CN102715371A - Feed additive for improving growth and immunity of Apostichopus japonicus - Google Patents
Feed additive for improving growth and immunity of Apostichopus japonicus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102715371A CN102715371A CN2012102060578A CN201210206057A CN102715371A CN 102715371 A CN102715371 A CN 102715371A CN 2012102060578 A CN2012102060578 A CN 2012102060578A CN 201210206057 A CN201210206057 A CN 201210206057A CN 102715371 A CN102715371 A CN 102715371A
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Abstract
The invention discloses feed additive for improving growth and immunity of Apostichopus japonicus. The feed additive for improving growth and immunity of Apostichopus japonicus is characterized by comprising, by weight, 0.1-0.3 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.1-0.3 part of bacillus, 1-3 parts of astragalus root, 1-3 parts of licorice root, and 1-3 parts of radix angelicae sinensis. The feed additive is capable of improving growth and stress resistance of Apostichopus japonicus, reducing harm caused by stress and enhancing body immunity to increase survival rate of the Apostichopus japonicus. The compound feed additive mainly comprises the bacillus, the chitosan oligosaccharide, the manyprickle acanthopanax root, the astragalus root, fructus lycii, licorice root, lily bulb, the radix angelicae sinensis and root of bidentate achyranthis. The ingredients are made into the additive for common feed used to feed the Apostichopus japonicus according to a best proportion, and accordingly the Apostichopus japonicus grows well, weight gain is high, immuno-enzyme activity, and body immunity of the Apostichopus japonicus is improved. The feed additive has the advantages of no pollution, no residue, no side effects and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of feed addictive, particularly a kind of feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus (
Apostichopus japonicus) belong to Echinodermata, migration subphylum, Holothuroidea, shield hand order, Stichopodidae, imitate the stichopus japonicus genus.Stichopus japonicus has become the pillar industry and the fishery economic growth strong point of coastal featured agriculture at present.Yet along with the overrun development and the going from bad to worse of cultivation water environment of sea cucumber high-density breeding, the disease in the breed is also following.At present, disease has become the key factor of restriction apostichopus japonicus culture industry sustainable and stable development.
Up to the present, the epidemic disease that is caused by causal organism has caused aquaculture to suffer heavy economic losses.Virus, bacterium, fungi, protozoan, parasite are threatening the safety of culture fishery always.Therefore, the searching prevention is extremely urgent with the measure of treatment.In traditional prevention from suffering from the diseases and therapeutic process; Chemicals and antibiotic are used on a large scale; The environmental hazard that the abuse of these medicines brings as destroying the nature microecosystem, influences the degraded of debirs, the generation of anti-medicine causal organism etc.; And residual in vivo potential harmful effect to human health more and more receives people's attention, and medicament residue has become the key factor that influences China's aquatic product quality and outlet.Therefore, utilize immunopotentiator to improve the immunologic function and the body defence capability of cultivated animals, take place, reach the purpose of defence disease, become main development tendency thereby reduce disease with nuisanceless characteristic.
Chinese herbal medicine and probiotics use in aquaculture, all can promote to culture the growth of object, strengthen the ability of its resist the disease.The composition of Chinese medicine mainly contains steroids, amino acids, polysaccharide, various trace elements and other organic matter and inorganic matter class.The many compositions of research proof Chinese herbal medicine have facilitation to the growth metabolism of bacterium, can promote the propagation of probiotics (probio).Along with to Chinese medicine pharmacodynamics, dynamics research gradually deeply, people recognize that gut flora has important function in the performance of Chinese medicine drug action in body.Probiotics (probio) can promote the absorption and the utilization of Chinese herbal medicine.In sum, Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations can promote the propagation of probiotics (probio) usually, suppresses growth of pathogenic bacteria; Probiotics (probio) also can promote the absorption and the utilization of Chinese herbal medicine.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sterilization, expelling parasite and antivirus action strong, nontoxic, have no side effect, pollution-free, cost is low, preparation is easy, can improve the feed addictive of stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence, overcomes the deficiency of prior art.
