerated, dried by sublimation, dried by desorption and ground to be ultrafine, so that the ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder is prepared. The ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder provided by the invention has unique physical and chemical properties and good fluidity, anticaking property and dispersibility, and keeps the nutritional ingredients of the haw material, and moreover, the ultrafine powder form is good for the ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder to be blended with other food materials, and plays an extremely important role in increasing the digestibility, absorbability and bioavailability of the nutritional substances of the haw. The ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder can be used as main material for the preparation of healthy haw beverages, soft sweets, fruit juice and the like as well as material for the production of novel functional food, and can be stored for a long time.

Description

Hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing field, relate to a kind of hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Hawthorn (Cretaceus pinnatifida Bag) is rose family may (Rosaceae Crataegus), is the special product fruit tree that originates from China, the cultivation history in existing more than 3000 year." Chinese Plants will " records 18 kinds, 6 mutation, and 1 modification is a kind of important plant resources.In China, hawthorn is the medicine food dual purpose plant of Ministry of Public Health's approval, and long edible and medicinal history is arranged, and contains rich nutrient contents and pharmacological component in the Fructus Crataegi, is widely used in health food and the medicament.
Hawthorn has very high nutritive value and health care.Confirm according to research; Hawthorn is rich in protein (be apple fruit protein content 17 times), 18 seed amino acids (8 kinds of needed by human), carbohydrate; Mineral matter (calcic in fruit row first); Vitamin (vitamin c, A, B., B), flavonoids, three card type (ursolic acid, crataegolic acid, oleanolic acid etc.), other compositions multiple nutritional components such as (chlorogenic acid, epicatechol, choline etc.) have very high nutritive value.Fructus Crataegi is widely used in health food and the medicament.Compendium of Material Medica record " sweet, the tepor of hawthorn property acid ", " being longer than diet, strengthening the spleen and stomach, row are tied gas, extravasated blood disappears ".Modern scientific research shows, contains flavonoids, organic acid, triterpene compound etc. in the hawthorn, has many-sided pharmacologically active, often uses it for treatment angiocardiopathy and anti-inflammation.
Hawthorn can be eaten raw, but its acid content is higher, should not eat more; The hawthorn converted products mainly contains canned haw, haw jelly, haw flakes etc. at present; The converted products form is comparatively single, and processing mode is mainly hot-working, in process; Nutritional labeling, the active ingredient of raw material very easily run off, thereby can obviously reduce its nutrition, drug effect and active component.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power and preparation method thereof.
The method for preparing hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power provided by the invention after comprising the steps: haw raw material carried out pre-freeze, lyophilization, parsing-desiccation and ultramicro grinding successively, obtains said hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power.
In the said pre-freeze step of said method, temperature is-26~-35 ℃, preferred-30 ℃; Time is 1.5-2 hour, preferred 1.5 hours; The time of being reduced to pre-freeze step temperature by room temperature is 1.5-2 hour, preferred 1.5 hours.
In the said lyophilization step, condenser temperature is not higher than-35 ℃, and vacuum is 25-50Pa, and temperature of heating plate is 10-15 ℃, and be 3-4 hour drying time.
This step is a most crucial steps in the whole fruit of the hawthorn vacuum freeze drying process.Lyophilization also is a vacuum freeze drying, and equipment therefor is a vacuum freeze drier, is made up of refrigeration system, vacuum system, heating system, electrical instrumentation control system.Its principle is: earlier material is frozen into below the eutectic temperature; Make moisture become solid-state ice, under higher vacuum, ice is directly distilled be steam then; Use water vapour coagulator in the vacuum system with water vapor condensation again, thereby obtain the method for dried product.Dry run is the process that the states of matter of water changes and shifts.The basic principle of vacuum freeze drying is exactly the mechanism of mass-and heat-transfer under the low-temp low-pressure.
