CN102692085A - Solar collector tube and solar water heater - Google Patents
Solar collector tube and solar water heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN102692085A CN102692085A CN2012101543222A CN201210154322A CN102692085A CN 102692085 A CN102692085 A CN 102692085A CN 2012101543222 A CN2012101543222 A CN 2012101543222A CN 201210154322 A CN201210154322 A CN 201210154322A CN 102692085 A CN102692085 A CN 102692085A
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- pipe
- solar energy
- solar
- phase
- heat collection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of solar heat utilization, particularly relates to a solar collector tube and a solar water heater and provides a solar collector and a solar water heater. An aluminum heat tube of the solar collector and the solar water heater is provided with rare-earth-based alloy or zirconium-based alloy window, and phase-change liquid in the aluminum heat tube is adaptively modified. The solar collector tube comprises an outer tube and a heat tube. Phase-change liquid is arranged inside the heat tube which is the aluminum heat tube. The aluminum heat tube includes a condensation section and an evaporation section. The condensation section of the aluminum heat tube is provided with a hydrogen-permeable window which comprises an inner hydrogen-absorbing activation layer and an outer dehydrogenization activation layer. The phase-change layer includes organic solvent. Water-absorbing nano molecular sieve fluid is evenly scattered in the organic solvent. The phase-change liquid accounts for one eleventh to one ninth of the heat tube in volume. By applying the solar collector tube to the solar water heater, heat absorbing effect of the solar water heater can be improved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy heat utilization field, relate in particular to a kind of solar energy heat collection pipe and solar water heater.
Background technology
Heat pipe is to realize that heat transmits fast and the ideal of exchange is selected.Heat pipe is realized efficient heat conduction, exchange through phase transformation, utilizes the evaporation of airtight cavity internal working medium, condensation phase transformation to carry out the heat transmission, and its heat-transfer capability is dozens or even hundreds of a times of traditional metal materials.The most frequently used heat pipe is copper-aqueous systems at present.Yet the price comparison of copper is expensive, selects for use the aluminium substitution copper of cheap lightweight can practice thrift cost.But aluminium is the active metal, although the natural oxidizing layer that the surface of aluminium has one deck to play a protective role, still He Shui, the easy common solvents such as alcohol that absorb water at high temperature produce hydrogen to aluminium easily; The hydrogen that produces is assembled at condensation segment; Form on-condensible gas, make heat pipe failure, even blast.This also is to be the main cause that the aluminothermy pipe of working medium does not have large-scale application so far with water, alcohol.The method of the permeation dehydrogenation of research is primarily aimed at the carbon steel heat pipe at present, and mostly the Window layer material of employing is metal and alloys thereof such as noble metal vanadium, palladium, niobium, tantalum.But these materials can not well be used in the aluminothermy pipe; This mainly be since the difference of aluminium and carbon steel material itself cause aluminium and above-mentioned window material can not well combine due to (iron is body-centered cubic structure at normal temperatures, and aluminium is center of area stereochemical structure at normal temperatures).On the other hand, the price that above-mentioned window material has is also relatively more expensive, and is unfavorable to reducing cost.
And this aluminium tube is to its sensitivity of water electrode, and at high temperature reaction produces hydrogen with water easily, and the hydrogen of generation is assembled at condensation segment, forms on-condensible gas, makes heat pipe failure, even can blast.Adopt the generation that to avoid hydrogen on organic solvent such as the replacement water theories such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, yet industrial methanol and ethanol inevitably can contain traces of moisture, have influenced the performance of heat pipe.As the moisture that the method that adopts chemical refining is removed trace in the organic solvent will inevitably increase cost, and together in the heat pipe process of making and atmospheric isolation, avoids the suction of organic solvent secondary, and this obviously is unpractical.
In addition, with the solar energy heat collection pipe that heat pipe is processed, heat transfer efficiency is high; Thermal shock is little, reduced all the time according to the time system reverse heat waste, and the supreme heat loss of circulation line down; The purposes of this thermal-collecting tube is not limited to provide the domestic hot-water, also is used for fields such as steam turbine power generation and accumulation of energy simultaneously.Therefore hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe has been represented the new developing direction of heat collector.Yet hot pipe type vacuum heat collection pipe does not also obtain general promotion and application, and this mainly is the price comparison costliness of this thermal-collecting tube.Therefore, if can make thermal-collecting tube, will help reducing the cost of heat collector tube pipe with cheap aluminothermy pipe Alloy instead of Copper heat pipe.
Summary of the invention
Solar energy heat collection pipe of the present invention overcomes above-mentioned defective, provide a kind of with rare earth-based alloy, zirconium alloy as window application on the aluminothermy pipe, and the phase-transition liquid of aluminothermy pipe carried out the solar thermal collector and the solar water heater of adaptation.
