CN102712372A - 用于焊接的设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于焊接的设备和方法 Download PDF

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CN102712372A
CN102712372A CN2010800566480A CN201080056648A CN102712372A CN 102712372 A CN102712372 A CN 102712372A CN 2010800566480 A CN2010800566480 A CN 2010800566480A CN 201080056648 A CN201080056648 A CN 201080056648A CN 102712372 A CN102712372 A CN 102712372A
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A·巴尔托利
F·特拉尔蒂
G·卡瓦佐利
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Sarong SpA
INOVAPAK Srl
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/001Joining in special atmospheres
    • B29C66/0012Joining in special atmospheres characterised by the type of environment
    • B29C66/0014Gaseous environments
    • B29C66/00141Protective gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/001Joining in special atmospheres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2422Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
    • B29C66/24221Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/826Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8266Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined using fluid pressure directly acting on the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/82661Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined using fluid pressure directly acting on the parts to be joined by means of vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B29C66/8432Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/02Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
    • B65B31/025Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas specially adapted for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65B31/028Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas specially adapted for rigid or semi-rigid containers closed by a lid sealed to the upper rim of the container, e.g. tray-like container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/162Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by feeding web material to securing means
    • B65B7/164Securing by heat-sealing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/02Aluminium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162Boxes, cartons, cases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1056Perforating lamina

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Abstract

本发明涉及用于焊接覆盖膜(90)的设备,覆盖膜叠加在片材(100)上,片材由可热成形的塑性材料制成且设置有在其上热成形的多个容器(101),该设备包括第一板构件(2)和第二板构件(4),第一板构件设置有用于支撑片材(100)的操作壁(20),第二板构件设置有焊接构件(5),焊接构件用于靠着操作壁(20)压膜(90)和片材(100),以焊接膜(90)和片材(100);片材(100)包括插在容器(101)之间的多个通孔(102),第一板构件(2)包括管道构件(5),管道构件在通孔(102)处通向操作壁(20),以用于从容器(101)抽吸空气和/或将气体引导到容器(101)。

Description

用于焊接的设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于焊接的设备和方法,并且具体涉及与用于将覆盖膜焊接到由可热成形的塑性材料制成的片材的包装成形机相关的焊接设备,以及对应的焊接方法。
背景技术
包装机是已知的,所谓的热成形机,其通过热成形塑料片材而形成容器,填充容器以形成有产品,并且用覆盖膜密封地闭合容器。
已知的热成形机通常包括相继地布置的:加热工位,在该加热工位中,可热成形材料制成的片材被加热至软化温度;热成形工位,在热成形工位中,片材通过凸模与凹模的相互作用进行热成形以形成容器;填充工位,用于产品填充刚刚形成的容器的腔体,联接工位,在该联接工位中从相应卷轴退绕的覆盖膜在片材上延伸以闭合容器;以及焊接工位,在该焊接工位中膜被围绕每个容器的开口焊接叠加在片材上,以便密封刚刚被定量的产品并且以这种方式形成密封地闭合的容器。
热成形机还可以包括剪切工位,其单独地或成组地剪切密封的容器,将它们与片材或膜的其余部分分隔开。
用在热成形机的焊接工位中的已知的焊接设备包括第一板和第二板,该第一板设置有腔体,该腔体的形状形成为用于接纳在由可热成形的塑性材料制成的连续片材上热成形的容器并且填充有产品,第二板设置有焊接元件,以用于将覆盖膜(例如铝膜)的预设部分加热和焊接到前述塑性材料的片材。
已知的焊接设备还包括锁定元件(所谓的钟形件),其布置成用于在围绕片材的包括待闭合容器的操作区域的侧面区域处将覆盖膜锁定到塑性材料片材。
已知的焊接设备的操作使第一板从降低位置到升高位置竖向地运动,在升高位置中,第一板的腔体接纳此前在塑性材料片材中热成形的容器。塑性材料片材和覆盖膜以分度运动通过焊接设备的两个板面向彼此前进并且彼此叠加。
一旦片材定位成使得每个容器都接纳在第一板的相应腔体内侧,钟形件就下降以将覆盖膜沿周边相对于操作区域(也就是在围绕腔体和容器的区域处)锁定在片材上。同时,定位在片材的侧边缘附近的装置抽吸容器中的空气和插入在膜与片材之间的空气。
可任选地,紧接着在抽吸空气之后,能够将气体(通常为诸如氮的惰性气体)引入或吹入到容器中,使得该气体替换空气。通常通过此前抽吸空气的相同装置引入惰性气体。
接下来,第二板下降以通过焊接元件接触覆盖膜,该焊接元件被适当地加热,通过接触将热传递到覆盖膜的围绕容器的开口的部分,以便在这些部分处将片材焊接到膜并且密封包含在容器内的产品。抽吸空气的步骤是非常重要的,原因是容器内空气的存在随时间流逝可能会破坏容器内包含的产品的感官特性。
另一方面,为了防止容器具有不合意的审美外观,其中覆盖膜由于容器内的真空而被吸向容器内侧,适宜的是将惰性气体而不是空气引入容器中,使得产品的感官特性保持不变,但是同时产品不是真空包装的。
为了确保从容器有效地抽吸空气,对于抽吸和/或吹入装置而言重要的是,正确地作用在片材的侧边缘的整个宽度上。
已知的焊接设备的缺点在于,它们不能确保从容器内侧有效地抽吸空气。这具体是由于空气的侧向抽吸。实际上通常易于从布置在抽吸空气的装置附近的容器抽吸空气。实际上通常易于从布置在抽吸空气的装置附近的容器抽吸空气,但是例如以不完全的方式从远离前述装置的容器,也就是从更居中地布置在片材中而由此远离片材边缘的容器抽吸空气具有较大的难度。
另外,尽管覆盖膜还没有连接到可热成形材料的片材,但是膜和片材基本上叠加了,膜在片材上延伸。这种布置不会确保在所有点处在膜和片材之间具有合适的间隙或通道,空气穿过该间隙或通道从容器离开到外部。另一方面,空气必须行进以到达发生抽吸的侧面区域的路径越长,则不是所有空气都被抽吸的可能性就越大。从而,需要大的抽吸力来从覆盖膜和塑性材料片材之间获得可接受的空气抽吸。
为此,通过片材的侧边缘吹入到中心部分的惰性气体并不总是能够到达所有的容器,并且气体的大部分离开片材,被释放到周围环境中。
从而,已知焊接设备的另一个缺陷在于,通过片材的侧边缘抽吸空气所需的高能量消耗,以及在膜和片材之间吹入惰性气体的大消耗。
已知焊接设备的另一个缺陷在于,通过专门的装置抽吸空气可能使得焊接设备较为复杂。事实上,必须相对于操作区域侧向定位的这些装置可能会导致焊接设备具有较大的整体尺寸和较复杂的结构。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于改进尤其在包装成形机中用于将覆盖膜焊接到可热成形的塑性材料制成的片材的焊接设备。
另一个目的在于提供一种焊接设备,其能够以完全有效的方式从在可热成形的材料制成的片材中热成形的容器内抽吸空气以及将气体吹入到该容器内侧。
另一个目的在于提供一种焊接设备,其构造和操作简单并且具有有限的整体尺寸。
另一个目的在于提供一种用于将覆盖膜焊接到可热成形的塑性材料制成的片材的方法,其确保几乎完全从热成形容器的内侧抽吸空气和/或优化引导气体,降低气体的消耗。
在本发明的第一个方面中,提供如权利要求1所限定的设备。
在本发明的第二个方面中,提供如权利要求13所限定的焊接方法。
附图说明
参考示出了实施例的附图,借助非限制性实例,可以更好地理解和实施本发明,其中:
图1为根据本发明的处于打开构造的焊接设备的局部前视图,其中可热成形的塑性材料制成的片材设置有容器和覆盖膜;
图2为图1的设备没有片材和膜的局部透视前视图;
图3为图1的设备没有片材和膜的局部透视后视图;
图4为沿图1中的线IV-IV截取的截面;
图5为沿图1中的线V-V截取的截面;图6为图4的局部放大图,示出了处于延伸位置中的支撑构件;
图7为与图4类似的截面,示出了处于第一操作构造中的焊接设备;
图8为图7的局部放大图,示出了处于延伸位置中的支撑构件;
图9为与图4类似的截面,示出了处于第二操作构造中的焊接设备;
图10为图9的放大细节,示出了处于缩回位置中的支撑构件;
图11为与可热成形的塑性材料制成的片材相关的图1中的设备的板构件的透视图。
具体实施方式
参照图1至11,其示出了设用于将例如由铝和类似材料制成的覆盖膜90焊接到可热成形的塑性材料制成的片材100的设备1。具体地,与已知类型且图中未示出的包装成形机相关的设备1能够利用膜90闭合和密封多个容器101,该多个容器通过片材100的热成形而获得,并且随后填充有产品,例如食物产品。
该设备1包括第一板构件2、锁定构件3和第二板构件4,该第一板构件2设置有腔体21、22以容纳相应的片材100的容器101,锁定构件3用于靠着第一板构件2基本上以密封的方式将覆盖膜90锁定在塑性材料片材100上,第二板构件4设置有焊接构件5,该焊接构件5用于将覆盖膜90和塑性材料片材100的各部分焊接在一起。
第一板构件2、第二板构件4和锁定构件3在不同的操作构造之间能够沿着操作方向H相互移动,该操作方向H基本上垂直于片材100,如说明书中进一步更详细地描述的。
第一板构件2、第二板构件4和锁定构件3由已知类型且未示出的各自的驱动构件驱动,该驱动构件为例如气动线性致动器。
面向彼此且基本上叠加的片材100和膜90通过已知的且在图中未示出的机器的前进构件以分度运动前进通过焊接设备1。具体地,如图1所示,片材100和膜90插入在第一板构件2和锁定构件3之间。
第一板构件2包括例如为基本上矩形形状的第一板元件,该第一板元件设置有几乎平的操作壁20,在该操作壁中获得腔体21。
例如,腔体21布置成例如沿着互相平行的行对准,该互相平行的行沿着两个基本垂直的方向延伸。
腔体21的布置对应于片材100上形成的容器101的布置,原因是在焊接设备1的操作条件中每个腔体21将接纳相应的容器101。在所示的实施例中,腔体21和容器101具有基本上截锥形形状。
第一板构件2还包括另外的腔体22,该腔体22具有与腔体21相同的布置和数量,并且布置成在片材100的前进方向上与腔体21相邻。
该另外的腔体22在焊接设备1的操作条件中将用于接纳已经被覆盖膜90密封的容器101,以确保片材100的正确定位,也就是确保容器101在腔体21中的正确定位。
每个腔体21在其开口处设置有抵靠元件23,例如弹性材料制成的密封件,该抵靠元件23与第二板构件4的焊接构件5配合以将片材100和膜90焊接在一起。
在每个腔体21的侧壁上设置有与外部环境连接的排放孔24。具体地,腔体21的排放孔24连接在一起并且通过未示出的已知类型的阀构件连接到外部环境。阀构件能够在打开位置和闭合位置之间切换,以便相应地允许或防止排放孔24与外部环境连接。
第一板2还包括多个管道15,该多个管道使得第一板2的操作壁20与图中未示出的已知类型的空气抽吸构件和/或气体吹入构件流动连通。管道15规则地分布在板2上,并且通向插在所述容器101之间的相应的通孔102。通孔102之前例如在机器的剪切工位中或者在为此目的设有剪切构件的相同的形成工位中制造在片材100上。
管道15可滑动地容纳支撑构件25,该支撑构件的形状形成为使空气能够流过相应的管道15,并且该支撑构件能够在两个不同的操作位置之间运动,如说明书中进一步更详细地描述的。
例如为圆柱形形状且基本垂直于操作壁20的每个管道15通到操作壁20上,并且通过横向连接孔16流动地连接到抽吸和/或吹入构件。在与操作壁20相对的一侧上,管道15还通到例如为圆柱形形状的腔室17上。管道15的下方通过定位在腔室17中的盖子27进行密封,并且管道15通过螺纹构件28固定到第一板2。
管道的连接孔16借助第一板2中形成的主管道18相互连接并且连接到抽吸和/或吹入构件。
支撑构件25可滑动地容纳在管道15中,该支撑构件包括例如销。
销25以相应的操作端部25a保持从管道15突出并且借助弹性构件26保持从操作壁20突出。
管道15的在操作壁20处的区段设置有变窄部15a,以用于抵靠在相应的销25的肩部25b上,以防止销25离开管道15。
销25具有的横截面的形状形成为使得相应的管道15内侧形成用于空气和/或气体的一个或多个通道。销25例如具有的横截面的形状基本上形成为十字形。
在本发明的未示出的其它实施例中,销25可以具有形成为任何其它形状的横截面,例如方形、六边形等,前提条件是该横截面在管道15中形成用于空气和/或气体的合适的通道。
在其它实施例中,销可以具有实心横截面,例如圆柱形横截面,并且包括纵向凹槽,以便空气和/或气体能够通过。
销25基本上能够沿竖向在销突出到操作壁20之上的延伸位置E(如图6和8的放大图中较佳地示出)和销基本上容纳在相应管道15内的缩回位置R(如图10的放大图中较佳地示出)之间运动。
在延伸位置E中,销25穿过片材100的通孔102并且抵靠在覆盖膜90上且支撑覆盖膜90,保持覆盖膜90与片材100间隔开,以允许最佳地抽取空气和/或引导气体。
在缩回位置R中,销25被第二板构件4推到相应的管道15内侧,以便不与焊接构件5的操作发生干涉。
每个销25通过相应的弹性构件26保持在延伸位置E中,该弹性构件26作用在肩部25b上并且包括例如螺旋弹簧,该螺旋弹簧在管道15内侧被盖子27推压在销25上。
锁定构件3包括称为“钟形件”的环形元件,该环形元件具有基本上矩形的形状,设置有中心开口31并且布置成用于抵靠在第一板2上和用于沿着周边部分将覆盖膜90基本上密封地锁定在片材100上,封闭片材100的包括待闭合的多个容器101的操作区域T(图7)。为此,锁定构件3设置有密封构件32(其在图8的放大图中较佳地示出),该密封构件32包括例如O形环密封件,该O形环密封件围绕中心开口31布置并且布置成用于抵靠在膜90上。
第二板构件4包括例如为基本上矩形形状的第一支撑元件41,焊接板42固定到该第一支撑元件41,焊接板具有的形状与锁定构件3的中心开口31的形状互补。焊接板42包括焊接构件5,该焊接构件5包括多个环形脊部,该环形脊部例如通过为已知类型且未示出的电阻而在内部被加热。
焊接构件5的环形脊部的形状形成为抵靠在第一板2的抵靠元件23上并且在片材100和膜90之间进行焊接,该焊接具有诸如环形的期望形状以及围绕容器101的开口的期望尺寸。焊接设备1的操作具有第一步骤,在该第一步骤中,第一板构件2、锁定构件3和第二板构件4处于打开构造A(图1到5)中,彼此间隔开,以便使塑性材料片材100和覆盖膜90共同前进到限定的焊接位置,在该限定的焊接位置中,片材100的容器101基本上面向第一板2的腔体21。
随后,第一板构件2和锁定构件3沿着操作方向H在相反的方向上朝向彼此运动,以便沿着围绕包括待焊接的容器101的操作区域T的周边边缘将片材100和膜90夹紧在第一操作构造B中。
在该第一操作构造B中,如图7和8中详细示出,相应的操作端部25a从相应的管道25离开的销25保持膜90与片材100在整个操作区域T中间隔开,从而基本上限定了具有预设高度的间隙或通道。这样,通过仅仅被相应的销25部分地闭塞的管道15以及片材100的通孔102,能够提取包含在容器21内的空气并且通常更多地在片材100和膜90之间提取空气。