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention; Comprise following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, the quality proportioning of each component is: shell Gua Tang ︰ Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Huang Qi ︰ Gan Cao ︰ Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1～0.3 ︰, 0.1～0.3 ︰, 1～3 ︰, 1～3 ︰ 1～3.
Described chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis quality proportioning also can be: shell Gua Tang ︰ Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Huang Qi ︰ Gan Cao ︰ Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1 ︰, 0.1 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5.
Described chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis quality proportioning also can be: shell Gua Tang ︰ Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Huang Qi ︰ Gan Cao ︰ Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.2 ︰, 0.2 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5.
Described feed addictive also comprises following component: wilsonii, matrimony vine, the quality proportioning of the Radix Astragali and wilsonii, matrimony vine are: Huang Qi ︰ Ci Wu Jia ︰ matrimony vine=2 ︰, 2 ︰ 2.
Described feed addictive also comprises following component: lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes, the quality proportioning of the Radix Astragali and lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes are: Huang Qi ︰ lily: the root of bidentate achyranthes=2 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 1.5.
Described feed addictive also comprises following component: wilsonii, matrimony vine, lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes, the Radix Astragali and wilsonii, matrimony vine, lily, root of bidentate achyranthes institute quality proportioning are: Huang Qi ︰ Ci Wu Jia ︰ Gou Qi ︰ lily: the root of bidentate achyranthes=2 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 1.5.
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention can improve growth and the anti-stress ability of stichopus japonicus, the damage that minimizing stress be brought, the immunocompetence of enhancing body, its survival rate that improves.Composite feed additive, its main component comprises bacillus, chitosan oligosaccharide, wilsonii, the Radix Astragali, matrimony vine, Radix Glycyrrhizae, lily, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, the root of bidentate achyranthes.Each component is according to best proportioning, and as the additive of the stichopus japonicus normal diet stichopus japonicus of throwing something and feeding, its stichopus japonicus well-grown, rate of body weight gain are high, and the immuno-enzymatic vigor strengthens, and improves the immunocompetence of its body.That additive of the present invention has is pollution-free, noresidue, advantage such as have no side effect.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention comprises following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis.The quality proportioning of each component is: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1～0.3 ︰, 0.1～0.3 ︰, 1～3 ︰, 1～3 ︰ 1～3.
Sharp micronizer is the raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned each component, and through behind 200 eye mesh screens, mixes by above-mentioned quality proportioning, is formed for the Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive of stichopus japonicus.This additive is added in the feed of stichopus japonicus, additive accounts for 0.5% of feed gross mass.
Embodiment 2:
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention comprises following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis.The quality proportioning of each component is: chitosan oligosaccharide: bacillus: the Radix Astragali: Radix Glycyrrhizae: Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1 ︰, 0.1 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5.
Sharp micronizer is the raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned each component, and through behind 200 eye mesh screens, mixes by above-mentioned quality proportioning, is formed for the Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive of stichopus japonicus.This additive is added in the feed of stichopus japonicus, additive accounts for 0.5% of feed gross mass.
Embodiment 3:
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention comprises following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis.The quality proportioning of each component is: chitosan oligosaccharide: bacillus: the Radix Astragali: Radix Glycyrrhizae: Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.2 ︰, 0.2 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5.
Sharp micronizer is the raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned each component, and through behind 200 eye mesh screens, mixes by above-mentioned quality proportioning, is formed for the Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive of stichopus japonicus.This additive is added in the feed of stichopus japonicus, additive accounts for 0.5% of feed gross mass.
Embodiment 4:
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention comprises following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, wilsonii, matrimony vine.Wherein the quality proportioning of chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis each component is: chitosan oligosaccharide: bacillus: the Radix Astragali: Radix Glycyrrhizae: Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1 ︰, 0.1 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5.The quality proportioning of the Radix Astragali and wilsonii, matrimony vine is: Huang Qi ︰ Ci Wu Jia ︰ matrimony vine=2 ︰, 2 ︰ 2.
Sharp micronizer is the raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned each component, and through behind 200 eye mesh screens, mixes by above-mentioned quality proportioning, is formed for the Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive of stichopus japonicus.This additive is added in the feed of stichopus japonicus, additive accounts for 0.5% of feed gross mass.
Embodiment 5:
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention comprises following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes.Wherein the quality proportioning of chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis each component is: chitosan oligosaccharide: bacillus: the Radix Astragali: Radix Glycyrrhizae: Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.2 ︰, 0.2 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5; The quality proportioning of the Radix Astragali and wilsonii, matrimony vine is the: Huang Qi ︰ Bai He ︰ root of bidentate achyranthes=2 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 1.5.
Sharp micronizer is the raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned each component, and through behind 200 eye mesh screens, mixes by above-mentioned quality proportioning, is formed for the Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive of stichopus japonicus.This additive is added in the feed of stichopus japonicus, additive accounts for 0.5% of feed gross mass.
Embodiment 6:
The feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence of the present invention comprises following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, wilsonii, matrimony vine, lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes.Wherein the quality proportioning of chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis each component is: shell Gua Tang ︰ Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Huang Qi ︰ Gan Cao ︰ Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1～0.3 ︰, 0.1～0.3 ︰, 1～3 ︰, 1～3 ︰ 1～3.
The quality proportioning of the Radix Astragali and wilsonii, matrimony vine, lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes is the: Huang Qi ︰ Ci Wu Jia ︰ Gou Qi ︰ Bai He ︰ root of bidentate achyranthes=2 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 1.5.Above-mentioned each Chinese herbal medicine is the medicinal material that pharmacy sells.
Sharp micronizer is the raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned each component, and through behind 200 eye mesh screens, mixes by above-mentioned quality proportioning, is formed for the Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive of stichopus japonicus.This additive is added in the feed of stichopus japonicus, additive accounts for 0.5% of feed gross mass.
The Chinese herbal medicine of selecting among above-mentioned each embodiment is the Chinese herbal medicine that pharmacy sells.
Raising of stichopus japonicus and management
Select for use the same a collection of stichopus japonicus of hatching then to use ginseng as experiment, initial body weight is 3.53 ± 0.85g.Experiment is provided with 8 groups, is respectively control group, embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6.The control group stichopus japonicus feed of throwing something and feeding and not adding immunopotentiator wherein, other embodiment groups have been added above-mentioned immunopotentiator respectively on the basis of control group, and its composition carries out according to aforementioned proportion.Every group 3 parallel, and each parallel 30 stichopus japonicus is thrown something and fed 1 every day, and the time of throwing something and feeding is 17:00, is satiated with food and throws something and feeds, and next day, 8:00 absorbed residual bait and ight soil.Continuous charge between feeding period, water temperature are controlled at 15 ± 0.5 ℃, salinity 32, and pH 7.8-8.2, dissolved oxygen are not less than 5 mg/L.
Stichopus japonicus sample collecting, analysis and calculating
The back was measured various immuno-enzymatic activity of stichopus japonicus and growing state on the 10th, 20,30,40 and 50 respectively at throwing something and feeding.Computing formula is following:
Rate of body weight gain (WG, %)=100 * (Wt-W0)/W0
Specific growth rate (SGR)=100 * (LnWt – LnW0)/t
Wherein, N0 and Nt are respectively each and repeat an initial number of stichopus japonicus and an eventually last number, and W0 and Wt are respectively initial body weight and whole opisthosoma is heavy, and t is the experiment fate.
Get coelomic fluid, whole process is carried out on ice chest, prevents enzyme deactivation.Coelomic fluid is packed in the 1.5mL centrifuge tube, temporarily be kept in 4 ℃ of refrigerators.Centrifugal, 3000r ∕ min, 4 ℃ of centrifugal 10min get supernatant ,-80 ℃ of preservations.Measure its AKP of absorbance measurement, ACP, LSZ and SOD enzyme activity with ELIASA.
Adopt SPSS 11.5 for Windows that the gained data are carried out one-way analysis of variance.
Experimental result shows: in the stichopus japonicus feed, add feed addictive of the present invention, can significantly improve specific growth rate, rate of body weight gain and AKP, ACP, LSZ and the SOD enzyme activity of stichopus japonicus.The effect of especially adding the composite feed additive of bacillus, shitosan and Chinese herbal medicine is better than independent interpolation bacillus, shitosan.A spot of stichopus japonicus composite feed additive just can significantly improve growth and the immunity of stichopus japonicus, is fully feasible as the long-term composite feed additive efficiently of stichopus japonicus.
Table 1 is thrown something and fed, and compound immunopotentiator for apostichopus japonicus is grown to stichopus japonicus and the influence of survival rate
| Group | Survival rate | Rate of body weight gain | Specific growth rate |
| Control group | 95.03±0.83 | 11.56±2.13 | 0.11±0.05 |
| Embodiment 2 | 99.50±0.11 | 72.50±3.12 | 0.47±0.12 |
| Embodiment 4 | 99.92±1.10 | 36.12±3.65 | 0.27±0.02 |
| Embodiment 6 | 96.87±1.10 | 34.86±1.45 | 0.26±0.04 |
Table 2 influence of compound immunopotentiator for apostichopus japonicus of throwing something and feeding to stichopus japonicus immuno-enzymatic vigor
| Group | AKP | ACP | LSZ | SOD |
| Control group (A) | 8.95±0.22 | 8.61±0.22 | 74.2 ±7.36 | 34.54±9.92 |
| Embodiment 2 | 9.14±0.14 | 12.83±1.37 | 160±10.51 | 58.14±2.95 |
| Embodiment 4 | 9.33±0.13 | 9.18±0.85 | 107±17.04 | 66.18±2.98 |
| Embodiment 6 | 9.05±0.21 | 12.98±1.09 | 148.4±19.25 | 59.56±1.71 |
Claims (6)
1. feed addictive that can improve stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence; It is characterized in that: comprise following component: chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, the quality proportioning of each component is: shell Gua Tang ︰ Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Huang Qi ︰ Gan Cao ︰ Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1～0.3 ︰, 0.1～0.3 ︰, 1～3 ︰, 1～3 ︰ 1～3.
2. the feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis quality proportioning are: shell Gua Tang ︰ Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Huang Qi ︰ Gan Cao ︰ Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.1 ︰, 0.1 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5.
3. the feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis quality proportioning are: shell Gua Tang ︰ Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Huang Qi ︰ Gan Cao ︰ Radix Angelicae Sinensis=0.2 ︰, 0.2 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰ 1.5.
4. the feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: described feed addictive also comprises following component: wilsonii, matrimony vine, the quality proportioning of the Radix Astragali and wilsonii, matrimony vine are: Huang Qi ︰ Ci Wu Jia ︰ matrimony vine=2 ︰, 2 ︰ 2.
5. the feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: described feed addictive also comprises following component: lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes, the quality proportioning of the Radix Astragali and lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes are: Huang Qi ︰ lily: the root of bidentate achyranthes=2 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 1.5.
6. the feed addictive that improves stichopus japonicus growth and immunocompetence according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described feed addictive also comprises following component: wilsonii, matrimony vine, lily, the root of bidentate achyranthes, the Radix Astragali and wilsonii, matrimony vine, lily, root of bidentate achyranthes institute quality proportioning are: Huang Qi ︰ Ci Wu Jia ︰ Gou Qi ︰ lily: the root of bidentate achyranthes=2 ︰, 2 ︰, 2 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 1.5.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103070297A (en) * | 2012-10-27 | 2013-05-01 | 孙丽君 | Sea cucumber seed and processing method thereof |
| CN103931893A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-23 | 大连金海湾养殖科技有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicinal herbal immunological enhancement additive for aquatic products, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105614019A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Special composite marine oligosaccharide feed additive for stichopus japonicus as well as preparation and application of special composite marine oligosaccharide feed additive |
| CN105613362A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for increasing stichopus japonicus settlement and metamorphosis rate by using marine oligosaccharides |
| CN106213035A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 大连海洋大学 | A kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed reducing oligochitosan dissolution velocity and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103070297A (en) * | 2012-10-27 | 2013-05-01 | 孙丽君 | Sea cucumber seed and processing method thereof |
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| CN105613362A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for increasing stichopus japonicus settlement and metamorphosis rate by using marine oligosaccharides |
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| CN106213035A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 大连海洋大学 | A kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed reducing oligochitosan dissolution velocity and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |