CN102701806A - Composting process capable of effectively decreasing heavy-metal activity of farm manure - Google Patents
Composting process capable of effectively decreasing heavy-metal activity of farm manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102701806A CN102701806A CN2012101316233A CN201210131623A CN102701806A CN 102701806 A CN102701806 A CN 102701806A CN 2012101316233 A CN2012101316233 A CN 2012101316233A CN 201210131623 A CN201210131623 A CN 201210131623A CN 102701806 A CN102701806 A CN 102701806A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composting process capable of effectively decreasing heavy-metal activity of farm manure. The composting process includes: adding 15%-34% of straw chips by weight of animal excrement, spraying water until the water content reaches 45%-55%, adding 5%-9% of passivators and/or 0.5%-0.9% of decomposing agents by weight ratio and then uniformly mixing and stockpiling; covering and stockpiling with plastic films for 21-56 days; measuring internal temperature of the composed pile each one to three days, and then turning when the temperature reaches 70 DEG C above. By means of adding straws, the passivators and the decomposing agents in livestock excrement to stockpile in a concentrated manner, occurrence states of heavy metals in farm manure can be changed, high-activity exchangeable As and Pb of the heavy metal are changed to be reducible, oxidable and residual with low activity, and accordingly quantity of metal absorbed by plants in farm manure is lowered and organic manure can be utilized for ecological agriculture positively. In addition, the composting process is easy and convenient to implement, environment-friendly and easy to popularize and apply since low-activity conversion rate of heavy metal is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the farm manure processing technique field, it is easy to be specifically related to a kind of technology, can effectively reduce the active compost method of heavy metal in the farm manure.
Background technology
" crops YIZHIHUA depends on the excrement manager entirely ", visible fertilizer is the basis of crop growthing development.Since chemical fertilizer comes out, brought huge change for agriculture prodn, tillage method.But a large amount of uses of tillage method and chemical fertilizer cause the deterioration of ecological environment of soil improperly, and the yield-power in soil is descended day by day, and the Sustainable development of agricultural is on the hazard.The raising of the ecotope consciousness of Along with people's, Organic farming is produced and is received people's favor and welcome day by day, and farm manure begins to be reused.But; Contain heavy metal elements such as Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and As in the farm manure, wherein As, Pb, Cd are and people and organism nonessential element, and toxicity is bigger; Long-term a large amount of applications of farmyard manure can cause soil and crop to receive the pollution of As, Pb, Cd, influences the healthy of people.Develop and a kind ofly can reduce effectively that the active compost method of heavy metal is very important in the farm manure, help to promote the sound development of the ecological agriculture.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology easy, can effectively reduce the active compost method of heavy metal in the farm manure.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this, may further comprise the steps:
A, animal excrement are removed concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use;
B, crop stalk is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, water drenches subsequent use;
C, add the particle of crop stalks, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55%, add the passivator of weight ratio 5 ~ 9% and/or 0.5 ~ 0.9% the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed simultaneously, mix that the back is concentrated stores up while spray water by 15 ~ 34% of animal stool weight;
D, fertile heap cover sealing with plastics film, use stack retting 21 ~ 56d after the weight compacting on every side;
E, measurement in per 1 ~ 3 day be the interior temperature of heap once, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, need carry out turning and handle.
The present invention is employed in livestock and poultry manure adds crop stalk and passivator, the stack retting mode is concentrated in the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed; Can impel that the occurrence status of heavy metal changes in the farm manure; Wherein As, Pb are transformed to the lower reducible attitude of activity, oxidable attitude and residual form direction by the higher exchange state of activity; Metal is made fertilizer in the ecological agriculture, bring into play positive effect by the amount of plant absorbing in the fertilizer thereby reduced.Technology of the present invention is easy, makes the low activity attitude transformation efficiency of heavy metal high, and ecological, environmental protective is easy to apply.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, but never in any form the present invention is limited, any change or improvement based on training centre of the present invention is done all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention includes following steps:
A, animal excrement are removed concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use;
B, crop stalk is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, water drenches subsequent use;
C, add the particle of crop stalks, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55%, add the passivator of weight ratio 5 ~ 9% and/or 0.5 ~ 0.9% the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed simultaneously, mix that the back is concentrated stores up while spray water by 15 ~ 34% of animal stool weight;
D, fertile heap cover sealing with plastics film, use stack retting 21 ~ 56d after the weight compacting on every side;
E, measurement in per 1 ~ 3 day be the interior temperature of heap once, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, need carry out turning and handle.
As preferred implementation:
Described animal excrement are one or more the mixture in pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, horsehit or the poultry manure.Described poultry comprises chicken, duck and goose, and the flying bird of family's raising.
Described crop stalk is one or more the mixture in corn, paddy rice, wheat, Chinese sorghum and the beans straw.
