CN102783572A - Anti-stress feed for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone in greenhouse - Google Patents
Anti-stress feed for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN102783572A CN102783572A CN2012102495635A CN201210249563A CN102783572A CN 102783572 A CN102783572 A CN 102783572A CN 2012102495635 A CN2012102495635 A CN 2012102495635A CN 201210249563 A CN201210249563 A CN 201210249563A CN 102783572 A CN102783572 A CN 102783572A
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- vitamin
- greenhouse
- penaeus vannamei
- powder
- meal
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- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC(C)N)C=C1 NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 manganese sulfate Cobalt chloride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003448 Vitamin K Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N phylloquinone Natural products CC(C)CCCCC(C)CCC(C)CCCC(=CCC1=C(C)C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O)C SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CFKVDGBWWNMDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;pyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 CFKVDGBWWNMDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-stress feed for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone in a greenhouse. The anti-stress feed comprises 10-50% of fish meal, 5-10% of chicken powder, 3-10% of shrimp powder, 3-10% of a beer yeast, 10-30% of fermented soybean meal, 5-10% of squid powder, 10-16% of flour, 1-5% of fish oil, 1-3% of soybean phosphatide, 1-3% of betaine, 1-3% of a vitamin mixture, 2-4% of a mineral element mixture, 0.1-0.5% of Bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1% of taurine. According to the invention, the anti-stress feed selects feed raw materials having the advantages of high digestion and absorption utilization rate and strong food attraction against the growth and physiological digestion characteristics of the Penaeus vannamei Boone in the process of culturing in the greenhouse, trace nutritional elements comprising vitamins, mineral elements and the like needed by the healthy culture of the Penaeus vannamei Boone are reinforced, and simultaneously the Bacillus subtilis and the taurine are added, so shelling of the shrimps is promoted, the growth performances are improved, and the disease resistance and the stress resistance of the shrimps are enhanced. The mixed feed has the advantages of reliable sources of the raw materials, stable and safe quality, difficult water pollution, and suitableness for the large-scale culture of the Penaeus vannamei Boone in the greenhouse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anti-stress feed for penaeus vannamei bred in a greenhouse.
Technical Field
At present, the Penaeus vannamei (Penaeus vannamei) is cultivated in a greenhouseBoone) Has been gradually popularized in Shanghai culture areas of Jiangzhe province, the modelThe formula can effectively reduce large-scale disease outbreak induced by environmental stresses such as typhoon, rainfall and the like, and can carry out anti-season culture production to improve culture benefit.
The nutrient preparation is a key technology in the process of culturing the penaeus vannamei boone in the greenhouse, and directly influences the growth, development and survival rate of the penaeus vannamei boone. Therefore, whether the nutrition preparation is reasonable or not directly influences the culture benefit. At present, the feed for the Penaeus vannamei Boone in the greenhouse mainly uses the feed for the Penaeus vannamei Boone in an external pond, which often causes water quality to be easily polluted and increases the morbidity, and the raw material selection can not be scientifically selected according to the growth and physiological digestion characteristics of the Penaeus vannamei Boone in the greenhouse culture environment, so that the feed is not suitable for the ingestion of the Penaeus vannamei Boone, has low utilization rate, is easy to pollute water quality, and is not beneficial to the large.