At sublimation stage; Material need absorb heat (every gram ice is sublimed into the heat that steam absorbs 2.8 kJ (kilojoule)s approximately fully); Equal from the required heat of distillation interface effusion steam if pass to the heat at distillation interface, the temperature and pressure at the interface that then distils all reaches balance, and distillation is normally carried out.If the shortage of heat of supplying with, the distillation of ice have seized the heat of hawthorn self and the temperature at distillation interface is reduced, this can cause the reduction of rate of sublimation, will prolong whole drying time, and productivity ratio descends.If the steam of overflowing is less than the steam of distillation, then unnecessary steam accumulates in the distillation interface and makes increased pressure, and sublimation temperature improves, and causes the goods fusing at last, makes whole lyophilization failure.
In the said parsing-desiccation step, temperature of charge is 20-30 ℃, and vacuum is 25-50Pa, and temperature of heating plate is 25-30 ℃, and condenser temperature is not higher than-35 ℃, and be 3-4 hour drying time.
In the said ultramicro grinding step, the granularity after the pulverizing is no more than 50 μ m.
In the said ultramicro grinding step, operating pressure is 6Pa~12Pa, and temperature is 25-40 ℃.
In order to obtain better crushing effect, also can according to actual conditions after said parsing-desiccation step, before the ultramicro grinding step, parsing-desiccation gained material tentatively be pulverized; In the said preliminary pulverising step, equipment therefor can be various reducing mechanisms commonly used, like the plant pulverizer.
The said method for preparing hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power also comprised the steps: before said pre-freeze step, with said haw raw material carry out impurity elimination, clean, stoning and draining.
The said method for preparing hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power also comprised the steps: before said pre-freeze step, with said haw raw material sabot;
Perhaps, said drain step after, before the pre-freeze step, with said haw raw material sabot;
In the said sabot step, sabot weight is 3~4.5kg/m 2
Prepare hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power according to the method described above and contain the product of said hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power, also belong to protection scope of the present invention.Wherein, the water content of said hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is not higher than 3%.Said product specifically can be drink, soft sweets or fruit juice.
Hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power provided by the invention; Has unique physical and chemical performance; Have good flowability, resistive connection property and dispersiveness; And the nutritional labeling that has kept haw raw material to the utmost, and the powdery form of superfine is beneficial to other raw-food materials and carries out composite processing, and digestion, absorption and the bioavailability that improves the hawthorn nutriment had important role.This hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power can be used as the primary raw material of preparation hawthorn health drink, soft sweets, fruit juice etc., also can be used as the raw material of producing new function food, but and long preservation.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done further elaboration, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Said method is conventional method if no special instructions.Said raw material all can get from open commercial sources if no special instructions.Said percentage composition if no special instructions, is the quality percentage composition.
Embodiment 1,
Get fresh hawthorn (kind is for prosperous) as raw material, measure each item index of bright appearance haw raw material according to following method:
Determination of moisture method: seasoning.Be specially: accurate weighing sample 2-10g, put dryly, cool off and claim to the measuring cup that lid is arranged of constant weight, moves in 95-105 ℃ the normal pressure baking oven, take out behind the baking 2-4h that uncaps, add a cover to place and weigh after cooling off 0.5h in the drier.Dry by the fire again after one hour and weigh.Repeat this operation, be dry back constant weight, moisture=(fresh weight (weight before dry)-dry back constant weight)/fresh weight until twice 2mg of being no more than of poor quality in front and back.
Total reducing sugar assay method: measure total sugar content according to standard GB 6194-86 fruit, vegetables total reducing sugar assay method.Instrument and reagent preparation, same GB6194-86.
The VC assay method: the assay method (2, the 4-dinitro phenyl hydrazine method) according to total ascorbic acid in standard GB 12392-90 fruit, vegetables and the goods thereof is measured Vitamin C content.
The total acid assay method: the assay method according to total acid in standard GB/T 12456-90 food is measured total acid content.
Method of protein measurement: according to standard GB 8856-88, fruit, victual thick protein assay method are measured protein content.
