The mounting method in prefabricated kitchen
The application be application number be " 201110064506.5 ", the applying date are March 17 in 2011 day, be called the dividing an application of Chinese invention patent application of " prefabricated kitchen and construction thereof and mounting method ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mounting method of building, relate in particular to a kind of mounting method of prefabricated kitchen, the present invention can be widely used in all kinds of highrise buildings.
Background technology
The kitchen is the indispensable part of housing construction, general at present following two kinds of methods construction kitchen of adopting:
The one, directly the kitchen is built on cast-in-situ concrete framework and step by step tray piece ground in the building site; This is a kitchen construction method the most traditional and that generally use; This traditional kitchen construction method long construction period; Construction cost is high, and owing to the nonstandard quality specifications in kitchen that causes of use of constructional materials can not well be guaranteed.
The 2nd, self-contained kitchen is prefabricated in the factory; Then it being transported to the building site installs; Concrete steps comprise: at first building prefabricated kitchen away from the place of construction site, in needs, be transported to the on-the-spot use in building site then on request, be cast with the kitchen range top in the prefabricated kitchen; Be provided with water supply and sewerage pipeline, wash bowl; Only need during installation prefabricated kitchen is done on the as a whole floor that is placed on the band groove of delimiting in advance, next-door neighbour's structure wall is inserted cement paste in seam areas then and is got final product.Though the method in this prefabricated self-contained kitchen can shorten construction period, and can guarantee that there is unified quality specifications in the kitchen, but still have following defective: prefabricated kitchen directly is placed on the floor plate; Only through simple concavo-convex cooperation location; Be shifted easily, firm inadequately, in addition; Whole bodies of wall, base plate and the ceiling in this prefabricated kitchen all will tie up certain width and height space, cause the space in prefabricated kitchen littler than the space in traditional cast-in-place kitchen thus.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of mounting method that can save the stable prefabricated kitchen in space, sound construction.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to solve the problems of the technologies described above: a kind of mounting method of prefabricated kitchen; Said prefabricated kitchen comprises the bottom board unit that is mutually permanently connected, four metope unit and ceiling unit, and said bottom board unit, metope unit and ceiling unit are built by steel concrete and formed; Said mounting method may further comprise the steps:
Step D: leveling is used to install the flooring in prefabricated kitchen, a structure floor plate is laid on the edge of said flooring;
Step e: said prefabricated kitchen is tiled on the said flooring, overlaps the transverse reinforcement of prefabricated kitchen bottom board unit and the bottom reinforcement bars net on the said structure floor plate fixing each other;
Step F: through the temporary fixed said prefabricated kitchen of bracing frame, make between said prefabricated kitchen and the said flooring to have the space, in the space, insert cement mortar;
Step G: at the satisfactory concrete of the online casting of said bottom reinforcement bars, thereby the bottom board unit in said prefabricated kitchen and said structure floor plate strong bonded are one;
Step H: at least one wall element in prefabricated kitchen and the wall element of contiguous floors are connected.
Said step D specifically comprises the steps:
Step D1: delimit a flooring that is used to put prefabricated kitchen, flatten and clean out said flooring;
Step D2: build a support in the adjacent position of said flooring;
Step D3: on said support, lay a structure floor plate.
In said step e, can said prefabricated kitchen and contiguous floors be locked together through temporary fixed nut and fixed mount when being tiled in said prefabricated kitchen on the said flooring, with temporary fixed said prefabricated kitchen.
When the metope unit is full precast construction wall; This full precast construction wall is provided with connecting hole that stretches into from the body of wall bottom in the body of wall and the grout hole that is arranged at metope; Said connecting hole and grout hole are interconnected and are formed with a grouting channel; The connecting hole of this full precast construction wall docks with the connecting hole of contiguous floors structural wall, and said step H specifically comprises the steps:
In the grouting channel of said full precast construction wall, insert inner reinforcing bar;
Grout hole through said full precast construction wall pours into cement mortar to said grouting channel, and the structural wall of said full precast construction wall and contiguous floors is connected as a single entity.
When the metope unit was half precast construction wall, the outside of this half precast construction wall had concavo-convex alternate rough external surface, and said step H specifically comprises the steps:
Roll reinforcing bar in the said half precast construction wall outside and make it and the prefabricated exposed steel bar at following one deck structural wall top overlaps with formation exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement each other; In the said exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement outside cast-in-place template is installed then; And in being held fixing exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement, injecting satisfactory concrete to form the cast-in-place structural wall, this cast-in-place structural wall and said half precast construction wall strong bonded form complete structure outer.
After said step H, also comprise: after forming said complete structure outer, remove cast-in-place template and said temporary fixed nut, fixed mount, support and bracing frame.