The Chinese patent application (application No. 201110158200.6 application date: 2011-06-14) discloses a flaky prawn larva hatch feed, which comprises, by 100% of total mass, 10-50% of fish meal, 5-10% of chicken meal, 3-10% of egg meal, 3-10% of beer yeast, 10-30% of artemia, 5-10% of squid meal, 10-16% of flour, 1-3% of betaine, 1-5% of fish oil, 1-3% of soybean phospholipid, 1-3% of a vitamin mixture and 2-4% of a mineral element mixture; wherein the vitamin mixture consists of the following components, and each kilogram of the vitamin mixture contains: 30g of vitamin A, 32g, 60g of vitamin E, 34.5g of vitamin K, 130g of vitamin B, 22g of vitamin B, 660g of vitamin B, 124.5g of vitamin B, 20g of nicotinic acid, 20g of calcium pantothenate, 0.15g of biotin, 150g of inositol, 4g of folic acid, 275g of vitamin C and 337.85g of corncob meal; the mineral element mixture comprises 20g of copper sulfate, 100g of ferrous sulfate, 35g of zinc sulfate, 11g of manganese sulfate, 0.55g of cobalt chloride, 0.55g of sodium selenite, 20g of monopotassium phosphate, 20g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 792.9g of zeolite powder. The flaky prawn seedling starter feed disclosed by the patent adopts formula components to replace part of artemia bait so as to reduce the production cost of culturing prawn seedlings, but the patent still keeps 10-30% of the artemia bait, and although the cost can be accepted in the aspect of culturing seedlings, the cost is obviously considered further in the aspect of large-scale greenhouse culture. In addition, for greenhouse cultivation, due to the limitation of cultivation conditions, the cultivation water quality and the anti-stress performance of shrimps still need to be further considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the feed for the penaeus vannamei boone in the external pond, and provide the anti-stress feed for the penaeus vannamei boone cultured in the greenhouse, which is safe and healthy, has comprehensive nutrition and convenient use, can promote the shelling development of the penaeus vannamei boone under the environment of greenhouse culture, improves the anti-stress property and the growth performance, and regulates the cultured water quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the anti-stress feed for the penaeus vannamei cultivated in the greenhouse comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10-50% of fish meal and 5-10% of chicken powder
3-10% of shrimp meal and 3-10% of beer yeast
Fermented soybean meal powder 10-30% and squid powder 5-10%
Flour 10-16% betaine 1-3%
Fish oil 1-5 wt% and soybean lecithin 1-3 wt%
Vitamin mixture 1-3% and mineral element mixture 2-4%
0.1-0.5% of bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1% of taurine;
wherein,
the vitamin mixture comprises the following components in gram/kg of vitamin mixture:
20-40% of vitamin A, 31.0-3.0% of vitamin D
50-70% of vitamin E and 34.0-5.0% of vitamin K
Vitamin B120-40 vitamin B21.0-3.0
650-70% of vitamin B, 124.0-5.0% of vitamin B
10-30 parts of nicotinic acid calcium pantothenate
Biotin 0.10-0.20 inositol 100-200
Folic acid 3.0-5.0 vitamin C200-300
300-500 parts of corncob meal;
the mineral element mixture comprises the following components in gram/kg of mineral element mixture:
10-30 parts of copper sulfate and 80-120 parts of ferrous sulfate
30-40 parts of zinc sulfate, 8-15 parts of manganese sulfate
Cobalt chloride 0.50-0.60 sodium selenite 0.50-0.60
10-30 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-30 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate
700-850 parts of zeolite powder.
Preferably, the anti-stress feed for the penaeus vannamei cultivated in the greenhouse comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
30% of fish meal and 10% of chicken powder
Shrimp meal 5% beer yeast 5%
16.3 percent of fermented soybean meal powder and 10 percent of sleeve-fish powder
Flour 10% and betaine 2%
Fish oil 3% and soybean lecithin 2%
Vitamin mixture 2% mineral element mixture 3%
0.2 percent of bacillus subtilis and 0.5 percent of taurine.
Most preferably, the vitamin mixture described above comprises the following components in grams per kilogram of vitamin mixture:
vitamin A30 vitamin D32
Vitamin E60 vitamin K34.5
Vitamin B130 vitamin B22
Vitamin B660 vitamin B124.5
Nicotinic acid 20 calcium pantothenate 20
Biotin 0.15 inositol 150
Folic acid 4 vitamin C275
Corncob meal 337.85.
Most preferably, the mineral element mixture described above comprises the following components in grams per kilogram of mineral element mixture:
copper sulfate 20 ferrous sulfate 100
Zinc sulfate 35 manganese sulfate 11
Cobalt chloride 0.55 sodium selenite 0.55
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 sodium dihydrogen phosphate 20
Zeolite powder 792.9.
Aiming at the growth and physiological digestion characteristics of the penaeus vannamei boone in the greenhouse culture process, the anti-stress feed selects feed raw materials which are easy to digest, high in absorption and utilization rate and strong in feeding attraction, trace nutrient elements such as vitamins and mineral elements required by the healthy culture of the penaeus vannamei boone are enhanced, bacillus glumae and taurine are added, the shelling of the penaeus vannamei boone can be promoted, the growth performance is improved, the disease resistance and anti-stress capability of the penaeus vannamei boone are improved, the beneficial flora in intestinal tracts can be adjusted by adding bacillus subtilis, the feed utilization efficiency can be effectively improved, and the pollution of excrement to water quality is. The compound feed has reliable raw material source, stable and safe quality, is not easy to pollute water quality, and is suitable for large-scale greenhouse penaeus vannamei boone cultivation.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The vitamin mixture was produced according to the following formulation: (weight g/kg vitamin mixture)
Vitamin A30 vitamin D32
Vitamin E60 vitamin K34.5
Vitamin B130 vitamin B22
Vitamin B660 vitamin B124.5
Nicotinic acid 20 calcium pantothenate 20
Biotin 0.15 inositol 150
Folic acid 4 vitamin C275
Corncob meal 337.85
Weighing various vitamins according to the content in the formula, uniformly mixing the vitamins with the corncob meal, and sealing for later use.
The mineral element mixture was produced according to the following formulation: (weight g/kg mineral element mixture)
Copper sulfate 20 ferrous sulfate 100
Zinc sulfate 35 manganese sulfate 11
Cobalt chloride 0.55 sodium selenite 0.55
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 sodium dihydrogen phosphate 20
Zeolite powder 792.9
Weighing various mineral salts according to the content in the formula, drying for 2 hours at 100 ℃, crushing until 95 percent of the mineral salts pass through a standard sieve of 100 meshes, mixing with zeolite powder uniformly, and sealing for later use.
The anti-stress feed for the greenhouse-cultured penaeus vannamei boone is produced according to the following formula (by weight percent):
30% of fish meal and 10% of chicken powder
Shrimp meal 5% beer yeast 5%
16.3 percent of fermented soybean meal powder and 10 percent of sleeve-fish powder
Flour 10% and betaine 2%
Fish oil 3% and soybean lecithin 2%
Vitamin mixture 2% mineral element mixture 3%
Bacillus subtilis 0.2% and taurine 0.5%
According to the formula, the feed is prepared and produced according to a patent (a processing technology of anti-stress feed for culturing penaeus vannamei boone in a greenhouse) applied by the inventor. The feed is sealed and subpackaged by 20kg of light-resistant composite woven bags and stored at normal temperature.
In a greenhouse culture environment, the anti-stress feed for the penaeus vannamei boone cultured in the greenhouse and the feed for the penaeus vannamei boone in a commodity external pond are used for feeding the penaeus vannamei boone larvae. Through 90-day cultivation experiments, the survival rate of an experimental group (fed with the anti-stress feed for the penaeus vannamei boone cultured in the greenhouse) is 52.6 percent, and the yield is 435 kg/mu; the survival rate of a control group (fed with commercial penaeus vannamei feed in an outer pond) is 45.3 percent, and the yield is 320 kg/mu. And the water quality of the culture water body of the experimental group is better than that of the control group.
The test result proves that: compared with the commercial outside pond feed for the penaeus vannamei boone, the anti-stress feed for the penaeus vannamei boone cultured in the greenhouse can increase the survival rate and the culture yield.