The general flavone assay method: the assay method according to standard GB/T20574-2006 general flavone content is measured general flavone content.
Above-mentioned each item index testing result is as shown in table 1:
The index determining result of table 1, bright appearance hawthorn
Nutritional labeling Bright appearance
Bright appearance water content (%) 76.02
Total reducing sugar (%) 7.8
Vc(mg/100g) 1.18
Total acid (%) 3.53
Protein (%) 0.68
General flavone (%) 0.054
Prepare hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power according to following method:
Choose fresh haw raw material, take out inferior, impurity after, with Fructus Crataegi cleaning, stoning, drain subsequent use;
Fructus Crataegi after draining is carried out sabot, and sabot weight is 3kg/m 2, after lowering the temperature gradually 1.5 hours;
Under-26 ℃ of temperature conditions, carry out pre-freeze, freeze-drying storehouse condenser temperature is reduced to below-35 ℃ again, cool chamber pressure is reduced to 25Pa, reach said temperature and pressure after;
Freeze-drying storehouse temperature of heating plate is warming up to 10 ℃, keep said vacuum and said temperature 3h then after, keep temperature of charge to carry out parsing-desiccation at 20 ℃; Temperature of heating plate 30 degree; Dryness storehouse pressure 25Pa, condenser temperature<-35 ℃ keep 3h; Make water content reach back discharging below 4%, obtain the whole fruit of hawthorn freeze-drying;
Adopt the plant pulverizer tentatively to pulverize immediately the whole fruit of gained hawthorn freeze-drying again; Carry out the processing of low temperature ultramicro grinding with the airflow milling pulverizer then; Obtain ultra micro hawthorn nutrition full power provided by the invention; Wherein, airflow milling pulverizer operating pressure is 6Pa, requires hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power granularity to be no more than 50um.
According to following method gained ultra micro hawthorn nutrition full power is carried out Quality Detection:
1, organoleptic detection
Sample is poured in the clean ceramic whiteware dish, with the naked eye directly observes color and luster, form and impurity are smelt its smell, taste flavour, and the gained result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2, organoleptic detection result
Can know that by table gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power has kept color and the local flavor of bright hawthorn; Product is the homogeneous powder powder, does not have caking, and dissolubility is good.
2, the detection of physical and chemical index
Detect total sugar content, Vc content, crude fiber content, protein content, fat content in the preparation gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power according to preceding method; The result shows that the water content of above-mentioned hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is 3.23%; Total sugar content is 30.3%, and Vc content is 140.8mg/100g, and total acid content is 12.2%; Protein content is 3.36%, and general flavone content is 0.22%.
Can know that this hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power can keep preferably and concentrate the multiple nutrients composition in the bright hawthorn, like sugar, vitamin, cellulose and mineral matter etc.
3, the shelf-life is detected
Preceding method is detected hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power after the preparation gained packing after normal temperature is placed 12 months; Detect each item index, obtaining its water content is 3.22%, and total sugar content is 30.2%; Vc content is 138.8mg/100g; Total acid content is 12.0%, and protein content is 3.34%, and general flavone content is 0.21%.
The result shows that this hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is after normal temperature is placed 12 months, and its color and luster, flavour and mouthfeel, shape are compared with firm preparation products obtained therefrom and had no significant change;
Embodiment 2, hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power
Get fresh hawthorn (kind is big Venus) as raw material, detect according to embodiment 1 said method, the gained result is as shown in table 3:
The index determining result of table 3, bright appearance hawthorn
Nutritional labeling Bright appearance
Bright appearance water content (%) 75.02
Total reducing sugar (%) 7.9
Vc(mg/100g) 1.28
Total acid (%) 3.73
Protein (%) 0.78
General flavone (%) 0.057
Prepare hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power according to following method:
Choose fresh haw raw material, take out inferior, impurity after, with Fructus Crataegi cleaning, stoning, drain subsequent use;
Fructus Crataegi after draining is carried out sabot, and sabot weight is 3.75kg/m 2, after lowering the temperature gradually 1.5 hours;
Under-30 ℃ of temperature conditions, carry out pre-freeze, freeze-drying storehouse condenser temperature is reduced to below-35 ℃ again, cool chamber pressure is reduced to 35Pa, reach said temperature and pressure after;
Freeze-drying storehouse temperature of heating plate is warming up to 12 ℃, keep said vacuum and said temperature 3.5h then after, keep temperature of charge to carry out parsing-desiccation at 25 ℃; Temperature of heating plate 30 degree; Dryness storehouse pressure 35Pa, condenser temperature<-35 ℃ keep 3.5h; Make water content reach back discharging below 4%, obtain the whole fruit of hawthorn freeze-drying;
Adopt the plant pulverizer tentatively to pulverize immediately the whole fruit of gained hawthorn freeze-drying again; Carry out the processing of low temperature ultramicro grinding with the airflow milling pulverizer then; Obtain ultra micro hawthorn nutrition full power provided by the invention; Wherein, airflow milling pulverizer operating pressure is 9Pa, requires hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power granularity to be no more than 50um.
According to embodiment 1 said same procedure gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is carried out Quality Detection, wherein, organoleptic detection result is as shown in table 4.
Table 4. organoleptic detection result
Figure BDA00002038615500051
Can know that by table gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power has kept color and the local flavor of bright hawthorn, product is the homogeneous powder powder, does not have caking, and dissolubility is good.
According to embodiment 1 said same procedure gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is carried out the detection of physical and chemical index, the result is: water content is 3.42%, and total sugar content is 33.2%; Vc content is 147.8mg/100g; Total acid content is 13.0%, and protein content is 3.34%, and general flavone content is 0.21%.
Can know that this hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power can keep preferably and concentrate the multiple nutrients composition in the bright hawthorn, like sugar, vitamin, cellulose and mineral matter etc.
According to embodiment 1 said same procedure gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is carried out the shelf-life and detect, the result is: water content is 3.40%, and total sugar content is 33.1%; Vc content is 147.5mg/100g; Total acid content is 12.8%, and protein content is 3.32%, and general flavone content is 0.20%.
The result shows that this hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is after normal temperature is placed 12 months, and its color and luster, flavour and mouthfeel, shape are compared with firm preparation products obtained therefrom and had no significant change.
Embodiment 3, hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power
Get fresh hawthorn (kind is big Venus) as raw material, detect according to embodiment 1 said method, the gained result is as shown in table 5:
The index determining result of table 5, bright appearance hawthorn
Nutritional labeling Bright appearance
Bright appearance water content (%) 74.10
Total reducing sugar (%) 7.5
Vc(mg/100g) 1.15
Total acid (%) 3.50
Protein (%) 0.65
General flavone (%) 0.051
Prepare hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power according to following method:
Choose fresh haw raw material, take out inferior, impurity after, with Fructus Crataegi cleaning, stoning, drain subsequent use;
Fructus Crataegi after draining is carried out sabot, and sabot weight is 4.5kg/m 2, after lowering the temperature gradually 2 hours;
Under-35 ℃ of temperature conditions, carry out pre-freeze, freeze-drying storehouse condenser temperature is reduced to below-35 ℃ again, cool chamber pressure is reduced to 50Pa, reach said temperature and pressure after;
Freeze-drying storehouse temperature of heating plate is warming up to 15 ℃, keep said vacuum and said temperature 4h then after, keep temperature of charge to carry out parsing-desiccation at 30 ℃; Temperature of heating plate 30 degree; Dryness storehouse pressure 50Pa, condenser temperature<-35 ℃ keep 4h; Make water content reach back discharging below 4%, obtain the whole fruit of hawthorn freeze-drying;
Adopt the plant pulverizer tentatively to pulverize immediately the whole fruit of gained hawthorn freeze-drying again; Carry out the processing of low temperature ultramicro grinding with the airflow milling pulverizer then; Obtain ultra micro hawthorn nutrition full power provided by the invention; Wherein, airflow milling pulverizer operating pressure is 12Pa, requires hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power granularity to be no more than 50um.