Compare with prior art; The present invention has following useful technique effect: 1) the metope unit in prefabricated kitchen is as the part of fabric structure wall or fabric structure wall; Bottom board unit and ceiling unit are as the part of structure floor plate; Can reduce prefabricated kitchen body of wall thus to the tying up of space in the kitchen, make the kitchen interior space open relatively; 2) transverse reinforcement on the bottom board unit edge in prefabricated kitchen interconnects with the reinforcing bar that is positioned at the structure floor plate of its outer rim; And toward top casting concrete; Said bottom board unit and structure floor plate are connected as a single entity; Thereby guarantee kitchen base unit steady quality, in conjunction with tight, the difficult displacement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure sketch map in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of building base unit and prefabricated kitchen the latter half profile of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the inner grouting channel of manufacturing body of wall of prefabricated kitchen of the present invention construction method;
Fig. 4 be the prefabricated kitchen of the present invention construction method transverse reinforcement and vertical reinforcement be connected sketch map;
Fig. 5 is the sketch map of casting concrete, formation base unit and prefabricated kitchen the latter half of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the sketch map of dismounting punching block of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the sketch map of the prefabricated kitchen of handling the latter half of prefabricated kitchen of the present invention construction method;
Fig. 8 is the sketch map of building prefabricated kitchen the first half and ceiling unit steel mesh reinforcement of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the sketch map of installation upper inner mould of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 10 is horizontal stiffener and the method for attachment sketch map of vertical stiffener of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the sketch map of installation upper outside mould of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the sketch map of casting concrete, formation prefabricated kitchen the first half and the ceiling unit of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 13 is dismounting upper inner aluminium film and the sketch map of outside punching block of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 14 is installation Asiatic water closet pan or the sketch map of toilet bowl of the construction method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the connected structure sketch map of the half precast construction wall in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 16 is connected structure and the structure and the position view of exposed steel bar 39 of the half precast construction wall in the prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the sketch map that the present invention passes through the prefabricated kitchen of suspension bracket 40 handlings;
Figure 18 is the delimitation installation site (flooring) of the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention, the sketch map of layout back-up block;
Figure 19 is the sketch map of building support of the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the sketch map of laying structure floor plate of the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 21 is the method sketch map of installation bottom reinforcement bars net 42 of the mounting method in the prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 22 is the connection sketch map of base unit transverse reinforcement 18 of the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 23 be the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention casting concrete, make base unit and structure floor plate become the sketch map of one;
Figure 24 is that the position of the full precast construction wall grout hole 1212 in the prefabricated kitchen of the present invention concerns sketch map;
Figure 25 is the method for attachment sketch map of the full precast construction wall of prefabricated kitchen of the present invention mounting method;
Figure 26 is the method sketch map of the formation exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement 43 of prefabricated kitchen of the present invention mounting method;
Figure 27 is the sketch map of building cast-in-place template and exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement 43 of the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention;
Figure 28 is striking 29 and the method sketch map of bracing frame 28 of the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Like Fig. 1, Figure 22, shown in Figure 27; Prefabricated kitchen of the present invention comprises the bottom board unit that is mutually permanently connected 11, four metope unit 12 and ceiling unit 13; Said bottom board unit 11, four metope unit 12 and ceiling unit 13 are built by steel concrete and are formed; Said metope unit 12 is provided with window, is embedded with water supply and sewerage pipeline, subsidiary conduit and illumination control box in it, and the kitchen range top 37 and wash bowl 44 (Figure 14) are installed in the said prefabricated kitchen.The above-mentioned technical characterictic and the prior art in prefabricated kitchen are basic identical, and the special feature that the prefabricated kitchen of the present invention is different from prior art is:
Have the part of a metope unit in said four metope unit 12 at least as fabric structure wall or fabric structure wall; The metope unit during as the fabric structure wall the present invention be called full precast construction wall 121 (referring to Figure 25); The metope unit during as fabric structure wall a part of the present invention be called half precast construction wall, 122, half precast construction walls 122 and must combine with part cast-in-place structural wall and could constitute complete structural wall (referring to Figure 27).Said full precast construction wall 121 is provided with the connected structure that is fixedly connected with the abutment structure wall with half precast construction wall 122.Is actually or prefabricated kitchen adopted full precast construction wall to adopt half precast construction wall and need be set to structural wall by which body of wall? Those skilled in the art can confirm according to the load situation of building masonry wall fully.
Said bottom board unit 11 is as the part of structure floor plate, and this bottom board unit 11 has edge, a limit to be provided with transverse reinforcement 18 (referring to Figure 22), said transverse reinforcement level stretch out a segment length and with the reinforcing bar of abutment structure floor plate overlap joint is fixing mutually.That is to say; The embodiment of the invention is through interconnecting transverse reinforcement on bottom board unit 11 edges in kitchen 18 and the reinforcing bar that is positioned at the structure floor plate of its outer rim; And, said bottom board unit 11 is connected as a single entity with the structure floor plate, thereby guarantees kitchen base unit 11 steady qualities toward top casting concrete; In conjunction with tight, the difficult displacement.
