CN102747602A - Formaldehyde removing reagent for treating formaldehyde-containing fabric, and use method thereof - Google Patents
Formaldehyde removing reagent for treating formaldehyde-containing fabric, and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a formaldehyde removing reagent for treating a formaldehyde-containing fabric, and a use method thereof. The reagent comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 20-50% of a reaction agent, 0.5-5% of a catalyst, 1-10% of a volatilization promoting agent, 10-40% of a surfactant, and the balance of water, wherein the reaction agent is one or a plurality of matters selected from easily-water-soluble alkaline materials and organic matters widely existing in polyphenol plants, the catalyst comprises at least one selected from metal powder or a nano-scale metal oxide, the volatilization promoting agent comprises at least one selected from active carbon, diatomite and silicon carbide, and the surfactant comprises one or a plurality of matters selected from an easily-biodegradable nonionic surfactant, a commonly used anionic surfactant and an alcohol. The formaldehyde removing reagent of the present invention has characteristics of excellent formaldehyde removing performance, convenience, rapidness, high efficiency and low consumption, can remove most of formaldehyde in a variety of fabrics, and is a good fabric formaldehyde removing reagent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of textiles and wash the field of dying, say further, what relate to that a kind of processing contains the formaldehyde fabric removes formaldehyde agent and method for using thereof.
Background technology
Formaldehyde is a kind of colourless, the gas of penetrating odor is arranged, soluble in water, pure, ether.Formaldehyde has been widely used in industry.It is usually used in weaving, dyestuff, leather, resin, paint, plastics, rubber, pharmacy, explosive etc.Therefore formaldehyde pollution is mainly derived from above product.Formaldehyde mainly shows following aspect to the harm of human body: formaldehyde can with the protein bound in the somatic plasm, change the protein interior structure and also solidify, thereby have the power of killing livestock.Initial exciting eye mucous membrane under low concentration stimulates the upper respiratory tract when high concentration, cause cough, uncomfortable in chest, and neck has constriction simultaneously, and mucous membrane is festered, and then causes inflammation in lung.Suck can cause anorexia, apocleisis behind the formaldehyde, lose weight, weak, insomnia; If often contact can produce to quick phenomenon, and can cause skin histology to fester.Formaldehyde has anesthetic effect to central nervous system, especially eyesight is had strong toxic action.The inhereditary material of formaldehyde in can also damaging cells is suspicious carcinogen in addition.Long-term contact formaldehyde gas can cause headache, weak and feeble, perspire is irregular, body temperature variation, pulse quickening, fash, eczema, redness etc.Therefore The World Health Organization (WHO) and Environmental Protection Agency USA classify formaldehyde as suspicious carcinogen and important environmental contaminants.Owing to consider the toxicity of formaldehyde, clearly provide against in China's " food hygiene law " and in food, add formaldehyde.The restriction of all having stipulated formaldehyde in textile industry China and countries in the world government, or formulate the environmental protection label method of textiles.Because people occupy main improvement of terms, China had issued " sanitary standard of formaldehyde in the indoor air " in the last few years
Therefore develop and set up the method for quick and precisely removing formaldehyde in the fabric and seem important day by day.At present, in the prior art,, method and the reagent of removing formaldehyde are provided like Chinese patent CN101502748A " deodouring agent for removing formaldehyde ".But,, lean on and remove peculiar smell and the adding flavor component is covered because this prescription is to be the master's aqueous solution to remove peculiar smell.And assistant concentration is not high, so will remove the formaldehyde that slowly discharges on the solid matter, just relatively more difficult, effect can be too unstable yet.
(manganese oxide molecular sieve low temperature is removed the research of formaldehyde to Tang Xingfu etc.; " the 5th national Environmental Chemistry conference summary collection "; 2009) the duct effect of manganese oxide molecular sieve removal formaldehyde is studied with the valence state effect problem that silver mixes; The efficient that this catalysis method is handled formaldehyde is very high, but has the release of dioxy carbon during the course, and in inapplicable and the textiles.
Summary of the invention
To the problems of the prior art, what the invention provides that a kind of processing contains the formaldehyde fabric removes formaldehyde reagent.Through the formaldehyde performance of removing that contains the formaldehyde fabric that is processed is analyzed discussion; Adopt liquid chromatography that it is removed the formaldehyde effect detection; The result shows that the formaldehyde clearance of this reagent can reach the formaldehyde more than 70%, and does not cause environmental problems such as secondary pollution.
What one of the object of the invention provided that a kind of processing contains the formaldehyde fabric removes formaldehyde reagent; It includes following raw material by weight percentage: reactant 20～50%, catalyst 0.5～5%, short volatilizer 1～10%; Surfactant 10～40%, surplus are water.Said water can be water common in the prior art, can be running water, distilled water etc.Preferred distilled water.
Wherein said reactant, the reagent that can react with formaldehyde in the fabric, its preferred content is 30～50%.Said reactant is selected from 2-azoles miaow alkane ketone; 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine; Potassium bichromate; Potassium permanganate; Potassium bromate; Clorox; The alkaline matter that NaOH, potassium hydroxide etc. are soluble in water; Flavone compound, tannins compound, phenolic acid compound, anthocyanin etc. extensively are present in the organic matter in the polyphenolic plant.Said reactant can be selected at least a use in the above-mentioned substance, and preferable range is to be selected from least a in 2-azoles miaow alkane ketone, 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine, clorox, the NaOH.
Said catalyst, the photochemical reaction that formaldehyde in above-mentioned reactant and the fabric is taken place plays the reagent of catalytic action, and its preferred content is 2～4%.Said catalyst is selected from least a in metal powder or the nanosize metal oxide; Said nanosize metal oxide, its average grain diameter is 15～50nm, is selected from least a in the following material: nano titanium oxide, nanometer titanium dioxide zinc, nano-sized iron oxide, nanometer di-iron trioxide; Said metal powder, its average grain diameter are 0.5～44 μ m, are selected from least a in iron powder, the magnesium powder.Preferable range is to be selected from least a in said nano titanium oxide, nanometer titanium dioxide zinc, the iron powder.
Said short volatilizer is the reagent that promotes formaldehyde volatilization in the fabric, and its preferred content is 3～7%.Said short volatilizer is selected from least a in active carbon, diatomite, the carborundum etc.; Preferable range is to be selected from least a in active carbon, the diatomite.
Said surfactant, play make above-mentioned reacted constituent better water-soluble and dissolve each other, the interreaction effect, its preferred content is 10～25%.Said surfactant is selected from least a in non-ionic surface active agent of the prior art or the anion surfactant.Said ionic surfactant pack is drawn together alcohol surfactants.
The biological non-ionic surface active agent that is prone to degraded such as the ethylene oxide adduct of the preferred high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether of said surfactant, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, polyoxyethylene amine, polyoxyethylate amide, polypropylene glycol, sorbitan ester, sucrose ester, alkylolamides; Anion surfactants commonly used such as neopelex, lauryl sodium sulfate, alpha-alkene sulfonate, alkyl phosphate monoester salt; Alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol.Said surfactant is at least a use in the above-mentioned substance preferably, its more preferably preferable range be to be selected from least a in alkylolamides, neopelex, the ethanol.
Two of the object of the invention provides the preparation method who removes formaldehyde reagent that described processing contains the formaldehyde fabric: comprise said each component is mixed into mixed liquor by said amount, obtain the said formaldehyde reagent that removes.Mixed method can adopt various mixed method of the prior art, such as stirring etc.The formaldehyde reagent that removes of the present invention preferably is mixed to said various components evenly by said amount in agitator.
Three of the object of the invention provides the method for using of removing formaldehyde reagent that described processing contains the formaldehyde fabric, comprises the said formaldehyde reagent that removes is added in the entry, mix treatment fluid; The pending formaldehyde fabric that contains is soaked in the above treatment fluid cmpletely, afterwards that the fabric flushing is clean, can remove formaldehyde.Consumption with the water that removes the formaldehyde reagent mix in the treatment fluid did not have fabric to get final product to handle fluid power.The present invention removes formaldehyde reagent in use, with the weight ratio that contains the formaldehyde fabric be 1: 1～3: 1.Containing the time that the formaldehyde fabric soaks in said treatment fluid does not have specific restriction, generally can be immersed in the water that contains treatment fluid 10 to 40 minutes.If treatment fluid concentration is high, soak time can be lacked, and treatment fluid concentration is low, and soak time can be grown.
The formaldehyde reagent that removes of the present invention has improved reagent composition and the effect of removing formaldehyde, can remove the formaldehyde in solid, gas, the liquid, removes the formaldehyde excellent performance, and is convenient and swift, efficient low-consume.Can remove the most of formaldehyde on the various fabrics, be that good fabric removes formaldehyde reagent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 contains the formaldehyde fabric before removing the formaldehyde agent treated and remove the ultra-violet absorption spectrum curve map of the ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer detection after the formaldehyde agent treated for embodiment's 1.Wherein ordinate is a spectral absorption intensity, and unit is an absorbance; Abscissa is a ultraviolet wavelength, unit: nanometer.
Fig. 2 contains the formaldehyde fabric before removing the formaldehyde agent treated and remove the content of formaldehyde curve map of variable quantity in time after the formaldehyde agent treated for the embodiment 1 that measures through ultra-violet absorption spectrum.Wherein ordinate is content of formaldehyde (%), is meant the mensuration part 2 according to national standard method GB/T 2912.2-1998 textile formaldehyde: release formaldehyde (steam absorption process), measure the percentage that is discharged into airborne content of formaldehyde duty gas; Abscissa be the time (hour).
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further specify the present invention.
The related raw material of each embodiment all can be commercially available and be got.
The percentage that below relates to content of material is percetage by weight.
Embodiment 1:
Containing the formaldehyde fabric is viscose 53%, cotton 47% clothing 50g.
In agitator, add the 2-azoles miaow alkane ketone of 25g, nano titanium oxide (the average grain diameter 35nm of 1g; Shenzhen brilliant material chemical industry Co., Ltd), 15g neopelex, 5g diatomite, 5g ethanol, 49g distilled water, at room temperature stir for 240 rev/mins and promptly made the 100g that mixes in 3 minutes and remove formaldehyde reagent with rotating speed.
Be mixed into treatment fluid with above-mentioned in the entry except that formaldehyde reagent adds, above fabric is immersed in the treatment fluid, treatment fluid did not have fabric.After 25 ℃ of room temperatures are soaked 20 minutes,, can remove formaldehyde with removing formaldehyde reagent on the clean clothing of flushing with clean water.
Fig. 1 has embodied with ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer and has detected the said situation that the formaldehyde fabric is processed the fabric content of formaldehyde height of front and back that contains.Under the UV-irradiation of co-wavelength, spectral absorption intensity is high more, shows that content of formaldehyde is high more.Testing result is seen accompanying drawing 1.Wherein the 1# curve detects gained before containing the formaldehyde fabric treating, and the 2# curve is that fabric is processed back detection gained.Visible by Fig. 1, the fabric content of formaldehyde after the processing is low than before handling obviously.
The present embodiment that Fig. 2 measures through ultra-violet absorption spectrum contain the formaldehyde fabric before removing the formaldehyde agent treated and the content of formaldehyde that removes after the formaldehyde agent treated measure over time.Curve 3 is meant untreated fabric in the variation of placing 0～some hrs content of formaldehyde among the figure, curve 4 be meant with the present invention remove the formaldehyde agent treated after 20 minutes contain the formaldehyde fabric clean finish after, place the variable quantity of 0～some hrs content of formaldehyde.Visible from Fig. 2, the fabric that was processed, after placing 4 hours, formaldehyde has not just had basically, is that the explanation formaldehyde reagent that removes of the present invention can constantly let formaldehyde change into other innocuous substances, and it is intact to keep formaldehyde to reduce gradually until basic conversion for a long time; And untreated fabric, even if place for a long time, formaldehyde just relies on and discharges and minimizing to some extent, in the corresponding time, still contains a certain amount of formaldehyde.
The concrete The data liquid chromatogram of removing formaldehyde is carried out check and analysis, and its concrete check and analysis method is seen GB/T 2912.3-2009, " mensuration of textile formaldehyde " the 3rd part:
High performance liquid chromatographyGained is seen table 1 with processing back content of formaldehyde data before containing the formaldehyde fabric treating.It is thus clear that the content of formaldehyde that contains before the formaldehyde fabric treating is 457.8mg/kg; Remove through the present invention that the content of formaldehyde of fabric is 69.3mg/kg after the formaldehyde agent treated, within the national Specification scope, i.e. fabric content of formaldehyde≤75mg/kg.Table one: before the data preparation fabric treating with fabric treating after content of formaldehyde relatively.Present embodiment remove formaldehyde reagent to remove formaldehyde efficient be 84.93%.
Table 1
| Sample | Retention time | Concentration of formaldehyde |
| Before containing the formaldehyde fabric treating | 3.490 | 457.8mg/kg |
| After containing the formaldehyde fabric treating | 3.486 | 69.3mg/kg |
Embodiment 2:
Containing the formaldehyde fabric is the clothing 50g of polyamide fibre 5%, cotton synthetic fibre 60%, cotton 35%.
In agitator, add 34g clorox, 2g nanometer titanium dioxide zinc (average grain diameter 35nm; Shenzhen brilliant material chemical industry Co., Ltd), 16g lauryl sodium sulfate, 5g ethanol, 4g active carbon (shell/coconut husk type active carbon; The gloomy cleaning project of Nanjing Chinese Co., Ltd), 39g distilled water, at room temperature stir and promptly made the 100g that mixes in 3 minutes and remove formaldehyde reagent with 240 rev/mins of rotating speeds.
Be mixed into treatment fluid with above-mentioned in the entry except that formaldehyde reagent adds, above fabric is immersed in the treatment fluid, treatment fluid did not have fabric.After 25 ℃ of room temperatures are soaked 20 minutes,, can remove formaldehyde with removing formaldehyde reagent on the clean clothing of flushing with clean water.
High performance liquid chromatographyWith embodiment 1, must contain the preceding content of formaldehyde of formaldehyde fabric treating is 376.4mg/kg; Remove through the present invention that the content of formaldehyde is 70.1mg/kg after the formaldehyde agent treated, within the national Specification scope, i.e. fabric content of formaldehyde≤75mg/kg.Present embodiment remove formaldehyde reagent to remove formaldehyde efficient be 81.38%.
Embodiment 3:
Containing the formaldehyde fabric is polyester fiber 63%, viscose 33%, the clothing 50g of spandex 4%.
In agitator, add 2 of 20g; (trade mark: photovoltaic industry is used green silicon carbide powder for 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, 15g lauryl sodium sulfate, 5g ethanol, 10g polyoxyethylate amide, 5g carborundum; The special silicon powder of Jiangsu bass Co., Ltd), 2g iron powder (average grain diameter 200-500nm; Beijing chemical reagents corporation, analyze pure), 43g distilled water, at room temperature stir for 240 rev/mins and promptly made the 100g that mixes in 3 minutes and remove formaldehyde reagent with rotating speed.
Be mixed into treatment fluid with above-mentioned in the entry except that formaldehyde reagent adds, above fabric is immersed in the treatment fluid, treatment fluid did not have fabric.After 25 ℃ of room temperatures are soaked 20 minutes,, can remove formaldehyde with removing formaldehyde reagent on the clean clothing of flushing with clean water.
High performance liquid chromatographyWith embodiment 1, must contain the preceding content of formaldehyde of formaldehyde fabric treating is 332.4mg/kg; Remove through the present invention that the content of formaldehyde is 72.1mg/kg after the formaldehyde agent treated, within the national Specification scope, i.e. fabric content of formaldehyde≤75mg/kg.Present embodiment remove formaldehyde reagent to remove formaldehyde efficient be 78.31%.
Embodiment 4:
Containing the formaldehyde fabric is acrylic fibers 84%, terylene 14%, the clothing 50g of spandex 2%.
In agitator, add 20g 2-azoles miaow alkane ketone, 10g 2; 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, 15g lauryl sodium sulfate, 10g ethanol, 5g diatomite (TP450; The silication goods company of containing is opened up in Qingdao), 3g magnesium powder (average grain diameter 500-800nm; Beijing chemical reagents corporation, analyze pure), 37g distilled water, at room temperature stir for 240 rev/mins promptly to make in 3 minutes and evenly can make 100g and remove formaldehyde reagent with rotating speed.
Be mixed into treatment fluid with above-mentioned in the entry except that formaldehyde reagent adds, above fabric is immersed in the treatment fluid, treatment fluid did not have fabric.After 25 ℃ of room temperatures are soaked 20 minutes,, can remove formaldehyde with removing formaldehyde reagent on the clean clothing of flushing with clean water.
High performance liquid chromatographyWith embodiment 1, must contain the preceding content of formaldehyde of formaldehyde fabric treating is 355.4mg/kg; Remove through the present invention that the content of formaldehyde is 73.6mg/kg after the formaldehyde agent treated, within the national Specification scope, i.e. fabric content of formaldehyde≤75mg/kg.Present embodiment remove formaldehyde reagent to remove formaldehyde efficient be 79.29%.
Embodiment 5:
Containing the formaldehyde fabric is acrylic fibers 82%, wool 12%, the clothing 50g of alpaca fibre 6%.
The anthocyanin, 1g nano titanium oxide (the average grain diameter 35nm that in agitator, add 5g; Shenzhen brilliant material chemical industry Co., Ltd), 20g clorox, 2g NaOH, 10g polyoxyethylate amide, 6g active carbon (shell/coconut husk type active carbon; The gloomy cleaning project of Nanjing Chinese Co., Ltd), 56g distilled water, at room temperature stir promptly to make in 3 minutes and evenly can make 100g and remove formaldehyde reagent with 240 rev/mins of rotating speeds.
Be mixed into treatment fluid with above-mentioned in the entry except that formaldehyde reagent adds, above fabric is immersed in the treatment fluid, treatment fluid did not have fabric.After 25 ℃ of room temperatures are soaked 20 minutes,, can remove formaldehyde with removing formaldehyde reagent on the clean clothing of flushing with clean water.
High performance liquid chromatographyWith embodiment 1, must contain the preceding content of formaldehyde of formaldehyde fabric treating is 425.5mg/kg; Remove through the present invention that the content of formaldehyde is 71.9mg/kg after the formaldehyde agent treated, within the national Specification scope, i.e. fabric content of formaldehyde≤75mg/kg.Present embodiment remove formaldehyde reagent to remove formaldehyde efficient be 83.10%.
Embodiment 6:
Contain the formaldehyde fabric and be cotton 78.6%, the clothing 50g of polyester fiber 21.4%.
In agitator, add the potassium bromate of 45g, nanometer di-iron trioxide (the average grain diameter 500-1200nm of 4g; Beijing chemical reagents corporation, analyze pure), (trade mark: photovoltaic industry is used green silicon carbide powder for the carborundum of 8g; The special silicon powder of Jiangsu bass Co., Ltd), the carbon fatty alcohol APEO of 10g, the distilled water of 33g, at room temperature stir for 240 rev/mins promptly to make in 3 minutes and evenly can make 100g and remove formaldehyde reagent with rotating speed.
Be mixed into treatment fluid with above-mentioned in the entry except that formaldehyde reagent adds, above fabric is immersed in the treatment fluid, treatment fluid did not have fabric.After 25 ℃ of room temperatures are soaked 20 minutes,, can remove formaldehyde with removing formaldehyde reagent on the clean clothing of flushing with clean water.
High performance liquid chromatographyWith embodiment 1, must contain the preceding content of formaldehyde of formaldehyde fabric treating is 315.4mg/kg; Remove through the present invention that the content of formaldehyde is 28.6mg/kg after the formaldehyde agent treated, within the national Specification scope, i.e. fabric content of formaldehyde≤75mg/kg.Present embodiment remove formaldehyde reagent to remove formaldehyde efficient be 90.93%.
Claims (8)
1. what a processing contained the formaldehyde fabric removes formaldehyde reagent, includes following raw material by weight percentage:
Reactant: 20～50%
Catalyst: 0.5～5%
Short volatilizer: 1～10%
Surfactant: 10～40%
Surplus is a water;
Said reactant is selected from least a in 2-azoles miaow alkane ketone, 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine, potassium bichromate, potassium permanganate, potassium bromate, clorox, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, flavone compound, tannins compound, phenolic acid compound, the anthocyanin;
Said catalyst is selected from least a in metal powder or the nanosize metal oxide; Said nanosize metal oxide, its average grain diameter is 15～50nm, is selected from least a in the following material: nano titanium oxide, nanometer titanium dioxide zinc, nano-sized iron oxide, nanometer di-iron trioxide; Said metal powder, its average grain diameter are 0.5～44 μ m, are selected from least a in iron powder, the magnesium powder;
Said short volatilizer is selected from least a in active carbon, diatomite, the carborundum;
Said surfactant is selected from least a in non-ionic surface active agent or the anion surfactant.
2. the formaldehyde reagent that removes according to claim 1 is characterized in that including following raw material by weight percentage:
Reactant: 30～50%
Catalyst: 2～4%
Short volatilizer: 3～7%
Surfactant: 10～25%
Surplus is a water.
3. the formaldehyde reagent that removes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described reactant is selected from least a in 2-azoles miaow alkane ketone, 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine, clorox, the NaOH.
4. the formaldehyde reagent that removes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described catalyst is selected from least a in nano titanium oxide, nanometer titanium dioxide zinc, the iron powder.
5. the formaldehyde reagent that removes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described surfactant is selected from least a in the ethylene oxide adduct, sorbitan ester, sucrose ester, alkylolamides, neopelex, lauryl sodium sulfate, alpha-alkene sulfonate, alkyl phosphate monoester salt, methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol of high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, polyoxyethylene amine, polyoxyethylate amide, polypropylene glycol.
6. the formaldehyde reagent that removes according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described surfactant is selected from least a in alkylolamides, neopelex, the ethanol.
7. the preparation method who removes formaldehyde reagent who contains the formaldehyde fabric according to each described processing of claim 1～6: comprise said each component is mixed into mixed liquor by said amount, obtain the said formaldehyde reagent that removes.
8. the method for using of removing formaldehyde reagent that contains the formaldehyde fabric according to each described processing of claim 1～6 comprises the said formaldehyde reagent that removes is added in the entry, mix treatment fluid; The pending formaldehyde fabric that contains is soaked in the above treatment fluid cmpletely, afterwards that the fabric flushing is clean, can remove formaldehyde; Wherein removing formaldehyde reagent is 1: 1～3: 1 with the weight ratio that contains the formaldehyde fabric.
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