CN102717135B - Automatic spiral hole milling device and method - Google Patents

Automatic spiral hole milling device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102717135B
CN102717135B CN201210196101.1A CN201210196101A CN102717135B CN 102717135 B CN102717135 B CN 102717135B CN 201210196101 A CN201210196101 A CN 201210196101A CN 102717135 B CN102717135 B CN 102717135B
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China
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housing
revolution
rotation
cutter
end cap
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CN102717135A (en
Inventor
单以才
李一民
章婷
舒平生
聂睿瑞
任长春
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Jingjiang Huahong Machinery Co ltd
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Nanjing College of Information Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic spiral hole milling device and a method used for a large workpiece multihole system. The automatic spiral hole milling device comprises an L-shaped support as well as a revolution radius regulating mechanism, a tool rotation speed regulating mechanism and a spiral feeding mechanism which are arranged on the support. The automatic spiral hole milling device disclosed by the invention can be taken as a handheld spiral hole making tool and also can be taken as a terminal executing unit of a robot automatic hole making system, and processing quality and efficiency of the large workpiece multihole system can be greatly improved.

Description

Automatic helical-milling device and method
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of automatic helical-milling device for large-scale workpiece porous series and method, belong to flexible Machining Technology for Cutting field.
Background technology
Along with domestic secondary-line-aircraft ARJ21 successfully goes into operation and constantly propelling of bus C919 development, how to improve the quality of large-scale skeleton assembling drilling and the study hotspot that efficiency becomes the complete machine general assembly stage.Robotize automatic punching system is the Developing mainstream of large-scale, the intelligent drilling of ultra-large workpiece of aircraft from now on.But such punching system adopts traditional drilling technique due to more, and while causing drilling, axial force is excessive, is only applicable at present the processing occasion of small-bore, and bore process often needs to adopt multiple tracks clustered operation, and a large amount of tool changing links need to be set.In order to meet the difficult-to-machine material such as large aperture drilling requirement, especially titanium alloy, carbon fibre reinforced composite material, high strength aerolite of different aeronautical materials, in the urgent need to developing some towards the new and effective accurate punching device of large-scale workpiece.
Helical milling, also referred to as rail mounted hole milling, be one with milling mode the new technology to the direct drilling of entity workpiece, it is not the simple combination of drilling and two kinds of processing methods of milling, but utilizes the three-dimensional spiral feeding of the relative workpiece of cutter to complete the processing in hole.During drilling, cutter is treated the biasing of drilling axis mutually, makes this technology have the function that a cutter is processed multiple aperture, can make hole at aspects such as positional precision, form accuracy, surface roughnesses, reach the instructions for use of regulation by less operation simultaneously.Therefore, the robotize punching system based on helical milling technology has broad application prospects in the large-scale workpiece high-efficiency and precision drilling in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, shipbuilding.So far, in succession there are some punching device patent reports based on helical milling technology in aviation field both at home and abroad.
As, United States Patent (USP) PCT/SE2008/050719, US2003/0143049, PCT/SE03/00467 disclose several helical milling devices, and these devices all comprise cutter revolution radius regulating system, cutter self-rotating system, cutter revolution system, cutter axial feeding system.Four subsystems are all taked independent control, make whole device integrated level not high, cause overall mass to be laid particular stress on, and this is very high to the performance requirement of supporting with it workbench, especially joint type manipulator.
And for example, the disclosed a kind of automatic spiral hole-milling unit of Chinese patent CN101633060A, this hole milling unit mainly comprises by cutter self-rotating system, radial deflection system, revolution system three parts, but this spiral hole-milling unit is because lacking axial feeding system, makes its engineering application be subject to certain limitation.
For another example, the disclosed a kind of milling device of Chinese patent CN101664821A, this device has revolution radius regulatory function, but the size of revolution radius is because being subject to the restriction of travelling gear size, make the difficult processing of part small-bore to complete, and its axial feeding system does not provide the relevant detailed case of implementing.
In addition, Chinese patent CN101786180A, CN102145405 A disclose two kinds of helical milling devices, and these two kinds of helical milling devices do not possess revolution radius automatic regulation function, thereby make the working (machining) efficiency in hole be subject to certain influence.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be existing helical milling device design exist automaticity not high, form complex structure, complete machine weight is bigger than normal.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of automatic helical-milling device for large-scale workpiece porous series, comprise L-type sectional shelf-unit, be arranged on the screwfeed mechanism on sectional shelf-unit, and be loaded on the in-house revolution radius governor motion of screwfeed, cutter rotation speed adjusting gear; Sectional shelf-unit: comprise the base plate of horizontal direction, the backboard of vertical direction; Screwfeed mechanism: comprise axial feed housing, screw mandrel, support tube, and the axial slider that is positioned at support tube; Slided and be connected with sectional shelf-unit base plate upper rail by slide block in the bottom of axial feed housing; Support tube is positioned at the rear portion of backboard, is provided with vertically gib block on its inwall, between the lateral surface of gib block and axial slider, so that slide rail is secondary, is connected; Axial feed driver output axle is provided with driving gear, and the driven gear being meshed with driving gear is socketed in the input of screw mandrel; Screw mandrel runs through after the combination bearing that is loaded on axial slider upper bearing (metal) one, backboard and transition end cap one from back to front successively, and its output inserts transition end cap two endoporus; The axial feed housing being connected with transition end cap one is connected with revolution housing by the bearing of two ends endoporus, and axial feed housing revolution housing small end is provided with an eccentric inner hole; Revolution radius governor motion: comprise that the supports end cap being connected with hole end surface in revolution housing, the revolution radius being loaded in supports end cap regulate driving, and the pinion of interior engagement and gear wheel; Revolution radius regulates driver output axle to connect pinion, and gear wheel connects cutter rotation speed adjusting gear; Supports end cap is also provided with an eccentric inner hole; Cutter rotation speed adjusting gear: the rotation that comprise rotation housing, rotation housing end plug, knife bar, cutter, is arranged in rotation housing drives; Rotation housing is installed in the eccentric orfice of revolution housing, its with eccentric orfice inwall between be also provided with connection bearing one, its input passes bearing two, and is socketed with aforementioned gear wheel; Rotation drives and is loaded in the eccentric orfice of rotation housing end plug, and its output shaft connects knife bar; Knife bar front end is equipped with cutter, adopts nut to clamp.
For improving the support effect of sectional shelf-unit, support also comprises the stiffener of two right angled triangles, and two right-angle sides of stiffener are fitted and connected respectively base plate and backboard.
For rotatablely moving of screw mandrel of assurance can be realized the screwfeed of cutter, above-mentioned screw mandrel adopts spline joints with the transition end cap two of revolution housing, and axially also tight with stop nut, and the combination bearing interference of the transition end cap one of screw mandrel and axial feed housing simultaneously matches.
For guaranteeing that milling device possesses multiple drilling function, after revolution housing and supports end cap assembling, both eccentric orfices are coaxial; The offset equal and opposite in direction of the eccentric inner hole of revolution housing and rotation housing end plug, and both are partial on the contrary while being positioned at original state, thus realize: and when the radius that revolves round the sun is while being zero, drilling mode is conventional borehole; When revolution radius is not equal to zero, drilling mode is helical milling.
As a modification of the present invention scheme, rotation drives and adopts air motor or electric main shaft.
A method for helically milling hole that adopts described automatic helical-milling device to realize, comprises following process:
A) before helical milling, according to treating aperture and tool diameter, revolution radius regulates the pinion and the gear wheel that drive by interior engagement to drive rotation housing to be rotated around the axial line of feeding revolution housing eccentric orfice, thereby realizes the adjustment of cutter revolution radius;
B) during helical milling, axial feed drives by the driving gear of interior engagement and driven gear and drives screw mandrel to produce rotation, under the common constraint of combination bearing, leading screw output spline joint portion and guideway, the output of screw mandrel, when driving screwfeed mechanism, cutter rotation speed adjusting gear and revolution radius governor motion to complete to move forward and backward, is also with cutter rotation speed adjusting gear and revolution radius governor motion to revolve round the sun; Rotation drives and regulates the rotational velocity of controlling cutter, finally completes helical milling.
The present invention has following effect: 1, the adjustment of cutter revolution radius takes drive unit automatically to control, and has both realized the function of a cutter porous, and the degree of regulation of the radius that also makes to revolve round the sun obtains fine assurance, and this has improved the effect and quality of drilling greatly; 2, by a multi-functional screw mandrel and a drive unit, realize cutter screwfeed, the composition that simplifies the structure, has reduced complete machine weight; 3, the kind of drive all adopts interior meshed gears assembly, has guaranteed the driving force of device, has dwindled the radial dimension of device; 4, between each moving component of device, all adopt precision bearing or high accuracy line slideway auxiliary to carry out interworking connection, can effectively guarantee the machining accuracy of helical milling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of automatic helical-milling device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of automatic helical-milling device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 top view.
