CN201367472Y - Cathode structure of aluminium electrolysis bath of bath bottom tapping - Google Patents
Cathode structure of aluminium electrolysis bath of bath bottom tapping Download PDFInfo
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- CN201367472Y CN201367472Y CNU2009200111367U CN200920011136U CN201367472Y CN 201367472 Y CN201367472 Y CN 201367472Y CN U2009200111367 U CNU2009200111367 U CN U2009200111367U CN 200920011136 U CN200920011136 U CN 200920011136U CN 201367472 Y CN201367472 Y CN 201367472Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a cathode structure of an aluminium electrolysis bath of bath bottom tapping, belonging to the technical field of the aluminium electrolysis bath. The cathode structure comprises a cathode shell and an inner lining, wherein cathode carbon blocks are connected by a ramming material and the distance among the cathode blocks is enlarged; the height of the ramming material is lower than that of the cathode carbon block, or the distance among the cathode carbon blocks is not enlarged; the upper surfaces of the cathode carbon blocks are provided with baffle plates; a cathode steel rod is vertically arranged at the bottom part of the cathode carbon block; and the cathode steel rod penetrates out from the bottom part of the electrolysis bath. The cathode steel rod is vertically arranged at the bottom surface of the cathode carbon block and penetrates out from the bottom of the bath, thus fundamentally eliminating horizontal current in aluminium liquid, improving stability of the electrolysis bath, simultaneously shortening cathode conducting path and reducing pressure drop of the cathode. The cathode structure divides a large aluminium pool into a plurality of small areas, effectively restricts the flowing and fluctuation of the aluminum liquid generated by the effect of the electromagnetic force, improves the stability of the electrolysis bath, can reduce the height and polar distance of the aluminium, can achieve the purposes of improving current efficiency and greatly reducing pointless power consumption, and has the obvious effects of saving energy and reducing consumption.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure, belongs to the aluminium cell technical field.
Background technology
Be used for the industrial Hall-Heroult electrolyzer of aluminium at present and use carbon anode and charcoal piece negative electrode, by electrolyzing fused alumina producing aluminium, ionogen mainly is made up of sodium aluminum fluoride and alumina melt, is dissolved in wherein aluminum fluoride and other fluoride salt in addition in addition.The aluminium that electrolysis is separated out is accumulated in bottom land charcoal piece negative electrode top, forms the aluminium liquid layer, and as the part of negative electrode.Owing to the aluminium liquid in the electrolyzer is subjected to the influence campaign of the electromagnetic field workshop in, the aluminium liquid that need keep certain height reduces and the fluctuation of ionogen contact interface.The aluminum liquid horizontal of industrial cell maintenance at present is generally between 10～30cm, in the case, still need to keep the pole span about 4.5cm, the height of pole span mainly is subjected to the influence of electrolyzer stability, under the cathode construction and magnetic field condition of existing electrolyzer, further optimize the stability that Distribution of Magnetic Field improves electrolyzer, and then the reduction pole span has become a very thing of difficulty.
Existing Hall-Heroult aluminium cell, all having a general problem according to size and electrolysis process different is exactly that electric energy efficiency is lower, and generally between 45～50%, remaining electric energy all is converted into heat energy dissipation and has fallen.The pole span of existing aluminium cell generally all about 4.5cm, causes the low major cause of electric energy efficiency just to be existing common prebaked cell because the aluminium fluid wave that cause in magnetic field is moving, therefore often needs the pole span that keeps bigger for the stably manufactured that guarantees electrolyzer.
In addition, the cathode steel bar level of existing electrolyzer is installed in the bottom of cathode carbon pieces, electric current compiles to the termination of cathode steel bar after entering cathode carbon pieces by aluminium liquid gradually, cause producing in the aluminium liquid bigger horizontal current, horizontal current is an important factor that influences electrolyzer stability, therefore, an important factor of raising electrolyzer stability is the elimination of level electric current; The flow through path length of negative electrode of this kind cathode construction, electric current, the contact resistance of cathode steel bar and cathode carbon pieces is big, causes the cathode drop height, and this also is to cause existing electrolyzer energy consumption height, the factor that electric energy efficiency is lower.
