CN102696412B - Root separation method for in-situ research of interspecific rhizosphere effect of field relay intercropping systems - Google Patents
Root separation method for in-situ research of interspecific rhizosphere effect of field relay intercropping systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN102696412B CN102696412B CN201210010956.0A CN201210010956A CN102696412B CN 102696412 B CN102696412 B CN 102696412B CN 201210010956 A CN201210010956 A CN 201210010956A CN 102696412 B CN102696412 B CN 102696412B
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000009350 relay intercropping Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000251133 Sphyrna tiburo Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 14
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010022971 Iron Deficiencies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000209202 Bromus secalinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000006278 hypochromic anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a root separation method for in-situ research of interspecific rhizosphere effect of field relay intercropping systems. The root separation method includes the steps of firstly, using a digging tool to longitudinally dig a furrow 5cm wide between two types of crops, which is half on the way of row spacing, digging at a certain depth in a 10cm soil layer each time to form the furrows, and placing the soil of each dug layer on two sides of each furrow; secondly, placing root separating material in the furrows, and tightly attaching the root separating material to one side wall of each furrow; and thirdly, backfilling the soil of each dug layer in the step 1 according to layering of original soil. The digging tool is used to dig the narrow furrows 5cm in width, and accordingly digging soil quantity and changing of each plough layer are reduced as compared with those in original digging of 40-50 cm wide furrows by a spade. Affection on crop growth caused by the fact that the backfilled soil layers are easy to settle in irrigating or raining and crops are easy to fall is avoided. In addition, 10cm digging layer by layer is adopted for furrow digging, and accordingly the original plough layer is guaranteed as far as possible, underground interspecific rhizosphere effect in relay intercropping systems can be researched more directly and accurately, and affection of research results in root separation process is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for rhizosphere effect between the intercropping and interplanting system kind of original position research land for growing field crops every method for root, belong to scientific research methods field.
Background technology
Intercropping and interplanting has a long history in China, is the marrow of Chinese agriculture.Reasonably intercropping and interplanting has obvious intercropping advantage, to increasing grain yield, guarantees that grain security has played important function.Along with arable area constantly reduces, intercropping and interplanting plantation is more and more subject to domestic and international attention.At present, agronomist, ecologists have great interest to rhizosphere effect between intercropping and interplanting compound population kind, and its research method is updated.
At research intercropping and interplanting ground, underground interspecies effect, intercropping advantage being contributed to conventional method is root system separation method (every method for root), study effect on the ground to the contribution of intercropping advantage by eliminating underground interspecies effect (plastic foil separation) completely, not exclusively eliminate a rhizosphere effect of sowing (separation of 30um nylon wire) study its contribution to intercropping advantage.
But current adopts " wide fluting " method every method for root, opens the wide dell groove of 40～50cm with spade between two kinds of Different Crop, in the groove of hole, place every root timber material, then by the soil digging out again backfill, realize root system and separate.Because the width of hole groove is larger, in digging process, destroy topsoil structural volume large, change plant growth topsoil structure, after soil layer backfill, when irrigation or rainfall, easily sink, crop easily falls, and affects plant growth, is difficult to distinguish its intercropping advantage and is sow that a rhizosphere effect effect causes or topsoil structural change causes; Also there is in addition tedious problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of " between the intercropping and interplanting system kind of original position research land for growing field crops rhizosphere effect every root " method that reduces soil plough horizon disturbance, reduce the change volume of plant growth topsoil structure, avoid soil plough horizon to change the impact on plant growth.
In order to realize above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of for rhizosphere effect between the intercropping and interplanting system kind of original position research land for growing field crops every method for root, its step is as follows:
1) adopt digging tool, after two crops are broadcast a front or crop and emerge another plant crop and broadcast before, between two crops, longitudinally excavate the wide hole groove of wide 5cm apart from one crop row apart from half place along it, hole groove forms for deep-cut 10cm soil layer to set depth at every turn, and the every layer of soil digging out is deposited in respectively the both sides of hole groove;
2) in the hole groove digging, place every root timber material, make to be close to a sidewall of cheating groove every root timber material;
3) according to the level of former soil layer by step 1) every layer of soil backfill of digging out, every backfill one deck by the soil of backfill shakeout, compacting.
The obvious intercropping system of a rhizosphere effect of sowing described intercropping and interplanting.
Described is plastic foil or nylon wire every root timber material.
Described digging tool comprises spade and shovel head, and a shovel front end is 5cm wide " C " shape structure, and rear end is fixedly connected with described spade or one is connected.
The present invention adopts digging tool to excavate out the wide hole groove of 5cm, reduce hole well width 35-45cm, reduce the soil amount of digging out and the change volume of topsoil structure, avoided after soil layer backfill, irrigated or easily sink when rainfall, crop easily falls, affect plant growth, and hole groove excavation time adopts 10cm successively to excavate, guarantee original topsoil structure as far as possible, can more directly, more accurately study a rhizosphere effect of sowing in intercropping and interplanting system, avoid the impact on result of study in root process.Cheat in addition the width of groove much smaller than two crop spacing, can before two crops are broadcast, carry out, also can after a crop emerges, separately plant before crop is broadcast and carry out, workable.The soil digging out is in addition less, and labour intensity is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of digging tool of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention cheats groove.
