CN214464166U - Deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction - Google Patents
Deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN214464166U CN214464166U CN202120568216.3U CN202120568216U CN214464166U CN 214464166 U CN214464166 U CN 214464166U CN 202120568216 U CN202120568216 U CN 202120568216U CN 214464166 U CN214464166 U CN 214464166U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction, including mid-board, steel column, corrugated steel support, concrete stiffening ring and high polymer slip casting, corrugated steel support whole be vertical cylindric structure, its quantity is a plurality of, a plurality of corrugated steel support coaxial and vertical interval set up, be equipped with the concrete stiffening ring between adjacent corrugated steel support, the concrete stiffening ring is coaxial with the corrugated steel support, the vertical setting of mid-board in a plurality of corrugated steel support inside intermediate position, the both ends are equipped with a vertical steel stand respectively about the mid-board and link firmly with the steel ring roof beam through the steel stand; the high-molecular polymer grouting layer is arranged between the corrugated steel support and the surrounding rock of the shaft wall of the vertical shaft. The utility model discloses can in time seal the cyclization, construction convenience can seal country rock and slip casting fast on complicated country rock section, and the containment country rock collapses, warp, has higher security, ageing and economic nature.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of underground space country rock is strutted, especially the supporting technology of ventilation shaft, specifically is a deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction.
Background
In the process of deep underground tunnel construction and operation, a vertical shaft with a large diameter needs to be vertically excavated downwards from the ground surface to perform functions of personnel entering and exiting, tunnel ventilation and the like, and plays an important role in the construction period and the operation period. If the vertical shaft adopts the positive shaft method construction, the operation can be simultaneously carried out on two ends of the tunnel, the problems of ventilation in the main hole and the advance through of key lines can be solved, and the overall construction progress of the project is accelerated. According to the requirements of relevant design specifications, the diameter of the vertical shaft can reach 6-8 m generally. In the traditional shaft design, the primary support of the shaft generally adopts a hollow anchor rod, sprayed concrete, a reinforcing mesh and a steel arch rigid support; the waterproof layer adopts geotextile and anti-sticking type macromolecule self-adhesive film waterproof coiled material; the second lining adopts waterproof reinforced concrete lining. Different support strengths are designed according to different surrounding rock grades. And (4) performing primary support after the tunnel is excavated so as to control the deformation of the surrounding rock, wherein the reserved deformation is determined according to the field monitoring result. However, in areas with complex geological conditions, particularly in areas with severe weathering degree of surrounding rocks, development of joint cracks, relatively broken rock masses and areas with strong water-rich rock masses, if water gushes in wells during excavation, great difficulty is brought to construction. In addition, the surrounding rock belongs to soft rock, is unstable and fast in change, is easy to soften and collapse when meeting water, is easy to generate large deformation, and is another difficult problem in the construction of the vertical shaft. Aiming at conditions of a water-rich area and a geological complex section, the initial strength formed by adopting the traditional anchor-spraying support is slow, the construction difficulty is improved, and the potential safety hazard is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the background technology, the utility model aims at providing a deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure, which is based on the design concept of safety, green, economy and wisdom, and forms an internal structure by alternately combining a corrugated plate and a steel waist beam and adding an inner support, and externally combines a high polymer material to form a composite supporting structure, so that the deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure can be quickly supported in time at the unfavorable geological section of surrounding rock, thereby ensuring the construction safety and reducing the adverse effect caused by unstable surrounding rock to the maximum extent; this supporting construction can in time seal the cyclization, and construction convenience can seal the country rock fast and slip casting on complicated country rock section, and the containment country rock collapses, warp, treats that the condition possesses in time to apply and does the mould concrete lining, can exert the overall stability of strutting the system better.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a ventilation shaft supporting structure of a deep underground tunnel comprises a mid-board, a steel upright post, a corrugated steel support, a concrete reinforcing ring and a high polymer grouting layer, wherein the corrugated steel support is integrally of a vertical cylindrical structure and is formed by combining a plurality of arc-shaped corrugated steel plates, the corrugated steel support is anchored on surrounding rocks of a shaft wall of the shaft through a hollow grouting anchor rod, and steel ring beams are arranged on the inner wall surface of the corrugated steel support at intervals and used for increasing the strength of the corrugated steel support; the corrugated steel supports are arranged coaxially and vertically at intervals, a concrete reinforcing ring is arranged between the adjacent corrugated steel supports, the concrete reinforcing ring is coaxial with the corrugated steel supports, the inner diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring is smaller than or equal to that of the corrugated steel supports, and the maximum outer diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring is larger than that of the corrugated steel supports; the middle partition wall is vertically arranged in the middle of the interior of the corrugated steel supports, and the left end and the right end of the middle partition wall are respectively provided with a vertical steel stand column and fixedly connected with the steel ring beam through the steel stand columns; the high-molecular polymer grouting layer is arranged between the corrugated steel support and the surrounding rock of the shaft wall of the vertical shaft.
The corrugated steel support is internally provided with a vertical drain pipe, the outside of the corrugated steel support is provided with a circumferential drain pipe, the circumferential drain pipe is communicated with the vertical drain pipe, and the outside of the circumferential drain pipe is communicated with a plurality of transverse drain pipes for leading water in the water-rich layer of the surrounding rock of the vertical shaft into the vertical drain pipe; the corrugated steel support is provided with a through hole, a connecting pipe is arranged in the through hole, and the connecting pipe is used for communicating the vertical drain pipe and the annular drain pipe.
The annular drain pipe is a corrugated pipe.
The mid-board constitute by partition wall unit and a plurality of stull that the interval set up in proper order from the top down, the equal level of a plurality of stulls sets up, the both ends of every stull correspond respectively and connect a steel stand, all be equipped with the partition wall unit between the adjacent stull, the whole rectangular panel structure that is of partition wall unit, it is assembled by a plurality of straight platelike buckled plates and forms, a stull is connected respectively at both ends about every partition wall unit, controls both ends and connects a steel stand respectively.
And two ends of the cross brace are respectively provided with a connecting plate which is fixedly integrated and fixedly connected with the steel upright post through the connecting plate.
The whole rectangular plate structure that is of arc corrugated steel plate, its length direction has the radian, its width direction is on a parallel with the axis of shaft, arc corrugated steel plate length direction's both ends all are equipped with the hoop flange board and link firmly through hoop flange board and adjacent arc corrugated steel plate, its width direction's both ends all are equipped with vertical flange board and link firmly through vertical flange board and adjacent arc corrugated steel plate.
The inner diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring is less than or equal to that of the steel ring beam.
The steel ring beam is formed by rolling square tube steel; the steel upright post (5) is formed by butting multiple sections of square tube steel.
And grouting holes are formed in the wall surface of the corrugated steel support and are used for installing grouting hole pipes and valves.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the support and the middle partition wall of the utility model are assembled by corrugated plates, which is convenient for modular assembly, the construction convenience and the timeliness are more obvious, and the construction period can be saved by about 80 percent compared with the reinforced concrete; the self weight of the corrugated plate assembly structure is small, the deformation of the arch top of the secondary lining is far smaller than a limit value, and the flat guide result is in a stable state; the maximum ventilation resistance coefficient of the corrugated plate assembled structure is 0.333, which is far less than the ventilation resistance coefficient of 0.691 of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete scheme, thus being beneficial to ventilation organization;
(2) the high molecular polymer grouting layer is flexible protection, when the high molecular polymer grouting layer is filled in a gap between a corrugated plate and surrounding rock, the high molecular polymer grouting layer can prevent water and block water, and has the functions of buffering and absorbing energy when the pressure of the surrounding rock is transmitted to a supporting structure;
(3) the treatment of underground water around vertical shaft surrounding rocks adopts a waterproof system combining blocking and drainage, wherein the water blocking is realized by utilizing the impermeability of high molecular polymers and densely filling the high molecular polymer materials; the drainage is designed into a drainage diversion system, and water seepage and stranded water in surrounding rocks behind the wall of the supporting structure are evacuated through the vertical drainage pipes, so that the water pressure behind the wall of the supporting structure is effectively reduced;
(4) the concrete reinforcing rings improve the overall stability of the supporting structure on one hand, and bear the weight of the upper steel structure as a bottom support on the other hand, so that the overall structure is stable, and in addition, the distance between the concrete reinforcing rings can be dynamically designed according to the surrounding rock condition of the vertical shaft, so that a water-rich layer is avoided;
(5) the supporting structure is completely suitable for the positive well method process, can completely adopt an assembled steel structure, meets the positive well method process by material size, construction process, equipment and the like, and has greater advantages compared with the traditional reinforced concrete structure which needs the procedures of pumping concrete, binding reinforcing steel bars, supporting a formwork (the formwork is larger), maintaining and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view not including an intermediate wall and a drain line;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view including an intermediate wall;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the back of an arc-shaped deck plate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic connection diagram of the cross brace, the steel upright post and the steel ring beam;
