CN102743191A - Focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging device and focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging method - Google Patents
Focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging device and focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102743191A CN102743191A CN2012102203995A CN201210220399A CN102743191A CN 102743191 A CN102743191 A CN 102743191A CN 2012102203995 A CN2012102203995 A CN 2012102203995A CN 201210220399 A CN201210220399 A CN 201210220399A CN 102743191 A CN102743191 A CN 102743191A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-destructive testing and measuring, and discloses a focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging device and a focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging method. The device comprises a photoacoustic ultrasonic endoscope imaging probe, a rotating connecting part and a peripheral circuit part, wherein pulse laser generates 90-degree reflection at the light outlet end and is irradiated on the blood vessel wall after being gathered by a cylindrical surface light gathering lens, photoacoustic signals are generated, a sound-sensitive element receives the photoacoustic signals, the photoacoustic signals are collected and recorded after being converted, the synchronous working of a data collector and a pulse laser is realized, triggering signals generated by the pulse laser trigger an ultrasonic pulse emitting and receiving device to emit electric signals, the electric signals trigger the sound-sensitive element to emit ultrasonic signals, the ultrasonic signals are reflected after reaching the blood vessels, are received by sound-sensitive elements and are collected and recorded after being converted, a step motor drives the device for carrying out scanning to obtain the whole blood vessel fault data, and photoacoustic and ultrasonic images are obtained after the processing. The sound-sensitive elements are shared by ultrasonic and photoacoustic images, and the high-resolution and high-sensitivity blood vessel internal ultrasonic photoacoustic imaging can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the non-destructive testing field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device and formation method thereof.
Background technology
Modern medicine has proposed increasingly high requirement for the accuracy that blood vessel detects; Traditional method; Comprise Magnetic Resonance Angiography and angiographic imaging etc.; Though can demonstrate the formalness or the in-profile of blood vessel preferably, the local detail information of blood vessel wall and lumen of vessels can't be provided.Imaging technique is that endoscopic technique constantly develops with technology such as computer, microelectronics, Digital Image Processing and the product of fusion in the blood vessel. can be with a kind of special angle-blood vessel section is carried out to picture from internal blood vessel. can observe other formation methods can't observed blood vessel wall and the fine structure of tube chamber; Even component of organization. but traditional optical blood vessel endoscope image-forming principle all is to utilize optical scattering or reflected signal to obtain detected image; Because light receives the medium diffuse transmission influence big, has the shortcoming of penetration depth shallow (~ mm level).
Intravascular ultrasound imaging is based on the echo of detection ultrasonic signal in blood vessel wall and is carried out to picture, the diversity of reflection vascular tissue acoustic impedance; The intravascular photoacoustic imaging is based on the detection blood vessel wall and is carried out to picture for the photoacoustic signal that pulse laser absorbs the back generation, the optical absorption difference of reflection vascular tissue.These two kinds of technology provide the information of blood vessel respectively from acoustic impedance and two parameters of light absorption, the imaging depth of two kinds of formation methods can reach more than the 10cm, so these two kinds of technology are fit to blood vessel is carried out based endoscopic imaging very much.
Prior art " a kind of intravascular photoacoustic ultra sonic imaging endoscope and image processing device and the formation method thereof " .-2010.05.24.-10 of CN101912250/ South China Normal University (Xing Da) page or leaf discloses a kind of intravascular photoacoustic ultra sonic imaging endoscope and image processing device and formation method.This technology adopts hollow circular ring array ultrasonic detector and conical reflector; During photoacoustic imaging; Pulse laser is launched through the optical fiber transmission and at the bright dipping end; On the face of conical reflector, scatter and shine whole blood vessel wall simultaneously, the exciting light acoustical signal uses the circle ring array ultrasonic detector to receive the photoacoustic signal that produces; The circle ring array ultrasonic detector is launched ultrasonic signal during ultra sonic imaging, receives the ultrasonic signal of vasoreflex again, and this probe has the performance of photoacoustic imaging and ultra sonic imaging.
Its deficiency is, this technological pulse laser expands bundle at conical reflector, the whole internal blood vessel of simultaneous excitation, and required laser energy is big; And because pulse laser does not converge, so the resolution of photoacoustic image is not good, the probe of this device uses 64 acoustic sensors, the not good and complex structure of the receiving efficiency of single acoustic sensor in addition.
