CN102758216A - Method for homogenizing current distribution in aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell - Google Patents

Method for homogenizing current distribution in aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102758216A
CN102758216A CN2011101099434A CN201110109943A CN102758216A CN 102758216 A CN102758216 A CN 102758216A CN 2011101099434 A CN2011101099434 A CN 2011101099434A CN 201110109943 A CN201110109943 A CN 201110109943A CN 102758216 A CN102758216 A CN 102758216A
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China
Prior art keywords
cathode
steel bar
aluminum
cathode steel
current
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CN2011101099434A
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CN102758216B (en
Inventor
周东方
杨晓东
刘雅锋
刘伟
邹智勇
刘铭
胡红武
张钦菘
白斌
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Shenyang Aluminum and Magnesium Engineering and Research Institute Co Ltd
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Shenyang Aluminum and Magnesium Engineering and Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201110109943.4A priority Critical patent/CN102758216B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/000564 priority patent/WO2012146063A1/en
Priority to CA2834290A priority patent/CA2834290C/en
Publication of CN102758216A publication Critical patent/CN102758216A/en
Priority to NO20131582A priority patent/NO347721B1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/16Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, in particular to a method for homogenizing current distribution in aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolytic cell. At least one cathode steel bar is bound or cast at the lower part of a cathode carbon block, and the cathode steel bar is segmented into a plurality of parts in different positions by partition joints in the length direction; cathode steel bars among the partition joints are completely connected with the cathode carbon block through electric conductors, and the rest of the cathode steel bars on the partition joints are completely insulated with the cathode carbon block through insulators; partition joint insulating material is filled in each partition joint, so that the cathode steel bars on and below the partition joints are insulated; and one end of the cathode steel bar penetrates out of the side part of the electrolytic cell. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the current distribution in the aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolytic cell is homogenized, horizontal current in the aluminum liquid is greatly reduced, the stability of the electrolytic cell is improved, the electrolytic cell can operate with high efficiency at low polar distance, the aluminum energy consumption per ton can be effectively reduced, the energy-saving effect is significant and the service life of a cathode is simultaneously prolonged.

Description

The method of distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor
Technical field
The present invention relates to Hall-Ai Lu electrolytic process and produce the aluminium cell of primary aluminum, specifically, the present invention relates to the method for distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor.
Background technology
Metallic aluminium adopts fused salt electrolysis process to produce in industry, i.e. electrolytic dissolution is the aluminum oxide in the ionogen of staple at the fused sodium aluminum fluoride, and the main at present method that adopts is Hall-Ai Lu (Hall-Heroult) electrolytic process.
The direct equipment of producing electrolytic aluminum is electrolyzer, and electrolyzer mainly contains the two parts to be formed, and a part is an anode, is processed by carbon materials usually, and another part is a negative electrode, is built by laying bricks or stones by charcoal piece and inner lining material to form.
Aluminium cell is connected in the whole electrolytic series, and electric current gets into electrolyzer from anode, through the fused ionogen; Pass liquid aluminium liquid; Get into cathode carbon pieces, electric current is collected through the cathode steel bar that is assemblied in the cathode carbon pieces, imports next electrolyzer through negative busbar.
Existing cathode structure of aluminium cell is: cathode steel bar is equipped with in the bottom at cathode carbon pieces; All adopt between cathode steel bar and the charcoal piece and prick the modes of sticking with paste or watering ferrophosphorus and be connected; Each cathode carbon pieces is equipped with one or two cathode steel bars; Cathode steel bar and cathode carbon pieces be horizontal positioned in the same way, and the sidewall that an end of cathode steel bar stretches out electrolyzer is connected with negative busbar.The electrolyzer of this structure; There is a very large shortcoming in cathode conductive structure: because cathode steel bar and cathode carbon pieces horizontal positioned in the same way; Cause producing very large horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, the vertical magnetic field acting in conjunction produces electromagnetic force in this horizontal current and the aluminium liquid, and this electromagnetic force drives liquid aluminium liquid and in electrolyzer, flows and fluctuation; If the horizontal current in the electrolyzer is excessive and skewness; Will cause the fluctuation of aluminium liquid and electrolyte interface excessive, make electrolyzer produce serious unstable aborning, reduce current efficiency.In addition, horizontal current distributes along the length direction skewness of cathode carbon pieces in the aluminium liquid, makes that place, the end current density of cathode carbon pieces is maximum, thereby significantly accelerates the corrosion of cathode carbon pieces here, reduces the life-span of electrolyzer.
In order to improve the stability of electrolyzer, common way is the perpendicular field profile in the strict control aluminium liquid in the design of electrolyzer, and this has not only increased the negative busbar difficulty of design, and causes cathode arrangement complicated, and the bus consumption is big, and investment increases.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above the distribution of current in the homogenizing aluminium liquid, the stability of raising electrolyzer; Proposed the method for distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor, its objective is the horizontal current that reduces in the aluminium liquid, made in the aluminium liquid distribution of current more even; Thereby significantly improve the stability of electrolyzer; Make electrolyzer significantly reduce a ton aluminium energy consumption efficiently and smoothly operated than hanging down under the pole span, the while cathode current density more becomes even; Reduce the speed of cathode abrasion, prolong cathode life.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes through following technical proposals:
The method of distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor; Prick solid or at least one cathode steel bar of casting in the cathode carbon pieces bottom; Cathode steel bar is separated along its length and is sewn on different positions and is divided into several parts; Part between the cathode steel bar divide seam on every partitioning slot all adopts electrical conductor to be connected with cathode carbon pieces, and the cathode steel bar of rest part all adopts isolator and cathode carbon pieces to insulate, the interior employing of partitioning slot partitioning slot filling insulating material; Make partitioning slot two portions cathode steel bar insulation up and down, an end of cathode steel bar passes from the sidepiece of electrolyzer.
Described electrical conductor is carbon paste or ferrophosphorus.
Described cathode steel bar is partly pricked solid or is cast in the cathode carbon pieces.
The quantity of the partitioning slot in the described every cathode steel bar is 1 ~ 20.
The cross-sectional shape of described cathode steel bar is square, circular, semicircle, trapezoidal or trilateral.
1-50 root cathode steel bar is installed in described every group of cathode carbon pieces bottom.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are following: the present invention has very strong practicality, do not change negative electrode go out electric mode be sidepiece go out the electricity condition under, significantly reduced the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid; Homogenizing the distribution of current in the aluminium liquid; Increased substantially the stability of electrolyzer, prolonged cathode life, electrolyzer can be efficiently and smoothly operated under low pole span condition; Reduce ton aluminium energy consumption effectively, had obvious energy-saving effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cathode construction of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cathode carbon pieces of the present invention and cathode steel bar unitized construction synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the plan structure figure of Fig. 2 cathode carbon pieces and cathode steel bar unitized construction.
Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is that the structural representation in the cathode carbon pieces is partly pricked admittedly or cast in to cathode carbon pieces
Among the figure, 1, cathode carbon pieces; 2, cathode steel bar; 3, partitioning slot; 4, partitioning slot insulating material; 5, isolator; 6, electrical conductor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limit by embodiment.
As shown in the figure; The method of distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor of the present invention; Prick solid or at least one cathode steel bar 2 of casting in cathode carbon pieces 1 bottom; Cathode steel bar 2 is divided into up and down three parts by two partitioning slot 3 along its length, adopts isolator 5 to be connected between the cathode steel bar 2 of part and the charcoal piece 1 between two partitioning slot 3, below under partitioning slot 3 partly cathode steel bar 2 be connected with cathode carbon pieces 1 employing isolator 5; All adopt electrical conductor 6 to be connected between the cathode steel bar 2 of rest part and the cathode carbon pieces 1; Adopt partitioning slot insulating material 4 to fill in the partitioning slot 3, make cathode steel bar 2 insulation of partitioning slot 3 top and the bottom, an end of cathode steel bar 2 passes from the sidepiece of electrolyzer; Electrical conductor 6 is carbon paste or ferrophosphorus, and cathode steel bar 2 all or part of bundles are consolidated or cast in the cathode carbon pieces 1, and the cross-sectional shape of cathode steel bar 2 is square, circular, semicircle, trapezoidal or trilateral, and 1-50 root cathode steel bar can be installed in every group of cathode carbon pieces 1 bottom.
The quantity of the partitioning slot 3 in the above-mentioned every cathode steel bar 2 can be 1 ~ 20.
The present invention is not changing under the condition that negative electrode goes out electric mode, the mode of connection of structure, cathode steel bar and cathode carbon pieces through changing cathode steel bar etc., the combined resistance of adjusting cathode carbon pieces and cathode steel bar; Homogenizing the distribution of current in the aluminium liquid; Significantly reduced the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, improved the stability of electrolyzer, made the electrolyzer can efficient stable production under low pole span condition; Reduced ton aluminium energy consumption effectively, energy-saving effect is obvious.Reach distribution of current, reduction horizontal current, the stable purpose of raising electrolyzer in the homogenizing aluminium liquid.
Present embodiment has been just listed out a kind of method that adopts distribution of current in two partitioning slot homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquors; Also only be directed against accompanying drawing in the embodiment of this patent; Realization measure to present method is described, and embodiment limits in this patent but this patent protection domain does not receive.