Embodiment
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the digging tool that the present embodiment adopts as shown in Figure 1, comprise hand-held spade 4 and dig 2, it is 5cm wide " C " shape structure 1 that the shovel of this shovel 2 digs leading portion, for excavating the wide hole groove of 5cm, shovel 2 rear end are for fixing the throat structure 3 of (can weld) with described shovel 4.
Between the original position research land for growing field crops intercropping and interplanting system kind of the present embodiment rhizosphere effect every method for root be applied in field confirm corn improve in the corn, peanut intercropping system of peanut young leaves iron nutrition.As shown in Figure 2, corn A peanut B intercropping system is 2:4 pattern, i.e. 2 row corn intercrop 4 row peanuts, Row spacing of maize 40cm, peanut line-spacing 30cm, between corn, peanut, distance is 35cm, first sows peanut, after peanut is emerged, locate to measure 4m at the capable 15cm of corn, peanut spacing peanut (apart from the capable 20cm of corn) long, stay cord, smashes upper layer of soil, the earth fall is sunken at the middle and upper levels to prevent grooving process, then slot with digging tool as shown in Figure 1, hole groove width 5cm, dark 60cm, long 4m, as shown in D in Fig. 2.First upper strata 0-10cm topsoil is dug out, be placed on a side of hole groove, then dig one deck every 10cm, put aside, as shown in Figure 2, C is for digging out every layer of soil, soil layer soil cheat groove notch by interior to stacking successively.Native layering placement in groove is dug out in layering successively, until dig dark 60cm, bottom land is flattened, ready plastic film (wide 65cm) is close to groove one side and is vertically placed into bottom, 5cm is exposed on top, strain smooth, last back-filling in layers soil, first backfill orlop soil, leveling compacting, at backfill last layer soil, backfill is until the superiors' soil successively, last ground grading, realize intercropping and interplanting every root processing.
Test confirmation by field planting, corn intercrop disappears peanut Iron Deficiency Chlorosis shape, and newborn blade SPAD value and active Fe content have improved respectively 19.03% and 57.62%, all reach utmost point significance level.And after corn, the underground root system of peanut being separated with plastic foil, removing rhizosphere process between kind, there is obvious iron deficiency symptom in newborn blade, and its SPAD value and active Fe content extremely significantly reduce, not obvious with nonoculture peanut difference, field has directly proved it is that between planting, rhizosphere process has improved Iron Nutrition of Peanut.
Claims (1)
- For rhizosphere effect between the intercropping and interplanting system kind of original position research land for growing field crops every a method for root, it is characterized in that: its step is as follows:1) adopt digging tool, after two crops are broadcast a front or crop and emerge another plant crop and broadcast before, between two crops, longitudinally excavate the wide hole groove of wide 5cm apart from one crop row apart from half place along it, hole groove forms for deep-cut 10cm soil layer to set depth at every turn, and the every layer of soil digging out is deposited in respectively the both sides of hole groove;2) in the hole groove digging, place every root timber material, make to be close to a sidewall of cheating groove every root timber material;3) every layer of soil backfill of according to the level of former soil layer, step 1) being dug out, every backfill one deck by the soil of backfill shakeout, compacting;Described digging tool comprises spade and shovel head, and a shovel front end is 5cm wide " C " shape structure, and rear end is fixedly connected with described spade or one is connected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210010956.0A CN102696412B (en) | 2012-01-15 | 2012-01-15 | Root separation method for in-situ research of interspecific rhizosphere effect of field relay intercropping systems |
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| CN110226479B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2022-03-01 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Sweet potato transverse transplanting method and transplanting machine thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (10)
| Title |
|---|
| 夏玉米套作氮素竞争利用及对产量品质的影响机理研究;宁堂原;《山东农业大学博士学位论文》;20050131;14-15 * |
| 孟亚利等.麦棉套作复合根系群体对棉花根系生长的影响.《中国农业科学》.2006,第39卷(第11期),2228-2236. |
| 宁堂原.夏玉米套作氮素竞争利用及对产量品质的影响机理研究.《山东农业大学博士学位论文》.2005,14. |
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| 李玉英等.种间互作和施氮对蚕豆/玉米间作生态系统地上部和地下部生长的影响.《生态学报》.2011,第31卷(第06期),1617-1630. |
| 李隆等.根际微生态系统理论在我国农业高产高效中的作用――间套种作物种间的根际微生态效应的发现及应用前景.《中国农业科技导报》.1999,第1卷(第04期),34-40. |
| 根际微生态系统理论在我国农业高产高效中的作用――间套种作物种间的根际微生态效应的发现及应用前景;李隆等;《中国农业科技导报》;19991231;第1卷(第04期);34-40 * |
| 种间互作和施氮对蚕豆/玉米间作生态系统地上部和地下部生长的影响;李玉英等;《生态学报》;20111231;第31卷(第06期);1617-1630 * |
| 陈雨海等.小麦边际效应的研究.《山东农业大学学报》.1999,第30卷(第04期),431-435. |
| 麦棉套作复合根系群体对棉花根系生长的影响;孟亚利等;《中国农业科学》;20061231;第39卷(第11期);2228-2236 * |
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