Electric energy efficiency is hanged down and has been caused the meaningless consumption of huge electric energy on the industrial cell, and the energy-saving and cost-reducing means of aluminium cell have two kinds, and a kind of is to improve current efficiency, and another kind is exactly to reduce pole span, reduces bath voltage.And existing electrolyzer, mostly between 90～96%, the space of improving current efficiency is limited for current efficiency.Aluminum current electrolyzer pole span is generally about 4.5～5cm, the pressure drop that pole span brings is about 40% of total energy consumption, the energy-saving and cost-reducing very big space that provides is provided in the reduction of pole span, but because the restriction of traditional this body structure of electrolyzer, reduce pole span, because the aluminium liquid electrolyte interface influence of fluctuations that brought by magnetic field, it is unstable that electrolyzer will become, lose current efficiency, be difficult to reach purpose of energy saving.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: a kind of slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure is provided, horizontal current in the basically eliminate aluminium liquid, reduced flowing and having reduced the fluctuation of aluminium liquid of aluminium liquid in the electrolyzer, reduced the interpolar pressure drop, significantly reduced simultaneously cathode drop, improved the electric energy efficiency of aluminium cell, reduced the influence of magnetic field, reached purpose of energy saving Aluminium Electrolysis stability.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model is achieved by the following technical solution.
Slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure, it comprises pot shell and liner, liner mainly is made up of the solid material of cathode carbon pieces, lateral lining, bottom liner and bundle, adopt between the cathode carbon pieces and prick solid material connection, the distance between the cathode carbon pieces widens, and the height of pricking solid material is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces, or the cathode carbon pieces spacing does not widen, the cathode carbon pieces upper surface is put block, and cathode steel bar is vertically mounted on the bottom of cathode carbon pieces, and cathode steel bar passes from the bottom of electrolyzer.
Described cathode carbon pieces upper surface has groove.
The quantity of offering groove on the described every cathode carbon pieces is 1～20.
That the lateral cross section of described groove is shaped as is square, trapezoidal, trilateral or circle etc.
1～40 cathode steel bar of the vertical installation of described every cathode carbon pieces.
Described cathode steel bar passes from bottom land for the 2-6 root accumulates one.
The lateral cross section shape of described cathode steel bar can be circle, ellipse or rectangle.
Described cathode carbon pieces is shaped as square.
Described cathode carbon pieces top is trapezoidal.
Described cathode carbon pieces upper surface is the plane, places block on the cathode carbon pieces surface.
Described cathode carbon pieces distance to each other is between 30～300mm.
The height of the solid material of described bundle is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces between 20～450mm.
The height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, and width can be consistent with anode carbon block.
The height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, the cathode carbon pieces of the width of cathode carbon pieces between 250～800mm.
Be connected with sticking with paste to make firm by ramming on every side by mould material between the end of described cathode carbon pieces and the lateral lining.
The upper surface of described cathode carbon pieces is the plane.
Characteristics of the present utility model and effect are as follows:
The utility model cathode structure of aluminium cell: adopt the bottom to go out the cathode steel bar distributing style of electricity, basically eliminate the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, the negative electrode conductive path shortens simultaneously, has improved the stability of electrolyzer on the one hand, has reduced cathode drop on the one hand; Except the bottom goes out electricity, the installation of cathode carbon pieces and the variation of array configuration are divided into several little zones to huge aluminium pond, fettered flowing and fluctuation of aluminium liquid effectively, can increase substantially the stability of electrolyzer, therefore aluminium liquid height can keep very low, the cathode carbon pieces that exceeds projection gets final product for several centimetres, pole span also can significantly reduce, can make pole span from about 4.5～5cm of traditional electrolyzer, drop to 2.5～4cm or lower, cathode drop also significantly reduces, and therefore adopts the aluminium cell of the utility model cathode construction to have the energy-saving effect of highly significant.
Owing to kept lower aluminum liquid horizontal, when electrolyzer goes out aluminium, cause the aluminium quantity not sufficient of aluminium flowing-out mouth position easily, make ionogen enter out the aluminium device, for head it off, can take suitably to increase the machined surface of aluminium inlet, or in measures such as cathode carbon pieces upper surface open channels, for aluminium liquid provides collection channel.