The technical scheme of solar thermal collector of the present invention is such: it comprises outer tube and heat pipe; Phase-transition liquid is set in the heat pipe, and heat pipe is set to the aluminothermy pipe, and it comprises condensation segment and evaporator section the aluminothermy pipe; The hydrogen window is passed through in the condensation segment setting of aluminothermy pipe; Pass through the hydrogen window and comprise suction hydrogen active layer and dehydrogenation active layer, inhale the hydrogen active layer and be arranged on internal layer, the dehydrogenation active layer is arranged on skin; Phase-transition liquid comprises organic solvent, and the nano molecular sieve fluid with water absorbing capacity is dispersed in the organic solvent; Phase-transition liquid accounts for 1/11st to 1/9th of heat pipe volume.
Inhale the hydrogen active layer, the dehydrogenation active layer is set to rare earth-based alloy or zirconium alloy, rare earth-based alloy is Mm1-xCXNi5-yDy, wherein Mn is any one of Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Gd, Er; C is any one among Al, Cu, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, the Co, and D is any one of Al, Cu, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, Co, Cr, Zr, V, Fe, x=0.05 ~ 0.20 wherein, y=0.1 ~ 2.5; Zirconium alloy is Zr V2, Zr Cr2, any one of ZrMn2.
Shell is set to fine aluminium or aluminium alloy.
The inwall of heat pipe is provided with groove.
The degree of depth of groove is set to 0.2 ~ 0.3mm.
The diameter of nano molecular sieve is 5nm ~ 1 μ m, and the aperture is 2.5 ~ 3.5.
Organic solvent is set to alcohols, alkane, nitrile.
Organic solvent is set to methyl alcohol or ethanol.
A kind of technical scheme that the solar water heater of above-mentioned solar thermal collector is set is: its solar energy heat collection pipe comprises all technical characterictics of above-mentioned solar energy heat collection pipe.
The operation principle of aluminothermy pipe of the present invention is such: hydrogen atom has diffusion velocity faster in aluminium and alloy thereof; But the oxide layer on aluminium surface has stoped absorption, infiltration and the desorption of hydrogen molecule on the aluminium surface, caused aluminium and alloy thereof under normal conditions hydrogen to see through ability more weak.The present invention fixedly has the Window layer of inhaling hydrogen and dehydrogenation at the aluminum pipe inner and outer wall of cleaning, makes hydrogen to diffuse in the atmosphere through Window layer smoothly.Consider the face-centred cubic structure characteristics of metallic aluminium and more active characteristic thereof, the present invention adopts rare earth-based alloy and zirconium alloy to make Window layer.Because the molecular diameter of water is 3, ethanol select the aperture be 2.5 ~ 3.5 molecular sieve as water absorbent, realize good absorption to water.In addition, molecular screen material can absorb water during less than 350 degrees centigrade in temperature, satisfies the requirement of solar energy heat collection pipe opposite heat tube.Nano molecular sieve is dispersed in the solvent, obtains nano-fluid, nano-fluid in liquid Brownian movement and be adsorbed on the capillary wick that the nano material on the tube wall forms and all help increasing heat-transfer effect.
The present invention creatively is applied in rare earth-based alloy, zirconium alloy on the aluminothermy pipe as the Window layer material fully analyzing on the character basis of aluminium and alloy thereof, has solved the problem of on-condensible gas in the aluminothermy pipe; And effectively reduce the heat pipe cost, and first molecular sieve is added in the phase-transition liquid of heat pipe, utilize the moisture in the molecular sieve opposite heat tube phase-transition liquid to absorb; For new research direction has been opened up in the research of anhydrous heat pipe, in addition, molecular sieve is nano level; Be dispersed in the phase-transition liquid, form nano-fluid, can improve heat-transfer effect; Be to kill two birds with one stone; The solar energy heat collection pipe of this structure is applied in the solar water heater, can improve the endothermic effect of solar water heater effectively, can make water heater promptly reach temperature requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of aluminothermy pipe of the present invention.
1-condensation segment, 2-inhale hydrogen active layer, 3-dehydrogenation active layer, 4-evaporator section, 5-phase-transition liquid.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The solar water heater of present embodiment comprises solar energy heat collection pipe, and it comprises outer tube and heat pipe solar energy heat collection pipe, and phase-transition liquid 5 is set in the heat pipe; Heat pipe is set to the aluminothermy pipe; It comprises condensation segment 1 and evaporator section 4 the aluminothermy pipe, and the condensation segment 1 of aluminothermy pipe is provided with and passes through the hydrogen window, passes through the hydrogen window and comprises suction hydrogen active layer 2 and dehydrogenation active layer 3; Inhale hydrogen active layer 2 and be arranged on internal layer, dehydrogenation active layer 3 is arranged on skin; Phase-transition liquid 5 comprises organic solvent, and the nano molecular sieve fluid with water absorbing capacity is dispersed in the organic solvent; Phase-transition liquid 5 accounts for 1/11st to 1/9th of heat pipe volume.Inhale hydrogen active layer 2, dehydrogenation active layer 3 is set to rare earth-based alloy or zirconium alloy, rare earth-based alloy is Mm1-xCXNi5-yDy, wherein Mn is any one of Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Gd, Er; C is any one among Al, Cu, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, the Co, and D is any one of Al, Cu, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, Co, Cr, Zr, V, Fe, x=0.05 ~ 0.20 wherein, y=0.1 ~ 2.5; Zirconium alloy is Zr V2, Zr Cr2, any one of ZrMn2.Shell is set to fine aluminium or aluminium alloy.The inwall of heat pipe is provided with groove.The degree of depth of groove is set to 0.2 ~ 0.3mm.The diameter of nano molecular sieve is 5nm ~ 1 μ m, and the aperture is 2.5 ~ 3.5.Organic solvent is set to alcohols, alkane, nitrile.Organic solvent is set to methyl alcohol or ethanol.
The preparation method of aluminothermy pipe of the present invention is following:
1) preparation of rare earth-based alloy Mm1-xCXNi5-yDy: wherein Mm is any one of Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Gd, Er; C is any one of Al, Cu, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, Co; D is any one of Al, Cu, Mn, S i, Ca, Ti, Co, Cr, Zr, V, Fe; X=0. 05 ~ 0. 20, y=0. 1 ~ 2. 5.The above-mentioned simple substance of pre-set mol ratio is mixed, place in the crucible of quick cool furnace, vacuumize; Argon shield; In 800 ~ 1000 ℃ of calcining refinings, again with the nozzle flow of molten alloy through crucible bottom to two on the contrary to the rod faces of continuously two rods of rotation, obtain alloy sheet.Present embodiment is got and is worked as x=0.05, during y=0.1, rare earth alloy consist of Mm
0.95C
0.05Ni
4.9D
0.1,
2) zirconium alloy ZrV
2, ZrCr
2, ZrMn
2Preparation: with mol ratio is that Zr and the V of 1:2 mixes, according to Mm
1-xC
xNi
5-yD
yAlloy phase preparation method together obtains alloy sheet.
3) preparation of aluminothermy pipe evaporator section capillary groove: aluminum pipe is cleaned oven dry; Adopt high speed Oil-Filled Spinning method; Produce the little groove capillary wick of the large ratio of height to width with hydraulically rough surface heat pipe, groove depth is set to 0.25mm, and the prepared aluminum pipe that has groove is as the evaporator section of aluminothermy pipe.
4) alloy sheet with preparation is welded on the inner and outer wall correspondence position of aluminum pipe condensation segment respectively.
5) with evaporator section and condensation segment welding, heat pipe is vacuumized, irritate liquid, sealing.The volume of working medium is 1/10th of a heat pipe volume.
The preparation of phase-transition liquid of the present invention is following: at first be dispersed in the organic solvent the molecular sieve of activation is ultrasonic, obtain phase-transition liquid; Aluminum pipe or steel pipe are cleaned oven dry, adopt high speed Oil-Filled Spinning method to squeeze out capillary groove; The aluminum pipe or the steel pipe that will have capillary groove vacuumize, and can phase-transition liquid, finally sealed promptly obtain solar energy heat collection pipe.The diameter of the nano molecular sieve of present embodiment is 5nm, and the aperture is 2.5.
Then the aluminothermy pipe is vacuumized, irritate liquid, sealing.The volume of present embodiment phase-transition liquid is set to 1/11st of aluminothermy pipe volume.
Embodiment 2:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, inhales hydrogen active layer 2 and is set to zirconium alloy, and dehydrogenation active layer 3 is set to rare earth-based alloy, and the solar energy heat collection pipe of present embodiment is got x=0.1, during y=1.25, rare earth alloy consist of Mm
0.9C
0.1Ni
3.75D
1.25What zirconium system total was got is that mol ratio is Zr and the Cr of 1:2, and the diameter of nano molecular sieve is 1 μ m, and the aperture is set to 3.5, and the volume of phase-transition liquid is set to 1/10th of aluminothermy pipe volume.
Embodiment 3:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, inhales the hydrogen active layer and is set to rare earth-based alloy, and the dehydrogenation active layer is set to zirconium alloy, and the solar energy heat collection pipe of present embodiment is got x=0.2, during y=2.5, rare earth alloy consist of Mm
0.8C
0.2Ni
2.5D
2.5What zirconium system total was got is that mol ratio is Zr and the Mn of 1:2, and the volume of phase-transition liquid is set to 1/9th of aluminothermy pipe volume.