fig. 6 is a schematic connection diagram of the corrugated steel support and the steel ring beam.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a corrugated steel support, 101, arc corrugated steel plates, 102, through holes, 111, circumferential flange plates, 112 and longitudinal flange plates; 2. a hollow grouting anchor rod; 3. a steel ring beam; 5. a steel upright post; 6. a concrete reinforcing ring; 7. a high molecular polymer grouting layer; 8. surrounding rock of a shaft wall of the vertical shaft; 9. a vertical water drainage pipe; 10. a circular water drainage pipe; 11. a transverse drain pipe; 12. a partition wall unit; 13. a cross brace; 15. and (4) grouting holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments, of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure comprises an intermediate wall, a steel column 5, a corrugated steel support 1, a concrete reinforcing ring 6 and a high polymer grouting layer 7, wherein the corrugated steel support 1 is integrally of a vertical cylindrical structure and is formed by combining a plurality of arc-shaped corrugated steel plates 101, the arc-shaped corrugated steel plates 101 are integrally of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, the length direction of the arc-shaped corrugated steel plates has a radian, the width direction of the arc-shaped corrugated steel plates is parallel to the axis of a shaft, two ends of the arc-shaped corrugated steel plates 101 in the length direction are respectively provided with a circumferential flange plate 111 and are fixedly connected with the adjacent arc-shaped corrugated steel plates 101 through the circumferential flange plates 111, and two ends of the arc-shaped corrugated steel plates 101 in the width direction are respectively provided with a longitudinal flange plate 112 and are fixedly connected with the adjacent arc-shaped corrugated steel plates 101 through the longitudinal flange plates 112; the corrugated steel support 1 is anchored on a vertical shaft well wall surrounding rock 8 through a hollow grouting anchor rod 2, steel ring beams 3 are arranged on the inner wall surface of the corrugated steel support 1 at intervals, and the steel ring beams 3 are formed by rolling square tube steel and are used for increasing the strength of the corrugated steel support 1; the wall surface of the corrugated steel support 1 is internally provided with a grouting hole 15 for installing a grouting hole pipe and a valve; the corrugated steel supports 1 are multiple in number, the corrugated steel supports 1 are coaxial and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, a concrete reinforcing ring 6 is arranged between the adjacent corrugated steel supports 1, the concrete reinforcing ring 6 is coaxial with the corrugated steel supports 1, the inner diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the corrugated steel supports 1, and the maximum outer diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring is larger than the outer diameter of the corrugated steel supports 1; the middle partition wall is vertically arranged in the middle of the interiors of the corrugated steel supports 1, the left end and the right end of the middle partition wall are respectively provided with a vertical steel upright 5 and are fixedly connected with the steel ring beam 3 through the steel upright 5, and the steel upright 5 is formed by butting a plurality of sections of square tube steel; and the high-molecular polymer grouting layer 7 is arranged between the corrugated steel support 1 and the vertical shaft wall surrounding rock 8.
The corrugated steel support 1 is internally provided with a vertical drain pipe 9, the outside of the corrugated steel support is provided with an annular drain pipe 10, the annular drain pipe 10 is a corrugated pipe, the annular drain pipe 10 is communicated with the vertical drain pipe 9, and the outer side of the annular drain pipe 10 is communicated with a plurality of transverse drain pipes for leading water in a water-rich layer of surrounding rocks of the vertical shaft into the vertical drain pipe 9; the corrugated steel support 1 is provided with a through hole, a connecting pipe is arranged in the through hole, and the connecting pipe is used for communicating the vertical drain pipe 9 and the annular drain pipe 10.
The mid-board constitute by partition wall unit 12 and a plurality of stull 13 that the interval set up in proper order from the top down, the equal level setting of a plurality of stulls 13, steel stand 5 is connected to corresponding respectively in the both ends of every stull 13, all is equipped with partition wall unit 12 between the adjacent stull 13, partition wall unit 12 whole be rectangular panel structure, it is assembled by a plurality of straight platelike buckled plates and forms, a stull 13 is connected respectively at both ends about every partition wall unit 12, control both ends and connect a steel stand 5 respectively. And two ends of the cross brace are respectively provided with a connecting plate which is fixedly integrated and fixedly connected with the steel upright post through the connecting plate.
The inner diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring 6 is less than or equal to that of the steel ring beam 3.
Specifically, the corrugated steel support 1, the intermediate wall, the steel ring beam 3 and the steel upright post 5 are all of prefabricated assembled structures; the method comprises the following steps of constructing by adopting a well erecting method, when a vertical well is excavated to a certain depth, splicing corrugated steel supports 1 by adopting semi-rings outside a hole, arranging a longitudinal flange plate 112 on the long side of each arc-shaped corrugated steel plate 101, arranging a circumferential flange 111 on the short side, manufacturing the flange by adopting a steel plate with the thickness of 5mm and the width of 140mm, waterproofing the flanges by adopting rubber water stop strips, connecting the flanges by using high-strength bolts, splicing the semi-ring-spliced corrugated steel supports 1 into a whole ring, placing the whole ring in the vertical well, connecting a steel ring beam 3, a cross brace 13 and a section of steel upright post 5 to the corrugated steel supports 1, forming a steel structure framework which is arranged at intervals in length and breadth with the corrugated steel supports 1, and playing the role of a main stress component; after assembling and closing to form a ring, a hollow grouting anchor rod 2 is arranged according to a reserved anchor hole on a corrugated steel support 1 and connected with a vertical shaft well wall surrounding rock 8, the hollow grouting anchor rod 2 and an arc-shaped corrugated steel plate 101 are sealed by adopting a gasket welding method, and in addition, a grouting hole pipe and a valve are arranged in a grouting hole 15; after the corrugated steel support 1 is assembled and laid, the lower end of the corrugated steel support is circumferentially sealed by adopting mortar to form a cylinder with a closed lower end, then the wall is filled with high polymer materials, and the wall is filled with the high polymer materials.
Specifically, according to the grade of surrounding rocks and the water-rich condition, one concrete reinforcing ring 6 is arranged every 10-30 m in the vertical direction, and the concrete reinforcing ring 6 improves the overall stability of the steel structure support on one hand and is used as a bottom support to bear the weight of an upper steel structure on the other hand; the pitch setting of the concrete reinforcement rings 6 is referred to as follows: the distance between the V-grade surrounding rock concrete reinforcing rings is 10m, the distance between the IV-grade surrounding rock concrete reinforcing rings is 15m, and the distance between the III-grade surrounding rock concrete reinforcing rings is 30 m.
Use the utility model provides a supporting construction cooperation positive well method construction, if adopt the shift operation of rolling, the tunnelling section height is when 3.0m, cross shift 0.5h, three brill 6h of drilling, the powder charge is blown off 2h, cross shift 0.5h, slag tap, flat 6h, cross shift 0.5h, buckled plate installation 6h, high polymer slip casting 2h, slag tap, clear end 0.5h, total 24h, therefore, advance 3.0m per cycle, buckled plate installation 3.0m, tunnelling construction 25 days per month, reserve 5 days time extension pipeline and overhaul the influence, according to effective construction 25 days per month, the progress can reach 75 m/month. The actual installation efficiency is more than three times of that of the traditional preliminary support of the vertical shaft.
In addition, the traditional shaft primary support adopts geotextile, waterproof board, non-woven fabric and water conduit for waterproof and drainage design; the utility model discloses it is waterproof to have cancelled geotechnological cloth and waterproof board, directly adopts flexible high polymer layer waterproof behind the corrugated steel wall, and not only the construction progress is fast, has special hydrophobic pipeline to the design still of country rock rich water layer, and water-proof effects is obviously better than traditional preliminary bracing technology.
The utility model has the advantages that still lie in:
(1) the corrugated steel support is quickly installed in the hole due to the fact that the hole is assembled outside the corrugated steel support, an effective support structure can be formed in time, and local collapse caused by water seepage and surrounding rock breakage is avoided. The corrugated steel support is fixed with surrounding rocks by adopting an anchor rod, and is basically not influenced by blasting in the subsequent excavation process, so that the continuity of construction and the safety of personnel are greatly ensured.
(2) The method has the advantages that the timeliness is realized, each ring of the corrugated steel support can reach the width of 1.5-2 m, the corrugated steel support is placed to the bottom of an excavated shaft by hoisting equipment and then is assembled into a ring, the measures are fast and convenient to implement, the construction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the construction period is shortened.
