A kind of preparation method of Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of feed addictive; Specifically relate to a kind of preparation method of Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives; Adopt Cordyceps sinensis phorozoon bacterial strain-Paecilomyces hepiali chen to carry out the Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives that inclined-plane cultivation, liquid fermentation, solid fermentation and later stage curing process are produced, belong to the feed addictive processing technique field.
Background technology
Mostly the additive that is adopted in the feed at present is antibiotic, chemical synthetic drug, hormone etc.; They are residual in animal body easily; The long-term use can make cultivated animals develop immunity to drugs or remain in the finished product (meat, egg, milk etc.) of cultivated animals, and food security is constituted a threat to; Directly or indirectly human health is worked the mischief, cause body impaired.Green feed additive has been represented future thrust;, noresidue pollution-free from broadly being meant, disease resistance, somatotrophic natural additive have been developed dissimilar additives such as Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, enzyme preparation, microorganism formulation, acidulant, mould inhibitor, compound sugar at present.
Use beneficial microbe and carry out the exploitation and the production of feed addictive, the new road of a development feed product is provided.Additive for microbe feedstuff is that feed industry and its feeding provide a kind of health, nontoxic, free of contamination selection.Because the bacterial classification through strict research, screening gained can be produced through microbial fermentation processes, not only output is high, be of high nutritive value, and easy to control the quality.After strictness is selected and has been limited raw material, add the environmental condition that strict sterilization is cultivated, its product is also pollution-free.Microorganism fodder additive is as the nuisanceless novel additive agent for feeding of a kind of high-quality; Because its biologically active, have improving food conversion ratio, promote animal growth, improve daily gain and production performance, enhancing premunition, improve unique effect such as feeding environment pollution.Microorganism fodder additive brings the huge economic benefit of our being not only, ecological benefits and green livestock products, brings a new change also will for whole feedstuff industry.Some modern researchs show that Chinese caterpillar fungus artificial fermentation's mycelial main pharmacology medicine changes into branch and is similar to the Chinese caterpillar fungus crude drug basically.Except that containing Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide, also have materials such as amino acid, trace element, D-sweet mellow wine and ergosterol, ucleosides, vitamins, gill fungus sugar, stearic acid in the cordyceps mycelia.In a word, the health-care effect of Chinese caterpillar fungus and metabolite is unique, and effect is remarkable, and the social demand amount grows with each passing day, and the optimistic prospect of marketing is arranged.In production in the past and the research all be with Chinese caterpillar fungus and metabolin thereof as medicine and health products, and existing multiple product comes out.Utilize cordyceps sinensis products to make feed addictive; Still there is not report abroad; Domestic close with this patent Chinese patent CN97107712.6 and pupa Paecilomyces varioti, Paecilomyces cicadae, paecilomyces gunniliang are only arranged is the feed addictive patent application of material, but difference is very obvious.The former is that mainly this patent involves a wide range of knowledge; Relating to known unknown bacterial classification reaches hundreds of; But Chinese caterpillar fungus not of the same race, zymotechnique are different, functional component is also different, effect is also inequality; Even some product meeting is toxic, and like the stinkbug Chinese caterpillar fungus, the active component of know for sure at present Chinese caterpillar fungus and phorozoon and the kind of health care are less.Paecilomyces varioti has been used in the enforcement of this patent; This problem is that the Paecilomyces varioti of mentioning is a very big genus here; Mean to comprise all Paecilomyces variotis, but the product of the different culture medium prescriptions of Paecilomyces varioti, different fermentations explained hereafter, and effect is different; Some can be used for animal health, and some can not even be harmful to.Back a few person's patents used bacterial classification be Paecilomyces varioti not of the same race, but zymotechnique all comparatively traditional handicraft, condition control complicacy.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of preparation method of Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives for overcoming the weak point of above-mentioned prior art, adopts Cordyceps sinensis phorozoon bacterial strain-Paecilomyces hepiali chen to carry out the Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives that inclined-plane cultivation, liquid fermentation, solid fermentation and later stage curing process are produced; It is different from the microorganism live bacteria preparation, also is different from conventional cordyceps sinensis products, and it has overcome the shortcoming of product in the past; The functional component that has kept Chinese caterpillar fungus to greatest extent; In addition, the husk powder in the production raw material is behind the degradation technique in specific high-temperature sterilization process; Become Oilgosaccharkdes through microbial conversion; Can better promote growth of animal, improve the conversion ratio of feed and reduce cost, and can be, improve survival rate and reduce cost because of improving animal immunizing power and disease resistance under the prerequisite of not medication or few medication.