Label title in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3:
100, screwfeed mechanism, 101, support tube, 102, axial feed drives, 103, axial slider, 104, driving gear 105, driven gear, 106, bearing one, 107, bearing (ball) cover one, 108, screw mandrel, 109, combination bearing end cap, 110, transition end cap one, 111, combination bearing, 112, stop nut, 114, bearing two, 115, transition end cap two, 116, revolution housing, 117, axial feed housing, 118, slide block, 119, bearing five, 120, bearing (ball) cover five, 121, gib block;
200, revolution radius governor motion, 201, supports end cap, 202, revolution regulates and drive, 203, pinion, 204, gear wheel, 205, bearing three, 206, bearing (ball) cover three, 207, bearing four;
300, cutter rotation speed adjusting gear, 301, rotation drives, 302, rotation housing, 303, rotation housing end plug, 304, screw, 305, knife bar, 306, nut, 307, cutter;
400, sectional shelf-unit, 401, base plate, 402, backboard, 403, stiffener, 404, slide rail.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment, auto spiral punching device of the present invention and method are described in detail.
Fig. 1 and Figure 2 shows that a kind of automatic helical-milling device for large-scale workpiece porous series disclosed by the invention, this device mainly comprise L-type sectional shelf-unit 400, be arranged on the screwfeed mechanism 100 on sectional shelf-unit 400, and the revolution radius governor motion 200, the cutter rotation speed adjusting gear 300 that are loaded on screwfeed mechanism 100 inside;
Sectional shelf-unit 400 comprises the base plate 401 of horizontal direction, the stiffener 403 of the backboard of vertical direction 402, two right angled triangles, and two right-angle sides of stiffener 403 are fitted and connected respectively base plate 401 and backboard 402, and are arranged on the axial both sides of support 400;
Screwfeed mechanism 100 comprises axial feed housing 117, support tube 101, and the axial slider 103 and the screw mandrel 108 that are positioned at support tube 101; Support tube 101 is arranged on the rear portion of backboard 402; Axial slider 103 lateral surfaces are connected so that slide rail is secondary with gib block 121 on support tube 101 inner hole walls, and its end face is equipped with axial feed and drives 102; Axial feed drives driving gear 104, the input of driven gear 105 connection wire rods 108 that are meshed with driving gear 104 is housed on 102 output shafts; Screw mandrel 108 runs through successively from back to front and is loaded on after the screwed hole of axial slider upper bearing (metal) 1, backboard 402 and the combination bearing 108 of transition end cap 1, and its output inserts transition end cap 2 115 splined holes, and with stop nut 112 axially and tightly; The axial feed housing 117 being connected with transition end cap 1 is connected with revolution housing 116 by the bearing 114/119 of two ends endoporus, is slided and be connected with sectional shelf-unit 400 base plate upper rails 404 by slide block 118 in axial feed housing 117 bottoms; Revolution housing 116 small ends are provided with an eccentric inner hole;
Revolution radius governor motion 200: comprise that the supports end cap 201 being connected with the interior hole end surface of revolution housing 116, the revolution radius being loaded in supports end cap 201 regulate driving 202, and the pinion 203 of interior engagement and gear wheel 204; Revolution radius regulates and drives 202 output shafts to connect pinion 203, and gear wheel 204 connects cutter rotation speed adjusting gear 300; Supports end cap 201 is also provided with an eccentric inner hole.
Cutter rotation speed adjusting gear 300: the rotation that comprise rotation housing 302, rotation housing end plug 303, knife bar 305, cutter 307, is arranged in rotation housing 302 drives 301; Rotation housing 302 is installed in the eccentric orfice of revolution housing 116, its with eccentric orfice inwall between be also provided with connection bearing 1, its input passes bearing 2 205, and is socketed with aforementioned gear wheel 204; Rotation drives 301 to be loaded in the eccentric orfice of rotation housing end plug 303, and its output shaft connects knife bar 305; Knife bar 305 front ends are equipped with cutter 307, adopt nut 306 to clamp;
After revolution housing 116 assembles with supports end cap 201, both eccentric orfices are coaxial; The offset equal and opposite in direction of both eccentric inner holes of revolution housing 116 and rotation housing end plug 303, and both are partial on the contrary while being positioned at original state;
Aforesaid rotation drives 301 to adopt air motor or electric main shaft.
The operation principle of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
Before helical milling, according to treating aperture and tool diameter, revolution radius regulates and drives 202 pinions 203 by interior engagement and gear wheel 204 to drive rotation housing 301 to be rotated around the axial line of feeding revolution housing 116 eccentric orfices, thereby realizes the adjustment of cutter revolution radius.
During helical milling, axial feed drives 102 driving gears 104 by interior engagement and driven gear 105 to drive screw mandrel 108 to produce rotation, under the common constraint of combination bearing 111, leading screw 108 output spline joint portions and guideway 121/404, the output of screw mandrel 102, when driving screwfeed mechanism 100, cutter rotation speed adjusting gear 200 and revolution radius governor motion 300 to complete to move forward and backward, is also with cutter rotation speed adjusting gear 200 and revolution radius governor motion 300 to revolve round the sun; Rotation drives 301 to regulate the rotational velocity of controlling cutter 307, finally completes helical milling.
The foregoing is only the automatic helical-milling device that the present invention relates to and a better case study on implementation of method, but practical range of the present invention is not limited to this example.

Claims (5)

1. the automatic helical-milling device for large-scale workpiece porous series, it is characterized in that: comprise L-type sectional shelf-unit (400), be arranged on the screwfeed mechanism (100) on sectional shelf-unit (400), and be loaded on screwfeed mechanism (100) inner revolution radius governor motion (200), cutter rotation speed adjusting gear (300); Sectional shelf-unit (400): comprise the base plate (401) of horizontal direction, the backboard (402) of vertical direction; Screwfeed mechanism (100): comprise axial feed housing (117), screw mandrel (108), support tube (101), and the axial slider (103) that is positioned at support tube (101); Slided and be connected with sectional shelf-unit (400) base plate upper rail (404) by slide block (118) in the bottom of axial feed housing (117); Support tube (101) is positioned at the rear portion of backboard (402), is provided with vertically gib block (121) on its inwall, between the lateral surface of gib block (121) and axial slider (103), so that slide rail is secondary, is connected; Axial feed drives (102) output shaft to be provided with driving gear (104), and the driven gear (105) being meshed with driving gear (104) is socketed in the input of screw mandrel (108); Screw mandrel (108) runs through after the combination bearing (111) that is loaded on axial slider upper bearing (metal) one (106), backboard (402) and transition end cap one (110) from back to front successively, and its output inserts transition end cap two (115) endoporus; The axial feed housing (117) being connected with transition end cap one (110) is connected with revolution housing (116) by the bearing (114/119) of two ends endoporus, and the small end of axial feed housing (117) and revolution housing (116) is all provided with an eccentric inner hole; Revolution radius governor motion (200): comprise that the supports end cap (201) being connected with the interior hole end surface of revolution housing (116), the revolution radius being loaded in supports end cap (201) regulate driving (202), and the pinion of interior engagement (203) and gear wheel (204); Revolution radius regulates and drives (202) output shaft to connect pinion (203), and gear wheel (204) connects cutter rotation speed adjusting gear (300); Supports end cap (201) is also provided with an eccentric inner hole; Cutter rotation speed adjusting gear (300): the rotation that comprise rotation housing (302), rotation housing end plug (303), knife bar (305), cutter (307), is arranged in rotation housing (302) drives (301); Rotation housing (302) is installed in the eccentric orfice of revolution housing (116), its with eccentric orfice inwall between be also provided with connection bearing one (207), its input passes bearing two (205), and is socketed with aforementioned gear wheel (204); Rotation drives (301) to be loaded in the eccentric orfice of rotation housing end plug (303), and its output shaft connects knife bar (305); Knife bar (305) front end is equipped with cutter (307), adopts nut (306) to clamp; After revolution housing (116) assembles with supports end cap (201), both eccentric orfices are coaxial; Revolution housing (116) and the offset equal and opposite in direction of both eccentric inner holes of rotation housing end plug (303), and both are partial on the contrary while being positioned at original state.
2. the automatic helical-milling device for large-scale workpiece porous series according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sectional shelf-unit (400) also comprises the stiffener (403) of two right angled triangles, two right-angle sides of stiffener (403) are fitted and connected respectively base plate (401) and backboard (402).
3. the automatic helical-milling device for large-scale workpiece porous series according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: above-mentioned screw mandrel (108) is connected with screw thread pair with backboard (402); Screw mandrel (108) adopts spline joint with transition end cap two (115), and axially also tight with stop nut (112).
4. the automatic helical-milling device for large-scale workpiece porous series according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: rotation drives (301) to adopt air motor or electric main shaft.
5. adopt the method for helically milling hole that in claim 1-4, described in any one, automatic helical-milling device is realized, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
A) before helical milling, according to treating aperture and tool diameter, revolution radius regulates and drives (202) to drive rotation housing (301) to be rotated around the axial line of revolution housing (116) eccentric orfice by pinion (203) and the gear wheel (204) of interior engagement, thereby realizes the adjustment of cutter revolution radius;
B) during helical milling, axial feed drives (102) to drive screw mandrel (108) to produce rotation by driving gear (104) and the driven gear (105) of interior engagement, under the common constraint of combination bearing (111), screw mandrel (108) output spline joint portion and guideway (121/404), the output of screw mandrel (108), when driving screwfeed mechanism (100), cutter rotation speed adjusting gear (300) and revolution radius governor motion (200) to complete to move forward and backward, is also with cutter rotation speed adjusting gear (300) and the radius governor motion (200) that revolves round the sun revolves round the sun; Rotation drives (301) to regulate the rotational velocity of controlling cutter (307), finally completes helical milling.
CN201210196101.1A 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Automatic spiral hole milling device and method Expired - Fee Related CN102717135B (en)

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Granted publication date: 20141022