Described passivator is one or more the mixture in wilkinite, zeyssatite, ground phosphate rock, zeolite, the sepiolite.
The described agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is composite bacteria HM and/or composite bacteria EM.
Described fertile heap base diameter is 1:0.8 ~ 1.5 with fertile stack height ratio.
The cool simultaneously 1 ~ 2h that shines of described turning will pile internal layer and the out-pile layer carries out overturning, to guarantee fermentation evenly, fully.
When if temperature are lower than 50 ℃ in the fermentation two week back heaps, can in turning, add the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed by secondary, add-on be the first time add-on 50 ~ 100%.If temperature does not change or lasting downtrending is arranged in continuous 3 measuring periods heaps, can fulfil the stack retting process ahead of schedule.Accomplish after the stack retting process or before using compost reactor startup tan by the sun in the sun to remove parasite.
Embodiment 1
Get pig manure and remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; Corn stalk is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; Press 34% of pig manure weight and add the corn stalk particle, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55% while spraying water, tightly agglomerating with holding, loose one's grip and promptly loose.Add the wilkinite of weight ratio 5% and 0.5% composite bacteria HM, concentrate after mixing and store up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:0.8 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 21d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 3 days, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 1h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 2
Get cow dung and remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; The beans straw is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; Add beans straw particle by 15% of cow dung weight, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55% while spraying water, tightly agglomerating with holding, loose one's grip and promptly loose.Add the zeyssatite of weight ratio 9% and 0.9% composite bacteria EM simultaneously, concentrate after mixing and store up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:1.5 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 56d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 2 days, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 2h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 3
Get the sheep excrement and remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; Straw is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; Add straw by 20% of sheep excrement weight and pulverize material, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55% while spraying water, tightly agglomerating with holding, loose one's grip and promptly loose.The ground phosphate rock of adding weight ratio 7% and 0.8% composite bacteria HM and the mixture of composite bacteria EM are concentrated after mixing and are stored up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:1 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 49d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 1 day, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 1.5h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 4
Get poultry manure and remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; Wheat straw is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; Press 30% of poultry manure weight and add the wheat straw particle, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55% while spraying water, tightly agglomerating with holding, loose one's grip and promptly loose.Add the zeolite of weight ratio 8% and 0.7% composite bacteria EM, concentrate after mixing and store up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:1.4 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 42d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 3 days, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 1h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 5
Get horsehit and remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; The Chinese sorghum straw is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; Press 25% of horsehit weight and add Chinese sorghum straw particle, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55% while spraying water, tightly agglomerating with holding, loose one's grip and promptly loose.Add the sepiolite of weight ratio 6% and 0.6% composite bacteria HM, concentrate after mixing and store up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:1.3 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 56d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 2 days, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 1.5h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 6
Get the mixing ight soil of pig manure and cow dung, remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; Corn stalk and straw are crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; By the 34% adding corn stalk of mixing stool weight and the mixing particle of straw powder, mix while spraying water, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55%, tightly agglomerating with holding, loose one's grip and promptly loose.Add weight ratio 5% wilkinite and diatomaceous mixture, the composite bacteria HM of adding 0.5% and the mixture of composite bacteria EM are concentrated after mixing and are stored up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:0.9 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 32d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 1 day, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 2h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 7
Get the mixing ight soil of cow dung, sheep excrement and horsehit, remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; Straw, wheat straw and sorghum stalks are crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; 30% adding straw, wheat straw and sorghum stalks particle by mixing stool weight mixes while spraying water, and makes water ratio reach 45 ~ 55%, and be tightly agglomerating with holding, and looses one's grip and promptly loose.Add weight ratio 9% zeyssatite, ground phosphate rock and zeolite mixture, add 0.9% composite bacteria HM, concentrate after mixing and store up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:1.2 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 25d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 3 days, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 1h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 8
Get the mixing ight soil of pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, horsehit and poultry manure, remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; Corn stalk, straw, sorghum stalks and beans straw are crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; Particle by the 25% adding corn stalk, straw, sorghum stalks and the beans straw that mix stool weight mixes while spraying water, and makes water ratio reach 45 ~ 55%, and is tightly agglomerating with holding, and looses one's grip and promptly looses.Add weight ratio 8% zeolite and sepiolite mixture, add 0.7% composite bacteria EM, concentrate after mixing and store up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:1.3 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 40d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 2 days, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 1.5h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Embodiment 9
Get the mixing ight soil of sheep excrement, horsehit and poultry manure, remove to concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use; Corn stalk and wheat straw are crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and water drenches subsequent use; By the 20% adding corn stalk of mixing stool weight and the particle of wheat straw, mix while spraying water, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55%, tightly agglomerating with holding, loose one's grip and promptly loose.Add weight ratio 7% wilkinite, zeyssatite, zeolite and sepiolite mixture simultaneously, the composite bacteria HM of adding 0.6% and the mixture of composite bacteria EM are concentrated after mixing and are stored up; Fertile heap base diameter is 1:1.1 with fertile stack height ratio; Fertile heap covers sealing with plastics film, uses stack retting 55d after the weight compacting on every side; Measured temperature in the disposable fertilizer heap in per 1 day, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, do turning and handle, the cool simultaneously 2h that shines of turning.After stack retting was accomplished, reactor startup inspection effect reached the compost maturity standard, and reactor startup tans by the sun to remove behind the parasite subsequent use in the sun.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is effectively reduced the active compost method of heavy metal in the farm manure, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A, animal excrement are removed concentrate behind the foreign material such as stone, tile and store up, subsequent use;
B, crop stalk is crushed to granularity 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, water drenches subsequent use;
C, add the particle of crop stalks, mix, make water ratio reach 45 ~ 55%, add the passivator of weight ratio 5 ~ 9% and/or 0.5 ~ 0.9% the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed simultaneously, mix that the back is concentrated stores up while spray water by 15 ~ 34% of animal stool weight;
D, fertile heap cover sealing with plastics film, use stack retting 21 ~ 56d after the weight compacting on every side;
E, measurement in per 1 ~ 3 day be the interior temperature of heap once, when temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, need carry out turning and handle.
2. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described animal excrement are one or more the mixture in pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, horsehit or the poultry manure.
3. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described crop stalk is one or more the mixture in corn, paddy rice, wheat, Chinese sorghum and the beans straw.
4. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described passivator is one or more the mixture in wilkinite, zeyssatite, ground phosphate rock, zeolite, the sepiolite.
5. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is composite bacteria HM and/or composite bacteria EM.
6. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fertile heap base diameter and fertile stack height ratio are 1:0.8 ~ 1.5.
7. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cool simultaneously 1 ~ 2h of solarization of described turning, will pile internal layer with the out-pile layer carries out overturning, and is even, abundant to guarantee fermentation.
8. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that can in turning, adding the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed by secondary when if temperature are lower than 50 ℃ in the fermentation two week back heaps, add-on be the first time add-on 50 ~ 100%.
9. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that can fulfiling the stack retting process ahead of schedule if temperature does not change or lasting downtrending is arranged in continuous 3 measuring periods heaps.
10. the active compost method of heavy metal in effective reduction farm manure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that accomplishing after the stack retting process or use compost before reactor startup tan by the sun in the sun to remove parasite.
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| CN2012101316233A CN102701806A (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2012-05-02 | Composting process capable of effectively decreasing heavy-metal activity of farm manure |
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| CN2012101316233A CN102701806A (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2012-05-02 | Composting process capable of effectively decreasing heavy-metal activity of farm manure |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103102221A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-15 | 常州市卯旺化工有限公司 | Preparation method of long-acting organic compound fertilizer containing natural minerals |
| CN103483049A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-01-01 | 山东红日阿康化工股份有限公司 | Heavy metal remover for water soluble fertilizer |
| CN103865543A (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2014-06-18 | 广东工业大学 | Curing agent for heavy metal contaminated soil and application method thereof |
| CN104016730A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-09-03 | 东北大学 | Method for reducing activity of heavy metal ions in excrements of livestocks by adding sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate |
| CN104311176A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-28 | 温州科技职业学院 | Method for passivating and transferring copper in pig manure by virtue of physical-chemical treatment |
| CN105906454A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for reducing efficiency of heavy metals in compost |
| CN106242647A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of composite passivant reducing content of beary metal in pig manure and application thereof |
| CN108424249A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-21 | 浙江金华乌啦乌两头乌产业发展有限公司 | A kind of Swine manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111482448A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南省中晟热能科技有限公司 | Heavy metal soil treatment device and method |
| CN114920599A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for reducing abundance of quinolone resistance genes, pcoA and ISCR1 in pig manure compost |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103483049A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-01-01 | 山东红日阿康化工股份有限公司 | Heavy metal remover for water soluble fertilizer |
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| CN105906454A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for reducing efficiency of heavy metals in compost |
| CN105906454B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-06-26 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of method of heavy metal validity in reduction compost |
| CN106242647A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of composite passivant reducing content of beary metal in pig manure and application thereof |
| CN108424249A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-21 | 浙江金华乌啦乌两头乌产业发展有限公司 | A kind of Swine manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111482448A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南省中晟热能科技有限公司 | Heavy metal soil treatment device and method |
| CN114920599A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for reducing abundance of quinolone resistance genes, pcoA and ISCR1 in pig manure compost |
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