CN102735755B - A kind of engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method - Google Patents
A kind of engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102735755B CN102735755B CN201210225138.2A CN201210225138A CN102735755B CN 102735755 B CN102735755 B CN 102735755B CN 201210225138 A CN201210225138 A CN 201210225138A CN 102735755 B CN102735755 B CN 102735755B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method, ultrasonic surface wave probe is placed in connecting rod test block in kind and its artificial defect is tested, supersonic reflectoscope receiving surface wave reflection echoed signal, at the display screen display reflection echo signal of supersonic reflectoscope, initial sensitivity supersonic reflectoscope and ultrasonic surface wave probe being carried out to level range finding demarcation and reflection echo wave amplitude is demarcated; (1), the both side surface of connecting rod muscle is carried out clearing up and tying, ultrasonic surface wave probe is placed in the side surface of connecting rod muscle and moves forward and backward, when the reflection echo wave amplitude of surface wave is greater than initial sensitivity demarcation 6dB, be judged to be connecting rod crack defect ripple, this position of connecting rod has crackle.The present invention does not need connecting rod to pull down from locomotive, can detect, not only testing cost is low, efficiency is high, effectively can detect, can ensure the security of operation of locomotive more reliably to engine connecting rod early fatigue crackle connecting rod fatigue crack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method, belong to connecting rod technical field of nondestructive testing.
Background technology
Along with the raising speed by a large scale of China railways, locomotive running speed and load-carrying are obtained for very large raising, effectively solve transportation by railroad problem.But along with the raising of locomotive running speed and dead weight capacity, the hauling capacity of a locomotive also will strengthen thereupon greatly, as the key components and parts of locomotive self-energy transfer unit, connecting rod in diesel-engine body is in its operation process, due to the effect of the pulling force and pressure that are subject to the alternation of high frequency, easily produce fatigue crack in its shaft stress concentration portion position.And if the fatigue crack being present in rod surface finds not in time, detects, very easily there is connecting rod cracking and cause accident of locomotive defect, will safety of railway traffic be badly influenced.
At present, connecting rod is mainly first dismantled from locomotive by the detection of rod surface fatigue crack, after connecting rod cleaning, carry out surperficial Magnetic testing.But the position residing for engine connecting rod and complicated structure, dismounting and installation process all very complicated, not only labour intensity is large, and detection efficiency is low.And adopting the connecting rod after dismounting to carry out detection method, locomotive operation rate reduces greatly, will badly influence railway normal transport.And at present conventional surface nondestructive detects that to have the method such as Liquid penetrant testing, the detection of EDDY CURRENT shear wave, Liquid penetrant testing also to need must be pulled down from locomotive by connecting rod just to detect afterwards, site operative is poor, and detection efficiency is lower.And although EDDY CURRENT can meet in theory and can detect connecting rod on locomotive, for non-disassembly measurement, but environment residing for connecting rod and surface appearance, cause EDDY CURRENT Lift-off effect fairly obvious, identification is difficult to flaw indication, the accuracy rate detected cannot be ensured.Conventional shear wave detects then because connecting rod present position in locomotive is special and shape and structure restriction, and probe does not have enough movings range, and ultrasonic wave acoustic beam can not cover connecting rod and all to detect a flaw region, easily causes Lous spy, on-the-spot poor feasibility.Thus, correct, in time, effectively, low cost safety detection is carried out to rod surface fatigue crack, be the important ring ensureing railway locomotive and safety of railway traffic.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of when detecting connecting rod fatigue crack, do not need connecting rod to pull down from locomotive, testing cost is low, can improve a kind of engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method of detection efficiency and recall rate.
The present invention for the technical scheme that achieves the above object is: (1), be placed in connecting rod test block in kind by ultrasonic surface wave probe, and movable ultrasonic surface wave probe, artificial defect in connecting rod test block in kind is tested, to pop one's head in the supersonic reflectoscope receiving surface wave reflection echoed signal be connected with ultrasonic surface wave, at the display screen display reflection echo signal of supersonic reflectoscope, and supersonic reflectoscope and ultrasonic surface wave probe are carried out to the initial sensitivity demarcation of level range finding demarcation and reflection echo wave amplitude;
(2), the both side surface of connecting rod muscle is carried out clearing up and tying, movable on the side surface that ultrasonic surface wave probe is placed in connecting rod muscle, the surface wave of ultrasonic surface wave probe is incident to the side surface of connecting rod muscle, when the reflection echo wave amplitude of surface wave is greater than initial sensitivity 6dB, be judged to be connecting rod crack defect ripple, this position of connecting rod has crackle.
The present invention's ultrasonic surface wave probe is first tested the artificial defect in connecting rod test block in kind, the initial sensitivity of supersonic reflectoscope and ultrasonic surface wave probe and reflection echo wave amplitude is demarcated, movable in the both side surface again ultrasonic surface wave probe being placed in connecting rod muscle, the surface wave in the region of the fatigue crack that the both side surface detecting connecting rod muscle easily produces, when the reflection echo wave amplitude of surface wave be greater than reflection echo wave amplitude initial sensitivity demarcate 6dB time, can be judged to be connecting rod crack defect ripple, connecting rod has crackle in this position.The present invention can carry out ultrasonic surface wave detection to engine connecting rod fatigue crack online, owing to not needing to be removed in casing by connecting rod, time connecting rod realize Non-Destructive Testing, substantially increase the detection efficiency of connecting rod fatigue crack, reduce the complexity that connecting rod fatigue crack detects, it also avoid work engine connecting rod being carried out to integral demounting, railway normal transport can not be had influence on.The present invention can detect connecting rod fatigue crack owing to not disintegrating, and considerably reduces testing cost, and each locomotive depot can save fund 80 ~ 1,000,000 every year.The present invention effectively can detect engine connecting rod early fatigue crackle, and detection sensitivity, recall rate and reliability all can meet testing requirement, can ensure the security of operation of locomotive more reliably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is connecting rod of the present invention test block structural representation in kind.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
The structural representation of timing signal is carried out in the test block in kind of Fig. 3 connecting rod of the present invention to artificial defect.
Fig. 4 is the display screen of timing signal supersonic reflectoscope is carried out in connecting rod of the present invention test block in kind curve map to artificial defect.
Embodiment
A kind of engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method of the present invention,
(1), ultrasonic surface wave probe 2 is placed in connecting rod test block 1 in kind, and movable ultrasonic surface wave probe 2, artificial defect in connecting rod test block 1 in kind is tested, to pop one's head in the 2 supersonic reflectoscope receiving surface wave reflection echoed signals be connected with ultrasonic surface wave, at the display screen display reflection echo signal of supersonic reflectoscope, and supersonic reflectoscope and ultrasonic surface wave probe are carried out to the initial sensitivity demarcation of level range finding demarcation and reflection echo wave amplitude.
See Fig. 1, shown in 2, the artificial defect of connecting rod of the present invention test block 1 in kind is notch, this notch is arranged on the two sides of connecting rod muscle, two sides due to connecting rod muscle easily produce fatigue crack region, pretend as test surface, every side of connecting rod muscle is provided with at least two notches, the groove depth of each notch is at 0.5 ~ 5mm, groove width is at 0.1 ~ 0.3mm, distance H between two notches is at 20 ~ 150mm, each groove depth is at 1 ~ 3mm, as groove depth controls at 1.5mm, or 2mm or 2.5mm etc., and groove width controls at 0.2mm or 0.25mm etc., distance H between two notches is at 50 ~ 120mm, as distance H can be controlled in 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm etc., notch in connecting rod of the present invention test block 1 in kind is multiple, as Fig. 1, shown in 2, the side of connecting rod muscle is provided with A notch and B notch, the opposite side of the muscle of connecting rod shown in Fig. 2 is provided with C notch and D notch, can according to the quantity of length setting notch of connecting rod and the groove depth of notch, width and slot pitch.
Ultrasonic surface wave probe 2 is placed in connecting rod test block 1 in kind, and movable ultrasonic surface wave probe 2, the demarcation distance h of ultrasonic surface wave probe 2 and wherein one place's artificial defect is controlled between 10 ~ 140mm, when artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude shown on the display screen of supersonic reflectoscope reaches the strongest, regulate the attenuator of supersonic reflectoscope, artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude is transferred to supersonic reflectoscope display screen full-scale 50% ~ 80%, and carry out level range finding demarcation according to demarcation distance, level range finding is demarcated as 1:1 ~ 2; After mixing up level range finding, regulate supersonic reflectoscope gain 6-12dB again, to compensate surface coupling difference as flaw detection sensitivity, the initial sensitivity completing reflection echo wave amplitude is demarcated.
See Fig. 3, shown in 4, surface wave probe 2 is placed connecting rod test block 1 in kind and be 90mm with the demarcation distance h of A notch time, regulate supersonic reflectoscope, when artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude on the display screen of supersonic reflectoscope reaches the strongest, namely the artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude S on display screen reaches 100%, regulate the attenuator of supersonic reflectoscope, artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude is transferred to supersonic reflectoscope display screen full-scale 80%, be the artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude F in curve map, the horizontal scale of display screen is 4.5mm, now each large lattice represents 20mm, namely the level range finding ratio detected is 1:2, horizontal scale as display screen is 9mm, now each large lattice represents 10mm, namely the level range finding ratio detected is 1:1, most high reverse--bias echo can be also supersonic reflectoscope display screen full-scale 60% or 65% or 70% etc. by the present invention to a high-profile, if the horizontal scale when display screen is 6.67, now each large lattice represents 15mm, level range finding is demarcated as 1:1.5, after mixing up level range finding, regulate supersonic reflectoscope gain 6dB again, or 8dB or 10dB, the initial sensitivity completing reflection echo wave amplitude is demarcated.
The present invention is when detecting engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave, the both side surface of connecting rod muscle is carried out clearing up and tying, using the both side surface of connecting rod muscle as flaw detection region, the both side surface of the connecting rod muscle through clearing up and after tying can reduce oil reservoir ripple and X-wave forms imaginary flaw echo and produces erroneous judgement in ultrasonic surface wave probe moving process, therefore can improve the accuracy of connecting rod fatigue crack detection.Ultrasonic surface wave probe is placed in the side surface of connecting rod muscle and moves forward and backward, the surface wave of ultrasonic surface wave probe is incident on the side surface of connecting rod muscle, the ultrasound wave that the transmitting wafer of its ultrasonic surface wave probe is launched enters diaphragm with the incident angle slightly larger than second critical angle, after diaphragm and connecting rod survey face of detecting a flaw reflects, there is shape transformation to be incident to the form of surface wave on the side surface of connecting rod muscle, surface wave is propagated in rod surface, when travel path runs into crack defect, surface wave propagation can change, one portion of ultrasonic sound wave is still reflected with the pattern of surface wave at crackle opening part, and return along detected connecting rod flaw detection surface, another part ultrasound wave still continues forward direction with the pattern of surface wave along crack surfaces, and when propagating into crack tip, portion of ultrasonic sound wave is returned by reflecting, and portion of ultrasonic sound wave continues with the pattern of surface wave along crack surfaces forward direction, some ultrasound wave becomes modification compressional wave and distortion shear wave with the pattern of surface wave in surperficial turning point or crack tip generation shape transformation, propagate in connecting rod inside crack, when the reflection echo wave amplitude of surface wave is greater than the initial sensitivity 6dB of reflection echo wave amplitude, be judged to be connecting rod crack defect ripple, connecting rod has crackle in this position.
Claims (1)
1. an engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method, is characterized in that:
(1), ultrasonic surface wave probe is placed in connecting rod test block in kind, and movable ultrasonic surface wave probe, artificial defect in connecting rod test block in kind is tested, to pop one's head in the supersonic reflectoscope receiving surface wave reflection echoed signal be connected with ultrasonic surface wave, at the display screen display reflection echo signal of supersonic reflectoscope, and supersonic reflectoscope and ultrasonic surface wave probe are carried out to the initial sensitivity demarcation of level range finding demarcation and reflection echo wave amplitude;
Wherein: the artificial defect of described connecting rod test block in kind is notch, and notch is arranged on the two sides of connecting rod muscle, every side of connecting rod muscle is provided with at least two notches, the groove depth of each notch is at 0.5 ~ 5mm, groove width is at 0.1 ~ 0.3mm, distance H between two notches is at 20 ~ 150mm, described probe by ultrasonic surface wave is placed in connecting rod test block in kind, and movable ultrasonic surface wave probe, the demarcation distance h of ultrasonic surface wave probe and wherein place's artificial defect is controlled between 10 ~ 140mm, when artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude on the display screen of supersonic reflectoscope reaches the strongest, regulate the attenuator of supersonic reflectoscope, artificial defect reflection echo wave amplitude is transferred to supersonic reflectoscope display screen full-scale 50% ~ 80%, and carry out level range finding demarcation according to demarcation distance, level range finding is demarcated as 1:1 ~ 2, after mixing up level range finding, regulate supersonic reflectoscope gain 6-12dB again, the initial sensitivity completing reflection echo wave amplitude is demarcated,
(2), the both side surface of connecting rod muscle is carried out clearing up and tying, movable on the side surface that ultrasonic surface wave probe is placed in connecting rod muscle, the surface wave of ultrasonic surface wave probe is incident to the side surface of connecting rod muscle, when the reflection echo wave amplitude of surface wave is greater than initial sensitivity 6dB, be judged to be connecting rod crack defect ripple, this position of connecting rod has crackle.
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| CN201210225138.2A CN102735755B (en) | 2012-07-02 | 2012-07-02 | A kind of engine connecting rod fatigue crack ultrasonic surface wave detecting method |
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| CN104155367A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 南车成都机车车辆有限公司 | Reference block of ultrasonic flaw detection and application method thereof |
| CN104634873A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-20 | 同济大学 | Ultrasonic detection system and method for damage of steel wires in bridge-cable anchoring area |
| CN104820016A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-05 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Locomotive connecting shaft fatigue crack ultrasonic detection method |
| CN106568841B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2020-11-03 | 上海金艺检测技术有限公司 | Method for monitoring crack defect of girder of heavy-load traveling crane |
| CN105203635A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-30 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Surface wave detection method for longitudinal defect on outer surface of small-diameter tube |
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| CN106802325B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-10-25 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | The test device and detection method of acoustic axis angle of deviation |
| CN108896301B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2020-02-07 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Device for testing axial fatigue performance of connecting rod of high-power diesel engine and using method thereof |
| CN109541574B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2024-09-10 | 核动力运行研究所 | Automatic calibration device and method for ultrasonic detection distance amplitude curve |
| CN113866266A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-31 | 四川航天川南火工技术有限公司 | Ultrasonic detection method for debonding defect of initiating explosive device cylindrical thin shell adhesive assembly |
| CN113984906B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2024-05-14 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Test block and calibration method of phased array detection device |
| CN113552216B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-14 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Brake clamp lever bolt detection method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101923074B (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-01-11 | 国营江北机械厂 | Ultrasonic detection method of ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall spinning cylinder |
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| CN1948962A (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-04-18 | 华东电力试验研究院 | Supersonic crack detecting method of pillar porcelain insulator and probe thereof |
| CN101509899A (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2009-08-19 | 天津市电力公司 | Ultrasonic detecting method for electric power pylon steel angle |
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