The utility model has reduced pole span owing to adopt above-mentioned cathode construction, basically eliminate the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, significantly reduced cathode drop, improved utilization rate of electrical, greatly reduce the influence of magnetic field to Aluminium Electrolysis stability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out electricity, the increasing of negative electrode break joint, the solid a kind of main TV structure synoptic diagram that highly is lower than the cathode carbon pieces height of break joint bundle.
Fig. 2 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out that electricity, negative electrode break joint strengthen, break joint prick highly be lower than the cathode carbon pieces height admittedly, cathode carbon pieces top cross-sectional shape is a kind of main TV structure synoptic diagram of trapezoid.
Fig. 3 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out the main TV structure synoptic diagram that electricity, negative electrode upper surface are put block.
Fig. 4 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out the side-looking structural representation that electricity, negative electrode upper surface are put block.
Fig. 5 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out the side-looking structural representation that electricity, cathode carbon pieces middle part have 1 square groove.
Fig. 6 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out the side-looking structural representation that electricity, cathode carbon pieces middle part have 1 trapezoidal groove.
Fig. 7 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out the side-looking structural representation that electricity, cathode carbon pieces upper surface have a plurality of square grooves.
Fig. 8 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out the side-looking structural representation that electricity, cathode carbon pieces upper surface have a plurality of trapezoidal grooves.
Fig. 9 is that cathode construction of the present utility model bottom goes out the side-looking structural representation that electricity, cathode carbon pieces upper surface do not have groove.
Among the figure, 1, lateral lining, 2, cathode steel bar, 3, cathode carbon pieces, 4, block, 5, prick solid material, 6, the bottom liner, 7, groove.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model embodiment is elaborated, but protection domain of the present utility model is not limit by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Shown in Fig. 1～2, material 5, bottom liner 6 constitute the cathode construction of aluminium cell by pricking admittedly between pot shell, lateral lining 1, cathode carbon pieces 3, cathode carbon pieces.Cathode carbon pieces 3 bottom vertical are installed cathode steel bar 2,2～6 cathode steel bars 2 accumulate one and pass bottom liner 6 and pass from bottom land, 3 settling times of cathode carbon pieces are apart from widening, 3 of cathode carbon pieces adopt charcoal paste, magnesia brick, silicon carbide brick etc. to prick solid material 5 connections, the height of pricking solid material 5 is lower than cathode carbon pieces 20～450mm, cathode carbon pieces 3 cross-sectional shapes are square or charcoal piece top is shape such as trapezoidal, adopt between the end of cathode carbon pieces and the lateral lining 1 mould material and on every side paste make firm by ramming.Cathode carbon pieces 3 distance to each other is between 30～300mm.
Adopt between the end of cathode carbon pieces and the lateral lining 1 mould material and on every side paste make firm by ramming.
The cathode carbon pieces bottom vertical is installed cathode steel bar 2,1～40 cathode steel bar 2 perpendicular to charcoal piece bottom surface is arranged according to size and size in each group cathode carbon pieces bottom, pass bottom liner 6 after 1～6 this cathode steel bar 2 accumulates one and pass from bottom land, the lateral cross section shape of cathode steel bar 6 can be circular, ellipse or rectangle.For the corrosion of the ionogen anticathode rod iron 2 that prevents seepage with to the destruction of bottom thermal insulation fire-resistant material, under cathode carbon pieces, at first lay one deck antiseepage mould material, cathode steel bar 2 is wrapped in wherein, laying the anti-bleed of one deck dry type again and effectively stop electrolytical seepage under this mould material, down is exactly the various thermal insulation fire-resistant materials according to the heat calculation configuration again.Bottom liner 6 has guaranteed the life-span of cathode construction by two-layer effective antiseepage protection.
Embodiment 2:
Shown in Fig. 3～4, material 5, bottom liner 6 constitute the cathode construction of aluminium cell by pricking admittedly between lateral lining 1, cathode carbon pieces 3, block 4, cathode carbon pieces.The cathode carbon pieces bottom vertical is installed cathode steel bar 2,2～6 cathode steel bars 2 accumulate one and pass bottom liner 6 and pass from bottom land, the installation of cathode carbon pieces 3 is with the electrolyzer in producing now, 3 of cathode carbon pieces adopt pricks solid material 5 connections, cathode carbon pieces 3 upper surfaces are the plane, place block 4 at the cathode carbon pieces upper surface, block can be along the vertical or horizontal placement of electrolyzer, and the quantity that every cathode carbon pieces 3 upper surface are generally placed block 4 is the 1-100 piece
Adopt between the end of cathode carbon pieces and the lateral lining 1 mould material and on every side paste make firm by ramming.