Claims (6)

1. the method for distribution of current in the homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor; It is characterized in that structure is following: prick solid or at least one cathode steel bar of casting in the cathode carbon pieces bottom; Cathode steel bar is separated along its length and is sewn on different positions and is divided into several parts; Part between the cathode steel bar divide seam on every partitioning slot all adopts electrical conductor to be connected with cathode carbon pieces, and the cathode steel bar of rest part all adopts isolator and cathode carbon pieces to insulate, the interior employing of partitioning slot partitioning slot filling insulating material; Make partitioning slot two portions cathode steel bar insulation up and down, an end of cathode steel bar passes from the sidepiece of electrolyzer.
2. the method for distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described electrical conductor is carbon paste or ferrophosphorus.
3. the method for distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode steel bar partly pricks solid or cast in the cathode carbon pieces.
4. according to the method for distribution of current in claim 1 or the 3 described a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquors, the quantity that it is characterized in that the partitioning slot in the described every cathode steel bar is 1 ~ 20.
5. the method for distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor according to claim 1, the cross-sectional shape that it is characterized in that described cathode steel bar is square, circular, semicircle, trapezoidal or trilateral.
6. the method for distribution of current in a kind of homogenizing aluminum cell aluminum liquor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described every group of cathode carbon pieces bottom installation 1-50 root cathode steel bar.
CN201110109943.4A 2011-04-29 2011-04-29 Method for homogenizing current distribution in aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell Active CN102758216B (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110109943.4A CN102758216B (en) 2011-04-29 2011-04-29 Method for homogenizing current distribution in aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell
PCT/CN2012/000564 WO2012146063A1 (en) 2011-04-29 2012-04-26 Method for uniforming distribution of current in aluminium electrolysis cell
CA2834290A CA2834290C (en) 2011-04-29 2012-04-26 Method for uniforming distribution of current in aluminum liquid in an aluminum electrolytic tank
NO20131582A NO347721B1 (en) 2011-04-29 2013-11-29 Method for rectifying the distribution of current in an aluminum liquid in an aluminum electrolysis tank

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WO (1) WO2012146063A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103014765A (en) * 2011-09-24 2013-04-03 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Cathode structure for reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid
CN104250831A (en) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Cathode structure capable of saving energy and homogenizing horizontal current in molten aluminium
CN108396334A (en) * 2018-06-07 2018-08-14 东北大学 A kind of cathode structure of aluminium cell for reducing aluminum liquid horizontal electric current
CN109763145A (en) * 2019-03-07 2019-05-17 合肥工业大学 The cathode construction of horizontal current in a kind of reduction aluminium cell
CN110029360A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-07-19 中南大学 Wall aluminium electrolysis cathode
CN111809202A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-23 合肥工业大学 Cathode steel bar structure for reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell
CN113445079A (en) * 2021-06-17 2021-09-28 合肥工业大学 Cathode steel bar structure capable of reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid for aluminum electrolysis cell

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US3728243A (en) * 1970-09-01 1973-04-17 Alusuisse Electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum
WO2004031452A1 (en) * 2002-10-02 2004-04-15 Alcan International Limited Collector bar providing discontinuous electrical connection to cathode block
CN1844467A (en) * 2006-03-17 2006-10-11 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 Method and structure for improving cathode current density of aluminium-electrolytic cell
CN101660176A (en) * 2008-12-18 2010-03-03 高德金 Inner lining structure of cathode molten pool for aluminum electrolytic cell
CN102453927A (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-16 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Method for greatly reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid of aluminum electrolytic cell

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EP0197003A1 (en) * 1985-03-22 1986-10-08 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag Electrolysis vat for the production of aluminium
FR2868435B1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2006-05-26 Aluminium Pechiney Soc Par Act CATHODIC ELEMENT FOR THE EQUIPMENT OF AN ELECTROLYSIS CELL INTENDED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM
CN201031257Y (en) * 2007-04-20 2008-03-05 东北大学设计研究院(有限公司) Novel structure cathode of aluminum cell
CN101440505B (en) * 2008-12-11 2010-11-24 中国铝业股份有限公司 Cathode carbon block and cathode structure of impervious barrier conductive steel rod
CN201864785U (en) * 2010-10-19 2011-06-15 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Structure capable of greatly reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolysis cell

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3728243A (en) * 1970-09-01 1973-04-17 Alusuisse Electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum
WO2004031452A1 (en) * 2002-10-02 2004-04-15 Alcan International Limited Collector bar providing discontinuous electrical connection to cathode block
CN1844467A (en) * 2006-03-17 2006-10-11 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 Method and structure for improving cathode current density of aluminium-electrolytic cell
CN101660176A (en) * 2008-12-18 2010-03-03 高德金 Inner lining structure of cathode molten pool for aluminum electrolytic cell
CN102453927A (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-16 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Method for greatly reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid of aluminum electrolytic cell

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103014765A (en) * 2011-09-24 2013-04-03 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Cathode structure for reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid
CN103014765B (en) * 2011-09-24 2016-07-06 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Cathode structure for reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid
CN104250831A (en) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Cathode structure capable of saving energy and homogenizing horizontal current in molten aluminium
CN108396334A (en) * 2018-06-07 2018-08-14 东北大学 A kind of cathode structure of aluminium cell for reducing aluminum liquid horizontal electric current
CN108396334B (en) * 2018-06-07 2020-05-26 东北大学 Aluminum electrolysis cell cathode structure for reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid
CN109763145A (en) * 2019-03-07 2019-05-17 合肥工业大学 The cathode construction of horizontal current in a kind of reduction aluminium cell
CN110029360A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-07-19 中南大学 Wall aluminium electrolysis cathode
CN111809202A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-23 合肥工业大学 Cathode steel bar structure for reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell
CN111809202B (en) * 2020-07-22 2021-11-23 合肥工业大学 Cathode steel bar structure for reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid in aluminum electrolytic cell
CN113445079A (en) * 2021-06-17 2021-09-28 合肥工业大学 Cathode steel bar structure capable of reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid for aluminum electrolysis cell
CN113445079B (en) * 2021-06-17 2023-09-22 合肥工业大学 Cathode steel bar structure capable of reducing horizontal current of aluminum liquid for aluminum electrolysis cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012146063A1 (en) 2012-11-01
NO20131582A1 (en) 2014-01-21
CN102758216B (en) 2015-04-15
CA2834290A1 (en) 2012-11-01
CA2834290C (en) 2016-06-28
NO347721B1 (en) 2024-03-11

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