Claims (9)
1. solar energy heat collection pipe, it comprises outer tube and heat pipe, and phase-transition liquid is set in the heat pipe; It is characterized in that heat pipe is set to the aluminothermy pipe, it comprises condensation segment and evaporator section the aluminothermy pipe; The hydrogen window is passed through in the condensation segment setting of aluminothermy pipe; Pass through the hydrogen window and comprise suction hydrogen active layer and dehydrogenation active layer, inhale the hydrogen active layer and be arranged on internal layer, the dehydrogenation active layer is arranged on skin; Phase-transition liquid comprises organic solvent, and the nano molecular sieve fluid with water absorbing capacity is dispersed in the organic solvent; Phase-transition liquid accounts for 1/11st to 1/9th of heat pipe volume.
2. solar energy heat collection pipe according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: suction hydrogen active layer, dehydrogenation active layer are set to rare earth-based alloy or zirconium alloy; Rare earth-based alloy is Mm1-xCXNi5-yDy, and wherein Mn is any one of Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Gd, Er; C is any one among Al, Cu, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, the Co, and D is any one of Al, Cu, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, Co, Cr, Zr, V, Fe, x=0.05 ~ 0.20 wherein, y=0.1 ~ 2.5; Zirconium alloy is Zr V2, Zr Cr2, any one of ZrMn2.
3. solar energy heat collection pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: shell is set to fine aluminium or aluminium alloy.
4. solar energy heat collection pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the inwall of heat pipe is provided with groove.
5. solar energy heat collection pipe according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the degree of depth of groove is set to 0.2 ~ 0.3mm.
6. solar energy heat collection pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the diameter of nano molecular sieve is 5nm ~ 1 μ m, and the aperture is 2.5 ~ 3.5.
7. solar energy heat collection pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: organic solvent is set to alcohols, alkane, nitrile.
8. solar energy heat collection pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: organic solvent is set to methyl alcohol or ethanol.
9. solar water heater that the described solar energy heat collection pipe of claim 1 is set.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101543222A CN102692085A (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Solar collector tube and solar water heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101543222A CN102692085A (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Solar collector tube and solar water heater |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102692085A true CN102692085A (en) | 2012-09-26 |
Family
ID=46857709
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101543222A Pending CN102692085A (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2012-05-18 | Solar collector tube and solar water heater |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3129599A1 (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1983-02-17 | Hoechst Ag | Heat exchanger element having connecting pieces mounted in a self-sealing fashion |
| CN1144324A (en) * | 1994-09-25 | 1997-03-05 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
| CN2364424Y (en) * | 1999-04-18 | 2000-02-16 | 刘效明 | Heat pipe type solar water heater |
| CN1595039A (en) * | 2003-09-13 | 2005-03-16 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Heat pipe |
| JP2007315663A (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Sanden Corp | Refrigeration system |
| CN101162133A (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-16 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Heat pipe and its manufacturing method |
| WO2010046740A2 (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-04-29 | Mario Giannelli | Solar heating system for warming hot water based on the principle of heat exchange through the phase-change process of evaporation and condensation |
| FR2959798A1 (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-11 | Saint Gobain | Solar panel, particularly vacuum flat solar panel, comprises upper wall and lower wall, where upper spacer and lower spacer are firmly connected with absorption material in height of conduit pipe |
| CN202792608U (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-03-13 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Solar heat collection pipe and solar water heater |
-
2012
- 2012-05-18 CN CN2012101543222A patent/CN102692085A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3129599A1 (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1983-02-17 | Hoechst Ag | Heat exchanger element having connecting pieces mounted in a self-sealing fashion |
| CN1144324A (en) * | 1994-09-25 | 1997-03-05 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Permeation dehydrogenation heat pipe |
| CN2364424Y (en) * | 1999-04-18 | 2000-02-16 | 刘效明 | Heat pipe type solar water heater |
| CN1595039A (en) * | 2003-09-13 | 2005-03-16 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Heat pipe |
| JP2007315663A (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Sanden Corp | Refrigeration system |
| CN101162133A (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-16 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Heat pipe and its manufacturing method |
| WO2010046740A2 (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-04-29 | Mario Giannelli | Solar heating system for warming hot water based on the principle of heat exchange through the phase-change process of evaporation and condensation |
| FR2959798A1 (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-11 | Saint Gobain | Solar panel, particularly vacuum flat solar panel, comprises upper wall and lower wall, where upper spacer and lower spacer are firmly connected with absorption material in height of conduit pipe |
| CN202792608U (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-03-13 | 青岛海之川可再生能源研究所 | Solar heat collection pipe and solar water heater |
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| Title |
|---|
| 吴东义等: "纳米分子筛/聚丙烯酰胺复合材料的制备", 《化工新型材料》, no. 07, 15 July 2009 (2009-07-15) * |
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| 胡子龙: "《贮氢材料》", 31 August 2008, article "AB5型贮氢合金" * |
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Application publication date: 20120926 |