Example 2
The formulation of the vitamin mixture and mineral element mixture in this example is the same as in example 1, and the feed formulation is (in weight percent):
50% of fish meal and 5% of chicken powder
3% of shrimp meal and 3% of beer yeast
Fermented soybean meal powder 10% and sleeve-fish powder 5%
Flour 15.3% betaine 1%
Fish oil 1% and soybean lecithin 1%
Vitamin mixture 1% mineral element mixture 4%
Bacillus subtilis 0.4% and taurine 0.3%
The production method was the same as in example 1.
Through a 90-day cultivation test, the survival rate of the penaeus vannamei boone cultivated in the greenhouse produced by the formula is 48.6%, and the yield is 420 kg/mu.
Example 3
The feed formula comprises (by weight percent):
10% of fish meal and 6% of chicken powder
10% of shrimp meal and 10% of beer yeast
29.3 percent of fermented soybean meal powder and 6 percent of sleeve-fish powder
Flour 12% and betaine 3%
Fish oil 5% and soybean lecithin 3%
Vitamin mixture 3% mineral element mixture 2%
Bacillus subtilis 0.5% and taurine 0.2%
The rest is the same as in example 2.
Through a 90-day cultivation test, the survival rate of the penaeus vannamei boone cultivated in a greenhouse and produced by the formula is 55.2%, and the yield is 451 kg/mu.
Claims (4)
1. The anti-stress feed for the penaeus vannamei cultivated in the greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
10-50% of fish meal and 5-10% of chicken powder
3-10% of shrimp meal and 3-10% of beer yeast
Fermented soybean meal powder 10-30% and squid powder 5-10%
Flour 10-16% betaine 1-3%
Fish oil 1-5 wt% and soybean lecithin 1-3 wt%
Vitamin mixture 1-3% and mineral element mixture 2-4%
0.1-0.5% of bacillus subtilis and 0.2-1% of taurine;
wherein,
the vitamin mixture comprises the following components in gram/kg of vitamin mixture:
20-40% of vitamin A, 31.0-3.0% of vitamin D
50-70% of vitamin E and 34.0-5.0% of vitamin K
Vitamin B120-40 vitamin B21.0-3.0
650-70% of vitamin B, 124.0-5.0% of vitamin B
10-30 parts of nicotinic acid calcium pantothenate
Biotin 0.10-0.20 inositol 100-200
Folic acid 3.0-5.0 vitamin C200-300
300-500 parts of corncob meal;
the mineral element mixture comprises the following components in gram/kg of mineral element mixture:
10-30 parts of copper sulfate and 80-120 parts of ferrous sulfate
30-40 parts of zinc sulfate, 8-15 parts of manganese sulfate
Cobalt chloride 0.50-0.60 sodium selenite 0.50-0.60
10-30 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-30 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate
700-850 parts of zeolite powder.
2. The greenhouse-cultured Penaeus vannamei anti-stress feed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
30% of fish meal and 10% of chicken powder
Shrimp meal 5% beer yeast 5%
16.3 percent of fermented soybean meal powder and 10 percent of sleeve-fish powder
Flour 10% and betaine 2%
Fish oil 3% and soybean lecithin 2%
Vitamin mixture 2% mineral element mixture 3%
0.2 percent of bacillus subtilis and 0.5 percent of taurine.
3. The greenhouse-cultivated Penaeus vannamei anti-stress feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vitamin mixture comprises the following components in grams per kilogram of vitamin mixture:
vitamin A30 vitamin D32
Vitamin E60 vitamin K34.5
Vitamin B130 vitamin B22
Vitamin B660 vitamin B124.5
Nicotinic acid 20 calcium pantothenate 20
Biotin 0.15 inositol 150
Folic acid 4 vitamin C275
Corncob meal 337.85.
4. The greenhouse-cultivated Penaeus vannamei anti-stress feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mineral element mixture comprises the following components in grams per kilogram of mineral element mixture:
copper sulfate 20 ferrous sulfate 100
Zinc sulfate 35 manganese sulfate 11
Cobalt chloride 0.55 sodium selenite 0.55
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 sodium dihydrogen phosphate 20
Zeolite powder 792.9.
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