CN102720215A - Permanent-joint-free overlength reinforced concrete underground engineering design and building method utilizing restraining bodies - Google Patents
Permanent-joint-free overlength reinforced concrete underground engineering design and building method utilizing restraining bodies Download PDFInfo
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- CN102720215A CN102720215A CN2012102134891A CN201210213489A CN102720215A CN 102720215 A CN102720215 A CN 102720215A CN 2012102134891 A CN2012102134891 A CN 2012102134891A CN 201210213489 A CN201210213489 A CN 201210213489A CN 102720215 A CN102720215 A CN 102720215A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent-joint-free overlength reinforced concrete underground engineering design and building method utilizing restraining bodies. According to the method, the ordinary underground engineering technology is used for construction, an overlength underground engineering structure body is divided into a plurality of regions by post-cast strips or construction joints; the number of fixed restraining bodies in each region is determined according to the restraining degree value of objective or modified fixed restraining bodies in each region, and the region is enabled not to crack through contraction; in the construction of each region, the underground engineering and the fixed restraining bodies in the region are cast into a whole; and the post-cast strips or the construction joints among all regions are cast by expansion concrete, all regions are connected into a whole, and the overlength underground engineering structure body is completed. The method has the advantages that the generation of concrete contraction deformation of the corresponding regions is prevented through the fixed restraining bodies, the concrete contraction deformation stress is reduced, the transfer and the accumulation of the contraction deformation are prevented, the cracking caused by the contraction deformation of each region cannot be caused, and the anti-cracking seepage prevention effect of the permanent-joint-free overlength reinforced concrete underground engineering is reached.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of overlength steel bar concrete underground construction design and construction method---utilize the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method.
Background technology
Along with the development of urban infrastructure and the quick arrival in motorize epoch, it is nervous that the exploitation underground space solves the land for building, city, and the parking difficult problem is the task of top priority.Large-scale in recent years underground construction constantly occurs; The basement degree of depth is more and more darker; Length is also more and more longer, the construction of the completion underground construction of how to guarantee both quality and quantity, guarantee underground construction in the construction stage with the permanent operational phase water-tight difficult problem that must solve that become that do not ftracture.
There is clear and definite regulation and stipulation in country to the design and construction of overlength steel bar concrete basement, and the length of basement must be established deformation joint after surpassing standard.And the constructional difficulties of deformation joint, the permanent problem of waterproof also are difficult to solve.Along with underground construction is more and more darker, groundwater seepage pressure is increasing, thereby increasingly high to the waterproof requirement of deformation joint, and present technology also can't solve this difficult problem.Deformation joint by the current specifications setting will constitute the hidden danger that can't eliminate with normal the use to the permanent safety of underground engineering.Thereby beginning to break through the permanent seam of standard implementation nothing design and construction method in recent years, the means of employing are nothing but " preventing " (changing concrete grating and use additive), " putting " (ater-casting or constuction joint are set), three kinds of means of " resisting " (water expansion concrete reinforcing band after being provided with and set up cracking resistance muscle etc.).
A large amount of underground engineering constructions facts have proved, generations cracks such as the contraction of concrete and the temperature difference contraction of operational phase can't be avoided underground construction generation engineering accident such as leak fully during underground construction was built, and especially the overlength underground construction is all the more so.Engineering circle is in awkward boundary at present, if by standard the deformation joint traditional method is set, the waterproof of deformation joint and permanent problem are very outstanding, and especially the degree of depth of basement is built darker and darker; As if by there not being permanent seam mentality of designing, also there is certain employing " to prevent, put, resist " Engineering Projects of three kinds of means both at home and abroad in recent years, but producing the phenomenon of leaking, shrinkage crack still can't avoid, still do not have more effective design and construction method at present and solve this difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of overlength steel bar concrete underground construction and utilize the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method, reduce when the overlength basement is not established deformation joint or avoid the generation of shrinkage crack that new mentality of designing and construction method is provided for solving.
A kind of overlength steel bar concrete underground construction utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method, and stage of construction is following:
1), utilize conventional underground construction technology construction ater-casting or constuction joint that overlength underground engineering structure body is divided into several zonules;
2), according to objective reality in each zonule or confirm the quantity of this motionless obligatory point in zone through the constraint degree size of the motionless obligatory point transformed, guarantee that this zone can shrinkage cracking;
3), set up motionless obligatory point in the zonule of motionless obligatory point lacking or do not have;
4), in the construction of each zonule, underground construction watered with the motionless obligatory point that is positioned at this zone builds up integral body;
5), ater-casting or the constuction joint that each is interregional build with the expansion concrete, makes each zone be linked to be integral body, accomplishes overlength underground engineering structure body.
Motionless obligatory point is meant according to structure Design and Calculation and must builds and the member of objective reality; Be generally reinforced concrete structure; In order to practice thrift cost, often use the suitable structure that has existed in the underground construction construction as motionless obligatory point, like the engineering piles under the basement bottom board, following protruding grade beam, cushion cap, elevator shaft etc.; Or for the required interim fender post that sets of underground construction, go along with sb. to guard him capping beam, waling beam etc.; Also can set up obligatory point as required, as set pile body, following raised line shape or blocks, to strengthen restriction ability according to this zone motionless obligatory point distribution deficiency.
The constraint degree of motionless obligatory point is meant that motionless obligatory point stops the coupled underground engineering structure that connects to produce the ability of concrete shrinkage strain.
In order to strengthen the constraint degree of motionless obligatory point, reinforcing bar is connected with the interior reinforcing bar of respective regions in the motionless obligatory point, and connector makes a concerted effort to learn calculation requirement.The constraint degree of motionless obligatory point can draw according to Theoretical Calculation or experiment.
Utilize these motionless obligatory points, the shrinkage strain that causes owing to the temperature difference in the shrinkage strain of concrete and the use in the prevention construction guarantees that this zonule underground construction can not cause shrinkage cracking.So that an overlength underground engineering structure bodyization is greatly little, fight separately, stop the transmission and the accumulation of concrete shrinkage strain, the safety of critical underground construction.
Motionless obligatory point can be divided into point, piece, face, bar etc., can be an obligatory point like the single engineering piles under the basement bottom board, and protruding cushion cap can be the piece obligatory point under a clump of piles combined; Protruding down elevator stair core space combines a clump of piles to be the face obligatory point; And down protruding grade beam etc. can be bar obligatory point or the like, and the periphery of whole overlength underground engineering structure body is according to stressed and the function various obligatory points that distributing, like objective realities such as the stake under the basement bottom board, grade beam, cushion caps; And also can construct obligatory point through simple connection transformation along the fender post of outer wall of basement; Specific practice is the distribution according to the obligatory point of these objective realities, and through the ater-casting, constuction joint etc. are divided into each zonule with overlength underground engineering structure body; Each zonule is through the obligatory point or the additional obligatory point of setting up of transforming of objective reality; In conjunction with the arrangement of reinforcement of this zone underground structure, guarantee that this zone does not contain because concrete shrinks the crack that produces, and stop the transmission and the accumulation of this shrinkage strain; Fight separately, reach and guarantee that the overlength underground engineering structure does not produce the purpose of concrete shrinkage crack.
Overlength underground engineering structure body is the outer wall of basement plate, and in order to make full use of existing engineering services, fender post, capping beam, the waling beam of temporarily auxiliary usefulness can be used as motionless obligatory point during the basement excavation.When motionless obligatory point is fender post, underground external wall plate and fender post is watered build up integral body, utilize fender post to stop the generation of outer wall of basement plate shrinkage strain.The connected mode of outer wall of basement plate and fender post can be following several method:
One, chisel fender post, be implanted into dowel at fender post, the other end of dowel is connected with the interior reinforcing bar of outer wall of basement plate, builds concrete fender post, dowel, outer wall of basement plate are connected as one.
Two, chisel fender post, with the main muscle welding in dowel one end and the fender post, the other end is connected with the interior reinforcing bar of outer wall of basement plate, through concrete fender post, dowel, outer wall of basement plate is watered and builds up integral body.
Three, chisel fender post, sever the stirrup of reserving in the fender post, connect reinforcing bar in stirrup and the outer wall of basement plate, also can the stirrup two ends directly be anchored into the outer wall of basement plate, through concrete fender post, dowel, outer wall of basement plate are watered and build up integral body through dowel.
Four, between fender post, build steel bar concrete build-in piece, reinforcing bar is connected integrated poured being integral with the interior reinforcing bar of outer wall of basement plate in the build-in piece.In order to practice thrift cost, satisfying under the situation of constraint degree, the build-in piece can be as required in the horizontal direction with depth direction continuously or separation.Build-in piece and dowel also can mix arranges.
Described overlength underground engineering structure body can be basement bottom board; Basement bottom board and down protruding cushion cap, in length and breadth beam and engineering piles reinforcing bar link to each other, integrated poured; These members are the motionless obligatory point of objective reality just, stops the generation of basement bottom board shrinkage strain through these motionless obligatory points.If the constraint degree of these motionless obligatory points is not enough, also can build stub, fixed block, fixed strip as required in addition as motionless obligatory point.
The present invention is through the generation of motionless obligatory point prevention with its corresponding region concrete shrinkage strain; Reduce the stress of concrete shrinkage strain; Stop the transmission and the accumulation of shrinkage strain; Make each regional shrinkage strain can not cause cracking, the anti-crack and anti-seepage that reaches the overlength steel bar concrete underground construction of not having permanent seam leaks effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a basement braced structures sketch map of using the present invention's technology;
Fig. 2 is a basement structure sketch map of using the present invention's technology;
Fig. 3 is a kind of sketch map that uses build-in piece constraint outer wall of basement plate of the present invention;
Fig. 4 be among Fig. 3 A to shown in the sketch map of build-in piece constraint outer wall of basement plate;
Fig. 5 is the sketch map that second kind of the present invention uses build-in piece constraint outer wall of basement plate;
Fig. 6 be among Fig. 5 B to shown in the sketch map of build-in piece constraint outer wall of basement plate;
Fig. 7-the 8th, the sketch map of build-in piece two kinds of location modes between fender post among the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the sketch map of capping beam constraint outer wall of basement plate among the present invention;
Figure 10-the 13rd, the present invention is at four kinds of method sketch mapes of fender post bar planting constraint outer wall of basement plate;
Figure 14 is second kind of basement structure sketch map using the present invention's technology;
Figure 15-the 17th encloses the sketch map of figure beam, fender post, capping beam constraint outer wall of basement plate among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is applied in certain engineering shown in Fig. 1-2, and this project is the basement sandwich construction, and wherein outer wall of basement plate and basement bottom board are the super-long structural body.
Construction sequence is following:
1, the inboard construction fender post 2 of water-stop curtain is being close in construction works stake 6 and keep off native water-stop curtain 7.
2, the bottom position (if soil nature difference or surrounding enviroment can adopt soil nailing to go along with sb. to guard him excavation when not allowing to put the slope) that the slope is excavated to support 8 is put on top, and the capping beam 9 of construction fender post, monobloc cast concrete make support 8 whole with capping beam 9 formation.
3, be excavated to the bottom of lower layer support, monobloc cast waling beam 14 supports 8 with the second layer.Repeating step 3 is excavated to the number of plies that needs.
4, be excavated to the end, hole, construction basement bottom board 5, pile cap 10 and grade beam 11.Utilize the ater-casting that basement bottom board 5 is divided into several zones.
According to the constraint degree of the area size of dividing and pile cap 10, grade beam 11, confirm this zone domestic demand otherwise the quantity of moving constraint body, the zone lacking motionless obligatory point is provided with stub, also can set up fixed block, fixed strip.
The reinforcing cage of colligation basement bottom board 5, pile cap 10, grade beam 11, stub; Pile cap 10, stub, grade beam 11 are welded to connect with corresponding basement bottom board 5 zone passage reinforcing bars simultaneously; Whole watering is integral, and wherein being welded to connect of reinforcing bar meets the mechanical calculation requirement.
The construction ater-casting couples together each zone and forms overlength basement bottom board 5, and basement bottom board 5 is fixedly connected with engineering piles 6 through pile cap 10.
5, cut the 3rd layer of support 8 and waling beam 14, construct the 3rd layer of outer wall of basement plate 1 and the 3rd layer of basement roof 13.Through the ater-casting outer wall of basement plate 1 is divided into several zones; 2 constructions of fender post build-in piece 4 in each zone correspondence; Confirm the arrangement of build-in piece 4 according to the size in zone and the constraint degree of build-in piece 4 at level and depth direction; Build-in piece 4 as shown in Figure 3 is separation in the horizontal direction, and build-in piece 4 as shown in Figure 4 is in the depth direction separation, also can be shown in level and depth direction is arranged continuously as Fig. 5-6.Build-in piece 4 can also be arranged to other patterns that suits the requirements, shown in Fig. 7-8.
Build-in piece 4 is a reinforced concrete structure, and during the reinforcing cage of colligation outer wall of basement plate 1, the reinforcing bar in the build-in piece 4 welds with the reinforcing bar of corresponding region, meets the mechanics requirement.
At outer wall of basement plate 1 nearly engineering piles 6 one side formworks, with build-in piece 4 and corresponding region monobloc cast, the ater-casting of constructing then couples together each zone and forms overlength outer wall of basement plate 1 through concrete.
Simultaneously space between fender post is tamped with clay 12 or plain concrete.
Repeating step 5 cuts first and second layer support and waling beam, construction outer wall of basement plate and basement roof.
Construction outer wall of basement plate is during to capping beam, and capping beam can be used as motionless obligatory point, whenever as required implants dowel at a distance from certain distance and connects the outer wall of basement plate, and is integrated poured, as shown in Figure 9.
In step 5, can replace at 2 constructions of fender post build-in piece 4 through be implanted into dowel 3 at fender post 2, shown in figure 10, chisel fender post 2, dowel 3 one ends to be implanted in the fender post 2, the other end is connected with the interior reinforcing bar of the outer wall of basement plate of corresponding region; Shown in figure 11, chisel fender post 2, with dowel that connects outer wall of basement plate 13 and main muscle welding; Shown in figure 12, chisel fender post 2, the stirrup of reserving in the fender post one end perhaps is connected through dowel 3 with the 1 interior reinforcing bar welding of outer wall of basement plate; Shown in figure 13, build build-in piece and the method constraint outer wall of basement plate of implanting dowel through the space.Above method all is through concrete fender post 2, outer wall of basement plate 1, dowel 3 or stirrup to be watered to build up integral body at last; Certain difference according to constraint degree; Can implant dowel 3 continuously or at interval in level and depth direction as required; At last space between fender post is tamped with clay 12 or plain concrete, make fender post become a big motionless obligatory point.
When the outer wall of basement plate 1 of 2 of two fender posts produces shrinkage strain; The dowel 3 that links to each other with two fender posts 2 can retrain the shrinkage strain of concrete separately; Make the outer wall of basement plate 1 of 2 of fender posts can not shrinkage cracking; The outer wall of basement plate that while two dowels are 3 is because length is short, and the shrinkage strain of concrete is little can not to produce shrinkage cracking, thereby the anti-crack and anti-seepage of outdoor wallboard leaks effect under reaching entirely.
In step 5, can use another kind of method construction outer wall of basement plate, shown in figure 14, cut and support 8, be close to waling beam 14 construction outer wall of basement plates 1.Waling beam 14 as motionless obligatory point, is implanted dowel 3 at a certain distance and connected outer wall of basement plate 1, integrated poured waling beam 14 and outer wall of basement plate 1, shown in figure 15.The place that waling beam 14 lacks, in order to retrain the outer wall of basement plate, can be with fender post 2 as motionless obligatory point, shown in figure 16.Capping beam 9 is implanted dowel 3 at a certain distance and connected outer wall of basement plates 1 during as motionless obligatory point, and is shown in figure 17.
When basement is single layer structure; The motionless obligatory point of constraint outer wall of basement plate can be fender post and capping beam; Used constrained procedure can adopt aforesaid build build-in piece and bar planting; Build-in piece and dowel are arranged in level and depth direction as required, also can be adopted other to meet the method for technical requirements of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an overlength steel bar concrete underground construction utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method, it is characterized in that:
Stage of construction is following:
1), utilize conventional underground construction technology construction ater-casting or constuction joint that overlength underground engineering structure body is divided into several zonules;
2), according to objective reality in each zonule or confirm the quantity of this motionless obligatory point in zone through the constraint degree size of the motionless obligatory point transformed, guarantee that this zone can shrinkage cracking;
3), set up motionless obligatory point in the zonule of motionless obligatory point lacking or do not have;
4), in the construction of each zonule, underground construction watered with the motionless obligatory point that is positioned at this zone builds up integral body;
5), ater-casting or the constuction joint that each is interregional build with the expansion concrete, makes each zone be linked to be integral body, accomplishes overlength underground engineering structure body.
2. overlength steel bar concrete underground construction according to claim 1 utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method; It is characterized in that: described motionless obligatory point is a reinforced concrete structure; In the step 4, the connector of reinforcing bar makes a concerted effort to learn calculation requirement in interior reinforcing bar of motionless obligatory point and the corresponding region.
3. overlength steel bar concrete underground construction according to claim 1 utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method; It is characterized in that: described overlength underground engineering structure body is outer wall of basement plate (1), and described motionless obligatory point is underground fender post (2) of going along with sb. to guard him in the engineering.
4. overlength steel bar concrete underground construction according to claim 3 utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method; It is characterized in that: in the step 4; Connect fender post (2) and outer wall of basement plate (1) through dowel (3), build concrete fender post (2), dowel (3), outer wall of basement plate (1) are become one.
5. overlength steel bar concrete underground construction according to claim 3 utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method; It is characterized in that: between fender post (2), build the steel bar concrete build-in piece (4) that connects fender post (2) and outer wall of basement plate (1), the reinforcing bar in the build-in piece (4) links to each other with the interior reinforcing bar of outer wall of basement plate (1).
6. overlength steel bar concrete underground construction according to claim 1 utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method; It is characterized in that: described overlength underground engineering structure body is basement bottom board (5), and described motionless obligatory point is the engineering component in the underground construction process.
7. overlength steel bar concrete underground construction according to claim 6 utilizes the nothing of obligatory point forever to stitch design and construction method; It is characterized in that: in the step 4; The reinforcing cage of basement bottom board (5) is connected with motionless obligatory point through reinforcing bar, builds concrete basement bottom board (5) and motionless obligatory point are connected as one.
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| CN2012102134891A CN102720215A (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2012-06-21 | Permanent-joint-free overlength reinforced concrete underground engineering design and building method utilizing restraining bodies |
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| CN2012102134891A CN102720215A (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2012-06-21 | Permanent-joint-free overlength reinforced concrete underground engineering design and building method utilizing restraining bodies |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |