CN102709286A - 隔离结构和包含隔离结构的元件结构 - Google Patents

隔离结构和包含隔离结构的元件结构 Download PDF

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CN102709286A
CN102709286A CN2011102852695A CN201110285269A CN102709286A CN 102709286 A CN102709286 A CN 102709286A CN 2011102852695 A CN2011102852695 A CN 2011102852695A CN 201110285269 A CN201110285269 A CN 201110285269A CN 102709286 A CN102709286 A CN 102709286A
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substrate
semiconductor layer
isolation structure
doping semiconductor
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CN102709286B (zh
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李仲仁
任兴华
江昱德
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Nanya Technology Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/76Making of isolation regions between components
    • H01L21/762Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
    • H01L21/76224Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using trench refilling with dielectric materials
    • H01L21/76229Concurrent filling of a plurality of trenches having a different trench shape or dimension, e.g. rectangular and V-shaped trenches, wide and narrow trenches, shallow and deep trenches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10BELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
    • H10B12/00Dynamic random access memory [DRAM] devices
    • H10B12/30DRAM devices comprising one-transistor - one-capacitor [1T-1C] memory cells
    • H10B12/48Data lines or contacts therefor
    • H10B12/482Bit lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10BELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
    • H10B12/00Dynamic random access memory [DRAM] devices
    • H10B12/01Manufacture or treatment
    • H10B12/02Manufacture or treatment for one transistor one-capacitor [1T-1C] memory cells
    • H10B12/05Making the transistor
    • H10B12/053Making the transistor the transistor being at least partially in a trench in the substrate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10BELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
    • H10B12/00Dynamic random access memory [DRAM] devices
    • H10B12/30DRAM devices comprising one-transistor - one-capacitor [1T-1C] memory cells
    • H10B12/34DRAM devices comprising one-transistor - one-capacitor [1T-1C] memory cells the transistor being at least partially in a trench in the substrate

Abstract

一种隔离结构和包含隔离结构的元件结构,包括配置在半导体基底的沟渠中且导电型和基底相同的掺杂半导体层、介于掺杂半导体层和半导体基底之间的栅介电层,以及半导体基底中以从掺杂半导体层穿过栅介电层而来的掺质扩散而形成的扩散区。一种元件结构,包括上述隔离结构,以及在隔离结构旁的基底中的垂直晶体管。此垂直晶体管包含位于扩散区旁的第一源/漏极区,以及位于第一源/漏极区上方的第二源/漏极区。第一源/漏极区和第二源/漏极区的导电型和掺杂半导体层不同。

Description

隔离结构和包含隔离结构的元件结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种隔离结构及包含其的元件结构,此元件结构可为用于易失或非易失存储装置的存储器结构。
背景技术
典型的存储器阵列,例如动态随机存取存储器或闪速存储器阵列,包含字元线和与字元线交错的位元线,且可应用垂直金氧半晶体管而得4F2存储单元。对下个世代的4F2存储单元而言,至少因为简化的中间线(middle of line,MOL)制程,埋入式位元线的设计是重要的。
图1是现有技术中埋入式位元线和对应的垂直晶体管的结构的垂直剖面图(a)和横剖面图(b),其中剖面线A-A’/B-B’对应于图1的(a)/(b)部分。
埋入式位元线102包含半导体基底100中的沟渠108中的金属层104和其上的掺杂多晶硅层106。金属层104以介电层110和半导体基底100相隔。多晶硅层106两侧中的半导体基底100中形成扩散区112作为源/漏极区。沟渠108形成于各自仅含一个绝缘体的两个传统隔离结构114之间,且以绝缘材料116填满。字元线118配置在埋入式位元线102上方,且以栅介电层120与垂直晶体管的通道区100a相隔。垂直晶体管的另一源/漏极区122配置在通道区100a上方。在DRAM的例子中,源/漏极区122与电容器(未示出)耦接。
由于扩散区112靠近隔离结构114,其空乏区140延伸到隔离结构114的边界,使通道区100a变成浮置体而无法消除在操作中产生的电洞。此浮置体效应导致不必要的漏电流,而大幅降低动态随机存取存储单元的电荷保留性能。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种隔离结构,其具有隔离效果,且在用来隔离垂直晶体管时可防止浮置体效应。
本发明亦提供一种含本发明的隔离结构的元件结构。
本发明的隔离结构包括:配置于半导体基底中的沟渠中且导电类型和基底相同的掺杂半导体层、介于掺杂半导体层和基底之间的栅介电层,以及以从掺杂半导体层穿过栅介电层而来的掺质扩散而形成在基底中的扩散区。
在一个实施例中,上述隔离结构还包括在沟渠中掺杂半导体层下的金属层,且栅介电层亦介于此金属层和基底之间。掺杂半导体层和基底的导电类型可以是p型或n型。
本发明的元件结构包含上述本发明的隔离结构,以及隔离结构旁基底中的垂直晶体管。此垂直晶体管包括位于隔离结构中的扩散区旁的第一源/漏极区,以及第一源/漏极区上方的第二源/漏极区。第一源/漏极区和第二源/漏极区的导电型和隔离结构中的掺杂半导体层不同。
换言之,一种元件结构,包括:一半导体基底、一隔离结构以及第一垂直晶体管;半导体基底具有第一导电型;隔离结构包括:具有该第一导电型且位于该基底的第一沟渠中的第一掺杂半导体层、介于该第一掺杂半导体层及该基底之间的一栅介电层,以及位于该基底中,以从该第一掺杂半导体层穿过该栅介电层而来的掺质扩散而形成的一扩散区;第一垂直晶体管,位于该隔离结构的第一侧的该基底中,且包括该扩散区旁的第一源/漏极区及位于该第一源/漏极区上方的第二源/漏极区,该第一源/漏极区及该第二源/漏极区都具有第二导电型。
在一个实施例中,第一源/漏极区与基底中另一沟渠的埋入式位元线接触。埋入式位元线可包含另一金属层及其上具有源/漏极区的导电类型的另一掺杂半导体层,第一源/漏极区可由该另一掺杂半导体层的掺质扩散而形成。
由于本发明在第二导电型的第一源/漏极区旁设置具有第一导电型且掺质浓度高于基底的扩散区,而较高的掺质浓度导致较窄的空乏区,故可提供介于第一源/漏极区和隔离沟渠之间的第一导电型的通道。因此,举例来说,当晶体管是n型且第一导电型是p型时,即可消除在元件操作中产生的电洞以预防浮置体效应。
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举实施例,并配合附图作详细说明如下。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中埋入式位元线与对应的垂直晶体管的结构的垂直剖面图(a)和横剖面图(b),其中剖面线A-A’/B-B’对应于图1的(a)/(b)部分。
图2是本发明一实施例的隔离结构和包含此隔离结构的元件结构的垂直剖面图。
附图标记:
100、200:半导体基底
100a、200a、200b、200c、200d:通道区
102、220:位元线
104、208、222:金属层
106:多晶硅层
108、204、226:沟渠
110、228:介电层
112、212、230:扩散区
114、202:隔离结构
116、214:绝缘材料
118、232:字元线
120、210:栅介电层
122:源/漏极区
140、240:空乏区
206、224:掺杂半导体层
234:第二源/漏极区
具体实施方式
接着以实施例及附图进一步说明本发明,但本发明的范畴不限于此。举例而言,虽然实施例的元件结构是DRAM结构,然而其可改变为其他类型的存储器结构,例如是闪速存储器,或需要隔离结构的非存储器结构。
图2是本发明一实施例的隔离结构和包含此隔离结构的元件结构的垂直剖面图。
请参照图2,隔离结构202配置在具有沟渠204的半导体基底200中,包含掺杂半导体层206及其下沟渠204中的金属层208、沟渠204中的栅介电层210,以及在基底200中的扩散区212。金属层208和其上的掺杂半导体层206以栅介电层210与基底200分隔。掺杂半导体层206的导电型和基底200相同。扩散区212是以从掺杂半导体层206穿过栅介电层210而来的掺质扩散而形成,因此其导电型和掺杂半导体层206及基底200相同。沟渠204通常填满绝缘材料214,例如是以化学气相沉积法形成的二氧化硅(CVD SiO2)。
半导体基底200可以是单晶硅基底。金属层208可包含氮化钛(TiN)或氮化钽(TaN)。栅介电层210的材质可包含SiO2。当欲隔离的晶体管是n型,基底200及在隔离结构202中的掺杂半导体层206的导电型是p型,其中p型掺质可以是硼。当欲隔离的晶体管是p型,基底200及在隔离结构202中的掺杂半导体层206的导电型是n型。
请再参照图2,本实施例的元件结构可以是存储器元件,例如DRAM元件,其包含多个上述隔离结构202及多个垂直晶体管,其中一对垂直晶体管以一个隔离结构202隔开,如下文所述。
与垂直晶体管耦接的埋入式位元线220包含在基底200中沟渠226中的金属层222及其上的掺杂半导体层224。金属层222和半导体基底200之间隔有介电层228,其材质可以和栅介电层210相同。扩散区230藉由掺杂半导体层224的掺质扩散而形成在掺杂半导体层224旁的半导体基底200中。掺杂半导体层224的材质可包含掺杂多晶硅,其导电型不同于半导体基底200、掺杂半导体层206和在隔离结构202中的扩散区212。字元线232跨越埋入式位元线220的上方而配置,其上视图可类似图1所示的字元线118。
在图2中,垂直晶体管包含作为第一源/漏极区的部分扩散区230、该部分扩散区230上方的通道区200a(或200b、200c或200d,以下记为200a/b/c/d)、通道区200a/b/c/d上的第二源/漏极区234、在通道区200a/b/c/d两侧的部分字元线232,以及介于该部分字元线232和通道区200a/b/c/d之间的栅介电层(未示出)。字元线232、栅介电层和通道区200a/b/c/d的配置方式可以如图1所示,其中字元线118和通道区100a以栅介电层120隔开。
当上述元件结构是DRAM结构时,各个作为存储单元的通过晶体管的垂直晶体管以第二源极/漏极区234与电容器耦接。此电容器可以是冠状电容器,其结构为于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员所熟知,故此处不再赘述。
在以上实施例中,两条埋入式位元线220配置在基底200中的一个沟渠226中。然而在其他实施例中,形成较窄沟渠而在各个沟渠中仅配置一条埋入式位元线亦可行。
在一实施例中,隔离结构202的沟渠204的宽度W1是(1/2)F,通道区200a/b/c/d或第二源/漏极区234的宽度W2是1F,且形成两条埋入式位元线220的沟渠226的宽度W3是(3/2)F,如此各个存储单元占有的面积为4F2{=[(1/2)F/2+1F+(3/2)F/2]×2F}。一个存储单元在垂直纸面方向上的尺寸为“2F”的原因请参照图1(b)。
在本实施例的存储单元中,掺质浓度高于p-或n-掺杂基底200的p或n掺杂扩散区212配置在n+或p+掺杂的第一源/漏极区(即部分的扩散区230)的旁边。因为较高的掺质浓度导致较窄的空乏区240,故可于第一源/漏极区(即部分的扩散区230)和隔离沟渠204之间提供p或n掺杂的通道。因此,举例来说,当晶体管导电型是n型且扩散区212导电型是p型时,即可清除元件操作中产生的电洞以防止浮置体效应,如图2所示(请见通道区200d)。
虽然本发明已以实施例揭示如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域的普通技术人员,当可作些许更动与润饰,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

1.一种隔离结构,包括:
一掺杂半导体层,位于一半导体基底的一沟渠中,且具有与该基底相同的导电型;
一栅介电层,位于该掺杂半导体层和该基底之间;以及
一扩散区,位于该基底中,是以从该掺杂半导体层穿过该栅介电层而来的掺质扩散而形成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔离结构,其中还包括
一金属层,位于该沟渠中及该掺杂半导体层下,其中该栅介电层亦介于该金属层及该基底之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的隔离结构,其中该金属层的材质包括氮化钛(TiN)或氮化钽(TaN)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的隔离结构,其中该掺杂半导体层及该基底的该导电型是p型。
5.根据权利要求1所述的隔离结构,其中该掺杂半导体层及该基底的该导电型是n型。
6.根据权利要求1所述的隔离结构,其中该掺杂半导体层的材质包括掺杂多晶硅。
7.一种元件结构,包括:
一半导体基底,具有第一导电型;
一隔离结构,包括:具有该第一导电型且位于该基底的第一沟渠中的第一掺杂半导体层、介于该第一掺杂半导体层及该基底之间的一栅介电层,以及位于该基底中,以从该第一掺杂半导体层穿过该栅介电层而来的掺质扩散而形成的一扩散区;
第一垂直晶体管,位于该隔离结构的第一侧的该基底中,且包括该扩散区旁的第一源/漏极区及位于该第一源/漏极区上方的第二源/漏极区,该第一源/漏极区及该第二源/漏极区都具有第二导电型。
8.根据权利要求7所述的元件结构,其中该隔离结构还包括位于该第一沟渠中及该第一掺杂半导体层下的一金属层,且该栅介电层亦介于该金属层及该基底之间。
9.根据权利要求7所述的元件结构,其中该第一导电型是p型且该第二导电型是n型。
10.根据权利要求7所述的元件结构,其中该第一导电型是n型且该第二导电型是p型。
11.根据权利要求7所述的元件结构,其是一动态随机存取存储器结构,且还包括耦接到该第二源/漏极区的一电容器。
12.根据权利要求11所述的元件结构,其中该第一源/漏极区与一埋入式位元线接触,且该埋入式位元线位于该基底中的第二沟渠中。
13.根据权利要求12所述的元件结构,其中该埋入式位元线包括:一金属层,以及该金属层上具有该第二导电型的第二掺杂半导体层,且该第二掺杂半导体层与该第一源/漏极区接触。
14.根据权利要求13所述的元件结构,其中该第一源/漏极区是以从该第二掺杂半导体层而来的掺质扩散而形成。
15.根据权利要求12所述的元件结构,其中有二埋入式位元线平行配置在该第二沟渠中。
16.根据权利要求7所述的元件结构,还包括位于该隔离结构的第二侧,即该隔离结构的该第一侧的相反侧的第二垂直晶体管。
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