The present invention has developed a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device; And utilize this device to carry out formation method research in the ultrasonic integrated blood vessel of optoacoustic; This apparatus structure is simple; Required laser energy is low, image quality is high, and imaging device has positive propelling meaning in China's independent development novel vascular for promoting.
Summary of the invention
For solving the weak point that prior art exists; Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device; This device comprises a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe of compact, can realize the fusion of acoustic impedance and two kinds of imaging techniques of light absorption, and two kinds of imagings are accomplished synchronously; Improve accuracy of detection, reduce and detect cost and operation easier.
Another object of the present invention is to provide and utilize said apparatus to carry out method for imaging.
The object of the invention is realized through following technical scheme:
A kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device comprises optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, be rotatably connected part and peripheral circuit part, and the three connects successively;
Said optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe comprises ultrasound emission test section and laser conduction portion; Said ultrasound emission test section comprises acoustic sensor and basic fixed part; The basic fixed part is a cylinder; Open a fan groove in cylinder front end side; Symmetry is installed two acoustic sensors on the fan groove inner face, leaves slit in the middle of two acoustic sensors, and two acoustic sensors all are connected with the part that is rotatably connected through signal conductor; Said laser conduction portion is that the axis along the basic fixed part is provided with an end blind bore road; Pulse laser conduction optical fiber is installed in the duct; The bright dipping end of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is facing to the blind end in duct, and the other end of pulse conduction optical fiber is connected with the part that is rotatably connected; Bright dipping end at pulse laser conduction optical fiber is made 45 ° of chamferings and on the chamfering reflecting surface, is plated high-reflecting film; Two intermediary slits of acoustic sensor are over against bright dipping chamfer reflecting surface; The cylinder collecting lens is installed in slit simultaneously; Make pulse laser that the outgoing of pulse laser conduction optical fiber goes out after 90 ° of reflection deviations take place on the chamfering inclined-plane, through pooling a focal line behind the cylinder collecting lens.
Constitute angle theta in the middle of two unit acoustic sensor side direction in the said ultrasound emission test section; θ is 90 ° ~ 180 °; The middle vertical plane intersection along basic fixed part axis (being middle vertical plane and the parallel axes of basic fixed part) of two acoustic sensor detection faces is overlapped with the focal line of pulse laser after cylinder condenser lens converges; Form focusing mode; The size that is θ is confirmed with the size that detects blood vessel according to the focal length of cylinder collecting lens, and is the highest with the receiving efficiency of realizing photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal.
Said basic fixed part is the ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION material, can be in the rotation sweep process ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING ultrasonic; The size in said duct is slightly larger than the size of pulse laser conduction optical fiber.
The preparation material of said acoustic sensor can adopt piezoelectric ceramics or composite piezoelectric wafer, and said acoustic sensor can be different dominant frequency according to Demand Design, to realize different imaging resolutions and imaging depth;
The preparation material of said pulse laser conduction optical fiber can be quartz or plastics, and core diameter can be adjusted as required, to adapt to different excitation light intensity needs; The chamfering of said pulse laser conduction optical fiber bright dipping end can be different angles; To produce the emergent light of different angles, bright dipping end reflecting surface can be coated with the reflective coating of unlike material, to adapt to the requirement of different wave length; Jiao's length of said cylinder collecting lens can change, to adapt to the blood vessel without thickness.
Said focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging is popped one's head in and is rotatably connected between the part through medical telescopic joint; Pulse laser is conducted optical fiber with this sleeve pipe and signal conductor is wrapped in wherein; This sleeve pipe is little to the ultrasonic signal loss; To laser-light transparent, and have toughness, the rotor in making optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe and being rotatably connected partly rotates synchronously.
The said part that is rotatably connected comprises that optical fiber is rotatably connected, and signal conductor is rotatably connected and the mechanical rotation gear, and said optical fiber is rotatably connected and adopts the direct CGCM of optical fiber, can change Lens Coupling or GRIN Lens coupled mode into according to demand; Said signal conductor is rotatably connected and adopts the electromagnetic coupled pattern that is rotatably connected, and can change the brush connection mode into according to demand, hydrargyrum connection mode, all-metal contact mode or wireless mode; Said mechanical rotation gear is for being installed in epitrochanterian fixture, and optical fiber is rotatably connected to be rotatably connected with signal conductor to be fixed together, and can change belt, piezoelectricity rotation or other forms of integrated micro motor into according to demand.
The direct CGCM of said optical fiber is that the other end that is installed in the pulse laser conduction optical fiber in the basic fixed part is fixed on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected; The other end of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that will be connected with pulse laser is fixed on the stator of the part that is rotatably connected; The two ends collimation of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that is connected with stator with rotor respectively is relative; The middle space that keeps; The size in gap can Best Coupling be as the criterion with pulse, is fixed on the rotation of epitrochanterian pulse laser conduction optical fiber during rotation, and the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that is fixed on the stator is motionless.
The said electromagnetic coupled pattern of being rotatably connected is the method connection through the signal electromagnet coupling coil; On be rotatably connected stator partly and rotor, an electromagnetic coupled coil is installed respectively; The two is parallel relatively; The signal conductor other end that is connected with acoustic sensor is connected with epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil; The electromagnetism coupling coil is connected 360 ° of rotations of epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil freedom during work, the electromagnetic coupled coil stationary on the stator on the signal conductor other end that links to each other with the ultrasonic pulse transceiver and the stator;
When being rotatably connected, optical fiber adopts the direct CGCM of optical fiber; Signal conductor is rotatably connected when adopting electromagnetic coupled to be rotatably connected pattern; On the mechanical rotation gear, the optical fiber in the direct CGCM of said optical fiber is arranged in electromagnetic coupled and is rotatably connected in the middle of the electromagnetic coupled coil of pattern, and two element coaxials are installed on the bearing; Simultaneously, be fixed on stator and epitrochanterian two sections pulse lasers conduction optical fiber is used the sealing ring sealing and fixing respectively.
Said peripheral circuit portion branch comprises pulse laser, ultrasonic pulse transceiver, data receiving computer and motor.The triggering signal delivery outlet of said pulse laser is told the two paths of signals line, and wherein one the tunnel is connected with the trigger interface of ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and another road is connected with the data acquisition computer trigger interface; The signal output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver is connected with the signal receiving port of data receiving computer; Data receiving computer signal output is connected with motor.
Said pulse laser produces pulse laser exciting light acoustical signal, and the triggering signal synchronous data collection computer operation of emission; The ultrasonic pulse transceiver is launched electric pulse under the triggering of triggering signal, and receives photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal after amplifying; The data receiving computer is acquisition and recording photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal under triggering signal triggers; External motor drives the rotation of mechanical rotation gear under the control of data acquisition computer, the rotor of driven rotary coupling part rotates synchronously, and then drives medical sleeve pipe and the rotation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, carries out 360 ° of scannings.
Said ultrasonic pulse transceiver is the signal of the following emission of the triggering different frequency of triggering signal externally, and its emission ultrasonic signal frequencies scope is 20MHz ~ 50MHz, and receiving ultransonic frequency range is 1KHz ~ 75MHz; Said outer triggering signal is the Q-switch triggering signal of coming self-pulsing laser, but is not limited thereto, can be from function signal generator or other.
The wave-length coverage of the pulse laser that said pulse laser sends is 400nm ~ 500nm; The pulsewidth scope is 5ns ~ 50ns; The pulse laser of said pulse laser output gets into pulse laser conduction optical fiber after being coupled, the triggering signal of pulse laser output is divided into two-way triggering collection card and the work of ultrasonic pulse transceiver simultaneously, and said pulse laser can change other forms of dye laser into as required; Solid state laser, gas laser or semiconductor laser.
Said data receiving computer is equipped with capture card, control software and image processing software; After through capture card ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal being carried out the A/D conversion,, and be rotated scanning through control software control probe by the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data of each position of Computer Storage record; The sample rate scope of said capture card is 1Hz ~ 2GHz, and resolution is not limited to 14, and bandwidth is not limited to 100MHz, and plate carries internal memory and is not limited to 256M, and minimum voltage sensitivity is not limited to 12.2 microvolts, and maximum input voltage is not limited to positive and negative 10V; Said control software is Labview software; Said image processing software is a MATLAB software.
A kind of said apparatus that utilizes carries out method for imaging, and this method specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) excites: place tube to be measured inner optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe; Unbalanced pulse laser instrument output pulse laser; Pulse laser is after the optical fiber place of being rotatably connected directly is coupled; On the chamfering inclined-plane of laser pulse conduction optical fiber bright dipping end 90 ° of reflection deviations taking place, after the cylinder collecting lens converges, shines tube exciting light acoustical signal to be measured;
(2) gather: the Labview control software on the turn-on data collecting computer, the triggering signal of exporting synchronously with pulse laser output pulse laser is divided into two-way, and the capture card on one tunnel triggering signal trigger data acquisition computer begins acquired signal; The photoacoustic signal that pulse laser excites is converted into the signal of telecommunication after being received by acoustic sensor, through the signal conductor passback, is rotatably connected through signal conductor, is received and is amplified the back by the data acquisition computer acquisition and recording by the ultrasonic pulse transceiver; Another road triggering signal synchronous triggering ultrasonic pulse transceiver transmits; This signal excitation acoustic sensor produces ultrasonic, and ultrasonic arrival tube back reflection to be measured is received by acoustic sensor; Be converted into the signal of telecommunication; Through signal conductor passback, be rotatably connected through signal conductor, receive and amplify the back by the ultrasonic pulse transceiver by the data acquisition computer acquisition and recording;
(3) circulation: after gathering the photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal of accomplishing a certain position, the control software control motor rotating detector on the data acquisition computer carries out data acquisition to the next position, up to the data acquisition of accomplishing 360 °;
(4) imaging: the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data that are recorded on the data acquisition computer utilize filter back-projection algorithm to handle on image processing software, obtain the optoacoustic and the ultrasonoscopy of tube to be measured.
Acoustic sensor is that ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging are shared, and dual-mode during ultra sonic imaging is launched and detected ultrasonic; Single worker's pattern receives photoacoustic signal in the time of photoacoustic imaging.
In the said step (2), if the regulating impulse energy of lasers is output as 0, triggering signal is synchronous with pulse laser q switch, and the q switch is worked all the time, keeps the output of triggering signal, and only carry out ultrasound detection to tube to be measured this moment; If the energy output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver is adjusted to 0, then tube to be measured is only carried out photo-acoustic detection.
Said tube to be measured is a blood vessel.
Principle of the present invention is: the present invention is through pulse laser syncout pulse laser and triggering signal; 90 ° of reflections take place through pulse laser conduction fiber-optic transfer at the bright dipping end in pulse laser, after focusing is converged through the cylinder collecting lens; Side direction irradiation blood vessel wall; Vascular tissue produces photoacoustic signal after absorbing laser energy, and photoacoustic signal is received by acoustic sensor and is converted into the signal of telecommunication, returns through signal conductor; Amplify the back by acquisition and recording through the ultrasonic pulse transceiver, data acquisition works asynchronously with pulse laser; The triggering signal that pulse laser produces triggers the ultrasonic pulse transceiver emission signal of telecommunication, is transferred to through signal conductor and triggers its emission ultrasonic signal on the acoustic sensor, and ultrasonic signal arrives the blood vessel back reflection; The ultrasonic signal of reflection is received by acoustic sensor; Be converted into the signal of telecommunication, and, amplify the back by acquisition and recording through the ultrasonic pulse transceiver through the signal conductor passback; Carry out 360 ° of rotation sweeps by the motor drive, obtain photoacoustic image and ultrasonoscopy behind the date processing.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention has realized ultra sonic imaging, and formation method is integrated in two kinds of blood vessels of photoacoustic imaging, has simplified trace routine, reduces detection difficulty, can realize working independently or working simultaneously of two kinds of formation methods.
(2) the present invention can obtain the acoustic impedance of vascular tissue simultaneously, and two parameters of light absorption have improved the accuracy that detects through contrasting these two parameters.
(3) focusing rotation sweep pattern of the present invention obtains the highly sensitive of data, good resolution, and the correspondence of photoacoustic image and ultrasonoscopy is good.
(4) the present invention is simple in structure, and compactness is easy to realize, the overall diameter of medical sleeve pipe parcel probe is controlled in the 1mm, fully satisfies the detection for tiny blood vessels such as coronary artery or pathological changes artery-clogging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device of the present invention; Wherein, 1 is optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, and 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 3 are the part that is rotatably connected; 4 is pulse laser, and 5 are the ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and 6 is data acquisition computer; 7 is motor, and 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor.
Fig. 2 (a) is the structure chart of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, and wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 10 is the cylinder collecting lens, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is the basic fixed part; (b) be the laser conduction portion structural representation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 10 is the cylinder collecting lens; (c) be the focusing mode sketch map of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 9 is signal conductor, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is the basic fixed part.
Fig. 3 (a) be rotatably connected the part profile, wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, 8 is pulse conduction optical fiber; 9 is signal conductor, 13 rotors, and 14 is stator, 15 is sealing ring; 16 is the mechanical rotation gear, and 17 is bearing, and 18 is the electromagnetic coupled coil that is connected with signal conductor; (b) be the structural representation of epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil of part and the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that is rotatably connected, wherein 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 18 is the electromagnetic coupled coil.
Fig. 4 is the photoacoustic signal (along first signal of time shaft) and ultrasonic signal (along second signal of the time shaft) figure of embodiment 2 acquisition that utilizes focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the figure as a result that embodiment 2 utilizes the focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic of the present invention ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device that the stripped arteries of rabbit is carried out the optoacoustic ultra sonic imaging; (a) be vascular pathological figure; (b) being the photoacoustic image of blood vessel, (c) is the ultrasonoscopy of blood vessel.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed description, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
The structural representation of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device is as shown in Figure 1: wherein, 1 is optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, and 2 is medical sleeve pipe; 3 are the part that is rotatably connected, and 4 is pulse laser, and 5 are the ultrasonic pulse transceiver; 6 is data acquisition computer; 7 is motor, and 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor.
Fig. 2 (a) is the overall structure figure of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, and wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 10 is the cylinder collecting lens, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is the basic fixed part; (b) be the laser conduction portion structural representation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 10 is the cylindrical focusing lens; (c) be the acoustic sensor structural representation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 9 is signal conductor, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is the basic fixed part.Said optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, pulse laser conduction optical fiber and signal conductor are wrapped up by medical sleeve pipe, and this medical casing diameter 1mm is little for ultrasonic loss, for laser-light transparent, has toughness.
Among Fig. 2, basic fixed part 12 is used for fixing pulse laser conduction optical fiber, cylindrical focusing lens and acoustic sensor 11, and the ultrasonic signal of ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING; Be made as cylinder, diameter is 0.85mm, and long is 10mm; Have 148 ° fan groove in cylinder front end side, length is 5mm; In the middle of cylinder, have a front end blind bore road along axis, diameter 400 μ m.Said acoustic sensor is that piezoceramic material is made, and center dominant frequency 20MHz is of a size of 3mm*0.4mm; Dominant frequency is 20MHz, and 2 altogether, symmetry is fixed on the cambered surface in the basic fixed part fan groove respectively; Two acoustic sensors all are connected with the part that is rotatably connected through signal conductor; Maintain slit 3mm*0.25mm in the middle of two acoustic sensors, constitute angle theta in the middle of the side direction, θ is 148 °; Make overlapping with focal line after pulse laser converges of two acoustic sensor detection faces, form focusing mode along the middle vertical plane intersection of basic fixed part axis.The diameter of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is 380 μ m; Be processed with 45 ° of reflectings surface of chamfering at the bright dipping end; This optical fiber stretches into the intermediary duct of basic fixed part; Bright dipping end reflecting surface is aimed at the slit between two acoustic sensors, the corresponding cylindrical focusing lens of installing of bright dipping end reflecting surface in the duct, and focal length is 0.8mm.
Medical sleeve pipe, pulse laser conduction optical fiber and signal conductor all are connected on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected, and be as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 8 are pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 13 is rotor, and 14 is stator, and 15 is sealing ring, and 16 is the mechanical rotation gear, and 17 is bearing, and 18 is the electromagnetic coupled coil that is connected with signal conductor.The other end that is installed in the pulse laser conduction optical fiber in the basic fixed part is fixed on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected; The other end of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that will be connected with pulse laser is fixed on the stator of the part that is rotatably connected; Two termination collimations of said pulse laser conduction optical fiber are relative, and the middle space that keeps is fixed on the rotation of epitrochanterian pulse laser conduction optical fiber during rotation; The optical fiber that is fixed on the stator is motionless, is the direct CGCM of optical fiber; Signal conductor is connected with the electromagnetic coupled coil, on stator and the rotor of part that be rotatably connected, an electromagnetic coupled coil is installed respectively, and the two is parallel relatively, is the electromagnetic coupled pattern that is rotatably connected, and epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil rotates during work.When acoustic sensor received ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal, acoustic sensor produced the signal of telecommunication, and transmission arrives the electromagnetic coupled coil to the signal of telecommunication through signal conductor; Be converted into electromagnetic wave; Be delivered to the electromagnetic coupled coil on the stator, the entering signal lead continues to transmit again, and process is opposite during the emission ultrasonic signal.
During this device work, pulse laser conduction optical fiber is with pulse laser (Vibrant B 532I, OPOTEK; USA) pulse laser that produces transmits forward, through the continued transmission that directly is coupled of the optical fiber of the part that is rotatably connected, arrives optical fiber bright dipping end; Pulse laser converges the back through the cylinder collecting lens and arrives vascular tissue 90 ° of 45 ° of reflecting surface upper deflectings of bright dipping chamfer, excites blood vessel wall to produce photoacoustic signal; Acoustic sensor receives photoacoustic signal, produces the signal of telecommunication, is transmitted by signal conductor; Be delivered to the ultrasonic pulse transceiver behind the electromagnetic coupled coil through the part that is rotatably connected, by the data acquisition computer acquisition and recording.The triggering signal that pulse laser sends when producing pulse laser synchronously is divided into two-way, trigger data acquisition computer and ultrasonic pulse transceiver (5073PR, Olympus Inc.) work respectively; The ultrasonic pulse transceiver emission signal of telecommunication; This signal of telecommunication excites acoustic sensor to produce ultrasonic signal, arrives the blood vessel wall back reflection, and acoustic sensor receives the ultrasonic echo that reflects; Convert the signal of telecommunication into; Via the signal conductor transmission, be delivered to the ultrasonic pulse transceiver behind the electromagnetic coupled coil through the part that is rotatably connected, by the data acquisition computer acquisition and recording.After accomplishing the collection of a position, data acquisition computer can the control step driven by motor be rotatably connected partial rotation to the next position, repeats gatherer process just, up to the signals collecting of accomplishing 360 °.All signals that collect utilize filter back-projection algorithm to rebuild on data acquisition computer becomes photoacoustic image and ultrasonoscopy.
Said data receiving computer is equipped with capture card, control software and image processing software; After through capture card ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal being carried out the A/D conversion,, and be rotated scanning through control software control probe by the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data of each position of Computer Storage record; The sample rate scope of said capture card is 1Hz ~ 2GHz, and resolution is 14, and bandwidth is 100MHz, saves as 256M in plate carries, and minimum voltage sensitivity is 12.2 microvolts, and maximum input voltage is positive and negative 10V; Said control software is Labview software; Said image processing software is a MATLAB software.
Can the regulating impulse energy of lasers be output as 0 in the gatherer process; Triggering signal and pulse laser q switch are synchronous; The q switch is worked all the time, keeps the output of triggering signal, and system will only carry out ultrasound detection to blood vessel this moment; Perhaps the energy output with the ultrasonic pulse transceiver is 0, and system will only carry out photo-acoustic detection to blood vessel this moment.
The ultrasonic based endoscopic imaging device of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic of application implementation example 1 carries out ultrasonic optoacoustic synchronous imaging in blood vessel, method is following:
(1) excites: place the stripped arteries of rabbit inner focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe; The unbalanced pulse laser instrument produces laser pulse, and wavelength is 512nm, pulsewidth 10ns; Repetition rate 10Hz; Pulse laser conducts fiber-optic transfer through the optical fiber continued that directly is coupled of the part that is rotatably connected by pulse laser, arrives optical fiber bright dipping end, and pulse laser is 90 ° of 45 ° of reflecting surface upper deflectings of bright dipping chamfer; Converge rear side to irradiation vascular tissue through the cylinder collecting lens, produce photoacoustic signal;
(2) gather: the Labview control software on the turn-on data collecting computer, the triggering signal of exporting synchronously with pulse laser output pulse laser is divided into two-way, the work of one tunnel triggering signal triggering collection card; The photoacoustic signal that pulse laser excites is received by acoustic sensor; Photoacoustic signal is received by acoustic sensor and is converted into the signal of telecommunication; Through signal conductor passback, be transferred to the ultrasonic pulse transceiver behind the electromagnetic coupled coil through the part that is rotatably connected and amplify behind the 30dB by the data acquisition computer record; Another road triggering signal of pulse laser output synchronously triggers the ultrasonic pulse transceiver and transmits (this voltage of signals is-180V frequency 20MHz), and this signal is after the electromagnetic coupled coil transmission of the part that is rotatably connected; Continue to be sent to acoustic sensor; The excitation acoustic sensor produces ultrasonic, ultrasonic arrival blood vessel back reflection, and the ultrasonic of reflection received by acoustic sensor; Be converted into the signal of telecommunication; Through signal conductor passback, behind the electromagnetic coupled coil through the part that is rotatably connected, accept and amplify the back by the data acquisition computer acquisition and recording by the ultrasonic pulse transceiver;
Signal graph for data acquisition computer record shown in Figure 4 according to time series, at first receives photoacoustic signal, receives ultrasonic signal again, and the interval that begins to collect photoacoustic signal is identical with the interval of photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal.
(3) circulation: after gathering the photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal of accomplishing a certain position, the Labview control sequence control step motor rotating detector on the data acquisition computer carries out data acquisition to the next position, up to the data acquisition of accomplishing 360 °;
(4) imaging: the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data that are recorded on the data acquisition computer pass through the filtered back projection's routine processes in the MATLAB software; Obtain optoacoustic and ultrasonoscopy, as shown in Figure 5, (a) be vascular pathological figure; (b) being the photoacoustic image of blood vessel, (c) is the ultrasonoscopy of blood vessel.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; But embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; Other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device is characterized in that: comprise optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, be rotatably connected partly and the peripheral circuit part that the three connects successively;
Said optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe comprises ultrasound emission test section and laser conduction portion; Said ultrasound emission test section comprises acoustic sensor and basic fixed part; The basic fixed part is a cylinder; Open a fan groove in cylinder front end side; Symmetry is installed two acoustic sensors on the fan groove inner face, leaves slit in the middle of two acoustic sensors, and two acoustic sensors all are connected with the part that is rotatably connected through signal conductor; Said laser conduction portion is that the axis along the basic fixed part is provided with an end blind bore road; Pulse laser conduction optical fiber is installed in the duct; The bright dipping end of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is facing to the blind end in duct, and the other end of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is connected with the part that is rotatably connected; Bright dipping end at pulse laser conduction optical fiber is made 45 ° of chamferings and on the chamfering reflecting surface, is plated high-reflecting film; Two intermediary slits of acoustic sensor are over against bright dipping chamfer reflecting surface; The cylinder collecting lens is installed in slit simultaneously; Make pulse laser that the outgoing of pulse laser conduction optical fiber goes out after 90 ° of reflection deviations take place on the chamfering inclined-plane, through pooling a focal line behind the cylinder collecting lens.
2. device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: constitute angle theta in the middle of two acoustic sensor side direction in the said ultrasound emission test section; θ is 90 ° ~ 180 °, and the middle vertical plane intersection along basic fixed part axis of two acoustic sensor detection faces is overlapped with the focal line of pulse laser after cylinder condenser lens converges.
3. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said basic fixed part is the ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION material; The preparation material of said acoustic sensor adopts piezoelectric ceramics or composite piezoelectric wafer; The preparation material of said pulse laser conduction optical fiber is quartz or plastics, and the focal length of said cylinder collecting lens is 0.5mm ~ 4mm.
4. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: through medical telescopic joint, pulse laser is conducted optical fiber with this sleeve pipe and signal conductor is wrapped in wherein between said optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging was popped one's head in and be rotatably connected partly;
The said part that is rotatably connected comprises that optical fiber is rotatably connected, signal conductor is rotatably connected and the mechanical rotation gear; Said optical fiber is rotatably connected and adopts the direct CGCM of optical fiber, Lens Coupling or GRIN Lens coupled mode; Said signal conductor is rotatably connected and adopts electromagnetic coupled be rotatably connected pattern, brush connection mode, hydrargyrum connection mode, all-metal contact mode or wireless mode; Said mechanical rotation gear is for being installed in epitrochanterian fixture, and optical fiber is rotatably connected to be rotatably connected with signal conductor to be fixed together.
5. device according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: the direct CGCM of said optical fiber is that the other end that is installed in the pulse laser conduction optical fiber in the basic fixed part is fixed on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected; The other end of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that will be connected with pulse laser is fixed on the stator of the part that is rotatably connected; The two ends collimation of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that is connected with stator with rotor respectively is relative, the middle space that keeps, and the size in gap can Best Coupling be as the criterion with pulse; Be fixed on the rotation of epitrochanterian pulse laser conduction optical fiber during rotation, the pulse laser conduction optical fiber that is fixed on the stator is motionless;
The said electromagnetic coupled pattern of being rotatably connected is the method connection through the signal electromagnet coupling coil; On be rotatably connected stator partly and rotor, an electromagnetic coupled coil is installed respectively; The two is parallel relatively; The middle space that keeps, the signal conductor other end that is connected with acoustic sensor is connected with epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil, is connected with electromagnetism coupling coil on the continuous signal conductor other end of ultrasonic pulse transceiver and the stator; Epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil rotation during rotation, the electromagnetic coupled coil stationary on the stator;
When being rotatably connected, optical fiber adopts the direct CGCM of optical fiber; Signal conductor is rotatably connected when adopting electromagnetic coupled to be rotatably connected pattern; On the mechanical rotation gear; Optical fiber in the direct CGCM of said optical fiber is arranged in electromagnetic coupled and is rotatably connected in the middle of the electromagnetic coupled coil of pattern, and two element coaxials are installed on the bearing, and two sections pulse lasers conduction optical fiber on rotor and the stator are used the sealing ring sealing and fixing respectively.
6. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said peripheral circuit portion branch comprises pulse laser, ultrasonic pulse transceiver, data receiving computer and motor;
The triggering signal delivery outlet of said pulse laser is told the two paths of signals line, and wherein one the tunnel is connected with the trigger interface of ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and another road is connected with the data acquisition computer trigger interface; The signal output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver is connected with the signal receiving port of data receiving computer; The signal output of data receiving computer is connected with motor;
Said pulse laser produces pulse laser exciting light acoustical signal; The triggering signal trigger data acquisition computer operation of synchronized transmissions; The transceiver of ultrasonic pulse is simultaneously launched electric pulse under the triggering of triggering signal, and receives photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal after amplifying; The data receiving computer is acquisition and recording photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal under triggering signal triggers; External motor drives the rotation of mechanical rotation gear under the control of data acquisition computer, the rotor of driven rotary coupling part rotates synchronously, and then drives medical sleeve pipe and the rotation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe, carries out 360 ° of scannings.
7. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the frequency range 20MHz ~ 50MHz of said ultrasonic pulse transceiver emission ultrasonic signal, and the frequency range that receives ultrasonic signal is 1KHz ~ 75MHz; The wave-length coverage of the pulse laser that said pulse laser sends is 400nm～2500nm, and the pulsewidth scope is 5ns～50ns, is dye laser, solid state laser, gas laser or semiconductor laser.
8. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said data receiving computer is equipped with capture card, control software and image processing software; After through capture card ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal being carried out the A/D conversion,, and be rotated scanning through spying upon head in the control software control by the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data of each position of Computer Storage record; The sample rate scope of said capture card is 1Hz ~ 2GHz, and resolution is 14, and bandwidth is 100MHz, saves as 256M in plate carries, and minimum voltage sensitivity is 12.2 microvolts, and maximum input voltage is positive and negative 10V; Said control software is Labview software; Said image processing software is a MATLAB software.
9. one kind is utilized each described device of claim 1 ~ 8 to carry out method for imaging, it is characterized in that specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) excites: place tube to be measured inner optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging probe; Unbalanced pulse laser instrument output pulse laser; 90 ° of reflection deviations take place in pulse laser on the chamfering inclined-plane of laser pulse conduction optical fiber bright dipping end after the optical fiber place of being rotatably connected directly is coupled; After the converging of cylinder collecting lens, shine tube exciting light acoustical signal to be measured;
(2) gather: the control software on the turn-on data collecting computer, the triggering signal of exporting synchronously with pulse laser output pulse laser is divided into two-way, and the capture card on one tunnel triggering signal trigger data acquisition computer begins acquired signal; The photoacoustic signal that pulse laser excites is converted into the signal of telecommunication after being received by acoustic sensor, through the signal conductor passback, is rotatably connected through signal conductor, is received and is amplified the back by the data acquisition computer acquisition and recording by the ultrasonic pulse transceiver; Another road triggering signal synchronous triggering ultrasonic pulse transceiver emission signal of telecommunication; This signal of telecommunication excitation acoustic sensor produces ultrasonic, and ultrasonic arrival tube back reflection to be measured is received by acoustic sensor; Be converted into the signal of telecommunication; Through signal conductor passback, be rotatably connected through signal conductor, receive and amplify the back by the ultrasonic pulse transceiver by the data acquisition computer acquisition and recording;
(3) circulation: after gathering the photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal of accomplishing a certain position, the control software control motor rotating detector on the data acquisition computer carries out data acquisition to the next position, up to the data acquisition of accomplishing 360 °;
(4) imaging: the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data that are recorded on the data acquisition computer utilize filter back-projection algorithm to handle on image processing software, obtain the optoacoustic and the ultrasonoscopy of tube to be measured.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: in the said step (2), if the regulating impulse energy of lasers is output as 0; Triggering signal is synchronous with pulse laser q switch; The q switch is worked all the time, keeps the output of triggering signal, and only carry out ultrasound detection to tube to be measured this moment; If the energy output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver is adjusted to 0, then tube to be measured is only carried out photo-acoustic detection.
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