The cathode carbon pieces bottom vertical is installed cathode steel bar 2,1～40 cathode steel bar 2 perpendicular to charcoal piece bottom surface is arranged according to size and size in each group cathode carbon pieces bottom, passing bottom liner 6 after also can 2～6 these cathode steel bars 2 accumulating one passes from bottom land, for the corrosion of the ionogen anticathode rod iron 2 that prevents seepage with to the destruction of bottom thermal insulation fire-resistant material, under cathode carbon pieces, at first lay one deck antiseepage mould material, cathode steel bar 2 is wrapped in wherein, laying the anti-bleed of one deck dry type again and effectively stop electrolytical seepage under this mould material, down is exactly the various thermal insulation fire-resistant materials according to the heat calculation configuration again.Bottom liner 6 has guaranteed the life-span of cathode construction by two-layer effective antiseepage protection.
No matter be embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, the height of cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, and width can be consistent with anode carbon block, also can adopt the cathode carbon pieces of width between 250～800mm.Adopt cathode construction of the present utility model, can keep very low aluminum liquid horizontal, pole span significantly reduces simultaneously, so the liquid aluminium amount in the electrolyzer is less, when electrolyzer goes out aluminium, cause the aluminium quantity not sufficient of aluminium flowing-out mouth position easily, make ionogen enter out the aluminium device, for head it off, shown in Fig. 5～9, can be in cathode carbon pieces 3 upper surface recessings 7, the quantity of offering groove on every cathode carbon pieces 3 is 1～20.For aluminium liquid provides the passage that is pooled to aluminium flowing-out mouth, can also suitably increase the machined surface of aluminium inlet.The lateral cross section shape of the groove 7 of cathode carbon pieces can be shapes such as square, trapezoidal, trilateral or circle, in addition can be only in the middle part of cathode carbon pieces recessing 7, and also can all recessings 7 of entire upper surface.
The cathode construction of aluminium cell of the present utility model, at first, effectively fettered the mobile and fluctuation of aluminium liquid that cause in magnetic field, reduced the fluctuation of electrolyzer aluminium liquid and electrolyte interface, thereby can suitably reduce pole span to 4.0cm, realized producing under the very little fluctuation situation of interpolar aluminium liquid-electrolyte interface, improved current efficiency, greatly reduced direct current consumption; Secondly owing to adopted bottom land to go out the cathode steel bar collocation form of electricity, basically eliminate the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, improved the stability of electrolyzer, the negative electrode conductive path shortens in addition, has significantly reduced cathode drop; Once more, because the contact area between the cathode carbon pieces of aluminium liquid and conduction increases, reduced the pressure drop between cathode carbon pieces and the aluminium liquid, thereby reduced cathode drop;
Adopt the electrolyzer of this kind conceptual design,, thereby can simplify busbar greatly, reduce the consumption of bus, shorten the distance between the electrolyzer, reduce construction cost because changes of magnetic field is very little for the moving influence of electrolyzer aluminium fluid wave.
Claims (15)
1, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure, it comprises pot shell and liner, it is characterized in that liner is mainly by cathode carbon pieces, lateral lining, bottom liner and prick solid material and form, adopt between the cathode carbon pieces and prick solid material connection, the distance between the cathode carbon pieces widens, and the height of pricking solid material is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces, or the cathode carbon pieces spacing does not widen, the cathode carbon pieces upper surface is put block, and cathode steel bar is vertically mounted on the bottom of cathode carbon pieces, and cathode steel bar passes from the bottom of electrolyzer.
2, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces upper surface offers groove.
3, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 2, the quantity that it is characterized in that offering on the described every cathode carbon pieces groove is 1～20.
4, according to claim 2 or 3 described slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structures, that the lateral cross section that it is characterized in that described groove is shaped as is square, trapezoidal, trilateral or circle etc.
5, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that 1～40 cathode steel bar of the vertical installation of described every cathode carbon pieces.
6, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that described cathode steel bar passes from bottom land for the 2-6 root accumulates one.
7,, it is characterized in that the lateral cross section shape of described cathode steel bar can be circle, ellipse or rectangle according to claim 5 or 6 described slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structures.
8, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1, it is square to it is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces is shaped as.
9, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces top is trapezoidal.
10, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces upper surface is the plane, places block on the cathode carbon pieces surface.
11, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces is to each other apart from being between 30～300mm.
12, slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that the height of the solid material of described bundle is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces between 20～450mm.
13, according to claim 1,11 or 12 described slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structures, it is characterized in that the height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, width can be consistent with anode carbon block.
14,, it is characterized in that the height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, the cathode carbon pieces of the width of cathode carbon pieces between 250～800mm according to claim 1,11 or 12 described slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structures.
15, be connected with sticking with paste to make firm by ramming on every side by mould material between the slot base aluminium electrolysis cell cathode structure according to claim 1, the end that it is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces and lateral lining.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2009200111367U CN201367472Y (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2009-03-05 | Cathode structure of aluminium electrolysis bath of bath bottom tapping |
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| CNU2009200111367U CN201367472Y (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2009-03-05 | Cathode structure of aluminium electrolysis bath of bath bottom tapping |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101838824A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2010-09-22 | 河南中孚实业股份有限公司 | Novel cathode liner structure with large-scale pre-baked aluminum electrolysis cell |
| WO2010148608A1 (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-29 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for improving stability of aluminum electrolytic cell and thus obtained electrolytic cell |
| WO2011082658A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | 中铝国际工程有限责任公司 | Cathode with replaceable assembly for retarding flow in aluminum electrolytic cell |
| WO2011082657A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | 中铝国际工程有限责任公司 | Bottom structure of electrolytic cell |
| WO2011082659A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | 中铝国际工程有限责任公司 | Cathode with protrusion structure for aluminum electrolytic cell |
| RU2454490C1 (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Легкие металлы" | Electrolysis unit for aluminium manufacture |
| CN102925924A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-13 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Electrolytic tank discharge structure |
| AU2011204684B2 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2014-01-30 | China Aluminum International Engineering Corporation Limited | Cathode with replaceable assembly for retarding flow in aluminum electrolytic cell |
-
2009
- 2009-03-05 CN CNU2009200111367U patent/CN201367472Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010148608A1 (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-29 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for improving stability of aluminum electrolytic cell and thus obtained electrolytic cell |
| WO2011082658A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | 中铝国际工程有限责任公司 | Cathode with replaceable assembly for retarding flow in aluminum electrolytic cell |
| WO2011082657A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | 中铝国际工程有限责任公司 | Bottom structure of electrolytic cell |
| WO2011082659A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | 中铝国际工程有限责任公司 | Cathode with protrusion structure for aluminum electrolytic cell |
| AU2011204684B2 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2014-01-30 | China Aluminum International Engineering Corporation Limited | Cathode with replaceable assembly for retarding flow in aluminum electrolytic cell |
| AU2011204684C1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2016-10-27 | China Aluminum International Engineering Corporation Limited | Cathode with replaceable assembly for retarding flow in aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN101838824A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2010-09-22 | 河南中孚实业股份有限公司 | Novel cathode liner structure with large-scale pre-baked aluminum electrolysis cell |
| RU2454490C1 (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Легкие металлы" | Electrolysis unit for aluminium manufacture |
| CN102925924A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-13 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Electrolytic tank discharge structure |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: SHENYANG ALUMINUM + MAGNESIUM ENGINEERING + RESEAR Free format text: FORMER NAME: SHENYANG ALUMINIUM AND MAGNESIUM DESIGN INST. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 110001 Heping Street, Heping District, Liaoning, Shenyang, No. 184 Patentee after: Shenyang Aluminum & Magnesium Engineering & Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 110001 Heping Street, Heping District, Liaoning, Shenyang, No. 184 Patentee before: Shenyang Aluminium and Magnesium Design Institute |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20091223 |