在该步骤中,通过适当地将阀构件切换到闭合位置,腔体21的排放孔24与外部环境隔离,以防止从外部抽吸空气。
应该指出的是,依靠管道15在第一板2上的均匀布置,以及通孔102在第一板2上的均匀布置,能够确保空气的最佳提取,而不需要任何特定的动力抽吸构件。事实上,依靠锁定构件3在第一板2上形成的密封件,管道15和外部环境之间不可能存在连接。
在抽吸空气已经终止之后,例如在预设的抽吸时间之后,能够借助相同的管道15将气体引入到容器101内,以确保产品的完整性,该气体具体为惰性气体,例如氮。为此,抽吸构件可以包括开关阀和气体吹入构件。
在气体引入期间,在预设的吹入时间之后,第二板构件4沿着操作方向H向下运动,直到其以焊接构件5抵靠在第二操作构造C中压缩在片材100上的膜90(图9),其中该预设的吹入时间确保容器101的该气体和片材100与膜90之间所含的空间的该气体的饱和度。
销25在其逐渐被第二板构件4抵靠时依靠弹性构件26在相应的管道15内弹性地滑动,以便不会干涉膜90,并且使得膜90能够在所有位置,具体是在相邻容器101之间所含的部分中附着到片材100。
基本上在板构件2、4之间发生抵靠的同时,中断气体的引入,以避免气体的浪费,原因是容器21已经被膜90密封地闭合。
在限定的焊接时间之后,第一板构件2、锁定构件3和第二板构件4再次被带到打开构造A,以便使得被膜90闭合的容器101能够从第一板2的腔体21取出。
为此,腔体21的排放孔24通过适当地切换阀构件而放置成与外部环境连接。
由于本发明的焊接设备,从而能够以最佳的方式提取包含在填充有产品的容器101内的空气以及插在塑性材料片材100和覆盖膜90之间的空间中的空气。从而,支撑构件25将膜90和片材100适当地保持间隔开,同时管道15以及片材100的通孔102的布置和分布确保在操作区域T的所有位置均匀地抽吸空气,也在较为中心的位置均匀地抽吸空气。
这使得容器101中的残余空气含量最小化,并且能够使用动力和容量有限的抽吸构件,也就是由于较少的能量消耗而在使用中还较便宜。
相似地,在抽吸空气之后引入气体的情况下,本发明的设备使得容器101能够快速地且最佳地形成气体饱和,而与它们在操作区域T中的位置无关,同时还由于实质上没有分散和泄漏而减少气体的消耗。
还应该指出的是,抽吸空气和/或吹入气体所通过的管道15形成于板构件2内侧并且不再相对于操作区域T侧向地形成,从而降低了设备1的整体侧向尺寸及其结构复杂度。另外,应该指出的是,管道15通到操作壁20上,以面向在片材100的插在容器101之间的区域处在片材100上获得的通孔102,在热成形机后续的剪切工位中,该区域将变为废弃材料。从而,在焊接设备1中,通过利用片材100的非常靠近容器101但将不使用的区域,能够以完全和有效的方式从容器101抽吸空气和/或将气体吹入容器101。
还可以对以上已经公开的和/或附图中示出的内容进行变型和/或增加。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于焊接覆盖膜(90)的设备,所述覆盖膜叠加在片材(100)上,所述片材由可热成形的塑性材料制成且设置有在所述片材(100)上热成形的多个容器(101),所述设备包括第一板构件(2)和第二板构件(4),所述第一板构件设置有用于支撑所述片材(100)的操作壁(20),所述第二板构件设置有焊接构件(5),所述焊接构件用于靠着所述操作壁(20)压所述膜(90)和所述片材(100),以将所述膜(90)焊接到所述片材(100),其特征在于,所述片材(100)包括插在所述容器(101)之间的多个通孔(102),所述第一板构件(2)包括管道构件(5),所述管道构件在所述通孔(102)处通向所述操作壁(20),以用于从所述容器(101)抽吸空气和/或将气体引导到所述容器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其包括锁定构件(3),所述锁定构件插在所述第一板构件(2)和所述第二板构件(4)之间,并且被布置成用于在第一操作构造(B)中沿着界定了所述片材(100)的包括所述容器(101)的操作区域(T)的周边部分将所述膜(90)锁定到所述片材(100)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其包括支撑构件(25),所述支撑构件与所述第一板构件(2)相关联,并且能够在延伸位置(E)和缩回位置(R)之间运动,在所述延伸位置中,所述支撑构件(25)从所述操作壁(20)突出,以支撑所述膜(90)且保持所述膜(90)与所述片材(100)间隔开,从而方便从所述容器(101)抽吸空气和/或将气体引导到所述容器,在所述缩回位置中,所述支撑构件(25)基本上容纳在所述第一板构件(2)内,以使得所述第一板构件(2)和所述第二板构件(4)能够将所述膜(90)和所述片材(100)压和焊接在一起。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备,其中所述支撑构件(25)可滑动地容纳在所述管道构件(15)中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其中所述支撑构件(25)的形状形成为使得空气和/或气体能够穿过所述管道构件(15)。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的设备,其中所述支撑构件(25)包括多个销,每个销都容纳在所述管道构件(15)的相应的管道中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备,其中所述销(25)具有成形的横截面,具体为十字形横截面,以便在相应的管道(15)内形成一个或多个用于空气和/或气体的通道。
8.根据权利要求3至7中任一项所述的设备,其中所述支撑构件(25)通过相应的弹性构件(26)保持在所述延伸位置(E)中。
9.根据权利要求3至8中任一项所述的设备,其中当所述第二板构件(4)在第二操作构造(C)中靠着所述操作壁(20)压所述膜(90)和所述片材(100)时,所述支撑构件(25)通过所述第二板构件(4)定位且保持在所述缩回位置(R)中。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备,其中所述操作壁(20)至少包括适用于接纳相应容器(101)的腔体(21)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其中所述腔体(21)至少包括排放口(24),所述排放口通过阀构件与外部环境流动地连接,所述阀构件能够选择性地操作以用于将所述排放口(24)与所述外部环境隔离,或者将所述排放口(24)连接到所述外部环境,从而相应地使得能够从所述容器(101)抽吸空气和/或将气体引导到所述容器,或者使得在将所述膜(90)和所述片材(100)焊接在一起之后能够从所述腔体(21)取出相应的容器(101)。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备,其中所述焊接构件(5)至少包括具体是通过电阻加热而受热成形的脊部,所述脊部将用于靠着所述第一板构件(2)的相应的抵靠元件(23)压所述膜(90)和所述片材(100)的各部分。
13.一种用于焊接覆盖膜(90)的方法,所述覆盖膜叠加在片材(100)上,所述片材由可热成形的塑性材料制成且设置有在所述片材(100)上热成形的多个容器(101),所述方法包括以下步骤:
-在所述片材(100)上形成多个通孔(102),所述多个通孔插在所述容器(101)之间;
-通过所述片材(100)的所述通孔(102)从所述容器(101)抽吸空气和/或将气体引导到所述容器;
-通过焊接构件(5)抵靠在所述膜(90)和所述片材(100)上,以便将所述膜(90)的各部分,具体为围绕所述容器(101)的开口的各部分,焊接到所述片材(100)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其包括在所述抽吸空气和/或所述引导气体之前沿着界定了所述片材(100)的包括所述容器(101)的操作区域(T)的周边部分将所述膜(90)锁定到所述片材(100)。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的方法,其包括在所述抽吸空气和/或所述引导气体之前将支撑构件(25)插入穿过所述通孔(102),以用于支撑所述膜(90)且将所述膜(90)保持与所述片材(100)间隔开,从而方便所述抽吸空气和/或所述引导气体。
16.根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的方法,其包括缩回所述支撑构件(25),以允许所述通过所述焊接构件(5)抵靠在所述膜(90)和所述片材(100)上。
17.根据权利要求13至16中任一项所述的方法,其包括在所述通过所述焊接构件(5)抵靠在所述膜(90)和所述片材(100)上期间中断所述抽吸空气和/或所述引导气体。
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