(3) And the corrugated steel support is adopted, the expenses of I-steel, reinforcing mesh, sprayed concrete and the like of conventional primary support can be saved, and the secondary lining is optimized, so that the corrugated steel primary support has obvious comprehensive economic advantages.
The part of the utility model not detailed is prior art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction, includes mid-board, steel stand (5), corrugated steel support (1), concrete strengthening ring (6) and high-molecular polymer slip casting (7), characterized by: the corrugated steel support (1) is integrally of a vertical cylindrical structure and is formed by combining a plurality of arc-shaped corrugated steel plates (101), the corrugated steel support (1) is anchored on a vertical shaft well wall surrounding rock (8) through a hollow grouting anchor rod (2), and steel ring beams (3) are arranged on the inner wall surface of the corrugated steel support (1) at intervals and used for increasing the strength of the corrugated steel support (1); the corrugated steel supports (1) are multiple in number, the corrugated steel supports (1) are coaxial and are arranged at intervals vertically, a concrete reinforcing ring (6) is arranged between the adjacent corrugated steel supports (1), the concrete reinforcing ring (6) is coaxial with the corrugated steel supports (1), the inner diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the corrugated steel supports (1), and the maximum outer diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring is larger than the outer diameter of the corrugated steel supports (1); the middle partition wall is vertically arranged in the middle of the interiors of the corrugated steel supports (1), and the left end and the right end of the middle partition wall are respectively provided with a vertical steel upright post (5) and fixedly connected with the steel ring beam (3) through the steel upright posts (5); the high polymer grouting layer (7) is arranged between the corrugated steel support (1) and the surrounding rock (8) of the vertical shaft well wall.
2. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 1, wherein: the corrugated steel support (1) is internally provided with a vertical drain pipe (9), the outside of the corrugated steel support is provided with a circumferential drain pipe (10), the circumferential drain pipe (10) is communicated with the vertical drain pipe (9), and the outer side of the circumferential drain pipe (10) is communicated with a plurality of transverse drain pipes (11) for leading water in a water-rich layer of the surrounding rock of the vertical shaft into the vertical drain pipe (9); the corrugated steel support (1) is provided with a through hole (102), a connecting pipe is arranged in the through hole (102), and the connecting pipe is used for communicating the vertical drain pipe (9) with the annular drain pipe (10).
3. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 2, wherein: the annular drainage pipe (10) is a corrugated pipe.
4. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 1, wherein: the mid-board constitute by stull (13) that partition wall unit (12) and a plurality of intervals set up from the top down in proper order, the equal level setting of a plurality of stulls (13), the both ends of every stull (13) correspond respectively and connect a steel stand (5), all be equipped with partition wall unit (12) between adjacent stull (13), partition wall unit (12) whole be rectangular panel structure, it is assembled by a plurality of straight platelike buckled plates and forms, both ends connect respectively stull (13) about every partition wall unit (12), control both ends and connect respectively a steel stand (5).
5. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 4, wherein: and two ends of the cross brace (13) are respectively provided with a connecting plate which is fixedly integrated and fixedly connected with the steel upright post (5) through the connecting plate.
6. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 1, wherein: arc corrugated steel plate (101) wholly be rectangle platelike structure, its length direction has the radian, its width direction is on a parallel with the axis of shaft, arc corrugated steel plate (101) length direction's both ends all are equipped with hoop flange board (111) and link firmly with adjacent arc corrugated steel plate (101) through hoop flange board (111), its width direction's both ends all are equipped with vertical flange board (112) and link firmly with adjacent arc corrugated steel plate (101) through vertical flange board (112).
7. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the concrete reinforcing ring (6) is less than or equal to that of the steel ring beam (3).
8. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 1, wherein: the steel ring beam (3) is formed by rolling square tube steel; the steel upright post (5) is formed by butting multiple sections of square tube steel.
9. The deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting structure of claim 1, wherein: and grouting holes (15) are formed in the wall surface of the corrugated steel support (1) and used for installing grouting hole pipes and valves.
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| CN202120568216.3U CN214464166U (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction |
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| CN202120568216.3U CN214464166U (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112796763A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-05-14 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction |
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2021
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112796763A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-05-14 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Deep underground tunnel ventilation shaft supporting construction |
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