The present invention realizes with following technical scheme: a kind of preparation method of Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises: bacterial classification spreads cultivation, strain fermentation, later stage slaking; Said bacterial classification is peacilomyce hepiahi bacterium kind (Paecilomyces hepiali Chen et Dai), and bacterial classification spreads cultivation and comprises original seed enlarged culture, the cultivation of slant tube bacterial classification and three steps of liquid shaking bottle seed culture; The fermentation of said bacterial classification comprises the fermentation of liquid seeds jar, liquid fermentation tank fermentation and solid-state fermentation tank fermentation; Said later stage slaking is with the material after the solid-state fermentation tank fermentation, inserts the net dish, puts into 25 ℃ of sterile workshop, carries out the later stage slaking; Concrete preparation method carries out as follows:
(1) original seed enlarged culture: the bacterial classification of separation and purification is inserted the wheat berry culture medium, put into 22 ℃ of incubators, incubation time is 15 days, treats that mycelia is covered with triangular flask and begins to produce spore to get final product; The slant tube bacterial classification is cultivated, and cultured former bacterial classification inoculation in slant tube, is put into 22 ℃ of incubators, and cultivation 7d treats that mycelia covers with test tube and get final product; The liquid shaking bottle seed culture, the 400ml culture medium of in the 1000ml triangular flask, packing into, 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 30min; To be cooled to room temperature; In culture medium in the cultured slant strains access triangular flask, place the constant-temperature shaking culture case, 22 ± 1 ℃ of temperature; Cultivate under the 180r/m condition, incubation time is 96h~120h;
(2) liquid fungus seed and solid fermentation: the fermentation of liquid seeds jar; The 50L fluid nutrient medium of in the 100L mechanical agitating fermentation tank, packing into, the pH value is 6.0~7.2, feeds wet-hot steam; Jar interior culture medium temperature maintenance is sterilized at 121 ℃~123 ℃, and sterilization time is 30min.Be cooled to 22 ℃ after the sterilization, 4 bottles of cultured liquid shaking bottle seeds inserted cultivate 22 ± 1 ℃ of cultivation temperature; The mixer rotating speed is 30r/m~50r/m, and logical filtrated air amount is 1:0.6V/V.min, tank pressure 0.03mpa~0.05mpa; Cultivate 72h, reach the growth index phase; Liquid fermentation tank is produced, the 1000L fluid nutrient medium of in the 2000L fermentation tank, packing into, and the pH value is 6.0~7.2; Feed wet-hot steam, jar interior culture medium temperature maintenance is sterilized at 121 ℃~123 ℃, sterilization time is 30min; Be cooled to 22 ℃ after the sterilization, the 50L liquid seeds of seeding tank all inserted liquid fermentation tank cultivate 22 ± 1 ℃ of incubation time cultivation temperature; The mixer rotating speed is 30r/m~50r/m, and logical filtrated air amount is 1:0.6V/V.min, tank pressure 0.03mpa~0.05mpa; Cultivate 48h, reach the growth index phase; Solid fermentation is inserted solid-state fermentation tank with solid material, adds suitable quantity of water, and its weight is material: water=9:1; After stirring, feed the wet-hot steam sterilization, the mixer rotating speed is 6r/m~15r/m; Jar interior culture medium temperature maintenance is sterilized at 121 ℃~123 ℃, and sterilization time is 1h, is cooled to 22 ℃ after the sterilization; The liquid seeds access solid fermentation culture medium of liquid fermentation tank is cultivated, and inoculum concentration is that every kg dry material inserts 100ml liquid seeds, 22 ± 1 ℃ of cultivation temperature; Logical filtrated air amount is 1:0.8V/V.min, tank pressure 0.03mpa~0.06mpa, and every separated 12h stirs once; The mixer rotating speed is 3r/m~5r/m, stirs 5min at every turn, cultivates 72h;
(3) later stage slaking: the ferment solid material of 72h of solid-state fermentation tank is put in the clean net dish, is positioned in 24 ℃ of aseptic draft chambers and carries out the later stage slaking, thickness of feed layer is 5cm, can dry pulverizing behind the slaking 72h, both cross behind 100 mesh sieves finished product.
Described slant medium prescription comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: potato 100g, and wheat bran 20g, glucose 10g, yeast extract powder 5g, peptone 5g, agar powder 20g adds water to 1L, and pH is 6.0~7.2.
Described liquid shaking bottle culture medium prescription comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: bean cake powder 15g, groundnut meal 10g, white granulated sugar 20g, glucose 10g, yeast extract powder 5g, add water to 1L, pH is 6.0~7.2.
Described liquid seeds jar culture medium prescription comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: bean cake powder 15g, groundnut meal 10g, white granulated sugar 30g,, dusty yeast 5g,, MgSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
40.5g, behind each component mixing moisturizing to 1L, pH be 6.0~7.2.
Described liquid fermentation tank culture medium prescription comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: bean cake powder 15g, groundnut meal 10g, white granulated sugar 30g,, dusty yeast 5g, MgSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
40.5g, moisturizing is to 1L behind each component mixing, and to use saturated NaOH solution adjust pH be 6.8.
Described solid-state fermentation tank culture medium prescription comprises the raw material of following weight ratio: bean cake powder 250g, husk powder 50g, wheat bran 50g, corn flour 650g, MgSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
40.5g, pH is 6.0~7.2.
Advantage of the present invention is: this Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives has unique advance: (1), bacterial strain uses therefor are a kind of health care food production bacterial classification; Be applied to animal health still product-free appear on the market, have leading consciousness and top standard, its security simultaneously and validity are easy to accepted and approve by the people; (2), animal test results shows: not only improve food conversion ratio and practice thrift cost; Increase the meat animals body weight sooner and improve output; And can under the prerequisite of not medication or few medication,, the immunoregulation capability that strengthens animal reduce cost because of improving its survival rate; Only need addition seldom just can reach good gaining effect, (specifically use case is for example shown in table 1 and the table 2) increased weight 10%~25% in comparable contrast like 0.2% addition; Novel Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives has disease-resistant significantly, growth promoting function, and have that toxic and side effect is little, drug residue free, advantage such as have no drug resistance, be wide spectrum of new generation, efficient green feed addictive; (3), produce the Chinese caterpillar fungus feed feed addictive also have raw material sources wide, be prone to produce, with low cost, quality controllable, easy to use, be widely used and characteristics such as actual effect is good; (4), the mycelia of solid culture and the active component that is secreted in the residue culture matrix thereof are used as additive raw material after slaking postmenstruation together in the production process, thereby maximally utilise resource, pursued bigger economic and social benefit, and pollution-free; (5) validity of products is advanced, and product can not only improve immunity and the production performance of animal significantly, and can improve significantly animal products quality, improve its trophic structure and local flavor.
Table 1 Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives is to the influence of blue or green pin fiber crops chicken production performance
Annotate: through the biometrics variance analysis, add Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives and respectively organize gaining effect and all be higher than the blank group significantly, difference reaches the level of signifiance (P < 0.05).Feedstuff-meat ratio is through the t check analysis: experimental group and control group be t=u=2.703 relatively, and P < 0.01.A, b represent that difference reaches the level of signifiance (P < 0.05) in the table, and A, B represent that difference reaches the utmost point level of signifiance (P < 0.01)
Table 2 Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives is to the influence of weanling pig production performance
Annotate: the production performance index is not made comparisons in the different days, only to identical age in days blank control group and experimental group comparative analysis.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further explain:
Embodiment,
The preparation method of Chinese caterpillar fungus feed additives comprises the steps:
(1) bacterial classification is cultivated
A, original seed enlarged culture
The bacterial classification of separation and purification is inserted the wheat berry culture medium, put into 22 ℃ of incubators, incubation time is 15 days, treats that mycelia is covered with triangular flask and begins to produce spore to get final product;
The wheat berry culture medium is: after wheat berry is soaked 24h, take out wheat berry as for the 500ml triangular flask, every bottled amount of going into wheat berry is amounted to dried wheat 50g, 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 30min, and it is subsequent use to be cooled to room temperature.
B, slant tube bacterial classification are cultivated
Cultured former bacterial classification inoculation in slant tube, is put into 22 ℃ of incubators, cultivate 7d, treat that mycelia covers with test tube and get final product;
The raw material weight ratio of slant medium is: potato 100g, wheat bran 20g, glucose 10g, yeast extract powder 5g, peptone 5g, agar powder 20g; Add water to 1L, pH is that 6.0~7.2 (wherein potato and wheat bran all need add water 300ml; After boiling 20min, 4 layers of filtered through gauze are got and are soaked juice).
C, liquid shaking bottle seed culture
The 400ml culture medium of in the 1000ml triangular flask, packing into, 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 30min, to be cooled to room temperature; In culture medium in the cultured slant strains access triangular flask, place the constant-temperature shaking culture case, 22 ± 1 ℃ of temperature; Cultivate under the 180r/m condition, incubation time is 96h~120h;
Liquid shaking bottle culture medium weight proportion is: bean cake powder 15g, groundnut meal 10g, white granulated sugar 20g, glucose 10g, yeast extract powder 5g, add water to 1L, pH is 6.0~7.2.
(2) liquid fungus seed and solid fermentation
A, the fermentation of liquid seeds jar
The 50L fluid nutrient medium of in the 100L mechanical agitating fermentation tank, packing into, the pH value is 6.0~7.2, feeds wet-hot steam, and jar interior culture medium temperature maintenance is sterilized at 121 ℃~123 ℃, sterilization time is 30min.Be cooled to 22 ℃ after the sterilization, 4 bottles of cultured liquid shaking bottle seeds inserted cultivate 22 ± 1 ℃ of cultivation temperature; The mixer rotating speed is 30r/m~50r/m, and logical filtrated air amount is 1:0.6V/V.min, tank pressure 0.03mpa~0.05mpa; Cultivate 72h, reach the growth index phase to get final product;
Liquid seeds jar culture medium weight proportion is: bean cake powder 15g, groundnut meal 10g, white granulated sugar 30g,, dusty yeast 5g,, MgSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
40.5g, behind each component mixing moisturizing to 1L, pH be 6.0~7.2.
B, liquid fermentation tank production
The 1000L fluid nutrient medium of in the 2000L fermentation tank, packing into, the pH value is 6.0~7.2, feeds wet-hot steam, and jar interior culture medium temperature maintenance is sterilized at 121 ℃~123 ℃, sterilization time is 30min.Be cooled to 22 ℃ after the sterilization; The 50L liquid seeds of seeding tank is all inserted the liquid fermentation tank cultivation, 22 ± 1 ℃ of incubation time cultivation temperature, the mixer rotating speed is 30r/m~50r/m; Logical filtrated air amount is 1:0.6V/V.min; Tank pressure 0.03mpa~0.05mpa cultivates 48h, reaches the growth index phase to get final product;
Liquid fermentation tank culture medium weight proportion is: bean cake powder 15g, groundnut meal 10g, white granulated sugar 30g,, dusty yeast 5g, MgSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
40.5g, moisturizing is to 1L behind each component mixing, and to use saturated NaOH solution adjust pH be 6.8.
C, solid fermentation
With solid material (bean cake powder 250kg, husk powder 50kg, wheat bran 50kg, corn flour 650kg, MgSO
40.5kg, KH
2PO
40.5kg, pH is 6.0~7.2) insert solid-state fermentation tank, add suitable quantity of water, its weight is material: water=9:1, after stirring; The sterilization of feeding wet-hot steam, the mixer rotating speed is 6r/m~15r/m, and jar interior culture medium temperature maintenance is sterilized at 121 ℃~123 ℃, sterilization time is 1h; Be cooled to 22 ℃ after the sterilization, the liquid seeds access solid fermentation culture medium of liquid fermentation tank is cultivated, inoculum concentration is the 100L liquid seeds, 22 ± 1 ℃ of cultivation temperature; Logical filtrated air amount is 1:0.8V/V.min, tank pressure 0.03mpa~0.06mpa, and every separated 12h stirs once; The mixer rotating speed is 3r/m~5r/m, stirs 5min at every turn, cultivates 72h and gets final product.
D, later stage slaking
The ferment solid material of 72h of solid-state fermentation tank is put in the clean net dish; Be positioned in 24 ℃ of aseptic draft chambers and carry out the later stage slaking, thickness of feed layer is 5cm, can dry pulverizing behind the slaking 72h; Both cross behind 100 mesh sieves finished product, after the assay was approved packing product.