Shown in figure 25; The connected structure of said full precast construction wall 121 comprises the connecting hole 1211 and the grout hole 1212 that is arranged at metope that stretches into body of wall inside from the body of wall lower limb, and said connecting hole 1211 is interconnected with grout hole 1212 and is formed with a grouting channel 1214.Said connecting hole 1211 docks with the connecting hole of the structural wall of contiguous floors; Be inserted with inner reinforcing bar 38 in the connecting hole of said grouting channel 1214 and said butt joint; Fill cement mortar through said grout hole 1212 to the connecting hole of said grouting channel 1214 and said butt joint, said full precast construction wall 121 is connected as a single entity with the structural wall of contiguous floors.
Shown in figure 15, the outside of said half precast construction wall 122 has concavo-convex alternate rough external surface, and its thickness is littler than the integral thickness of fabric structure wall; Said concavo-convex alternate rough external surface is as the connected structure of said half precast construction wall 122, and fusing with the cast-in-place structural wall that is positioned at its lateral surface constitutes complete structural wall.Like Figure 26 and shown in Figure 27, said cast-in-place structural contains exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement 43 within the walls, and said exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement 43 is connected with the prefabricated exposed steel bar 39 of the fabric structure wall of following one deck.
Like Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 12; The upper surface of said bottom board unit 11 and ceiling unit 13 is respectively arranged with first steel hook 141 and second suspension hook 142 of convenient lifting; Said second suspension hook is hidden in the body of wall of said bottom board unit 11 and ceiling unit 13 inner, and is fixedly connected with said transverse reinforcement 18.
Be the construction method in the prefabricated kitchen of example explanation the present invention to adopt full precast construction wall below, this construction method such as Fig. 2 may further comprise the steps to shown in Figure 16:
1) builds the base unit 11 in prefabricated kitchen and the lower part (Fig. 2) of four metope unit 12 through bottom punching block 16 and upright punching block 17;
2) the cavity pipes 31 of punching block 16 bottom conflict of upright punching block 17 interior placements therein are used to make from the body of wall lower limb and stretch into the inner grouting channel 1214 (Fig. 3) of body of wall;
3) transverse reinforcement 18 and vertical reinforcement 19 are fastened and are separately fixed in said bottom punching block 16 and the upright punching block 17; Water supply and sewerage pipeline 15 with first steel hook 141, kitchen range top gas flue and wash bowl 44 is embedded in respectively in said bottom punching block 16 and the said upright punching block 17 then; Said first steel hook 14 firmly is connected with said transverse reinforcement 18, as shown in Figure 4;
4) pour satisfactory concrete into inner space that said bottom punching block 16 and upright punching block 17 surround, as shown in Figure 5;
5) treat to remove said upright punching block 17 and cavity pipe 31 after concrete reaches certain intensity, thereby form the base unit 11 and prefabricated kitchen the latter half 51 (Fig. 6) in prefabricated kitchen;
6) above step is built the base unit of accomplishing 11 and arrive another building site, carry out the construction of prefabricated kitchen the first half 52 and ceiling unit 13 with the latter half 51 handlings of prefabricated kitchen, as shown in Figure 7; Can certainly carry out the construction of prefabricated kitchen the first half 52 and ceiling unit 13 in same building site, so step 6) is inessential step;
The structure reinforcing bars 32 that 7) will form top, metope unit and ceiling unit 13 profiles docks with the vertical exposed steel bar at the latter half 51 tops, said prefabricated kitchen, forms the framework of four complete metope unit 12 and ceiling unit 13, and is as shown in Figure 8;
8) in said four metope unit 12 with framework disposed inboard upper inner mould 20 (Fig. 9) of ceiling unit 13; Said upper inner mould 20 can be an aluminum alloy pattern plate, steel form or wooden form;
9) prick horizontal stiffener 21 of volume and vertical stiffener 22 at the outward flange of said upper inner mould 20, said horizontal stiffener 21 is interconnected to form steel mesh reinforcement with said structure reinforcing bars 32 respectively with vertical stiffener 22, and is shown in figure 10;
10) arrange upper outside mould 23 (can be aluminum alloy pattern plate, steel form or wooden form) in the framework outside of said four metope unit 12 and ceiling unit 13; Through adjustment (adjusting) lever 35 make said second fixedly punching block 23 preserve vertically; And make said steel mesh reinforcement by firm grip between said upper inner mould 20 and upper outside mould 23, shown in figure 11;
11) cold water pipes 33, hot water pipeline 34 and illumination control box 36 are installed in the appropriate location on said four metope unit 12 frameworks; The outward flange and the said structure reinforcing bars 32 that second steel hook 142 are embedded in said upper inner mould 20 interconnect, and pour satisfactory concrete into the said first fixing fixing inner space (Figure 12) that surrounds of punching block 23 of punching block 20 and second then;
12) treat to remove said upper inner mould 20 and upper outside mould 23 after concrete reaches certain intensity, thereby accomplish the construction of prefabricated kitchen the first half 52, shown in figure 13;
13) kitchen range top 37, wash bowl 44 and tile fixing 41 are installed in prefabricated kitchen, shown in figure 14.
Can build completion prefabricated kitchen of the present invention through above step, four metope unit that obtain are full precast construction wall.And the construction method of half precast construction wall is originally similar with the full precast construction wall base; Difference does not need to be provided with, to remove cavity pipe 31 when being to build half precast construction wall; Promptly need not build grouting channel 1214, only need to adopt particular manufacturing craft that the metope unit of half precast construction wall is manufactured concavo-convex alternate matsurface and get final product (like Figure 15).
The embodiment of the invention is convenient to handling in order to make the prefabricated kitchen of building completion; Second steel hook 142 is set on the ceiling unit 13 in prefabricated kitchen; This second steel hook 142 interconnects with said structure reinforcing bars 32; Thereby withhold said second steel hook 142 (like Figure 17) through a suspension bracket 40, just prefabricated kitchen can be installed to the appointed place by handling.In addition; The present invention can also be provided with two temporary fixed nuts 24 that are used for the metope unit of the vertical contiguous floors of temporary transient connection when prefabricated kitchen is installed by a metope unit external surface in said four metope unit 12, with the attachment security between the storied building, tight in the further assurance.
Introduce the mounting method in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention below, said mounting method such as Figure 18 may further comprise the steps to shown in Figure 23:
1) delimits one and be used to install the flooring 25 of putting prefabricated kitchen, flatten and clean out said flooring 25 (Figure 18);
2) build a support 29 (Figure 19) in the adjacent position of said flooring 25;
3) on said support 29, lay a structure floor plate 26, shown in figure 20;
4) bottom reinforcement bars net 42 is installed on said structure floor plate 26, shown in figure 21;
5) said prefabricated kitchen is tiled on the said flooring 25; Said prefabricated kitchen and contiguous floors are temporarily locked together with fixed mount 30 (like Figure 16) through temporary fixed nut 24 then; Transverse reinforcement 18 with said prefabricated kitchen bottom board unit overlaps fixing, shown in figure 22 with said bottom reinforcement bars net 42 each other again;
6) through bracing frame 28 temporary fixed said prefabricated kitchens (Figure 22), make between said prefabricated kitchen and the said flooring 25 to have the space, in the space, insert cement mortar; Space between prefabricated kitchen described in this step and the said flooring 25 is at least 10 millimeters;
7) at the satisfactory concrete of said bottom reinforcement bars net 42 top castings, thereby the bottom board unit in said prefabricated kitchen 11 is one with said structure floor plate 26 strong bonded, and is shown in figure 23;
Above step has realized the installation of bottom board unit 11 in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention and fixing, is example with full precast construction wall 121 and half precast construction wall 122 respectively below, introduces the mounting method of the metope unit in prefabricated kitchen of the present invention.
When the metope unit is full precast construction wall 121; Mounting method is: in the grouting channel 1214 of full precast construction wall 121, insert inner reinforcing bar 38; Grout hole 1212 (like Figure 24 and Figure 25) through said full precast construction wall 121 pours into cement mortar to said grouting channel 1214, and the said full precast construction wall 121 and the structural wall of contiguous floors are connected as a single entity.
When the metope unit was half precast construction wall 122, mounting method was shown in Figure 26 to Figure 27:
Like Figure 26; Prefabricated exposed steel bar 39s from the fabric structure wall top of 122 times one decks of said half precast construction wall; Make progress at said half precast construction wall, 122 lateral overlap reinforcing bars and it is overlapped with prefabricated exposed steel bar 39 each other and fix, with formation exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement 43.
Like Figure 27; Cast-in-place template 1223 is installed in the outside of said exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement 43; In being held fixing exterior wall steel mesh reinforcement 43, inject satisfactory concrete then to form the cast-in-place structural wall, this cast-in-place structural wall and said half precast construction wall, 122 strong bonded form complete structure outer.
At last, after forming said complete structure outer, need to remove cast-in-place template 1223, temporary fixed nut 24 and fixed mount 30 (like Figure 28), so that recycle when building next floor.
The above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.All any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.