According to embodiment 1 said same procedure gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is carried out Quality Detection, wherein, organoleptic detection result is as shown in table 6.
Table 6, organoleptic detection result
Figure BDA00002038615500071
Can know that by table gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power has kept color and the local flavor of bright hawthorn, product is the homogeneous powder powder, does not have caking, and dissolubility is good.
According to embodiment 1 said same procedure gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is carried out the detection of physical and chemical index, the result is: water content is 3.12%, and total sugar content is 32.9%; Vc content is 145.8mg/100g; Total acid content is 12.8%, and protein content is 3.30%, and general flavone content is 0.20%.
Can know that this hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power can keep preferably and concentrate the multiple nutrients composition in the bright hawthorn, like sugar, vitamin, cellulose and mineral matter etc.
According to embodiment 1 said same procedure gained hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is carried out the shelf-life and detect, the result is: water content is 3.10%, and total sugar content is 32.8%; Vc content is 145.7mg/100g; Total acid content is 12.7%, and protein content is 3.30%, and general flavone content is 0.20%.
The result shows that this hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is after normal temperature is placed 12 months, and its color and luster, flavour and mouthfeel, shape are compared with firm preparation products obtained therefrom and had no significant change.

Claims (10)

1. method for preparing the full powder of hawthorn ultra micro after comprising the steps: haw raw material carried out pre-freeze, lyophilization, parsing-desiccation and ultramicro grinding successively, obtains said hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the said pre-freeze step, temperature is-26~-35 ℃, preferred-30 ℃; Time is 1.5-2 hour, preferred 1.5 hours; The time of being reduced to pre-freeze step temperature by room temperature is 1.5-2 hour, preferred 1.5 hours.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the said lyophilization step, condenser temperature is not higher than-35 ℃, and vacuum is 25-50Pa, and temperature of heating plate is 10-15 ℃, and be 3-4 hour drying time.
4. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: in the said parsing-desiccation step, temperature of charge is 20-30 ℃, and vacuum is 25-50Pa, and temperature of heating plate is 25-35 ℃, and condenser temperature is not higher than-35 ℃, and be 3-4 hour drying time.
5. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in the said ultramicro grinding step, the granularity after the pulverizing is no more than 50 μ m.
6. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: in the said ultramicro grinding step, operating pressure is 6Pa~12Pa, and temperature is 25-40 ℃.
7. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: the said method for preparing hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power, also comprised the steps: before said pre-freeze step, with said haw raw material carry out impurity elimination, clean, stoning and draining;
Before said pre-freeze step, with said haw raw material sabot;
Perhaps, said drain step after, before the pre-freeze step, with said haw raw material sabot;
In the said sabot step, sabot weight is 3~4.5kg/m 2
8. the arbitrary said method of claim 1-7 prepares hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power.
9. hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the water content of said hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full power is not higher than 4%.
10. the product that contains claim 8 or 9 said hawthorn ultra micro nutrition full powers.
CN201210299541XA 2012-08-21 2012-08-21 Ultrafine whole haw nutrient powder and preparation method thereof Pending CN102813148A (en)

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CN103431329A (en) * 2013-09-12 2013-12-11 通化百泉参业集团股份有限公司 Preparation method for freeze-drying large-fruited Chinese hawthorn fruit powder
CN108887623A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-27 河北科技师范学院 A kind of hawthorn Chinese chestnut crackling ball and preparation method thereof
CN110089646A (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-06 天津冠芳可乐饮料有限公司 Haw pulp beverage and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103431329A (en) * 2013-09-12 2013-12-11 通化百泉参业集团股份有限公司 Preparation method for freeze-drying large-fruited Chinese hawthorn fruit powder
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CN108887623A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-27 河北科技师范学院 A kind of hawthorn Chinese chestnut crackling ball and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20121212